Detroit Free Press from Detroit, Michigan • Page 1

Weather Report Rising temperature Wednesday Sun rie t.ets 3IETR0P0LITAN FINAL EDITION 6 On Guard for Over a Century- Wednesday, March 3, 1943. No. 303 112th Year 24 Pages Four Cents zzm V) 0 I i Li TT IT catter Bi omJber 10 Divisions Going Home for 'Restf Step Follows Reported Nazi Demand for Troops; Hitler, Mussolini Meet By the Associated Prr. Thousands Learn Late that License Law Is Being Enforced irr-r -t il iii LONDON, March 2 An entire Italian army was reported tonight to have been called home from the Russian front as a surprise sequel to Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop's recent visit to Rome, where he is said to have demanded more Italians to fill gaps in the German ranks. The Rome radio announced thate i it i i A'4 i i i Premier Benito Mussolini had ordered the withdrawal of the 10 divisions forming the Italian Eighth Army from the Russian front "to rest and have their ranks refilled." ORDER DATED MARCH 1 Mussolini's order of the day to his Eighth Army was dated March 1.

Unofficial British sources gave three possible reasons for the withdrawal 1 That Mussolini demanded it because of heightened fears of an imminent Allied invasion along his coastline. 2 That Italian divisions have been badly cut up in the Russian offensive. 3 That the battle-torn troops possibly were regarded as useless for anything except garrison duty and that both Adolf Hitler and Mussolini considered it necessary to have some troops with battle experience in Italy now that the country is directly threatened by Allied concentrations across the Mediterranean. (A New York Times dispatch from Bern said it was learned from Rome that Hitler and Mussolini had conferred last Wednesday "somewhere in Germany," prior to the Rome talks with Von Ribben-trop. STAFF CHIEF'S ATTEND (The meeting of the two dictators was held at Hitler's "request," the Times said, and was attended by staff chiefs.

Hitler was said to have agreed to withdrawal of the Italian Eighth Army provided it was replaced. (The dictators also agreed, the Times said, that Italy should send 500.000 laborers to Germany; that Italian naval and air activities in the Mediterranean should be that Italian police should stamp out defeatism and anti-Nazism; that Italy should get more coal, ii-on and oil. (Zurich diplomatic quarters reported that Hitler had demanded 10 new Italian divisions, nominally about 150,000 men. at once for a spring Axis counteroffensive in Russia.) Mussolini admitted "serious" Italian losses on the Russian front, but cited Italian troops who have had to face "extraordinary tests." The broadcast also was carried by the Berlin radio. "You have fought against numerically superior forces of the enemy to the limit of what is possible," Mussolini told his troops.

FOUR DAYS TAST DEADLINE, RECORD CROWDS LIKE THIS AT THE SECRETARY OF STATE'S Laggards were spurred by the Police Department ticketing of 2,000 Free Press Pbotd OFFICE. WOODWARD AND HENDRIE, SOUGHT 1943 TAGS improperly licensed vehicles Mine. Lilian a orgivm U. S. to Ration Meat and Butter April 1 Cheese and Cooking Fats and Oils Also to Be Sold Under Point Plan New York Times Service WASHINGTON, March 2 Consumers will begin spending the red coupons in their War Ration Book No.

2 on April 1 for meats, cheese, butter, and cooking fats and oils, it was learned authoritatively tonight. The Office of Price Administration has completed its plan for the rationing of meats and other commodities and plans to invoke all the programs simultaneously. Pleads for a World of 'One Great State Common to Gods and Men7 By the Associated Presg NEW YORK, March 2 A future in which "this whole world must be thought of as one great state common to gods and men" was held out tonight by Mme. Chiang- Kai Shek as the goal of the Wreckage-Strewn Berlin Counts Heavy Raid Toll Byhe Associated Press LONDON, March 2 The Germans late tonight reported that 191 persons were killed and 268 injured last night in the heaviest scourge raid ever delivered by the RAF on the Nazi Capital, acknowledged through various channels that heavy damage was inflicted, and threatened reprisals "one day" on both the British 2 Transports Sunk Near New Guinea Remnants of Fleet Limp Toward Lae; 13 Enemy Planes Hit; Rattle Continues By the I'nitrd Pr GEN. Mac ARTHUR'S HEADQUARTERS, Australia, March 3 (Wednesday) American Flying Fortresses and Liberators, flying through tropical storms, have scattered a fourteen-ship I Japanese convoy, sinking two! large transports and severely damaging two smaller vessels, and sending the fleet's remnants limping toward New Guinea, i Gen.

Douglas MacArthur announced today. Allied losses in the battle fought lictwcfn Lap, the Japanese New C.nnoa nnrth roast base, and New Island to the northeast were light, today's Allied comm riic reported, but the battle is con tinning. 15 AG 13 PLANKS The bisr American bombers, escorted by Lockheed Lightnings, tore into an enemy air armada of to 40 hunters and put 13 of them out of action as they pum-nieled the convoy. Hits or near misses were scored on several other vessels besides those specifically cited in the communique, and some of these may have been warships. "The convoy consisted of three "liters, four destroyers and seven caro vessels and transports," a headquarters spokesman said.

"Aiter the convoy was spotted and shadowed alon? the north coast of New Britain Monday, the real attack began Tuesday morning when the Fortresses inflicted most of the damage. KKTOKTS INCOMPLETE "Tuesday's reports are incomplete, principally because the bombers are shuttling over the targets, not permitting thorough interrogation." The convoy was trapped north of Cape Gloucester, on the i i i New Britain and air miles northeast of Lae. its ap- i lit destina tion. planes put out of Of the i ac tion, head- qua ters disclosed, five were de- I st roved. In addition, the communique reported, six more Japanese planes were shot down Tuesday during an enemy raid on Darwin, Australia, making the foe's loss for tht: day 19 planes.

MIIPS SIGHTED MONDAY The big Jap convoy had been Monody off the northern coast of New Britain Island, heading for New Guinea behind the protective cover of a storm front, which had grounded Allied planes. Athlete Admits Slaving Girl BULLETIN IONIA, March 1 onald in I seventeen-year-old Ionia High School football star, confessed Tuesday to Montreal (Que.) city detectives that he murdered Clara B. Johnson, 18. Ionia war worker, Saturday morning. Sheriff Leslie Murphy announced late Tuesday night.

Tcmelco was arrested Tuesday in Montreal. Sheriff Murphy had asked them to look for Tcmelco. "I beat her and I knew she was dead," Tenielco was quoted by Murphy as telling the Montreal officers. Miss Johnson had been beaten and strangled. Her body was found, half frozen, several hours later in an open coal bin in an Ionia alley.

No Atheists in Fox Holes In the hour of battle men have one common need divine guidance in an hour of peril. So runs the theme of a report from the world's fighting fronts, compiled by James D. White, Free Press Special News Service Writer. As one bomber pilot explained his escape from a crack-up: "I know that some greater power than mine guided my action." Read Mr. White's article in the Editorial Magazine.

Sunday's Free Press of io be of by a 19 all be Urges eace United Nations. The wife of China's Generalis- simo, in an address at a tribute mass meeting in Madison Square Garden, urged also the necessity of forgiveness for the enemy because "there must be no bitterness in the reconstructed world." Her speech was broadcast. Tumultuous acclaim from 17,000 persons greeted China's first lady as she entered the Garden, escorted by an honor guard of Flying Tigers. Asking, "What are we going to make of the future?" and, "What will the revalescing world, recov- ering from this hideous blood letting, be like?" Mme. Chiang answered.

1 he wisest minus In everv corner of the world are pondering over these questions, and the wisest of all reserve their opinion. But, without letting temerity outrun discretion I venture to say that certain things must be recognized. Never again must the dignity of man be outraged as it has been since the dawn of history. "All nations, great and small, must have equal opportunity of development. Those who are stronger and more advanced should consider their strength as a trust to be used to help the weaker nations to fit themselves for full self-government and not to exploit them.

Exploitation is spiritually as degrading to the exploiter as to the exploited. 'REMEMBER THE LESSON' Then, too, there must be no bitterness in the reconstructed world. No matter what we have undergone and suffered, we must try to forgive those who injured us and remember only the lesson gained thereby. finally, in order that this war may indeed be the war to end all wars in all ages, and that nations, great and small alike, may be allowed to live and let live in peace, security and freedom in the generations to come, co-operation in the true and highest sense of the word must be practiced. I have no doubt that the truly great leaders of the United Nations, those men with vision and forethought, are working toward the crystallization of this idea, yet Turn to Fage 2, Column 6 and Americans.

Results of the recheck which increased the casualty totals from the originally announced 89 killed and 213 wounded were broadcast just 24 hours after the thirty- i on-minute raid began at 10 p. m. last night. THREATEN THE U.S. i The German radio during the day made the threat of retaliation.

declaring: "The British and Americans have refused to listen to good advice. They will one day reap what they have sown." (Only a few hours after the raid, a Berlin radio commentator had said in a broadcast heard in New York by CBS that American cities "may not be safe a few months Dispatches from Berlin itself to neutral points across the German frontier indicated that the heaviest of the British night bombers had coursed freely over the center of Berlin. They told of damage inflicted along the Unter Den Linden "as Police Drive Brings Throng for Auto Tags On the heels of a record drive by Detroit Police in which nearly 2,000 motorists were ticketed for improperly licensed vehicles, branches of the Secretary of State's office were swamped Tuesday by the heaviest crowds they have encountered this year. AH sub-offices and the main Detroit branch on Woodward were crowded to capacity with long lines waiting before the doors as Detroit motorists belatedly sought their new 1943 tags almost four days past the deadline. No immediate estimate of the number of license buyers could be made by the offices with clerks working at top speed to handle the droves.

However, all agreed that the numbers surpassed even the usual deadline crowds. Police said the motorists ticketed since midnight Sunday had "obviously ignored the deadline." Essential Man? MICKEY ROONEV HOLLYWOOD. March 2 fAP) Film Star Mickey Rooney's employer, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studio, has appealed his 1-A Selective Service classification on the grounds that he is an essential man in an essential industry. The studio confirmed the re- port today without amplification. The appeal was made about a month ago.

Mickey, 21 years old and the estranged husband of Actress Ava Gardner, is one of MGM's top-ranking stars. He was not available for a statement. But his mother, Mrs. Pankey, says it wasn't his idea, at all. "I can say for Mickey that he has made no move for deferment," said Mrs.

Pankey. Army, Navy and Air Force and heavy industry had been un-derestim a but now it is more than that. It is a story reorganiza- Lion mai nas made Red Army as efficient a fighting force as any in the world, capable of capt uring 1 this winter more than the Cassidy Germans could last spring, sum' mer and fall. jj A 4 sx 1 Trial Canada Gels a Modified Ruml Tax Plan By the United Presg OTTAWA. March 2 Finance Minister J.

L. Ilsley in the House tonight announced in his budget address a "pay-as-you-go' personal income-tax plan patterned partially after the scheme originated by Beardsley Ruml, New iork banker. Tax deductions at the source i will be achieve increased April 1 to the pay-as-you-go plan. New Version of Ruml Plan Offered in Congress. 17 No major changes in income-tax rate structure were announced.

The Parliament will debate the proposals, but approval will be virtually automatic. A vote against them under the Canadian system would be a vote of non-confidence in the Government, and no such move is anticipated. The Canadian version of the Ruml plan provides settlement of the 1942 tax on a 50 cents on the dollar basis, with a reservation in respect to investment income over $3,000, the balance of which would be collected from the taxpayer's estate at his death. The budget, which proposes collection of an extra $100,000,000 from Canadians in the fiscal year starting April 1, provides for a one-cent increase in postage rates and sharply increased taxes on liquors and tobaccos. Canadians already are on a payroll-deduction basis for payment income tax.

Thus the forgiveness of 50 per cent of the 1942 tax for earned income taxpayers, will mean, Ilsley pointed out, that a great majority of taxpayers al ready have remitted that amount the Treasury. Final adjustment of the 1942 tax will be covered by returns to filed not later than June 30. 55 Still Missing in Mine Explosion BEARCREEK. March 2 Rescue workers crawled on hands and knees through masses debris today to search the Smith Coal Mine for 55 men trapped since Saturday morning an explosion that has claimed known death toll of 19. The bodies of only two of the victims have been brought to the surface of the mine.

The other 17 bodies have been left where they were discovered until 74 of the miners trapped can accounted for. Rescuers believed that all had been killed either in the explosion or by the poisonous black damp gas which filled the mine. Detwit your War Bonds for Safekeeping with Industrial National Bank. Safe, Convenient. Inexpensive.

Adv. Senate Group OICs Bill Deferring All Farmers By tli Associated Trc March 2 Over protests of the War Department and Selective Service, the Senate Military Committee voted blanket deferment from military service for farm workers today with a provision forbidding them to take other jobs without ap 6 m'ao, will be rationed along with meat, it was learned, and the over-all allotment for consumers will average one and three-quarter pounds a person. Cheese w'ill be treated as though it were meat so that the one and three-quarter pound average allowed a week will be of meat and cheese together and not this amount of each. OPA officials were anxious, however, to make it clear that the one and three-quarter average allotment is misleading because a consumer might acquire much more than a pound and three-quarter of meat a week if he bought cuts of meat with low ration-point values. Poultry will not be rationed.

Point values of the meat coupons, National and State stories on the meat situation Page 3 it was said, will fluctuate from time to time. There was little information as to the amount of butter, fats and oils which would be allowed. No "freeze" periods are planned to precede the new rationing programs. The announcement of meat and the other rationing programs will be made a day or so in advance and the consumer advised which of his red coupons are to be used for meats and which for the other commodities. Finland Gets New Premier By the Associated Pre HELSINKI, March 2 President Risto Ryti in a surprise move today entrusted the speaker of Parliament, Vaino Hikkila, with the task of forming a new Government.

The old Government resigned to free the President's hands for his new term which began yesterday. Tyko Reinikka, strong man of the Agrarian Party, had been favored in the speculation over the premiership. Red Army numbered 330 divisions. That meant that each marshal was commanding 110 divisions, about one and a half million men a stupendous task under the highly-mobile conditions of modern warfare. There were some changes in the setup, some shifts in command, but for a year, the organization generally remained the same.

BEGUN LAST SUMMER The reorganization started last summer, after the" Germans broke through the Red Army's southwestern front, raced south to the Caucasus, east to the Volga and shattered the Russian lines. The first indication of alterations in the Red Army dispositions Turn to Page 2, Column 2 Traffic Aide Tells of Laxity Caused by FOP BY PATRICK S. McDOUGALL Free Pres Staff Writer There were so many asOTciate members of the Fraternal Order of Police in Indianapolis that there was a falling off in parking regulations. That was the testimony given by Kenneth R. Dickinson, official of the Traffic Safety Association of Detroit, Tuesday before Circuit Judge Harry B.

Keidan at the second day of the injunction hearing to restrain the Mayor and police officials from interfering with the establishment of the Fraternal Order of Police in Detroit department. Associate members of the FOB were allowed to carry stickers on their cars, Dickinson said, and when any car bearing a sticker was found violating a parking ordinance, the officer discovering the violation would ignore it. Dickinson said that he was given his information by Indianapolis police officials after he had gone there and made a traffic survey of the city. Police Commissioner John H. Witherspoon previously testified that in Niles, he had learned that there were only 15 members of the police lodge and 100 associate members.

Dickinson also testified that Chief Michael F. Morrissej-, of the Indianapolis Police Department, said "that parking wasn't the only problem. There was gambling going on after some of the regular meetings among members of the FOP." Morrissey told him that some of the local business men had complained that these police officers owed money, Dickinson testified. Earlier in the day Probate Judge Turn to Page 3, Column 4 Red Army down from a few, sprawling fronts into many compact units, is credited largely by the best-informed military observers in the Soviet Union for the current Russian victories. During the first year of the war in Russia, the Red Army was divided into three fronts, the northwestern, western and southwestern, m-No.

3 manded by Mar-of shals Klementy Series Voroshilov, e-meon Timo-shenko and Semeon Budenny. Each was a large, unwieldy organization, difficult to control and lacking elasticity. Take, for the sake of an example, the German estimate that the the attackers followed their way up and down the city's most illustrious street." REPORT FIRES STILL BLAZING (News agency reports to Stockholm, according to the United Press, said fires still were burning in Berlin Tuesday night and that many Berlincrs were homeless. One "monumental" party building was destroyed, reports from Berlin said.) A Berlin dispatch to Die Tat of Zurich, Switzerland, described the raid as the biggest Berlin ever experienced and reported that the Hedwigsdom Cathedral, one of Berlin's most noted churches, was destroyed. "Berlin never saw an attack like this one," the dispatch said.

The night attack was the sixth in a row in the nonstop aerial offensive concentrated on German holdings in preliminaries to an officially promised Allied invasion of Europe. Around 900 tons of bombs were Turn to Page 2, Column 7 ing up the Army to meet goals it contends are dictated by military necessity. Shortly before the committee voted, it heard the further argument from CoL Lewis B. Sanders of Selective Service that the measure would not be effective unless combined with general manpower legislation. Sanders argued that "the major cause of loss of farm workers has been migration to highly-paid war industries w-hose wages cannot be met by agriculture." Meanwhile, informed officials indicated tonight that drafting of fathers would begin in many areas of the country about May 1, and that draft boards generally Turn to Page 3, Column 2 On Inside Pages Amusements 16 Bingay 6 Clapper 9 Classified 18-22 Crossword 18 Edgar Guest 6 Editorial 6 Financial 17-1S Horoscope 23 Iffy 24 Lyons 24 Merry-Go-R'd 6 Radio 23 Simpson 9 Sports 14-15 Town Crier 24 Washington 9 Women's 10-12 KEYKO MARCiARlNE on hot toast for breakfast.

Adv. STRAIGHT FROM MOSCOW Red Army Molded into Efficient Fighting Force proval of draft officials. The committee division was nine to seven with one member, Senator Rufus C. Holman, Oregon Republican, who voted for the legislation, calling it a stop-gap affair until a more permanent measure can be devised. HEARINGS BEGUN The committee began hearings today on general manpower legislation permitting drafting of both men and women, if necessary, for factory and farm work.

The first witness was Rep. James Wads-worth, New York Republican, who contended that the manpower situation now was in a muddle necessitating Congressional action. "We cannot achieve orderly distribution of manpower by means of executive orders, directives, exhortations, or threats," he declared. Holman did not indicate whether he favored Wadsworth's bill, but he obtained amendment of the measure deferring farm workers to make it expire next Dec. 31.

BANKIIEAD OFFERS BILL Senator John Bankhead, Alabama Democrat, offered the latter bill, in order, he said, to assure adequate manpower for the farms and to avoid a food shortage. The War Department opposed the bill on the ground that it should not be restricted in build BY HENRY C. CASSIDY Associated Pr Correspondent (On I from Moscow) NEW YORK, March 2 What is behind the success of the Red Army? I have been asked that question repeatedly by persons who have been successively surprised, first by the Soviet Union's resistance to Germany, then by last winter's counteroffensive from Moscow and now by the Red Army's reconquest in the Ukraine. The answer, early in the war, was that the power of the Soviet Union, its 193,000,000 people. Red This reorganization, cutting the!.