The Capital Journal from Salem, Oregon • Page 4

ws? 1BY BECK WASHINGTON MERRY GO ROUND Things to Worry About Brass Hats Ignore Short Industrial Alcohol Supply BY DREW PEARSON Washington While the brass hats demand the drafting of men for the army, they continue to let the big distillers pour out more and more whiskey, despite the fact that the nation's industrial alcohol reserve remains dangerously low. Industrial alcohol was one of the most strategic materials of if ssgk mm mm Capital A Journal An Independent Newspaper Established 1888 GEORGE PUTNAM, Editor and Publisher ROBERT LETTS JONES, Aniitant Publisher Published every afternoon except Sunday at 444 Che-meketa Salem. Phones: Business, 8037 and 3571; Want Ads, 3571; News Room, 3572; Society Editor, 3573. Full Leased Wire Service of the Associated Press and The United Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for publication of all news dispatches credited to It or otherwise credited in this paper and also news published therein.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES: By Carrier: Weekly, ZOc; Monthly, 75c; One Tear, 19.00. By Mall In Oregon: Monthly, 60; 6 S3. 00; One Tear, $6.00. United States Outside Oregon: Monthly, 60c; Tear, t7.20. DOESN'T THIS DENTIST HAVE THE MOST CHEERFUL WAITING ROOM LOOK AT THE OAY 1 CURTAINS AM) BRIGHT COI0R5 ON THE UNI) ANO SUCH KKIT WHICH BUI INTERESTS YOU SIPS FOR SUPPER 4 Salem, Oregon, Wednesday, March 24, 1948 Rails laid 80 years ago held Hogg Pass franchise near the Cascade Summit.

Early effort and expense by Marion county to find a North Santiam route through Cascade passes happened to benefit Col. T. Egerton Hogg's railroad promotion. (Photo furnished by Hedda Swart) PAGES FROM OREGON'S PAST The Long Wait Santiam Pass Once Selected For Rail Route Over Cascades BY BEN MAXV'FLL (EDITOR'S NOTE: Here is the second of two articles on the discovery and development of what is now Santiam Pass, originally called Waldo's Pass in honor of John Waldo, Salem jurist who located It In 1880.) CHAPTER II Oregon Pacific Railroad, projected by Col. Egerton Hogg, was to extend from Yaquina across the Cascades and on to Boise.

The two percent grade through Waldo's pass was just what the railroad mn needed and thev oromDt- spokesman for the coal operators, in an effort to settle the growing coal strike last week. John L. Lewis not only stubbornly refused to back down on his demands for pensions for coal miners, but even declined to consider a compromise proposal. Lewis told Ching that his demand for a $100-a-month retirement pension for all United Mine Workers union members who are 60 years old and have worked 20 years in the mines still stands, despite operator protests that only actual employes in coal mines should be eligible for pensions. Under Lewis' plan, former miners who quit work five or ten years ago or longer would be eligible for pensions, provided they still carried a UMW card.

This would make William Green, now head of the AFL, and Phil Murray, head of the CIO, eli 1 1 for pensions, though they haven't mined coal for years. When Ching asked Lewis if he would be willing to have further discussions with Van Horn in an effort to work out their differences, the mine labor chief flatly declared: "No." "Further meetings would be a waste of time and serve no good purpose," Lewis declared. However, Conciliator Ching found the coal operators' spokes- Lman equally determined to give no ground. Meeting later with Van Horn, Ching was told that further meetings between the operators and Lewis would be useless. Ching then asked Van Horn if he would offer a compromise plan to Lewis' pension demands.

Van Horn replied that no compromise was possible as long as Lewis stood on his arbitrary demands. He did promise, however, that the operators might have something to offer in the way of compromise in about a week, when a study of the pension question, now being made for the operators by a Philadelphia firm, is completed. In other words, Van Horn informed Ching that it would be at least another week before the operators will be ready to start negotiating with Lewis. (Oopyrljht. Illll MacKENZIE'S COLUMN Behind the Iron Curtain Lt.

Col. Robert G. Emmens, one of the Doolittle fliers who bombed Tokyo and was forced down in Russian territory, who has been in Romania since December, 1944, as air repre-; sentative on the allied control commission and later as air attache to the United States legation in Bucharest, has just returned to his home city of Medford. In an interview in the Medford Mail Tribune, speaking of the effect of Soviet domination in the Balkans'Emmens said 1 "It simply is not within the scope of the American mind to realize the hopelessness and despair of those people if you have not seen it. Americans absolutely do not know what Sovietism means.

If the so-called communists of this country could really know what Soviet communism is exactly like they would be heartily ashamed of themselves." He added; i "When Soviet control is established the people are reduced to the status of mere machines serving the No initiative is permitted. Private business and property are confiscated. In- flation is deliberately brought on. That's what I've seen in Rumania. If I talked all day I couldn't make you realize how ter- rible conditions are." Col.

Emmens gained his knowledge of how Russia does things when his plane was forced down in Siberia after the Doolittle raid on Japan. During his 15 months as a Russian prisoner he studied the Russian language and supplemented it further in Romania. He left Bucharest last month. In order to keep our way of life, Col. Emmens believes there should be an all-out educational campaign to impress on Americans what it would mean over here should the com-: mies ever gain control.

"Believe me, it would not be what communist followers here think it would. For one thing, the leaders and workers used in the initial stage are the first ones to 'disappear' when the propaganda stage is over. Their i usefulness would be ended." 5 Explaining the Indoctrination methods which he had observed, the officer said small children in school were influenced by such methods as having to "pray" for their lunches. No food was forth-' coming when their supplications were addressed to God, but was brought by the teacher when the children obeyed instructions to ask for the food in Stalin's name. i.

Tax' Cutting Indicates War Remote The Oregonian pictures President Truman as the modern King Canute sitting on the seashore in the veto chair defying the oncoming breakers of the house and senate's cut in in-' come taxes. In this, however, Mr. Truman cannot be said to be playing i politics for votes because any tax slash is popular and opposi-; tion unpopular. The chief executive stands pat because tax reduction presupposes an era of peace, and the critical crisis In which the nation finds itself in foreign affairs does not assure peace, he is said to believe. With billions being voted for economic and military aid to European and Oriental democratic nations for rehabilitation and to check the aggression of Russia and its communistic satellites in the Soviet "cold war" to control the world, the president has held it is no time to cut taxes, i With other billions being voted to strengthen our own defenses as preventative of war, with the necessity of re- BY DON Congress has finally passed a looks as though there's enough may be attached.

This is the country has had anywhere for so long it seems more like a mirage or a dream to read about it than something attached to reality. Taxes have been soaring not only from the federal angle but all Don UJti down the line through state, county, city, school districts and even dog license fees have doubled during the last few years. In fact, there's nothing much left on the goose but pin feathers. But the taxpayer doesn't want to get too hopped up about the rift in the loot. The same old gang is lurking in the background ready to take not only the feathers but the hide and all unless he keeps his wits about him.

But maybe for one year, anyway, there'll be enough left to buy at least one Christmas gift for the family. Folks who kick about the stench from around the Center street bridge in the summer and sneak over to the coast to get away from it might consider the case of Seaside and its whale and be reminded that the land of cheese and ocean breeze isn't always a good place to run to for ozone. However, we understand that with modern science and a bulldozer the case of the whale has been made a closed chapter at Seaside. But we can help ruminate, maybe it was a good thing for Jonah he lived when he did or a bulldozer might have leveled him off. Leaving the house early this a.m., we heard rustling in the leaves of some low growing shrubbery and then saw something sneaking away which looked suspiciously like a bunny rabbit which reminded us that the time is at hand for the little fellow to get busy with his annual egg laying if the kids are going to, be satisfied come Sunday.

Yea there's two things we've never been able to figure out since old enough to know anything and those are, STORIES IN LIFE the late war, being used in producing synthetic rub ber, chemic a 1 insecticides, TNT and munitions. In fact, industrial alcohol was considered so essential that more than 000,000 gallons were stockpiled Drtw PtrB in the year 1943 alone. Today, however, only about 21,000,000 gallons of industrial alcohol are stockpiled enough to last 10 short days if war should break. While the big distillers are ignoring Truman's plea for voluntary rationing by adding to the already groaning supplies of whiskey in warehouses, the ar my and navy munitions board is doing absolutely nothing about stockpiling industrial alcohol for defense. Real fact is' that we face a worse industrial alcohol shortage, In event of an emergency, than before the last war because at that time we had a big grain surplus.

Now we have virtually no grain surplus, with foreign aid taking about all we can spv i. Meanwhile, the brass hat-' controlled munitions board hasn't even bothered to put industrial alcohol on its list of "strategic and critical materials." TRUMAN GETS OFFER President Truman has already been offered another job if the voters retire him in November. The Job was offered him by William McKinley Floyd of Unalaska, Alaska, who is national commander of the Regular Veterans association, a small organization with about 85,000 members in the United States and its territories. Floyd informed Truman that he was retiring as national commander and then had nerve enough to add: "I'm out after a good successor and am sure you can be elected if I place your name in the nominations. The political fates are sometimes unkind and if you should be out of a job in November, this would be a good place for you to land.

"The position lias security it's steady," continued the Regu lar Veterans chief. "I've held it for five years. Who knows, it might turn into a lifetime job for you." Truman looked a little flabbergasted. Then he grinned. "Thanks very much," he chuckled, "but I'll have to refuse the nomination.

I'm going to be very busy on other matters." AIRPLANE MATERIALS CONTROL President Truman has just re ceived a blunt warning from William M. Allen, president of the Boeing Aircraft company, that the government must rein-stitute allocations of key materials, such as aluminum, if the U.S.A. is to build airplanes for future emergencies. Allen, who was accompanied to the White House by Sen. Warren Magnuson of Washington, told Truman that his company now is producing a super successor to the B-29, known as the B-50, at the rate of seven planes a month.

The new planes can outstrip both the 3200-mile range of the B-29 and its 350-mile-an-hour speed. Boeing is also testing a new jet bomber of revolutionary speed and range. But, Allen told the president: "We can't begin turning out these new planes in any quantity unless there are allocations of the materials needed to produce them, so we can plan out production schedules at least six months ahead. "We can gear up our production of B-SO's right how to 40 a month, but not without material allocations." Truman replied that he was pleased to learn of the new rev olutionary planes, but sidestep ped a commitment on controlling strategic materials. Instead, he reminded his callers that the B-50 pointed up the need for universal military training and selective service.

"I realize the' importance of air power," the president declared, "but that alone is not the answer. We must have an Integrated and well-rounded system of all three services land, sea, and air. "We still can't do without ground troops. To show you what I mean, that new B-50 you are making probably win require triple the ground crew of the B-29." HARD-HEADED NEGOTIATORS Here's the Inside story of what happened when hard working Federal Conciliator Cyrus Chlng met with John L. Lewis and Ezra Van Horn, UN Faces Blackest Days But Isn't Quitting Yet BY FRANCIS W.

CARPENTURE tdy lr DtWHt MmXbi, Lake Success, March 24 Don't count the United Nations out yet. That is the opinion expressed by United Nations leaders and the wilderness would not be stilled. In 1913 Hedda Swart, now county engineer, and five others were engaged to make a county trail survey between Niagara and Detroit. This six-foot trail was built to the delight of sportsmen and vacationists used to rugged going. Then, in 1921, a survey was made for a county road 40 feet in width between the communities.

Finally, on October 23, 1923, a cooperative agreement was signed between the department of agriculture and Marion county for construction of a 13-mile road that would permit folks at Detroit to buy puddle Jumpers and drive them to Niagara if they were Judicious about passing at narrow places. Specifications called for an eight-foot roadway on sidehills and 12 feet at turnpikes. The contractor, elated with 90 cents a yard for excavation, weni: broke because he had to keep the railroad below construction, and following the easy grade, in repair and open. Bondsmen finished the project. When completed, the road was slow, narrow and dangerous.

It was a passable road to Detroit, though no one then seriously considered It a link in a future highway over the Cascade summit. Vacationists enjoyed the North Santiam country but they dreaded the road to Detroit. Some proposed spending large sums to make the road easier and safer. Then came the project for a huge flood control dani at Detroit and the determination of Linn county to build a South Santiam highway between Albany and Bend. Prudence suggested that it would be better to spend county money in an extension of the North Santiam highway to a junction with the Linn county route than to rebuild extensively the road between Niagara and Detroit and then lose it if the Detroit dam became i reall- ty and the region deeply flooded, Surveys for an extension of the North Santiam to a junction with the South Santiam highway near Lost lake were agreed upon In September 1929.

A cooperative agreement be-tween the county and authorities for this construction 1 was signed in 1931. Men and supplies were easily available in those depression times and contractors pushed the job to rapid completion. Sixty years after the first survey was made Uncle Johnny Minto's dream became a reality. A route for vehicles following the North Santiam was open between the country of the Calapooyias and the Wasco-pams. (THE END) establishing a limited draft of military manpower and uni-; vernal training of reserves, it would seen that tax-cutting, even if voted, is likely to be rescinded if war materializes.

Congress is acting on the assumption that war is not near. If war comes the taxes will have to be boosted overnight. The pressure demand for relief for tax reduction is son, for even taxes in peace time become a form of punish- ly established themselves there. A mile of track was laid and a boxcar placed upon it. Each year a mule dragged the car over the track and the railroad maintained its franchise.

When the company accepted receivership in 1890 no locomotive had yet chuffed through the pass. Rails Hogg laid there were visible in the.l930's. And Uncle Johnny Minto lived on to point out that the railroad company appropriated fully 50 percent of the original survey between Mill City and the summit made and paid for by Marion county. Detroit was named in recognition of a man from Michigan who established a house of entertainment there, probably during railroad construction times. The railroad had appropriated the easy route to Detroit.

No county court was eager to build a wagon road through the rugged North Santiam gorge beyond Niagara. But that voice in cholera epidemic In Egypt last October through the world health organization, sending a supply of vaccine to halt the disease. A world conference on free dom of information, intended to study obstacles to the free flow of information, has just opened in Geneva. Leaders here feel that a lot of hard and patient work has gone into putting the UN where it is now. Political difficulties have grabbeu spotlight but the delegates! say that much honest-to-goodness work for the benefi'.

of humanity has been done in quiet committee rooms. Times are dark at this stage. But these leaders feel that "infinite patience" is required now. Some even say that it will be a miracle if the ultimate goal of the UN is achieved "in my lifetime, or yours." Double Death Pittsburgh W) Two spinster sisters, one 78 and the other 75, died within 15 hours of each other while sitting in the same rocking chair. The elder of the two sisters, Emily Tate, died yesterday of pneumonia while her sister, Mathilda, nursed her.

A deputy coroner calling at the home later for funeral data, found Mathilda slumped in the chair, dead of a heart attack. AT YOIR TAVERN Enjoy me light, buoy ant flavor of Columbia ment for enterprise, thrift and creative ability, Tax reduction is declared needed to protect the nation UPJOHN bill to cut the income tax and it votes to override any veto that first break any taxpayer in this how Santa is able to slip down every chimney everywhere on Christmas eve and how the bunny rabbit is able to lay eggs in every yard everywhere on Easter morning. Judge Bill Crawford has met our recent challenge as to the shiny candidates' cards which have no utility other than to carry their pictures and self serving declarations. We have through the mail one of his cards as a candidate for municipal Judge and it's printed on letter sized paper, soft and easy to the touch of pencil or pen. If enough of the candidates fal) in line we'll have our stationery problems solved for a year.

COLLEGE ADVICE: Young People Encouraged To Date More Bowling Green, O. (U.R) i Parents should help build standards to replace "chaos" in dating, a Bowling Green State University dating expert believes. Dr. S. Harman Lowrie, who teaches the only American college course exclusively devoted to dating, urges parents to pdint out "reasonable, rational" bases of choosing a mate and to provide counseling and guidance.

"Too many parents are afraid to talk sex with their children," Dr. Lowrie says. "When they do talk, often they don't know what to say." Young people, the sociologist adds, need to be encouraged to date, for those who do date learn to get along with other people, develop richer and more wholesome personalities, gain poise and balance, become less emotional, judge the opposite sex better and have a wider choice In the selection of a mate. schools and parents take too little interest in dating and the standards of dating." Dr. Lowrie adds.

velt first entered office. In fact Hackie was the first woman permitted to work the White House switchboard. Before her time, the operators were men. Until FDR brought her to Washington in 1933, the White House operated on' the simple theory that all women were blabber-mouths not to be trusted with the big secrets that flow through the White House telephones every day. Miss Hachmeister.

who keeps her pert figure by walking more than three miles to work each morning, is a bottomless well when lt comes to secrets. In the first place, she scoffs at the mere idea that she knows anything hush-hush. The number of people who can the President on the telephone merely by telling their name and then asking for him, lt imall. In fact, It probably Is confined to members of his Immediate family. During working hours, even the calls from cabinet members usually are relayed first to a secretary to the President before being put on the extension of the chief executive.

After office hours, the switchboard operators have to use a lot of Judgment about calls for the President, checking first with the usher's office before disturbing Mr. Truman. Obvious crank calls are usually transferred to a Secret Service agent. against depression and increase production by providing risk capital for free enterprise. Unless such capital is avail Hackie, White House 'Phone Chief, Is Woman Who Keeps Secrets BY MERRIMAN SMITH a'nlte rreii While Ham Rfpnrter) Washington U.R) The operators on the.

White House telephone switchboard hate to see a rainy day. Not that the White House roof has holes in it. able from private sources, tne government must iurnisn leading to state socialism and the police state one of the great objectives of the radicals who desire to create the chaos from which communism arises. It is in the realms of possibility that the president will not veto the tax cut which is sure to pass over the veto. It would be politically unwise for Mr.

Truman to go contrary to the wishes of his party and if the crisis in world affairs is not materially changed by that time the cut goes into effect, he may approve the slash. Two Steps and Two Fundamentals One step forward has been taken in the renewed drive to stop accidents at railroad crossings in the Salem area. The city council has acted to put up stop-signs at 10 Southern Pacific grade crossings. The next step will be to negotiate with the "Friendly Rail- road" for automatic warning signals. There is no question that these steps, if completed, will benefit the driving public.

However, there can be no substitute for two fundamental corrective measures: passes at key crossings and drivers heeding the long-standing advice at crossings of "Stop, Look and Listen." delegates two years after the se curity council held Its first meeting in America. The actual anniversary is tomorrow. The UN now is going through its blackest days, but no responsible leader here, from Secretary-General Trygve Lie on down, and responsible delegate shows any sign of throwing up his hands and quitting. The overriding concern is the split between the Slav countries, led by Russia, and the western powers chiefly the United States, Britain and France. None of the big powers, especially Russia, is showing any letup in interest.

In the 1947 general assembly several delegates complained that the world apparently expected the UN to establisn peace. They pointed out that the IN was not built to make the peace after World War II. The UN, they said, Is intended to preserve peace once the big powers have agreed upon it. Some delegates consider that the top achievement of the security council during its two years in America came in the Indonesian case. The council and its good of-ficej committee succeeded in stopping serious, fighting in Indonesia.

There still is no agreement on control of atomic energy, in the Balkans case, in Korea, in the Egyptian complaint against Britain, and other top Items cn the security council's list of headaches. The greatest strain now comes from the Palestine partition controversy and the Russian-Western battle over Czechoslovakia. Those issues still are far from being settled. Most of the UN accomplishments have been in the economic field. The economic and social council has approved three economic commissions one for Europe, another for the Far East, and a third for Latin America.

An economic commission for the Middle East is in the mill. The largest trade conference in history, meeting at Havana under UN auspices, is setting up a new UN agency for bettering world trade. The UN took hand In the OHIO LIBRARIAN CLAIMS: We Use 'Ox House' Language Cincinnati W) It may come as a surprise but if our word "alphabet" Is to be believed, we are using the "ox house" system of writing. "Our alphabet descends from "The second picture sign was A bad day outside, however, means that lots of children have to spend the day indoors. And when Mother goes to the grocery, Junior sits around twiddling 1 thumbs with nothing much to do.

Mtrrlman Smith 1 a 1 1 he gets the bright idea and grabs the telephone book. He knows very well that the President lives in the White House. He looks up the number and finds NATIONAL 1414. A few seconds later one of the trunk lines on the board at the White House lights up. A childish voice pipes, "I wanna apeak to the President." The operators get so many such calls that they can detect the voice of a curious child immediately.

Louisa Hachmeis-ter, the chief operator for the President, has her squelch, time-tested and Infallible. "Put your mother on the line and I'll ask her If It's all right," Hackle tells the kids. Invariably they hang up Immediately. Hackie is an energetic, cheery voiced New Yorker who has been the No. 1 "hello girl" at the White House since 1933, when the late President Roose IN YOIR HOME Ala mat outsells horn all) ancient Egypt of some 8,000 years ago by way of the Semitic people of the Sinai Peninsula," ays Dr.

Edward A. Henry, Unl- versity of Cincinnati librarian and authority on the history of writing and printing. "Phoenician tailors carried this alphabet to the Aegean basin and the Greek people of that area. These Semitic peo-; pie used as their first written i character the picture ef an ox head which' was called the Semitic word for ox. "The picture itself was very early conventionalized, so that when the Greeks took It over as their letter alpha, they did not know it was the word for ox, but from this arose our tetter 'A.

that of a house which was called the Semitic word for house. The sign, conventionalized, became the Greek beta and our "Hence It appears that our word alphabet really means the ox house system of writing." Hayride Klrkville, la. W)When a team belonging to Clarence Thomas and sons ran away with a load of hay, several things happened, none of them good. The team ran Into a light pole, It (napped off. A live wire fell on one of the horses.

The horse was electrocuted and the hay caught fire. The Thomases saved the other horse and part of the hay. DISTRIBUTED IN SALEM BY GIDEON ITOLZ DISTRIBUTING CO. I-.