New-York Tribune from New York, New York • 36

German Government Distorts Wilson'sSpeechtoDupePeople Feared Influence of Unabridged Text of President's War iMessage on Populace of Passages Whieh Showed Why America Could No Longsr Avoid Entering Conflict. as given out in Germany by the Wolff TeUgraph Bureau, whieh it not only by the German government, but Iws been eonsistently employed for the handling of German propaganda. This distorted eopy waa eompared with the originaL Below the entire addrese is printed, tl black fact typt mdieating thosi parte whieh wen suppressed by the Wolff Bureau. ENTI.KMKX OF TH1 CON OSESSl I have called the C'oi. greaa into extraordir.ary beeauae there are gerious.

very choice of poliey to he madeJ i riuide immedintely, whieh it ll neither right pei that I ghould assume the re aeaalbOltj of mi.king. the Fearaarjr laal I aaaeially before you tl I an iuncement of the imperinl Gerrnan ment that, on and after the lBt i .1 Feeraary, was its purpoge to aa! Seiee all restraints of law or al luimair.ty and BM Ita nihmarinea to sink very vessel that sought to approaeh either the ports cf Great Britain and i Ireland or the wegterr cor.sts of I F.urope. or any of the porta controlled by the enemies of Germany within tl I Meditcrranean. Degree of Restraint Was Obaerved n.at had geemed to be the object of German submarine warfare earlier la the war, but since April of last year the imperial government had aomewhat ned the commanders of its un-j ilvraea craft, ia eaafeiaaltf arith preaiiae, then given to as. that I cer boats K-houltl not be sur.k.

and tha warning be to all TBBBrir whieh Hv -ubmannes might aeek to when no re aiataace offered or aeeaae at tempted. aad r.rc taken that the.r rrrwa were RiNcn al Icast a fair chai.ee to save their in their open boats. The taken were meagre and hapharnrd enough. as was proved in instame after instan-e in the progrexs of the cruel and i-n buslness, but a eertain degree al restraint was ohserved. The aarw poiicy has every re atriction av.de.

Voaeli of every kina, whatevcr their flag. their rhararter their caraa, thelt eeetlaatleB, their trrand. hav. been rathleg Ij tha bottom v.ithout waraiaf and witn cut thought of hely or rr.ercy for on board. the T.aaela neu trala along with thoae of belllfereata.

Kven hosp tal ahipa and rarrying relief to the sorely bereaved and Mricken people of Belgium, thonajh the 1 (-r were provided with aaia conduc. through the rio-cribed areas by the il.T-nati Bwv.ram.at and ll.T'Iinil by unmlstakable n-arks of identitv, hni been sunk with the OB or nplc. I was for a little while unable te believe that Mich weaM in facl be done bv anv that hitherto to the haataae aractice. of civilized Inter national law had its origin in the at? tempt to np some law whieh would he re.pe<-ted and upon the -eaa, no nation had right tiomir.ion and where the free hig' w.ixs of the By pa I hed that i hut with a lear view, at leaat, of hat the heart ceeecleaca al aaaahlad demanded. Not Thinking of Property Involvcd minimum ef rigat ti.e frnaan m( nf U'-Her the of rwlaltatiOB and, and tapoi 1 imawai bie to tr.L-m without throa ng I af tha rld.

i am not now LhiaklBg of tha loas ef of the war.ton and af the Ihrea .1 aaaa, w.aawi ar.d engaged in alwaya, in the riods of Baaaera bletary, aaaa ieeakaa haaeeeat and PlwaaHrtl an be paid the lues of peaeefui and innoren peoplr ran be. i Bt Amer iran be.n "-unk. Ameriran taken. in grhich it htirr.d ui to Irarn of. but the and people other ntutral fritnd natloin been sunk and in the in the aame WBJT.

There has been aa rimination. Must Fut Kxcited Avs iv The rhallenge is to all mankind. )t n.ee'. it. BMlkl b.

nu i ter ar mugt i- not b. i' or torio'ja 'nighl th. r.r.' but aa i ght, af K'jrnan right, of whieh W. are oi.iy ihe of t.r-i our right to use unlawful inlerfererite, our I right to krep our people safe againat i.filawful vloletue. Bol I Hecau.e in effect avhen ufcrd as the Grrm.n aubma rme? have hern u.ed agalnst hipping.

It laapoaaibl. to d.f.nd agamat their attacka, aa the law of nation. haa a.sun.nl that merrhant would defend themaelve. agalnat prlaateera or rrulsera, viaible rraft Ing rha.e open It ll 8888 mon tane.i. t'rim t'.

th.m bt for. I own intantior They muat he de.lt with opoo alght. if de.M with at all. There Ia One lafti We Cnnot Make 7h. O.rmar, govwnm.nt aaaiMM thl iifht MutraTa to aa.

at within tlio araaa the sca arhich il l.as proacribad btoh In tha of rijrhts whieh no modern hai ever bafora qaaationed theii I i defcnd. Thr intimation i eoaTayaa tha arnaad ajaarda whieh wa placed on our raarchai rlll ba troated ns bayond taa pa of law and tiubject to ith 83 pil would be. Anted BCatraUty 11 ineffectual al heat; Ia Back eireaatataaeea sind in thi- faea aach aretesialona 't i- waraa fhan laetTcrtaal; it Ia lll.il> tn prodace it araa aseaal prevent; It ia prartirv.lly certain ta ora? into wur withont cither tha rirhtn or thr effn tiveness of bolliRtr eats. There is unp choice we eannot muke, W8 are inrapahle of makinij: We will not rhoose the path of submisMon aml ffei laered i ifl I our nation and our people to hr iff nored or violated. The nfjainst nhich W8 array are no rommon WtwaSja; thev cut to the verv roots of human life.

Advised Putting Couotry In State of Detcnce With a profonnd sense of the aolemn and eu-n tratriral rharacter of the BtSB I am tal.inu and of the responsl billtlea whieh it latrahroa, bnl ia Bn bi litating obadiaaca to what 1 daern my eonatitntional duty, I advise that the Congreaa declara the recem eoaraa of th? impiriai Ganaaa forornatent to ba in facl nothing than war BjoTcraraani aad people of States; Iha! forraafly ae- eapt tho status of belligerent whieh an tiirust upon it. and that it tak, inmadiata ta i ot only to put tha country in a more thoroufh state def.nce, but to exert all ita poWBl and employ all Itl resources to the government of the Gernan Kmpiri- to terms ar.d end the WBT. What this will involve is elear. it nvolve the utmoat praeticabla eo-I operatlon In eonnaal ar.d aetion with ti erni anti i ow at war with Gar many, and, bi incident to that, ihe tension to thoae aovernmenta of the incli credita, Ia order al our far as pos I he ddl I I it Will Involve Complete Mobilization It will Involve the orgjanisaiion and, tation of all tha natarial re aoureei of the eonatry to supply the raaterials war and serve Inei neads of tha nation in the most abundaat and yet most economical and ifficier.t way posaibla. It will involve tho JBUBediats full eqnipment of the navy in all raapacts, rticularly Ia sapplyiag it with tha i with the i nemyV submarii It will addi of tha 1'rited prorlded for bv law in of 500,000 men, who should, in ii opinion, be chosen i the principle of universal liabil Ity to aarriea, and also the BBthoriaa of aobaaqaenl additional incre of i.qual forca soaa aa they idtd and can be har.d'.cd In It invohe of course, the arrantiitK of BdaajBBta credits to the gov ernment.

I hope, mv far ua aaa equitably be by the preser-t generation, 8) well conceived taxatlon. It Is Our Duty To Protect Our People I say saataiaad so far as may be eojaltabla taxatiaa, because It seems to mr that it would be nioat unwisc to 8888 tha credit-, whieh will now be nec raaary, cntirely on borrowed. It ia our duty, I most respcctfully urge. ti, proti-cl our peopW, 88 lar as BMJT, the verv hardships and evila whieh would be llkalj to arise out af the iifl.it ion whieh would be pro dured loana. In carning out the measures by whieh tbcaa thiaaa are to he pliahad should haap eaastaath in mind ihe wisdom of interferlng aa llttle ln our preparation and in the rnuipment of our own military fonts with the it be a ratj praitiral aupplying the nations alraadj at with Garaaaay v.

Ith matiriuls whieh they run ob l.iin aalj 1 rom us or our They an in Ihe lield. ar.d we should them in to be rffecthc Ih. m. I shai! the llbert) af saggeatlag, Ihraasjh ihe aareral exaeatlva depart ments of gaararaaaaata lor the aiderataaa of yaaii faaaailltaaa. ures far the ai tunplishment of the eral ts I iuoc mentioned.

I hope that it will be pleasure to deal ilh them aa heen framed after, rerj caiafal UmrbbI bi the branch of thr iiimim hom the respon of eoadactlag tha war and aafe rdiag Iha aatlaa alll most ilrsctlj t.ili. 1 (leai What Our Motivcjs Are ii a do lhaaa thlaga, these deep naaaeatoM Ihlaaa, us be rary lear, and Bsafcs clear to all aoi ohi mol Ivea aad mir abjeeta are. awB has not bern Irom Ita and imrm.il iniirse bj Ihe unhappy evoata of the liiit twa and I do not be llaVO thal thi thnuifht af the nation ha? been altered or cioadad bl them. I BSadl) samr llunifs In tbat I had Ib mind when I BsMraaaad taa Haaata ihe 22a ai Jaaaarj last: ihe saaaa lhai had in mind nheii I on Iha Id of Januarv and on the Mth of Pabraary. Our ajbjael now, as ihen, to tindicatr the prim af 88808 and laatlea in Ihe life the world as Bajataat aahaah and aataerallc pawar, and to ael up 888888 the free and peoples of Ihe world such i oneert of and of ailion as elnrl Ii the of those ariaelplea.

Kavtrallti is aa lonk'er faaalbla or dcalrabla when iha aaaee ai 'he world Ib laaalvW and fraadaai af Ua pea pies and Iha asaaaea Ia paaea and freedom lles in llie of nulo rratk hsehad hy Ii is raal rollerl liollv Ibell will, nol b) the will of thrlr paaasie. We have seen the last of neu tr.iln, in Baeh elreaautaaeaa. We at jfii.r.nig of an In whirh II ba insiated that the same stand- ards af eeaead and or responsihility for Wtaag done shall be ohserved aaioag and their government. that are ohserNed among fhe iminiduil i Itlzeaa of rhilized Have No Quarrel With German People hav no quarrel with the Genaaa people. We havo no feeliag toward them but one of aympathy aad friend ahip.

It wai aol opoo their lmpuls-e i government aeted ia enter 11 thf war. It was not with their pieviona knowiedpe or appraeaL It waa a war detenaiaed upon as wara uaed to he detenaiaed upon in the old aahapey deya whea were nowhere by their rulcrs and wara were proveked and waged la the interest of dynastieg or of little groups of ambitious men who were eecaateraed te nae their fellew aaaa as pawaa and tooN. Belf geveraed natlons do not flll iheir aeighhor states with spies or set Ihe eearae af ir.trlgue te hring ahout aeeaa rrltlcaJ pesture of whieh will give them an opportunity to strike and make reagReet. Surh designs can be successfulh worked out only under cover and where no one has the right te ask Cunnlngly rontrived plans of ib i-ption or aggresslon, car rled, it may be, from generatinn to generation, ran be worked out and kept from the light only withln the privacy of courts or behind the rarefully guarded conlideiices of a narrow and priviieged are happlly Im wheie public opinion rom fltaiHa and insists full informa taaa ceaceralag all the affalia. Only Free People Can Hold Their Purpose A ateadfaat concert for peaee can never be maintainod except hy a part nership of democratlc No autocratii- ernment rould be trusted to keep faith within it or obscrve Its eovenants.

It musf be a leegBM of beaor, a partaarahlp ef opinion. In trlarae would eai Ita ritala awayj the plottings of inner cirelew who rould plan whai they would, and render ac count to no one, would bc a corruption se.tted at its rerj hoart. Only free people can hold their purpose and their honor stcadv to a common end, and prefer the interests ot mankind to any narrow interest of their own. Doea not every Anierican feei tliat assuiar.c" has beea added to our hope for the future peaee of the world by the v.onderful and hearteaiag thiaga that have been within tha last weeka in Raasial Raeaie was known hy those knew her hest to been in fact democratlc at heert in all the fiiI habits of her thought. la all the latiaaate relation ships of her people that spoke their natural inMinct, Ihe habltual attl tude toward life.

The autmrary that' crowned the sumrnit of her political structure, long as it had stood and ter rible aa the reallty of Its power, waa not in fact Itussian in origin. ehar acter or purpose, and now It Ims been -haken off and the great, generous Rus sian people have been added, in all their natlve tnajfsty and might, to the forces that are Ightlag for freedom In the world. for laattca and for peaee. ia nt partner for leagaa I bonor. Set Criminal Intrigue Afoot Everywhere One of the thinga that served to tonvince us that the Prussian au tocrary waa not and could never be our friend is that from the very outset of the pre-ent w.r It ha.

flllexl our un suspertlng communltles, and even our offices of with spies and -et rrtaUaal intrigue. eeeii.heie afoct against our natinnal of COaueL our peare wilbin and without, our indnstries and our commerce. In dt-ed, It is now that Its sples were here et en before the began. and it is unhappily not a matter of con Jecture. but a lart in our courts of justice, that the intrigu-s whieh have more than once come perilously nettr to dlsturbing the peaee and dis locating the Industrles of the eountry hee-n carried on at the Instigation, with the supjxirt and even under the paraaael ihactleaa ef efMal agaata ef th.

lipailal geearaaaaal aoredlted te the government the Inited Stales. It Mcans to Stir L'p i.nr-mies Against Ls Kven in chocking these things and trxing to extirpate Ihem W. h.ne sought to pul llie most generous interpretation pos.lble upon them, bes ause we knew that their s-ourre lay not ln anv hostile feeling or of the Gerriian peo? ple toward ug (who were, no doubt, as ignorant of them as we ourselveg were), but only in the sellish designs ef a government that did what It pleeaed and told Ita people nothing. But they ha.e alayed their part la aetTtag ici eeavlace al lasi tbai ihat irnment enterlains no real frlendshlp foi ii-. and aaeeaa te act against our aaare and aeearltj al its rwaveatoace.

I hat it means to enemiea against us at our the inter repted aete I. Minister at Mexico City fs elmiuent We are arcepting this ehallenge of hostile purpose bevause W. know that in a following such mhOkkIs, we can never have a friend. and lhat in ihe presenre of its organ MWer, in w.it to ac eaaaallah know not what purpose there caa be aa serurit.v for Ihe aaaaaetatlc ot the world. We tra ne.

aboal te aecepl the gaga of battle aitli the nataral foe te ahall, if neeeaaary, aead tha arhola lorco ef the nation eaeeh nallify as pretenaiom and ita power. World Must He Made Safe for Demot NS are glad. now that we the fa(ts with no of false BffWteawe about them. lo ligbt Ihus feff the ulti Baate ol the world and for lirM-rali of ils peoples. paaplaa laaTaVaaii for Ihe righls af nn lionN.

yrmt and ainall. nnd the prhl lige af aaea averywher. tocbeeee iheir of llfe aad af eaedlleare, Ihe world must be made safe for Ils peare must be pl.nted upon ihe leeted feaaaatleaa of poiitiral ne aaaelfah end. to We d.aira no conquaata, no do-, CARING FOR THE CITYS WAIFS Abova is a BChoolrootn and bakrw tho playground at Randall's Island. In the oval, Commlssioner Kingsbury.

We aeek no Indemnitles fnr no material compcnsation for Ihe sarrifires we ahall frecly make. We bal bbb af ch impiona of tho rifhta of maphin I ihall ba atis Asd when thasa have bean paada as aaeara as tha falth and tha freadoai of natiaai can maha them. Just because wa fighl without rancor nnd withoat aalfiah abjaet, Beehiagaath lng for oaroehres bal what wa ihall iriah lo sharo with all fraa peoplo, we ihall, I t'eei eaandeat, eondacl 11 eparationa banifareats withoei pas sion and obaarve with prond pnnet lio tha prineiplei of righl ar.d of fair play wi proxeaa ta ba Kghtiag for. Germnny's Allies Have Not Challenged Us I bara said nothing of tha gavara allied with tha iaaperial goaara ment of Ganaany, baeaaaa they hava not made war apoa bi or eballanged us to defend our right and our honor. The Austrn-Hungarinn government has, in deed.

avnwed its unqualltied lndnr-e ment and acceptance af reehleaa and lawleaa submarine warfare adopted now wilhout diagafUM bj tha imperlal (ierman government. and it has there fore not been peaalblc for this govcrn ment to receive Caaat Tarnowski. Ihe ambassador recaatlj Bcetaditad to this government by the imperial and roval government of Aiistrla-IIungary, but that government has not aelually en gaged ln warfare against cltUcns of the I'nlted States on the sens, and I take the liberty. for the prescnl at aaaat, af paaaaaHafag dlaeaaalaa af our lalallaaa wth the at Vlenna. We er.ter war onlv where we nre elaatiy faiwaa" into it hecaaaa theta is no other means of dcfendlng our It will he all th.

caM.r for us to londuei aaraetTca as balligereata in a hlgh right and fairness be we aet withaal not wllh enmitv taWBI I people or wilh the deaire to hring any Injurv or disiid vantage ipo.i them, but only In armed oppositlon to an irn -ponsible govern? ment whieh haa thrown nil ron of and of right and ls running amuek. We Are Friends of The German People We nre. let me snv again, the sinrere friends of the i.erman people, and ahnll aathiaf 88 much BI the carlv re establishment of intimale relalions of miitu.il adraataga batwaea us, hawaaar hard it may 88 for them for the time being lo helieve that Ihis Ia from our hearts. We have bornc with their presi-nt government through all these biller months because of that friendship, exerrising patlence. and farbaaraaca whieh would haNe been impossible.

ahall bappil) bara an op portunity to prnvc that friendship in our daily Bttltade and artions toward ihe millions of men and wnmen of I.er? man blrth native Byiapathj who Ihe among us and l.ne our lile, and WC shall he proud to prove il toward all who are in faet loval to their neigh B888 and to the government in the hour ot test. They are most of them as true and loyal Americans as they had never known any other fcalty or allegiance. They will be prompt to stand with us In rebuking and raatralaiag the few who be of a difT renl mind and PBVBSMkB. If there BBMMld he dislovallv il will he dealt with ith a lirm hand of stern bal if il liffs its head at all, it will lift it onlv here and Ihere and wilhout coiintciiance from a lawlsaa and malignunf few, Months of Fiery Trial Ahead of U. S.

It is a dlstresslng and oppresaive duty, gentlemen of the whieh have pcrfaraaad in ihus addreaaiaf There are, it may be, many BBBatha of fiery Irial anil sacrilicc ahe.nl of u-. It a fearlul thing to Maad this great. peaccful people into war, in the saaai larrtbla and dlaaatraaa of all wars, rrrHtsatlaa Itaell seeaalag lo he in ihe halance. t4ut Ihe right is 88818 prermus ih.in peace. and we shafl light for Ihelhings whieh we have alwavs earried our for the right of thasa who "uhmit lo authority to have a toicc in llu-ir own govern menls, fnr Ibe righlx and liherlies of mi.iII natlons, for a unhcrsal domlnion of right hv such a concert of free people as sli.ill bring peace and safetv to all natiotis and make Ihe world it aelf Bi last free.

To saeh last we raa aadleata our and our lnrlunes, evervtbing Ili.it we nre and evervlhing thal we have. with thr pride of lliose who know lb.it fhe has mme when America is pri-. iligeii to aprnri her hiood and her inlghl lor the pHaeiplsa lhat gave her birlli nnd ulld the peace whlrh ahe haa (jod hrlplng her, ahe can do no other. Randall's Island Transformed Into Clean Home for City Waifs By Jeanne Stevens Martha Gray la the best dnnccr the girls' ehvas at the Home for Feeble Minded on Uundnll's Ifl.nd. A littl.

whila nco. when she wns sent through tha Deaertraeat of Public Charities to this "homelike refaga in the Kast Biver," her mental growth was retard ed four years- that is, she was then twehre and her mind waa the niind ef a ehild of eight and she was afraid of her own shadow. A Soci? ety had aent Martha to a home near Ithaca, where ghe had been be.iten, and lf ghe, hadnt been rescued when she it la conceivable that ghe might have become an imberile permanently. There are other Martha Gimya and Johnny Grays learning to weave and knit ar.d Few and keep houso, as aa to read aad errita and play, who atady manual trainir.g and work in the, garden, on Randall'a Igland, where four yearg ago only 300 of the 2,000 inmates received any kind of training. All ef whieh is one way of aaylng that this city administration has felt that no effort la to.

greaf nor any expendi ture ill placed if one ia to find "where the little glimmer of light in the men tally deformed mind lends to. Many and naay a ehild who has drifted up to the littl. island as a bit of lift's waste nuterial, after a few years' training may now nctually become seif-support lag." At a cornerstone lay.ng on the island laat September for a group of new bnildinga whieh will rost Sl.600.o00 to replace others that had long outlived their usefulness, Mayor Mitchel gaid: Children No Longer To Be Neglected "Whatever the chnnge of politicg or of administration, consclence of New York Citj Will no longer allow it- oefortaaati feater ehlldrea to be neglected. This administration has tiuight the community that duty is not only to feed and clothe these ur. fortunate children properly, but to raake theaa as happy aa pesaible.

There is nothing in whieh Mayor, Bad greeter gatisfaction than in knowing that when I lay aside my duties 1 shall have done BOmething to the conditlea of the children on Randall's lalaad." The fo'lowing histnry of the changes First Ceaaaaiaaloaer of Public Charitlea Jlenry C. Wnghr, ncting for the present city administration, has made on the island were stated in a re eeat of Public Charitlea re? port: "I'onditions on Randall's Island in Itll were far from what they should be. The superir.tendent, Mrs. Mary ('. Dunphy, who had been in omce for more than forty years, was physically unable to ingpect above the ground floor any of the forty-five buildlngs of tne institution.

the helpers, only lifty even received above 120 a month. ISg and ninety-five $IU. ehildrea to a large extent were lObJeeted to the tender of these helpers, some of whom had lenrned how beat them without leaving a praCtiee they taught their collcigucs for eoaaideratiea. "Several of the buildings had been ballt in 18.1'J. and eleven built before were atill used.

The latter had neither been nor were th.y ln deeent repalr." When Walter F. Fernald, Miper lateadeat of the School for the Feehle-Minded, at Waverly, becaaae eoaaaltiag phjraleiaa for Randall's lalaad institution, he! aaid: "1 hflve thoroaghly examined the buildinga al Readafl'a Island, aeveral of whieh are ren, eld anil dilepidated aad are not tit for human hahiUttion. Theee buildings were eeaatracted with very thia bnck wallg, with small wiudows; with damp, UBVeBtilated basements, WOed.a floors, etc. The plumbing and heating piping and rixtures are worn out beyond repair. The old pipmg, etc, and the wietchtd maanitary tloor.

of the toileta and hathrooms create an al laereeibly laaaaitery eonditlon, 'I'li'. tli.iirs are tiiuch and very an.l ineanitary. The pl.ster lag ii le aen bad repeir. "The eataiea briek iralla have wooden liith-i on wooden atoddiag, with no Btoppiag. Then arr many wooden beathlag partitieas, and stnirways fron fltsl in the aeeead floor nre of wecdea aheathlag atmrwny pertitioaa.

These weedaa atairwayg in theaa ftaaetly aenatreated buildinga, UiLb beiia filled with h.lpl.gg I ldlots, not only on the first, but I on the gecond and third floors, with I leaky open gas jets in every room as the only means of lighting, and with many putients of pyromaniae propensi ties, ronatitute a fire ri-k with danger to helpleaa hunian life that is almost N'o such condition would be tolerated for day in a faetory or building where ahle-bodied, normal people are housed." No Provision Made for Contagious Diseases omnletely helpless children were put in the upper fioors of these build 'out of the the depart ment report continues. "Four hundred r.ormnl children were eared for with the feeble-rainded. There were no screer.s on the kitchen, dinlng or ward rooms to piwteet the children from fliea. So neegre were the provisions for iaelation that contagious diseases, once started, spnad uneheeked. The food was badly cooked and served in a and unpleasing manner.

"Farly in 1916 Mayor Mltchel and Controller Prendergast made. a tour 1 of Randall's Island. After the Mayor had seen flies crawling over the faces of low-grade imbeciles, who were in eapnble of brushlng them off, and after he had smelled the stench of soma parts of tho he said. 'If I do nothing else during my administration, I shall clean out this foul Pr. Peraald'i iaatitotiea waa visited, and almost af once 1800,000 was voted to begin the work of rehousing.

Six montha late: a mlllion vas ap propriatod arith whieh to complete the work. "On February IT, 191 Commission er of Public Chnritieg Kingsbury sent for Mrs. Dunphy and, after calling her attentlon to conditions, pointed out that tho evidence he had in his posses sion had not been put in the form of ehargea bat that It would be put ln that form if necessary. "Mrs. Dunphy replied with heat: 'Thne fornier have tried to oust mo and have failod.

I've beaten them and I'll heat you also. Yun'll find you've started something you can't "Two weeks later, the ftndings having been put in tha form of charges, Mrs. Dunphy was suspended pending their disposal. After a series of delays, dur? ing whieh, according to physieians' certificates, Mrs. Dunphy had been af flicted with nineteen dirTerent nilments, sho appeared bofore the in aaawar to the charfres, presented her defeaea and was digmissed from offlee.

"In the mean time Rohert W. Heb bcrd. aeeretary af the Btate Board of Charitlea and former Commiaaleaer of Public Chariti.S, together with one of the Biaaiaera of the state board, ealled on Corporation Pulk and told him that unless the charges were with drawn it would not be possible to avert an investigation of the Department of Public Charities by the State Hoard of Charitlea. When Mr. Pulk weat to the Mayor, the Mayor said: them go ahead and inv.atig.te; the charges will not be Ahout ten days be? fore Mi Dunphy's dieralaaal the in veetigatioa started, bat before iong waa eiaeeattaaed, Mrs.

Deaphy applied to the courts for remstatement witliout BBceeee. Waifs Now Rereive Expert Medical Attention "After two interim appolntments, Dr. Willtam Bargeaa Curnell, a phystcian apeelally trataed for work with the feeble minded, was made medical di rectnr of the in-titution, to work with Dr. Fernald. All tho cliildren of nor? mal were removed to homea or to ethcr msMtutions, many to the Metrepelttan pitol, where a chil dieii's pavihon waa apeaed for the tirst napeid and extrenelv low p.itil workera were dismisied.

Organ aad eeastracthra training waa 8i? tended from the who had hud it in 1811 to over 1,500. A paid rcaident medical i-taff of cight physicians was develeaed to aetablieh methods for the dftection and prevention ef di.eaaa. A eentral board of psychiatrists wai BT There are now three dentigta on tha staff, giving a full tLy's service for the entire week. Diagnosis and claaaificatioa are naada ia a clinie for atypieal ehildrea. Lew greda miheciles are being inatractod ia ihe making ef ihoea, ehalra, baaketa ar.d raga, They alae bara a kia4lergartea.

T.n play grounda with attoadaata have been pro vided for the chihlreii. And instead of the aaattraettea oaa eloee aaltee dreaaee formerly wom by the girla, they are now provided with blu. aklrti and middy bloueea." I Waif NowWell Treated In City's Institutions Wards of Department of Charities Re? ceive Expert Medical Attention and Good Nursing Care in Sanitary Buildings? Twenty-six Homes Formerly Below Standard Reported Greatly Improved? Burden of Incompetence Lifted From Children By Lyman Beecher Stowe WHEN Mayor Mitchel, at din tendered him by the Fu sion Committaa whieh had nominated him, gave an account of his stewardshlp durlng flrst two years of his administration, he said, ir. com menting on the Department of Publie Charities, "This department has been the storm centre of this administra? tion." Wn7 was When a publie offlcial eomes into of flce he haa before him three couraesi He may follow of least reslstance by merely performlng his routine duties and undertaking nothing new or different; he may ally himself with the sinister political forees In the expectation of illlelt rewards of one kind or another, or ha may attempt to introduce new and different methods. The latter course meana an almost con stant fight because ha will inevitably array againat him not only the evil forcea whieh naturally resist better ment, but the forcas of Inartia, whlch are very strong ln any govemmenta! organization and whlch resent changes almost if not aa much aa the forcea of evil.

It was the third eonrse whlch John A. Kingabury chose when Mayor Mitchel, in 1914, appolnted him Com mlssioner of Publie Charities, Com missloner Kingsbury woka up all tha sleeping dogs ln his officlal path. Thia he dared do because he could eount on the unflinching aupport of hia ehief? the Mayor. The City of New York no instltutions for the normal children. Such children when publie eharges have always been pluced in institutions subsidized on a per capita basis by tha city.

Through the Commlssioner of Publie Charities in his capacity as Superintendent of the Poor the city annually evpends in such subsidles upward of three milllon dollars. Commlssioner Kingsbury dls eovered that he was approving as a matter of officia! routine the payment of hundreds of thousar.ds of dollars to private institutions for the care of the city'a child wards without the least direct knowledge of the adequacy or inadequacy of the care and training whieh they were receivlng. All Institutions Were Classified These institutions were indeed ln- spected bv the State Board of Charities and by them grouped into grades. All whieh uere above a cer tain grade were given certiticates whieh authorized them to receive pub? lie funds. Comn.issioner Kingsbury was not content to rely impllcitly upon thaSB authorizations.

It seemed to iiim an illoglcal system for a state body I to give authorizations for the expendi- I ture of city funds. Consequently, he determined to develop for hlmaelf mme means of knowing what institu? tions were giving the city a full quid pro quo and what were not. Aerord ingly, he mtrusted Second Deputy Caairaiaaiaaar William J. Doherty, who has immediate charge of the depart ment's rclations with all institutions other than its own, with the duty of inveatigattng and clasaifying all the child caring institutions of the city to whieh are committed the city'a up? ward of 22,000 child warda. To add Commiaaioner Doherty in thia diftkult and delicate task an advlsory com mittea of three experts in ehild caring work waa appointed.

Thia committee conaiated of the Brother Barnabas, the head anl creator of the Lincolndale Agriculturai School for Boya, a model Roman olic instiuition, a branch of the Cat'n olic Protectory of New York Dr. Ludwig Bernstein, the develope: and the superintendent of the Hebrew Shel tering (iuardlan Society'a school at Pleasantville, X. one of the most succesaful Jewiah schools ln the coun try and Dr. R. R.

Reeder, the creator and the head of the New York Orphan age at Hastings-on-the-Hudson, or.e of the foremost Protestant institutions for children. Commissioner Doherty himself Is no less an exnert ln work among children, havlng been flf teen years the head of the Catholic II ime Baraaa, an organization for the piacing of (atholic children in priratS homes. Twenty-six Institutions Below Standard This committee, with Commiasioner Doherty, formulated a aeriea of reason able standards covering the various phases of child caring and then pro eaadad to measure the effieiency of the institutions in reference to thesa atandards. As a result of its initt.tl reatigatloas the committee dieeovivil twenty-six institutions whieh fell of the atandards lixed, or indeed of aay decent ataadarda. (n these daliaqaia: institutions fourteen were under Prot? estant auspices, and the remai'id'-r Roman ('atholic.

Of the aiv tions whieh measured up to tha te quirements, three were Roman Cath olic. two Jewish and one Protestiiit. These ussured the committee b'th that its atandards were not unreaaon able and that no one religioua faith had a monoply either of the brst or the worst institutions; although, on thf whole, the Roman and the Hebrew institutions made a showing than the ln the worat of these institutions the ehiltlrtn were both underfed and overv t'nder the guise of vocational tTaiping young of twelve and fjnrtoen were required to get up 4 in the morning and bend all day over waahtuba and ironlng Their education was of the seantieat and of the moat rrimltive type and th-y had no recreation worthv of name. In aome of these homea the ehild-en were required to morch In eingle to their meals and to alt ln stlaaas while they ate. The food waa eoaise.

aeant and monotonoua. The yards for eo called exercise and recreation wite small, dark. BBHBB and covered with flngatones, 1'he quarters were without furnittire the losv'ly packed little non beds. The ehlldraB were dirty and vermlnous. The school Ing was poor and the taaSBaN wretehedly underpaid.

Tha medical aupervision was lax and there waa little or nothing to prrvent contagloua diaaaaas, onea atartad, fionil 1 aweeping through the instltutlons. Aad 1 even the worst of thege placea Tbeldl 1 certiflcateg from the State BoarJ 0f Charities ccrtifying to their wor'hioeaa and authorizing them to receiv. fanda from the city. Storm Breaks When Funds Are Refuaed Commissioner Klnggbury refussj te authoriz. the payment city fundg to the worat of these institutiona untll they ghould ralse their gtardarda; h.

declined to commlt to them further children ur.til euch time, and go f.r aa waa possible he removed from the public charges whieh they blready had. As goon ag h. took this the storm broke. As has been said, some, although by no means all or even a majority, of theae inferior ln stitutlons were under Roman Chthefaj uuspices. Tho cry went up that Rcman Cotnollc institutiona were being at taeked and persecuted by tue Proteg tant Commissioner and h's agents.

Tha i Rev. Brother Barnabaa 'vas not only obliged to resign from th. comir.itUe, but was deprived of hla poe tirn aa superintendent of the olrdala School and transferred to a ru1 -HinaU post In an obscure gchool iicther part of the gtatc. At thia point the Commles laid the fact.s before the Mayor i tha recommendaticn that he gurrge i tha Governor 'hat he order an tion of the State Board of CMritiei, v.ith particular reference to i i itla tion to nnd responsibility for th caring ingtitutiong of the City e' New York. Governor Whitman.

th. I recommendation, ntg.d Charles H. Strong, a lawyer ano for mer president of the City of Naajr York, special commigsioner to I tignte the State Board of CharitaBB along the lines guggested. Pun.ng thp winter and early gpring of 1915 missioner Strong held hearings in N'. I York City.

The evidence pregenteM ter.ded to conftrm the Commissic.n.r'a original report of the conditions pre vailing in some of the children's Ineti tutiona. Then the cry was raised that the whole investigation was a 1 attack upon the Catholie Church and its inetitutions. The fact that Depnty I Commissioner Dohertv was a Roman Catholie and nad been an or 1 phaned ehild, brought up in a Roman Catnoiic institut ion, wai eited en. I of the reasons why he was an impioper person to cor.duet an iBTCatlgattOB of such institutior.s. I Convinced of Criminal Conspiracy As the investigation proceeded Com? missioner Kingsbury nnd his counsel, William H.

Hotchkiss, became con? vinced that a criminal conspiracy was being developed by Robert W. berd. the secrotury' of the State Board of Charities; Dr. Daniel C. Potter, the head of the Private Charities.

Inc. and the Rev. Father Farr.ll, a Roman Cath? olie priest. Mr. Hebberd was gtill sniarting under the defeat of his ef forts te perpetaate the regime of Mr'.

Dunphy at Randall's Island. Dr. Pot? ter had been discharged from hia po sition as head of the Ambular.ce Board of the city through charges of miscon duct in offlce brought against him by Commissioner Kingsbury in his capee ity as a member of that board. H. had since organized and was then man aging the Private Charities, Inc, an association whlch appeared to existfor the support of the contcntion that pri? vate charitable inetitutions eariag for city arardi bad a reated right to re ceive city regardless of wl or not the) expeaded them preeei ia the view of tiie c.ty's agents.

1 Panr.ll wea the chnmpion of th? bli liated Catholie laatltatleaa Commissioner Kingsbury and Hotchkiss became convinced that Ir. Hebberd waa testifying falgely, at Dr. Potter was plar.ning to leave state and go into hiding, go as to cape testifying at all, while Fb leff Farrell had already refused to BPI questions on the stand and had op derted Commissioner Strong, ernor and the law of the state whieh the iareatigation was held. When the Comaaiasioner aa Hotchkiss laid before tha Mayi they believed to be go.i.g with their reasons, he, after tiie Corporation ourisel, instr Police Commissioner to have tl I phone wires of these three men tenod in on" to discovcr whethei were in fact connpiring to defeat purposes of the investigation. Tl I dence thus obtained teaded to the belief of Commissioner King? and his that such a existed.

The offenders were not, ever, indicted and ptosecuted, bec the evidence obtained by the over tha tolepheaa wires was evidence in the eyes of the At time Mr. Hebberd resigne fecretary of the State Board of tiea. Shortly nfterward Dr. Potter Father Farrell then sought ar.d secjred the indictment of Commissioner bury and his counsel, Mr. Hotchk Pv a Kings County grand jury in connec tion with the wiretapping.

The cr.me with whieh they were ch.rged was tje obstruction of highwaya." the case cam. up for trial in the spmc of l'JIT it was Children Helped ln the Meantime Many citizens who were net in tereatea la the peraeaal fertaaea any of the contending otlicials c.iine to f'ear that the children and their Wfl fare were being forgottcn in the citem.nt of the contest Such waa not the caso. Tho study of ihe institutiona proceeded an orderly manner All rhose below standard, but willing to improve. were helped to do so. Yrom such remained obdurato tha citv warda aad citv fa.de were withheld To disv there ia Bet one of the InstKa tleaa were below atandard ba.

ael been mutenully improx.i ard many of them have attaiaed nioic th.n the ininimum requirements Bad are now again receiving city wards and city funda. Bolieving that aven a poor private home la better for a ehild than a good public inatitution. the Commissioner haa gince establighed the Children's Ilom. Huremi for the purpose of pl.Cing bahiea and young children either in boarding homes or ia private homes for adoption. By thia nie.ns eac'n nionth over one hundred of the city I homeleas children are placed ia cort fortable private homes.

These are a few of the outstandwg acliievementi ef a Commissioner Charitlea with gocial vlaion enough t. gee what ahould be done and political eourag. enough to do It, supported a fearleaa Mayor endow.d wita eocial viaion. Shall their work coe Uauef.