Detroit Free Press from Detroit, Michigan • Page 81

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LEADS IN PLANE BUILDING ARMY RACING BALLOON READY Flies in Yukon at 42 Below Hangar Is World's Largest Building AIRWAY LIGHTS PART FIVE ,1 x- Wtroit System Will. Connect I 5 Jer of: Exports, However, Are Not as Great as of Great Britain, or France. TVtrott FrPP Pr-iMi fltippsn. 685 National l'r-PMt it'iildm. Waahinruin.

jj. By Free Press Staff Correspondent. Washington, April 13 The United States led all other nations in production of aircraft during 1928, accordli to figures made public by the department of commerce today. Great Eritain, however, and probably France, led the United States in export of aeronautical products, the report showed. Pilot Hopes to Set Endurance and Distance Records With New Bag.

T-tr't P'1-fau. S5 V--n n.dir... wuoinn. In'. By Free Press Staff Correspondent, Washington, April 13.

The United States army hopes to break the world's endurance record and to capture the national elimination balloon races at Pittsburgh, May 4, with one ef the three special balloons now being outfitted at Lang-ley field, Virginia, It was disclosed today. An army balloon of 35,000 cubic feet gas capacity, to be piloted by Captain William Flood, attached to the headquarters of the army air corps here, is expected to remain aloft for more than ii hours, under favorable weather conditions and barring accidents. a mark would break the 47-hour world record for balloons of this class. Captain Flood said today ho expected the balloon to carry him far into A sister ship of the "Spirit of St. Louis," equipped with sklls, Is prospector in Yukon territory regular air line between and Dawson.

(urn evolved a design unlike any other I great pressures against the build T. Jr V. IghlS full 15 44 at'ery. I of unexplored territory, landing on isolated river bars with heavier cargoes of provisions than they could "mufh" in weeks and months of foot and dog team travel. John M.

Patterson, formerly a mall pilot between Cheyenne. and I'ueblo, flics the 300-mile Whitehorse-Dawsnn route on a regular schedule. When the plane Is not busy with its run. It is used for special flights to isolated regions. Two hours of flying from either Dawson or Whltehorse, in the heart of the Klondike gold country, will carry the prospectors into previously unexplored country.

The landing place Is marked when such a flight is made, a date set for return of the party, and the pilot heads toward his base. NEW PAN-AMERICAN FLIGHT IS PLANNED Trip to Rouse In terest in Aviation. New York, April 13. Thirty-four Latin-American and South American countries are on the Itinerary of a trade extension flight, the most ambitious aerial endeavor of its kind ever undertaken, which is to start next fall from Florida and end up at Birmingham, Ala. Sponsored by the American Manufacturers' Export association and financed by 40 leading civic and commercial organizations in the United States, the South American Trade Extension flight has two pur poses 1.

To demonstrate the practi cability of passenger and freight air services between the principal cities of the North and South American continents; 2. To strengthen Uncle Sam's already favorable trade position in the countries to the south. At national headquarters for the enterprise, recently opened here, W. O. Browne, organization director of the flight explained that "the advertising and publicity resulting from this venture will create a closer understanding and more Intimate relations between the United States and South American nations.

It will promote and enhance the International good will furthered by the recent South American visits of President Hoover and Colonel Lindbergh and Cool-idge's sojourn in Cuba." Lieutenant Donald C. Beatty, crack army flier, will pilot the big multi-motored, Amerlcan-bullt am-phibion, carrying a crew or five, in which the flight is to be made. From lorlda. the route will take the ship 10 iuDa, tnence to the principal trade centers along the northern and eastern coasts of South America, across the lower end of the continent, back up the west coast and through Central American and Mexico to Alabama. Six months will be required for the tour, which will be followed by an extensive aerial Journey around tha United States.

With him. Eeattv will have Leslie A. Walker, former naval flight In structor; Hobb C. Oertel, who was a member of Commander Richard E. Byrd's polar expedition; Orlin S.

Welch, photographer, and Browne, who is executive director of the southern division of the United States Air Force association. CURTISS BUYS TWO RADIO STATIONS Will Use Service for Flight Information. New York. April 13 Direct Inter communication by radio among all twenty-five airports of the Curtiss Flying Service's nation-wide chain and between the ground and planes of the passenger air transport lines to be operated by the Curtiss-Kcys aviation Interests, have been revealed as the objects back of the purchase of radio stations WRNY and W2XAL here by Chester W. Cuthell, attorney, acting for C.

M. Keys. Commenting on these radio projects. Keys pointed out that tie hook-up would also Involve the use of telegraph lines. Station WRNY.

a long-wave station, has been used for ordinary broadcasting purposes. ana fetation W2XAL, employing much shorter wave-length, has handled communications between New York and South America. "The short wave-length station." Keys said, "Is excellently adapted to bettering flying services in this part of the country. It is planned through this station to make avail-able at all fields of the Curtiss Fly ing service tnroughout the country immediate Information concerning weatner ana lacts vital to Tying. Thus, for instance.

nvon fK-in I With Both Eastern ana Western Lines. Tl-whington. April are being made by the branch of the Department of rommerce for the construction Lt th9 two new lighted all-ways and he completion or me i uiucr routes, It wa announced vlav. Th'P new airways to be lighted lfir nipht flying are the Washing ton-Cleveland route via I'lUSDurgn the Allegheny mountains ana tlhe iigntea ontinental route between pjew anl lne ciub mwin to be operated during the coming Vjmmer by both Trans-Continental Transport, ana western express. The airways where the lighting instillations are to be completed 1 re the Michigan Airways, conni-ci-I'-ir pr-troit and 12 other Michigan wun cmcaKu, nu mtl-Paro route, which will give a ghted airway from Salt Lake City Portland, Oregon.

The first section of the trans-con- flnental airway 10 oa ukiucu wm that between uanup, xv. ana fWichita, Kansas, wnicn overlaps ip section Deiween wayuunn, and Clovos, N. over which T. A. T.

passengers win I ravel by Santa trains. The new Washington-Cleveland i Irwav will provide a complete I route between Detroit and "her Michigan cities, via Cleve-I ir.d to Pittsburgh and Washington u-ht-re it will connect with the New York-Atlanta lighted airway. Work also is to start soon on the section of the Michigan Air- to be lighted, the legs between 1 oit and J3ay City and Detroit Kalamazoo. BOSTON TO IMPROVE MUNICIPAL AIRPORT Jlmmediate Expansion of Land ing Area Planned. Boston, April 13-(A.

Wil- E'lim r. ijong. chairman or me Ft nard of oark commissioners and ii part of the municipal airport, has that Hoston is Detter In regard to its airport if icilitips at the present time than community in the eastern States." Nevertheless, he expects to work ffir immediate development and xtar.sion In order to bring about n.pr utilization of the port. Mr. who has returned from i stii.lv of various airports rnrniifc-h nit the country, points out hat ni.stons airport situation Is imisiml among large cities of the ast because the landing field is iithln two miles of the center of Khe business district.

He stall's that this compares fa- JviraWv with the location of near- st airport to New York that at "ew.irk which- is nine miles from he city hall and with Buffalo's iirpnrt. which Is eight miles out Washington, Mr. Lonir asserts. now has no airport that if at pre- i fiTistactory ror commercial e. Philadelphia, he says, is sim- rly situated.

HufTalo is contem-a'mg the filling of land at the hoi edge at heavy expense. nii.nr procedure Is planned in hirnKo. IiKii.i 'liate exrmnslnn nf th land. ir end rnnRtrilptInn rtf mn muniftiation and control planned for the Boston Ih(' park department al-1 ha" preatly improved the sit-i'ii at tnn port during the last n.fo.ths by extension of run-and landing area. Improve-iiis contemplated during the fx f.w ninntlis are expected to 1 it into a class A field un-J i-, iitment of commerce spe 'a ions for size.

Defines Vocation Of Aeronautics rr-tir. 'ion of the vocation of cprtaln headings was 1 as fnllnu' Hit Ih. A4ftn In Ti Air News, in reply to 't si '-ool's auerv: Air tr-in-portation will generally personnel In the various lysiat'ns now Included under i and shipping. In trans-; by airship there must be i.mcers. including navi-r- crPW with alI th, 0 i-onnel at ntntlnn ilnni a n' transportation ther J-t 1,1 chief pilot of the craft, additional navigators or may be required as alr- '''ri pm larftpr.

There must, of fround personnel along rciehly gimilar to that loads. rvice, operations from a as air taxi, slght- nal photography, and other in- i U7S' thwt must be pilots their particular p. personnel on riving doubt. a riPid pilots ancj "Irplanes privately uipi fr enjoyment onlv. OLD SPFAlf roVirn at re rLANCS AT LE BOURGET "ppsker.

Installed building at l. Kt fiyir.g field, an-, ot airplanes number of th 'M- trom which Rrd the rart nf th 4- wWhrh about to lar.d I -w. in all direc '-q mrters of a mile away AIM, STtliEXT-EU, April 13 (A. airrort has obtained fn' training aiall. nrM mnA I arrive at 1 ,0 rrovi i.

'r schools now arrive at the field as ronsld schools now operating i Aircraft production in the united States was conservatively estimated at 4.600, wn-'reas, according to re- ejtimates. the report said, France produced 1,440, Italy 475, Germany 3o0 and Switzerland 25. Aeronautical exports from the United States last year totaled or virtually equal to the total aircraft exports from the United States in the three preceding years. Great Britain'j aeronautic exports totaled $7,434,700 as against $5,202,540 in 1927. The total of aeronaut exports from France has not been reported but it Is believed to nave exceeded the total of $8,000,000 for 1927.

A total of 162 aircraft were exported from the United States In 1D28. and their value was $1,759,653, as compared to a total of 63 air craft valued at $848,568 for 1927. The total was $96,554 greater than the total of aircraft exports for the three preceding years during which 193 planes were shipped abroad. Shipments were made to 22 countries, as tgainst 15 a year ago. Canada was the best market, taking 62 as against 26 in 1927, while Peru took 24 as against 8 in 1927, and Mexico 20 as against only one a year ago.

Latin America absorbed 75 planes, or 45 per cent of the total exports. Exports of airplane parts for 1928 reached the total of $1,240,244. a 118 per cent gain over the total of $570,117 for 1927. Canada and Soviet Russia were the principal markets for parts, while the increase of similar exports to China Increased 363 per cent Exports of airplane engines, although not showing as great an increase for the year, advanced from a total of 84 engines worth $484,875 In 1927 to 179 engines worth in 1928. GLIDER CONTEST-OPEN TO PILOTS Motored-Plane Licenses Re place Exams.

Motored pilots holding F. A. I. sporting or department of commerce licenses are assured a place in official motorless flight, it was recently announced by Edward S. Evans, president of the National Glider association.

By a ruling of the National Contest committee of the N. G. A. of which Ray Cooper of Detroit is chairman, motored pilots holding F. A.

I. sporting licenses may enter gliding contests sanctioned by the N. G. A. and pilots holding department of commerce licenses but not F.

A. I. licenses may enter glider contests sanctioned by the N. G. A.

without submitting to examinations for third and second class glider pilots' licenses. While not holding F. A. I. first class glider licenses, they are entitled to enter first class glider pilots' contests at the discretion of the local contests committee in charge of the event or events.

Local contest committees will be instructed to examine such motored pilots carefully as to their experience In and knowledge of motorless flight, particularly soaring, as It does not necessarily follow that a motored pilot can successfully soar a glider. However the rule has been liberalized because there should be no danger in a motored pilot making attempts In any form of glider, the worst that might happen being that he would not make a good showing in the contest. On the other hand. It has been Bhown by such pilots as Major Reed G. Landia, Miss Amelia Ear- hart, Eddie Stinson.

Vance Breese and others that motored pilots very quickly learn to handle a motorless airplane, particularly if willing to accept proper instructions on the subject Many of these pilots would find it very Irksome to go through the steps necessary for a beginner to get a first class license nor would any good purpose be served thereby. If experience shows that there are ob jections to this ruling, then mo tored pilots may be rated as second class pilots for gliding purposes. SOLO STUDENTS' CLUB TO BUY OWN AIRPLANE The Burns Solo Flying club, consisting of 30 members who have soloed with the Burns Flyers, was organized this week. Officers elect ed were Willard B. MacKenna, president: G.

McConnell, vice-pres ident and DeForest Alber, secre tary and treasurer. Meetings will be held at the Burns school, 312 Curtis building. The object of the club Is to pur chase co-operatively a plane for the purpose of obtaining flying hours for the members at cost It is planned to hold a dance at the Burns airport on Thursday eve ning. April 25, proceeds to be used in starting a fund for the purchase of the plane. Wales to Open Big Air Show London.

April 13 'A. The Prince of Wales plans to open the i International aero exhibition at i Olvmoia this summer. Every Inch of space has been booked by airplane manufacturers i in Great Britain. United Mates, France. Germany and Italy Seventy-five airplanes will be exhibited along with almost every type aircraft engine in use.

The Royal Aeronautical society will have an exhibit tracing the development of tying from ths earlier days, Whltehorse, Tukon, April 13. (A. Temperatures as low as 42 degrees below zero fail to keep prospectors from flying between Daw-Bon and Whltehorse In Yukon territory. 'A sister ship of the "Spirit of St. Louis," equipped with sklis instead of wheels, is providing wings for prospectors who "mushed" for days to cover a distance which the plane makes in an hour.

A special cowling protects the engine against intensely cold weather. The cabin, which often accommodates both men and dogs, is warmed by a heater connected with the engine exhaust. With the opening of the spring season, prospectors will be able to penetrate hundreds of square miles BOEING USES RADIO SYSTEM Planes Are Equipped With Phone Sets on All Passenger Routes. Telephone communications between the pilot and the ground and between planes in flight long a dream of the aeronautical world, has been perfected by Boeing System engineers to such efficiency and every-day workability that W. E.

Boeing, chairman of the companies bearing his name, today authorized publication of a report detailing methods of operation, results obtained, and announced twelve ground radiophone stations In seven states on the transcontinental air mail, express and passenger route nave been built or authorized and that thirty-five Boeing planes on mat run nave been, or will be equipped with radiophone sets. Within a few months. Boeme of flcials announced, it will be possible for pilots to talk to and hear from ground stations on the entire flight of 2,000 miles, between the Golden Gate and Lake Michigan, even when the pilot is 200 miles from a ground station and two and one-half miles above it. Company engineers declared that their pilots, with radio phone, are now In closer contact with operation headquarters than train crews whose contacts ore at stops, while pilots have continuous telephone connection. Thorp Hlscock, radio engineer for the Boeing System, who, in collaboration with equipment companies, supervised the research and test work in outlining the work necessary to bring radiophone to its present usefulness, said the benefits are so apparent that the phone serv ice can be hailed as an invention of utmost value to the development of aviation.

Ground stations, on the trans continental route, will be built, own ed and operated by Boeing System, under federal supervision. Radiophones will be supplemented by the directive radio beacon signals of dots and dashes, which aid a pilot in maintaining his course, as supplied by department of commerce network of radio stations. Results of plane-ground and plane-to-plane telephone tests, announced after months of research, test flying and experimentation In the west, revealed these positive advantages, said Mr. Hiscock. Adds much to the safety of flying; reduces number of emergency landings due to uncertainty as to weather ahead; enables pilots on regular routes to complete a larger number of scheduled trips on time; increase tha pay load of mail-express and passenger by reducing the amount of excess gasoline now carried to give pilot ample cruising radius when he Is uncertain as to weather.

Radiophone Is also of considerable value In dispatching planes and giving orders to pilots in the air. Boeing pilots are now talking with stations at all elevations up to an altitude of 12.000 feet above the earth. Strangely enough the pilot and the ground operator can each hoar the other more distinctly the higher the plane Is. It Is possible to exchange conversations at a greater elevation than 12.000 feet but Boeing experiments ended there because that Is over the maximum planes are required to fly on the transcontinental and Pacific coast routes. Boeing pilots are now being given weather reports, dispatching orders, being told at what points they can get through fog or bad weather and advised of position of other planes on their course and warned against storm zones.

Pilots on two plsnes as distant as 175 miles can phone to each other. A Boeing pilot flying east from Oak land can talk directly to a pilot flying west from Elko, Nev, anl when planes are more than 175 milps apart inter-plane communications can be phoned to a ground station, thnee relayed to another station which has speaking range with the pilot addressed, and the message will be phoned "upstairs." The 12 ground radiophone stations built, or authorized, by the Boeing System are at Oakland, Racramonto, Reno and Elko. Salt I-ake City. Utah; Rock Spring and Cheynne. Wyo North Platte and Omaha, Pes Moines and Iowa City, Iowa; Chicago municipal airport, eastern terminus of Boeing System.

Addition ground stations will be at Lincoln. and Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and later on the company will install radio- phone on its Pacific coast route, Boelr.g Sys'em planes now ny to 10.000 miles daily on the tran: continental and the Los Angeles-Seattle air mail-express and passen- Iger routes. The largest building the mind of man has yet conceived is being built today down in Ohio a building so huge that 14 football fields could be put within it and still leave room to spare a building that literally stretches Itself out over the ground when the sun beats down upon it and shrinks again when coolness comes a building that rests upon giant moving rollers instead of being firmly anchored to its foundations a building with such tremendous doors that the task of opening one of them is equal to swinging the side of an 18-story skyscraper on hinges a building so vast and hollow that a windstorm can attain cyclonic proportions within its four walls. This building is the airship factory and dock which Is being constructed by the Goodyear-Zeppelin corporation at Akron. It and the ones which are to follow it may help make America the greatest producer of Zeppelins in all the world, and may bring the rigid dirigible at last into the great place it is destined to take in the practical every-day aviation of the future.

The dirigibles to be constructed in that building will be so much larger than anything yet attempted that they will create almost a new Held. They will be nearly three times as big as that vast silver cruiser of the air, the Los Angeles, whose bulk has made half of America gasp as It floated over city after city. They will be nearly twice as big as the Graf Zeppelin, which made air history on its voyage from Germany to America and back last year. In the Akron airship factory and dock, the same broad principles of streamline construction which have marked the development of automobile bodies, speed boats and airplane fuselages has been applied to buildings. This airship factory and dock was designed by the firm of Wilbur Watson Sc Associates, of Cleveland, Ohio, under the direction of Dr.

Arnstein, and to do this, it History of THE FIRST EFFORT By the end of the eighteenth cen-i tury people had learned how to go up into the air. They had made ha loons and had gone up in them. And the motive power had been hot air and even hydrogen. But these things travelled, of course, in only one direction; they went as the wind went, and they were incapable of traveling any other way. Clearly, a steering contrivance was essential to further progress, for an airship that would only travel with the wind was of but little use.

especially during such days as the wind blew in the direction of the Atlantic ocean. And so we have a man named Blanchard, a Frenchman, who sweat many hours and during many a night devising a ship that would steer. His paper plans seemed simple and so did the balloon that was actually built It was a spherical rns to whlrh waa aunnHH usual basket and a parachute de- mi iui was supposea to act to of TO ing. Moreover, when the doors were opened they extended out on both sides, making the building roughly T-shaped and setting up eddies and aerial whirls around the doors that magnified the difficulties of getting the ships Into the hangars. lo eliminate this, Dr.

Arnstein developed several building models, all radically different in their engineering nature. Miniature models of these buildings were constructed by the Goodyear Zeppelin organization and ali of them tested out under actual working conditions through the use of the vast wind tunnel at Guggenheim wind tunnel, University of City of New York. In these tests, the superiority of the egg-shaped design was overwhelmingly demonstrated, and therefore it was determined upon for the Akron building. FOKKER BUILDS BIG NEW SHIPS Thirty-two Passengers to Be Carried in Quadruple- Engined Plane. Coincident with the opening of the All-American Aircraft show in Detroit official announcement was made by the Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America of the new giant Fokker trans-continental airliner, the 32-passenger DT 32, now under construction at Teterboro airport, Hasbrouck Heights, N.

J. Five of these planes, product of the designing and constructive genius of Anthony H. G. Fokker, are to be built for the Universal Aviation corporation. With the completion of these monster ships and six additional Fokker F-10's recently ordered.

Universal will have 21 Fokker planes in operation on its various airlines. Two actual sections of the DT 82 were exhibited at the Detroit show. Has Sleeping Quarters. The new DT 32 bears the distinction of being the first American plane built with sleeping accommodations. It will be a veritable Pullman of the air.

Upper and lower Pullman berths, each three feet wide and equipped with spring hair mattresses, will accommodate 16 sleepers. As a dayliner the big plane will carry 30 passengers and a crew of four. The Fokker super-alrllners will be monoplanes, similar In general appearance and construction to the Fokker planes made famous by the flights of the Question Mark, Commander Byrd, Amelia Earhart, the Southern Cross, the Hawaiian trans-Pacific, and others. They will, however, be much larger and equipped with four engines instead of three. The engines will be arranged in tandem pairs under the wings, on each side of the fuselage, one engine lying behind the other.

The front engine of each pair drives a three-bladed tractor propeller and the rear engine a similar pusher propeller. It is from this double tandem arrangement that the type, Fokker DT 32, is derived, the figures indicating the number of passengors carried. The most notable feature will be the passenger accommodations, no less than 34 feet, with a width of nine feet and an average height of more than eight feet, being devoted to such purpose. The two front sections will be fitted as a dayliner and the two rear ones house the berths. Each compartment or section measure 6 feet 3 Inches in length.

Two lavatory compartments, each fitted with toilet, wash basin, running water, and a kitchen with complete electric cooking installation and a steward's pantry, are provided. May Cruise 780 Miles. The DT 32, carrying maximum load, will have an average nonstop cruising range of 780 miles in six and one-half hours. Powered with either four Wright "Cyclone" engines of 620 horsepower each, or four Pratt Whitney "Hornet" engines of 510 horsepower each, these aerial Leviathans will develop a high speed of 145 miles per hour and climb 1.40O feet in the first minute. A maximum altitude of 18,000 feet can be maintained.

The wing span will be 98 feet and the overall length of the ship 65 feet. In accordance with the recently announced Fokker policy for the company's entire range of models. alx deluding the DT 32. the new type will be built to a standardized specification and supplied completely equipped with every accessory for efficient use. Standard equipment will Include complete lighting for night flying and landings.

Under the pilot's cockpit, placed high up at the forward end of the ship, a special cabin is provided for navigation equipment and com- piete radio installation for both sending and receiving. A baggage compartment is provided in the ex- ireme nose of the ship. Baggage racks, eight comfortable chairs and two folding tables are in each passenger compartment SOME LAST A WXEK. The average horn will blow times before wearing out building in the world. It has much the appearance of an egg cut In two the long way and laid flat-side against the earth.

The ends are rounded off like the ends of an egg reduce resistance to the wind, every element of roof and walls has been designed to lessen the effect the wind, and the doors are so arranged that even when opened they do not present one extra square foot to the wind. This is totally dirrerent rrom tne old hangars. They almost always had blunt ends which produced DETROIT ENTRIES FOR BALLOON RACE Four Local Pilots Enter Bags at Pittsburgh. Detroit's four entries in the national balloon races, scheduled to take place at Pittsburgh, on May 4, Include two entries by the Detroit Balloon club, and two private entries. Svend A.

Rassmussen, with Tracy Southworth as aid, will pilot one of the club bags. The other will be piloted by W. A. Klikoff, with Thorvald Larsen as aid. Edward J.

Hill and Arthur Schlosser have entered their own balloon. Hill was winner of the Gordon-Bennett international balloon race held at Detroit in 1927. Dr. George M. LeGallee, although a member of the Detroit Balloon club, will be listed as a Pittsburgh entry.

His aid will be Walter Chambers, of Pittsburgh, manager or the race. Kussell Wherrltt has been ap pointed reserve pilot for the De troit club entries. Preparatory flights will be made this week-end by Basmussen and Klikoff. Aviation STEEB A as a sort of stablizor. The unique features of the balloon were the steering rudder at the end of the basket and the aerial oars suspend ed over the sides.

But in spite of the simple theory on which this In. vention was based. It did not work Blanchard made several trips, and the balloon behaved according to custom as far as windward flight was concerned. It paid absolutely no attention to oars and rudder. But note the direction of thought stablizers.

rudders, oars; the mod- ern Zeppelins have all three; mod- ifirations. however, of these first crude attempts at steering appa ratus. Blanchard's Inventinn was a dismal failure and the Frenchman bethought him of the lack of glory It had brought him. You shall read later, though, how this same Frenchman got to be the most famous aviator ef ths day. (Next Wek "The Flrt Puoceas In Leering northeastern Canada, If everything goes well.

Ship Balloon Soon. The balloon is to be shipped next week from Langley field to the University of Pittsburgh stadium In preparation for the race, the terms of the race, that all balloons be in the field by April 28. Several new developments have been incorporated in the balloon in the attempt for a new record. Captain Flood said. For one thing, the net covering the gas envelope and supporting the banket has been eliminated and rigging bands to support the basket substituted.

In this way, more than 250 pounds of weight has been eliminated, which will be utilized for ballast enabling the balloon to remain in the air at least five hours longer than with the net supports. The elimination of the net also will avoid the danger of picking up heavy water loads in case of rain. Captain Flood said. Captain Flood also said he planned to fly the balloon with its gas supply under pressure, the appendix of the bag being closed. Instead of permitting the gas supply to valve out whenever the temper ature of the gas Is increased by atmosphere changes, the pressura of the gas will be pprmltted to rlss as high as two Inches of water ppr square Inch before It Is valved off.

This also Is expected to give longer cruising radius. Captain Flood and his aide, Lieutenant U. G. Ent, also will discard all unnecessary equipment and will not carry a radio, so that as much ballast as possible can be carried. Veteran of Races.

Captain Flood Is a veteran of two races, the elimination and International races In 1925. Lieutenant Ent was awarded the distinguished cross last year for his heroism when an army balloon In which he was riding was struck by lightning and the pilot. Lieutenant Paul Everett, was killed. The other army balloon entries will bo: No. 2.

Chanute field. B1 Captain E. W. Hill, pilot and Lieutenant Robert Heald, aide; No. Wright field, Dayton, Ohio, Liea-tenant L.

Lawson, pilot, and Lieutenant Edgar Fogelsonger, aide. EXPERT DESCIBES MAGNETO COMPASS Permalloy Used to Combat Magnetic Effect. A magneto compass, simpler, more accurate and mors reliable than any yet supplied to aviation, was described by F. P. Wills of the marine and aircraft department of the General Electric company at the aeronautical meeting of the Society of Automotive Engineers, at a recent meeting.

This new compass, which weighs but one-fifth to one-sixth as much as the present earth inductor compass, was developed in the research laboratory of the General Electria company. The decrease In weight adds, it Is estimated, at least one-half a horsepower to tha useful work of the engine. Development of the present magneto compass was undertaken at the suggestion of ntTicers of the army laboratory at Wright field. It occurred to Dr. J.

D. Tear of our research laboratory that the earths field might be IntenslBeti or concentrated by means of omi magnetic material such as Iron. But Iron has an extremely low permeability at the low magnetizing forces exerted by the earth's field. Worse still, once magnetized, it tends to retain this magnetism. It has a high coercive force.

Thes considerations led him to the nickel-iron alloys such as permalloy which have the desired properties at low flux densities. Permalloy has such a very great permeability that very small magnetizing forces Induce fairly large concentrations of flux In the metal. An1 what is even more important this stranre alloy has negligible coercive force, that is to say, when the very small mainetizing force Is removed from l-s vicinity, the magnetic flux disappears almost completely. STENOGRAPHER TAKES AIR. Kansas City, April 13.

(A. Eva Austin. 18-year-old avlatrlx, has quit stenography becauie she wrj an opportunity for women airplane INSTItl CTIO.y Ground School Atrial Navigation anJ A COMPLETE COURSE ENROLLMENTS NOW TAKE Holland Hammill Ammnrmt Diwtnbvfrt 460 CASS AVE. Aaten-i 'j' Artsl toward New York from any dt'rec- salesmen. A few weks after she tion can stop at any Curtiss Field I lcf 1 her stenographic job In Okra il-and obtain definite information as Ke'- she had hours of fly-to these conditions at New York.

lnK time to n'r crtd't- Phllsdelphia. Chicago, St. Louis and other important flying centers. The service will, of course. Involve the use of telegraph lines in combination with the radio." i Some time ago Keys proposed establishment of a radio Information service In conjunction with beginning of the operations of the Transcontinental Air Transport.

tha coast-to-coast air-rail transport system known as the "Lindbergh Line." His more recent statement that air transport lines In which he Is Interested would pos- siDiy oa included in tne servica to I be worked out for Station WRNY, is believed to relate to his former announcement concerning the. Transcontinental Air Transport..