Edwardsville Spectator from Edwardsville, Illinois • 1

PUHLIHHKP WKKRLY, BY HOOPER WARREN. Trr-nn of subs, pe ijy tiih'nncr. Subscribers wbn ilo not this condi'-ioii will be churned at the of g4 per annum. A to notice of vv, to ie end oft acli term ill considered as a new i sagt rnent. No paper to be discontinue iim1 at the ootinn id the Editor) until ail arrearages shall Lave been paid.

Aim senior not eACcediuir a square, will sorted at Si 'or fir.st,aiul50ce os for one it ibioqm.nl insertion. Linger adverliseloei. Mil the bame proportion. CO Letters to the Editor must be post paid v.vir:erttuu.. From til 11 ioil Ccntiiiel.

-Yew- York. Oct. 1822. Mr. Russei.i..

the A the I61.1 you mention my raising Cotton, but ilint I bad been making porinietits fur several years. This is a mistake, which I suppose was grounded on an article published hen: on the subject. This is ihe first year of my attempting it. I herewith send you aamfilrs of my Cotton, some of which has been gathered four weeks. I also send you some ul the Yellow Sioux- Corn, which is prductive, anil very early, and as the seasons with you are short, I runcene it will be inestimable.

I have planted two years, and find it earlier than any other of its size. I was favored wch three kernels oi Corn, srui from the Council by Col Atkinson to (i Clinton It is nut very early, but die ears are uncommonly tong, whit fi you ill by the Car which I send you. inthur i. h-s any qti us ion wit. reby it be deemed profitable, 1 cann-t say, as I have not raised enough to determine that poi I btlt perhaps the ruiious in your vicinity Will give it a fair trial.

From tile small yellow corn, known with you. by the name of the Canada Col'll. I ha re the third croft of the fire teat teuton now growing in my garden, vias hum the firscrop, wliico produced the second, and from the second, which produced the third. I am, sir, your oh', s-rvant, PARKER." tfj- Mr. Parker resides at K.

anti lias been actively several sea- irs in making experiments, with great st.cress, tor the imprm eiiuuit of Horticulture. It is stated, that in the course of eight years, that the price of Cotton at Lirerp.i ii, has fallen Irani 3 pence steiliti, 10 8 pence. It still, however, we are lold, affut'ds a profit. ib. Tiie Cattle Show and Fa'r in ohl II was a splendid Agricultural Manufacturing The account of it occupies nearly seven columns of the last paper.

166 premiums were awarded; 70 Which were to ladies. ib. Beach Grass. Tiie Charleston Agrtclihurul Socit ty have passed a solution to'procure from issafhusetts (Cape Cud) some plants of t'le Beach ana to attempt its cultivation on the sea boani as a defence oi the soil against the effects of the tides and storms. ib.

From the Massachusetts Spy. Mr. that an essential iuiprove iie it might be made in the breed of swine this vicinity, I have turnerl attention to this object. I luivi bred from the first quality of our native Stock; but have found tiie produce variant and uncertain in form, size, and. propensity some improved, and others deteriorated.

I have crossed with more reputable breeds ml did not obtain that fleshy form and disposition to fatten upon light keeping, most valuable to farmers who supply the market, and families who supply themselves. In 1820, I examined the pens of Mr. John Reed, of Koxbury, who, bv toe agency of Cal. Pickering, had procured a breed from England. As he was raising and fattening upon a large establishment having, as estimated, 13 tons preparing for market, I had an iporlunity viewing them in their various stages.

From their appearance and his account oi them, I was satisfied of their excellence, and obtained the kind. One ol the kind was exhibited at our last Cattle Snow by Mr. Gleason, who obtained the first premium. It being suggested by the Cummittce Meat Stock, the last year, that the bi eed might be improved by crossing wi'ii a coarser kind, I wrote to Mr. Reed the subject, and received the followr ing statement I have often tried the of crossing with a coarser breed of hogs, and as often found my hogs to degenerate; hut when I have crossed with small-boned hogs, it has answered well.

My hogs are of the breed, so called in England; and experience has proved, te my satisfaction, that this breed is far the best that has been introduced into our country. They are quiet in their nature, fat easy, and witn little expense or trouble. I have had sorno weigh, at 12 months old, about 340 and a considerable I number, at IS months old, 400 I have distributed two litters of the kind, and have the lliiid now re.vlv for disposal. O. FIXkE.

II c.netter, Oct. 28, 1822. FRANKLIN, (MO.) NOV. Several boats have left thh place within a fe days past, for Xcw-Orleans, laden with various productions of the country. The present rise of the river is particularly favorable to their progress, and there is little doubt hot lie will have a sale passage and an excellent market Intel.

Cotton. A wagon load of excellent ricaic Cotton, raised in this county, was brought into Franklin week, and S'd i i.i lots lur ten cents fi tunrl. Last set.sou this article was imported by the men hams, and sold for 25 cents per in. Illinois Legi siatu re. From the Illinois lutelligenger.

of refuf.srn i a es. Wednesday, Dec. 4. The Speaker laid before the House certain documents relating to the contested election of Nicholas Hansen returned as a member front the county ol Pike, which were read. On motion of Mr.

Mather, lienaivedy That, (if the Honorable the Senate concur herein) the two houses will proceed at half past three ttries d-y, in the representative Hull, count the votes for G.iveruot a LieutcjKmi i tve-iTior. Resolved, That the clerk inform the Senate thereof. The honorable the Senate, proceeded by their Speaker pro tempore, attended in chi Representative Hail at half pas; three when the voles for Governor and Lieutenant Gorermr opened and counted in of both Houses, whereupon it appeared that, i Governor, Ed word Coles had votes; Joseph 2.75) votes; Phovnas i Browne, .1 15. Moore, 532. Gov Adolphus F.

Hubfejrd 3,181 v-tes; James LetTten, jr. 6 Join G. Lofton, 1,469 William xnd James U. Peacock, 49. The Speaker dictared F.nv.

AhD Coi.ks duly elected Governor of 'die State of Iliinoi-, for the enduin'? four years, and Aoolhhus F. Hub baud Lieutenant Governor. Tire Senate then withdrew, Thursday, Dec. 5. Thp following committees were appointed pursuant to a rule of the On the Logan, Widen, On Mather, II, Will, and On Propositions and Messrs.

rtio re, Simms, Churchill, anti Ml 1 ntush. On Mmi-oc, Ford, Campbell, itmwood, and Alexander, ol Pope. On Disk-mail, Pugh, Berry, Trosier, ind M-Ft-tr-m. On Internal West, Hansen, Emmiil, Casey, anti MlGBiey. The documents re Lit into (lie contested lection of Nicholas Hansen were rtdi.rrcd to the committee on elections.

On 'his day, His Excellency Coles, and the Honorable F. iluuHAUu, Lieutenant in the ptesenci of both Houses, tool: the oaths of office; and Governor Coles delivered the following SPEECH. Fellow Citizens of the Senate arid of tin; House of Representatives On this first occasion of meeting you, it wei.ld be a just reproach to me, were I not to express nry profound acknowledgements to the people of Illinois for their mark of confidence in the executive trust to me. It will be my study as it certainly is my duty, to justify as far as possible their favorable opinion, as by a strict observance of the constitution and laws, by a watchful attention to guard against abuses herever they may be under-my control, and by making it my constant endeavor to consult and promote the best interests ol the State. If these sentiments and views could secure me against the danger of errors and deficiencies in the discharge of my trust, I feel that I should have no necessity to ask the indulgence of my constituents in pronouncing on the course of my public conduct.

But I am too conscious of the inadequacy it my abilities and experience to the high and new functions to which I am called not to throw myself on your and their candor and liberality in construing the tenor of my administration, whose only merit most be its conscientious aim to mamtain the rights of individuals, and the good of the community. It affords me great pleasure to be able to congratulate you on the high degree of prosperity which, notwithstanding some unpleasant features, the face of our country, both national and local, continues to present. Let us never lorget how much ol this prosperity we owe the blessings of a government, founded on the unalienable and indefeasible ights of man, and so framed as tote kept in regular responsibility to those over whom and for hose benefit it is to te exert iscil. By these great principles, in heir full cxj tent, our free'institutions are distinguished from allothrrsystems of government now existing and to these principles we owe tire success which has so far distinguished our condition from that of any other people. For it may well be asked where country can be found in which the laws are so equal, the burdens si light, the common actions ol lile so little trammeled, the conscience so free, she authorities of religion more respected, or the numbrr and piety of its teachers more worthy of commendation or finally an American aecc! biusli r.t a comparison ol the imelltence ami virtue ol those who exercise rfowc.r, or those who tire under it.

In lar.icular ho mav surely exult in a cctnpanson as to all the qualifications foi administering the affairs of a nation, between those who have en advanced to them by he suffrages of a lice people, and those who have succeeded to by heiiJiiary claims. Whilst we bestow these just praises on the political system which uc live, one ol our first duties tj keep in mind thm its preservatiiii ran be no otherwise seeured then by cultivating in toe it! of the society lliger.ce and virtue on whit such a srsieni rests. nu is no recommendation, therefore, more due frotTt my alien that ol a compel- rit provision lor me nlur.ition "I and mireeeding ut-raiiians in acvtrat bran l.es ol useful knowledge, and for maintaining the public morals in their requisite ptiri'y and i rust the subject viili be thought by Jturr to merit all the attention i for r. it in midst of the general causes licitatinn to which I hair alluded, it bn ad'tiit'ed that the rapid ti le ol onr prospeiity loss hern not only impeded occasion illy bv h- iic is of foreign powers, t' by tin- err rs of our domestic lolicy, and thus- vicissitudes of fortune to which communities rs well us individuals are most striking I stae. has been ft 'i in the late and deranged sta of rirculattr.g which hci productive of much ihrunpbmit the Union, and bus in an caper in i manna; eiicr kerl the propriety of tins section of it no other section fr the mania for hanking been so a nor the (rain of inseparable from its excesses bt-cn so i j11ri us.

as that in which ue reside. me after Suite neglected 10 profit by the experience of hers, lias adopted dir delusive nf attempting to relicv; the community from pecuniary i mb rrassmrtvs, transient perhaps in duration, by sor i to a course of poii the flee of which invariably lias been to in. reuse the evil it was intended remove. belr-ves Illinois, who has been tempted to follow the example of h'r neighbors, profit by their experience, and to restore, as soon as she can, currency of the Shite to the fixed and universal standard of go 11 and silver, or suit be equivalent to them behoving as she must, those are the great desidtram in a sound currenev. A cuirency changeable in value can form no standard for the value of other tilings and ef course fads in its object, in as much as it is always operating inpii ionsly and unjuilly in the dis barge ol debts, by a greater or less amount, intrinsically, than was contracted for.

hbitertaining ilmse virus of the policy of tin-. Stale, I conceive it to be my duty to express them to the Legislature, and to recommend to its serious consideration the propriety of an examination of the codings of tbit State ll uik and Branches, and of restoring a sound currenev as soon as practicable by requiring o( the Bank a strict with that provision of its charter which enjoins tha annual repayment of rmle.tith of the amount of capital loaned, which, together with other sums repaid to the Bank, should be annihilated. It is to the. building up of corporate bodies with ticli'iou, capitals, and the tempting with which loans have been obtained that we are chiefly to ascribe our pecuniary difficulties and it is not by continuing that course of poli- cy that we can be relieved. It must be by relying on our own resources, on our industry and economy.

In so do-! iiig we must take into view the change which has taken place in the circumstances of the country, which cal! for a i corresponding change in our habits and pursuits. A few years since the whole produce of the country was required to supply the wants of the emigrants to it; but the productions of the country having greatly increased with the increase of population, and emigration having been considerably checked, by the difficulty of making sales ol property preparatory to removal, there is now no longer at home a demand at all proportionate to the amount of the produce grown the consequence is that we or I compelled to seek at a distance a market tor the surplus productions of our soil. The stagnation in trade, arising from the want ol demand, which prevailed between the loss of the home market, arid the finding of a distant one, has been sensibly IVIt. Hut the profits realized by 1 our citizens Irotn the shipments down the Mississippi, during the hist season, hold out flattering encouragement for the future. Ilding situated in advance of the States lying in the great valley of the Ohio, and being contiguous to better ni'i igable stream, Illinois has greatly the advantage ol them in supplying early markets of the country bordering ou the lower Mississippi, and the West India Islands.

I submit to the consideration of the Legislature How ir facilities and encouragements can be afforded tu Ctur citizens to avail oi great highway to the markets of the world. The Agricultural Society of the State has made laudable efforts to advance the great interests of agriculture and manufactures; hut its means tire too limited tu effect mui I I ask the consideration nl the Legislature as to the propriety of affording the Society i's countenance and support, in erfcrimg the great ui.d praiseworthy ohjec's of its institution. That of manufactures seems to he entitled to die particular attention of the Legislature, as they may not only contribute to the wealth independence of the community, but by creating a domestic market tor the produce cl the soil, Uc a source of encouragement to its cultivators. uilst the Legislature has attention lira on io the consideration the measures best calculated to develop and bring into active operation the nsources of the Stale, it will nut, I sure, overlook the great advantages which would result from connectiug by navigable channels the waters of the Mississippi with tl. ijc of the great Not the: i alicr.

It iii recvllvctod that Stats of New-Y-ji is now aclively engage 1, and has made considerable pregress cutting a canal connecting the great lakes with the tide vatcr of Hudson river a wai It which considered either in relation to the means required to effect it, or the great his soiling from it. will reflect tughe honor on wisdeui and enter- prize oi ihat greet and viuurishing S'a'e. It is Illinois will not he bui kwatd in performing- her part in that great na- I uncvrukuig, which connects tue city el Netr-Yurk a ith New-Oi leans, by so interior coiiinun.icu’.ion tlirongh tl.tt llililson, tin. Lakes. 1.111I tnc Mississippi, fhe advantages of sucit a communication vviil be incaf tilai'ly great, not only this Slate, through which it will but to the Unii generally.

It will the SaluU.y eff. Ct cf connecting and stnalgatiiaiiiq; interest of reiuoic sections of onr.iiappy thing very dear to 1 it hj-rt of every American patriot. It w. 1 open a channel through which will a rapid current of population and wealth to this State; a cheap and itpeditioiis inv ya.ice, renicve most of those intooveniencies ari-ing from our interior sit at ton. It trill greatly enlarge the ircle of lommerce, ana give us a 1 of markets; and a hat will be of grc.1 quence, relieve us from the r.ccesii'y we ire now under of lasing ta market Our bread stuffs, suited proi isious, furs and peltries, at present our chid articles ol ex rtation, through a tropical Innate, during the warm seasons 01 the year.

urc has bountifully provided li limns with two channels of coinn.unication between the waters of the Mississippi and those of the great Lakes, neithet of which requires much labor to make navigable. The Illinois river which falls directly into the great mother and front i's uniform depth of water and gentle current, affords the lies' navigation of all its tri.iutarias. approaches within a few miles of Lake Michigan; and as the intervening surface is unusually level, and the earth of light and friable lex tore, a canal could lie excavated at a small expense. The Wabash river also approaches within a few miles ofthe Mauuii, a navigable ri-1 ver which fells into Lake Erie. From the Ik st information which has been obtained ot the distance, surface, anti texture of the earth through which it would be necessary to rut a canal to connect the navigation ofthe Wabash yd Mau- mi, it is believed that it won id not require a large stun to effect the object.

This canal, however, wo'Id be wilnin the limits of the Slate of Indiana. li it as the Wabash vi er forms the boundary for a cu- sideniLde distance, and equally owned by Illinois and Indiana, both Slates hnve a mutual interest in improving its navigation, and connecting it with the Lakes. The comtminicafion through the Illinois river into Lake Michigan would be mure circuitous to the Atlantic sea-board than that through the Wabash into Lake Erie; but then it would be less suajt ct to obstructions in the autumnal months in the river navigation; these however could at a comparatively small expense he icmuvcd, aril the Inmn. Is uf tue Ohio and Wabash deep; il. so as to have a sufficient depth of water at all seasons of the year lor the passage of boats.

These internal improvements Heeled, and Illinois ould soon rise to her proper rank, in wealth, in population, and the facilities of commercial interi oursi. Ii is hoped that the. Legislature will see the propriety of opening, as soon as possible, these great commercial of nature. Let it not be said that the. is new, and has not as yet the means of effecting so great an undertaking.

Il Illinois has not now the necessary means speedily to complete the work, she has enough to commence it; and economy and judicious arrangemeins will soon afford Iter the means of cvf.iipleting it. It should be borne id luli'id, that, with a sell at know leiigeil to he more gem rally fertile than ihvt ol any of the oliie I'liriois is pusst ssid of more abundant resources than any of the in States. The Salines granted to her hy the United States are more productive than those granted to any other State; and the three millions of at res of land gi anted to the soldiers oi the late war, as military bounties, though they lor a certain time i upcilrtbr sedlereect and prosperity of the Stale, Irmn tiie ircumsUiii of their being own. in large quantitiis by uon-n sulcnt purchasers, will have the immediate ef1 oi increasing the revenue fium taxable lands. As two sources uf revenue, ai more than fall 'O the lot ol other ov a'-s, there scums to a great in paling them to the great work of intcrn.d tins o.

pettdit of cr tl udipinisu-ntion of tlni State, to hr me', as in other States, hy ordinary taxation. The Union being deep'y interested in the success ol the undertaking, Illinois has a tight expect the a ststance ol the l'Ydera1 Government in opening the prerased cn mection between the Lakes amt the Mississippi. It has been seen however, with int, tl.it in the act passed on this stdiject. Coring the last session el Congress, little or nothing was granted, and much join'd from the act referred to only gave to the re to cut a cand through the public lands r.n meeting tlie i llinots river dtitli Lake Michigan, end riving tori' brc.d.li of the anal, and ninety fact on ev il side of it. A a for tics permission, and very small grant land, it was required that tits Stats: shoo I I permit ai! articles belonging to the Unt ed States, o' to any person in th'ii employ, to pass toll free fin ever.

T.n-se conditions are lets liberal than individuals holding siffhl! tracts of land i malty grant far the benefit of bavin a nut canal brought by their doors and wnen it is recollected that the United States own the lands through whir It toe proposed canal would pass, and I an immense elist.ice annul it, and cl course that the linmeiiiate in the increassd value ol tin I md tub! be co1 is the Und. i iVa'e-i, ii cannot but excite surprise that little should have been granted ot a party a ho had th much to give, and who would be so much berf filed uy the gift. From t'ie wise and liberal views, hovvevtr, which have so gcneialiy marked the proceedings of Icel persttadvd ilia; a rtconxi' ra ion of pm subject will 'cud to a more favorable result. To say nothing of the great it ill afford the transportation uf the means ot iJoIVnee to the various parts of our great ilcoublic, and to its commercial and friendly intercourse, a. canal would have the immediate anil direct iff.

at of greatly the value ot the public lands. Thus a gram of laud to th. State which would ensb'o it speedily to the canal, would not only be greatly beneficial to the and Union, hut hy increasing the value and sale of the public add to, ladbtt- than diminish the proceeds fiotn them, litis view of ihesubj-c is calculated to remove objections to the power of Congress to malt; the proposed grant of land, ns it is not, s'ricdv speaking, an appropvid.i-m of public property to internal imptovemetiis, but on!) such disposition ot i' as is heat calculated to advance its ilur. To obtain the requisite infortnatiun, arid to enable the State to effect these great objects, 1 recommend to the. I I form (i niml to bo appr ed ex' to internal improve men to consist of the revenues received into llie Treasury from the military bounty lands iroru the saiitins from (iix-fi, forfeitures, or such portion thereof as i' public eximinies will admit ol and from such other sources aside tare, in i wisdom, may think proper to set apart f.r that purpose.

2d. To iuviie the attention of tlio ales of Ohio and Indiana tu the ol improving the navigation of the Wabash and Mauini rivers, and them by a canal; and to enter into arrangerv. r.is with those jointly ifc- i objects cog. duCivs to tins itticreais of ail,.