The Decatur Daily Review from Decatur, Illinois • Page 4

PAGE FOUR THE DECATUR REVIEW Decatur, Illinois, Tuesday, February 28, 1967 THE DECATUR REVIEW factions Vary "The Community Paper" New York Suburban Integration Is Rising Stand Divided on Finances State Cannot COOK COUNTY is in financial trouble and nobody denies it. Money is needed to pay salaries, remodel an antiquated hospital and increase the police force for the protection of unincorporated areas. Money is needed to pay for the additional court operation costs which were shifted from the city of Chicago to the county as a result of the judicial amendment. All these are bona fide causes for crying for help although at least half a dozen Downstate counties can plead similar cases. For this reason alone, legislative efforts to single out Cook County for aid should be India Still a Democracy Affluent areas 20,000 Negroes living in four square miles.

Yet because the city admin- istration has talked at building low-income relocation housing that would require tax-abate- ment and thus would not add to the tax rolls, two urban re- fa ce Negro influx. newal projects approved by the federal government in 3961 and 1963 have been delayed, A white resident, who is also a school official, said- "We figure if it gets 30 per cent Negro, that's the tippmg point, that's the time to move out. I Walter Lippmann CIA Generates fCloud? INDIA'S election results are being regarded with sense of shock in this country. Most informed observers knew that the ruling Congress party would lose votes, but the extent of setbacks was unexpected. With a few seats still undecided, the party which has ruled India since independence from Britain holds 270 seats in the 521-member lower house.

Congress held 375 seats in the old 509-seat house. Worse yet, the party lost control in the legislatures of 8 of the 17 states. So far the victims of the voters' retribution include a number of cabinet ministers, and above all Congress magnates those men whose significance lies especially in the influence they wield within the party. One might almost say that By Ralph Blumenthal (c) 1966 New York Times New York IN NEW Rochelle, N. a white man watching Negro civil rights demonstrators refuses to believe they are residents of that city or Westchester County, which they are "Where do they all come from?" he demands.

In Mount Vernon, N. a church that once had 1,200 members, most of them whites, prepares, to move its remaining congregation of 500 out of a deteriorating neighborhood, increasingly populated by Negroes, and out of Mount Vernon "to save ourselves" from further loss of the minister says. Elsewhere in Mount Vernon, Negro leaders sit down to discuss running a Negro candi--date for mayor in November for the first time in Westchester. These are aspects of a rising percentage of Negroes in Westchester that is bringing some profound changes to this affluent and traditionally conservative county. Its population of 855,000 is still overwhelmingly white, but the number of Negroes since 1960 has been increasing at the rate of more than four to every one white.

In Westchester's six cities, the Negro population increased 21 per cent between i960 and 1965. The white population declined by 0.6 per cent. 'Suburban Harlem' "We are going to see some suburban Harlems," commented one county official. The Negroes are arriving in the hope that antidiscrimina-. tion laws have opened opportunities for jobs and better housing.

They are seeking good schools for their children and want to escape the ghetto. And, like the whites, they want the space, the grass, the trees, the quiet, the status of the suburbs. Close to 40 per cent of the Negroes have been coming from the according to available indications, and 37 per cent from New York City. Further, the Negro birth rate in the county has been following the national trend about three Negro births to every two white births. "The Negro population growth is one of the sensitive subjects," said county executive Edwin G.

Michaelian, "but it is a fact of life. The people have to accept it and they are." As the Negroes, who now number 75,000, have been concentrating in Westchester's cities, whites have been leaving for rural, northern Westchester, Rockland County, Connecticut and New Jersey. Some of the whites are just seeking more land and the rustic air That is becoming increasingly rare in the lower part of the county. But others are leaving because they are Sold to the Highest Bidder afraid that crime will increase and property values will drop once Negroes move in. There are, however, whites who are welcoming the Negroes.

In Scarsdale and Bronx-ville, two of Westchester's traditionally most exclusive villages, fair housing committees have been seeking prospective Negro homeowners who would be able to afford the house prices. Some Whites Cooperate Throughout the county, from Mount Vernon 'to' Peekskill, Negro leaders -have found whites who have been eager to join the civil rights movement. Nevertheless, according to dozens of Negroes interviewed throughout the county in recent weeks, the increase of Negroes has not been' matched by gains in power and influence. The result, they say, has been frustration and "We've been eating our.way' through (brotherhood)' breakfasts, getting fat and shaking hands," said Walter King, president of the; Yonkers. Chapiter of the National Association or the Advancement of Colored People, "but nothing is really accomplished." "We had some home visits of whites and Negroes," recalled Mrs.

Mel Tapley, wife of the Peekskill N.A.A.C.P. president, "but the next day, meeting in the supermarket, the whites didn't know the Negroes. The Negro is still the invisible man." The pressures born of the influx of Negroes are being felt in housing, employment and stepped-up civil rights activities in New Rochelle, Mount Vernon, Ossining and several other communities. 'Tipping Poinf For increasing thousands of Negroes, Mount Vernon has become the gateway to West chester. Just over the Bronx line, the city is amoag the most densely populated in the nation with 53,000 whites and sent them in collective bargaining.

The choice of Scheno was rather arbitrary, admittedly. He is essentially a symbol. The guiding principle of the NLRB machinery is that we shall never know whether Scheno voted for the union or not, unless he should decide to tell us. The NLRB machinery works. say, one or two families on the block, all right." Some Negroes still hope that the exodus of whites is not irreversible.

"A lot of whites here can be swayed and we don't want to throw them out," said one Negro leader. advise the president about the prospects of the invasior and the probable reaction of the Cubans. Because the CIA men who were running the invasion had also to advise the. president on its prospects, their optimism got the better of their intelligence and the president received wholly wrong advice. After the Bay of Pigs President Kennedy was urged to cut the CIA apart, separating sharply the business of intelligence from the business of propaganda and intervention.

Unhappily, President Kennedy did not take this advice and, after a little tinkering with personnel and with the details, he left intact the secret organization which is known as CIA. There will be and there can be no solution to the problem, I believe, unless there is a surgical operation which sena- rates true intelligence work from the whole clutter of other activities. An intelligence agency should deal with espionage, research and analysis. Other Activities The other activities, such as propaganda, intervention and dirty tricks, should not be in MteUigence agency. They shouIdnot be der the same rol- inev snoura be mann- by the same men and they should not be under the same cloak of secrecy.

There is little doubt that this will improve the integrity of the true intelligence work. What will it do to the other operations they were divorc- propagan(ja would be abolish- ed. This would make mors credible open and avowed propaganda. By taking the business of intervening in foreign countries out of the CIA, the temptation to intervene will be diminished. This would in itself be a good thing, and in the rare cases where intervention was a vital necessity, it could be set up secretly enough in the Defense Department As to the dirty tricks, like bribing a pol- itician somewhere abroad, the American republic will survive if such dirty tricks are not performed.

easy route. A better method might be to allow Cook County to divert for six months only some $16 million in motor fuel tax funds, with the requirement that it be paid back by 1971, as was stipulated in the apparently doomed Republican House bul. (A Senate counterpart still remains alive.) The pay-back arrangement appeared to mollify the most militant antidiversionist, the Chicago Motor Club. Yet the bill has become an unnecessary political football.4? Democrats seek to trade their votes on limited diversion in return for simultaneous GOP support of their bills to give cities an optional sales tax increase. Republicans have balked at the trade, arguing that each issue should be considered on its own merits.

The Republicans are right, provided they do consider the city sales tax package on its own merits. Cities are in a bind just as much as the Cook County government. The GOP has for too long operated as if Chicago were the only city, and a hostile one at that, with which they had to deal. The fact is, some 45 per cent of urban residents live Downstate and as Mayor Robert Lehnhausen testified last week, the problems of his city Peoria are the same as the problems of Chicago. It would be wise for both parties to end their cold war.

It is at least partly true, as Democrats charge, that Republican Senate leader W. Russell Arrington failed to deliver on his pledge to consider the city tax increase in 1965. But that is not enough reason to penalize Cook County in its current budgetary pinch. Mr. Arrington has again said that he will examine and perhaps go along with the cities' requests.

Democrats have little to lose by taking him at his word. If Sen. Arrington reneges, then he will be his own worst enemy politically speaking. Day by Day Ten Years Ago 1957 A $30,000 STREET surfacing project for W. Wood Street between Oakland Avenue and S.

Dennis Avenue was approved by the City Council Use of Twonship gasoline tax allotments to reduce taxes for blacktop road bond issues is permitted in a bill approved by the Illinois Legislature and waiting signatures by Gov. William G. Stratton. His approval is expected. Twenty Year Ago 1947 POSSffilLITY that the postwar peak in Macon County marriages has passed is seen through records of the.

county clerk that reveal only 75 licenses issued in February against 100 during the same month a year ago. Despite the snow flurries Decatur has seen in the last several weeks, this has been the driest February in local weather records. Total precipitation for the month was .07 of an inch, which is 1.90 inches less than the February normal precipitation in Decatur. Fifty Years Ago-1917 THE FIRST COMET automobile arrived in Decatur. The make of car was to be manufactured here.

The club was formed by former letter men of J.M.U. and Clarence Cox was elected president; Charles Lee, vice president; Leo Johnson, secretary; and Corwin Querry, treasurer. Letter Teen-Agers Can Behave To the Editor: I would like to publicly pay tribute to the teen-agers present at the Morgue last Saturday during the lengthy power failure which left approximately 500 people in total darkness on the dance floor. What could have been seized upon by those present as an opportunity for rowdiness and confusion was met instead by an orderly and mature Those teen agers present have given us cause to renew our confidence in youth with the knowledge that they can and will come through when the need arises. Decatur Terry Nelson Illinois Youth Commission viewed with suspicion.

Permitting the county to issue $25 million in bonds without referendum is a bad way of meeting a crisis. It establishes a precedent and taxpayers may wind up paying as much as $15 million in interest over a 20-year period. Republicans who are supporting this alternative would find it difficult, for example, not to grant a similar bond request to crisis-ridden St. Clair County, which in many respects makes Cook County look like a showplace. Legislators are far too much inclinded to go the easy route of bond financing these days though actually this is not the India's voters wanted to humiliate the Congress oligarchy, rather than the government itself.

At any rate, that will be the effect of the election. The government, barring a further shock, will remain Congress-dominated but only at the expense of thorough reorganization. Even if Prime Minister Indira Gandhi were to retain her position, her influence might well remain in doubt until the next election. The threat of in-fighting, which India has lived with for some 20 years, now seems more real than ever. Political scientists are already calling it the groundwork for the transfer of power from one generation to another.

It is always preferable to watch this transfer take place through elections as in India than through revolutions as in China. The city that wins the Republican convention may have some success landing the Democratic convention as well. The news media much prefer this because of the cost of setting up the special facilities required. Houston might well be the place where Texas' native son, Lyndon B. Johnson, could be renominated by acclamation at the Democratic convention.

But Republicans may think twice before deciding to accept the hospitality and the cash guarantee of Houston, in light of the disastrous "Southern captivity" of that party in 1964. Liberal Republicans cannot put their best image forward at Houston. Los Angeles thinks its smog will be much reduced, but Houston is the only city that pledges air-conditioning that will prevent the traditional smoked-filled room. Chicago is traditional; Philadelphia has a new look, Houston and Miami Beach have the cash, and San has the unbeatable physical setting but also perhaps the most cramped facilities. Pay your money and take your choice.

would provide what Mr. Gottschalk calls "clearly the means and penalties" for prosecuting violators. Penalties are not specifically provided in the antistrike legislation of most states, as the Public Personnel Association reports. This is true in three states bordering Illinois Missouri, Michigan and Wisconsin. In fact, emerges from Springfield this year may well resemble the Wisconsin law which extends collective bargaining rights to state employes and at the same time makes it illegal for the, employes "to engage in, induce or encourage" strikes.

Public employes would have little to lose from such a law in Illinois. They are already barred by court order from striking. If anything, the Wisconsin measure might be a step forward in areas where public bodies refuse to negotiate with organized employes. Nobody quarrels with legislators who are concerned about teacher strikes, nurses calling in sick and firemen resigning en masse. But, in addition to forbidding these deeds by law, legislators should also work on their causes.

What is it that compels an employe performing a public service to strike? The answer would go a long way toward solving the problem. THIS is the season for eager bidding on the part of cities seeking to attract the Republican and Democratic national conventions of 1968. Of all conventions, these are the gaudiest, and in many ways the biggest economic spurs to the host cities. Chicago has had its share of these nventionS It and five other cities are in the running for the GOP convention, the others being Philadelphia, Los Angeles, Miami Beach, San Francisco and Houston. The Republican National Committee seeks a guarantee of at least $650,000 from the host city, the assumption being that this will be returned with "interest Several cities have topped that figure; Houston and Miami Beach already are in the space age, being prepared to offer a figure of a million dollars or more.

Chicago offers its own sweet self. It is the only city that has a hard time guaranteeing any money, but it says it is used to handling conventions and has the hotel space. But as a convention city, Chicago seems to be losing ground to its flashier Southern neighbors. THE CIA problem is embarrassing and it is a disagreeable subject to talk about. But it is so important that we cannot sweep it under the rug and try to forget about it.

For the' good faith of the U. S. government has been by the disclosures, and whether or not we like to think about it, we cannot conduct the affairs of the United States in a cloud of suspicion We must dispel the suspicion and restore confidence in our good faith. We may begin by noting that the cloud of suspicion is much wider than the actual operations of the CIA could possibly warrant. Anyone with experience in the outer world must realize that the CIA is almost automatically-suspected of being implicated in or of being the prime mover in all manner of happenings abroad.

It would be no exaggeration to say that outside the United States the CIA has become the universal scapegoat for any rightist activity which people on the left and in the center dislike. The CIA has acquired a legendary character and its activities are rather like the exploits of Superman. The CIA legend feeds on the fact that the agency has in done the it is accused of doing everywhere all the time. It has ov erturned governments in Iran and Guatemala. It has organized invasion of a foreign country in the Bay of Pigs.

In the old days it interfered with money in elections jn France and Italy. It has subsidized the foreign activities of stu- dents, scholars, journalists, churchmen and labor leaders. No Reliable Facts Although these operations have been visible enough, they have. been financed secretly. The secrecy has prevented re- liable knowledge as to where the real CIA activities end and where the suspected and imaginary ones begin.

In this way the cloud of suspicion has been generated which envelops so large a part of American action in the rest of the world. We may go onto note that the Americans are the only JOHN F. KENNEDY Left CIA Intact people who have not shared in this general suspicion, xi.dc nave, ui i-uuioe, uccu charges and exposures made by minorities on the American left and right. But until recently the great majority have taken for granted the purity of the government's motives and the innocence of its actions. The secrecy of the operation shielded it from suspicion in this country, and with very lit- tie questioning and argument the Congress has voted secret funds of unknown size fnr which there is no public ac- counting.

If we push deeper into the matter we find, I believe, that the root of the trouble is that the Central Intelligence Ag ency has been used for much more work. It has been used as a Propaganda agency, as a so- perior diplomatic foreign ser vice, as an agency for clandestine intervention in foreign countries. The breadth of CIA's authorized activities, has not only generated the cloud fppicjon over American ac- the CIA as an intelligence agency here at home. Prime Example The prime example of this was the fiasco'of the Bay of Pigs. "In that affair the CIA organized an invasion of Cuba.

As an intelligence agency, however, it was supposed to NLRB Milestone Feted Thursday Striking at Root of Strikes By Richard Spong Editorial Research Reports SEN. ROBERT 'f. Wagner (D N. father of the National Labor Relations Act of July 5, 1935, described his bill as based on the principle "that democracy cannot work unless it is honored in the factory as well as the polling booth." Sen. Robert A.

Tate, princi- par author of the Taft-Hartley amendments of 1917, said that "the solution of the laoor problem in the United States is free collective bargaining a contract between one employer and all of his men acting as one man. No employer can beat down a union; no employer can discriminate; no employer can refuse to deal with the union which is duly certified to him." i The truth of these words is about to be demonstrated dramatically. In unique collabora-, tion, employer and labor groups are getting together to honor the 25 millionth voter in a National 'Labor Relations' Board election. His name is Leonard Paul Scheno, a machinist and mechanic of Carteret, H'. J.

Early in February he voted in an NLRB-supervised election for employes of the new Reynolds Metal Company aluminum can manufacturing plant at Wood-bridge, N. J. Workers voted for the United Steelworkers of America, AFL-CIO, to repre OF PARTICULAR interest to Illinois is a note from the National Public Personnel Association pointing out that 18 states now have legislation prohibiting strikes by public employes. Illinois, as observers of the 75th General Assembly might know, is on the verge of becoming the 19th. Republicans in the House and Senate have introduced measures aimed at making work slowdowns or stoppages at public places illegal.

Sen. Arthur R. Gottschalk, R-Flossmoor, has a bill which makes a strike by public employes a misdemeanor punishable by fine and imprisonment. The Senate GOP leadership, however, has confined its anti-strike proposals to one which would sever public employes from their pension funds. In the House, Majority Leader William Pollack wants to introduce an amendment to Rep.

John W. Lewis' bill which permits collective bargaining between public employers and employes. The Pollack amendment would state that such employes cannot strike or engage in slowdown activities. The Illinois Supreme Court has already ruled that public employes do not have the right to strike. But some legislators say the best way to insure that the court's decision is enforced is to have legislation that it.