The La Crosse Tribune from La Crosse, Wisconsin • Page 1

FINAL EDITION ribum WEATHER Fair with little temperature changa tonight, Sunday, Partly cloudy Monday. Low tonight, 40; high Sunday, 60. VOLUME 53. NUMBER 140 EIGHT PAGES LACROSSE, WISCONSIN, SATURDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 5, 1957 PRICE SEVEN CENTS Russia Launches Man's First U.S. Strives Course Of To Determine Earth Satellite RADIO SIGNAL IS PICKED UP WASHINGTON CP) American strove today to chart the course of the first earth satellite, sent into the skies Friday by Huslia.

Radio signals from the manmade moon were reported picked up by government agencies. There were similar reports from Russia, Britain, Canada and Japan. There were also a number of reports from observers in this country that the satellite had been sighted. it it it But officials at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in Cambridge, said it was not yet visible to observers. The observatory is headquarters of the network of stations set up to track the satellites this country plans to launch.

Dr. Fred L. Whipple, director of the observatory, said computations have determined that the rocket is invisible because of the relation of its course to the position of the sun. He said scientists there believe the tiny moon was fired in a west-to-east direction. A Japanese scientist reported observing the satellite by telescope over Niigata, Japan.

The scientist reported it was traveling southwest by northeast. Dr. Richard W. Porter, chairman of the technical panel of earth satellites for the International Geophysical Year, said here that an approximate orbit had been computed. He said the satellite should have whizzed over Philadelphia this morning, and that succeeding passes would cross the Midwest and the Pacific Coast.

Porter said the approximate orbit was figured out by piecing together bits of information from amateur, commercial and government radio receiving stations both in this country and He said radio signals from the satellite be strong enough to be heard on amateur communications receivers throughout most of New England and the north Atlantic during the predicted pass over Philadelphia. The Soviet is broadcasting on lower frequencies. At Pasadena, Dr. Henry L. Richter Jr.

of the California In- i statute of Technology said special equipment intercepted the transmission of coded information from the satellite. the Russians give us a he said, may not be able to decipher tile The artificial moon was circling the globe every 95 minutes 560 miles out in space and at a speed of 18,000 miles an hour. The Russians gave no orbit for the satellite. One Moscow broadcast said Soviet scientists are tracking the satellite with special telescopes. U.S.

scientists already have announced plans for another preliminary test in their own attempt to get a baby moon aloft. The Defense Department said the Naval Research radio tracking system had recorded three passes of the Russian artificial moon over the United apparently in the vicinity of Washington, the other two farther West. This report came in just before midnight (EDT). From moonwatch stations in scattered parts of the country came reports of the first visual sightings of the pioneer satellite, which the Russians said is 23 inches in diameter and weighs 185 pounds. This is more than eight times as heavy as the 20-inch satellite planned by Hie United States.

The Soviets announced in Moscow they had sent up the first artificial moon and that it was streaking around the earth, 560 miles out in space. The Russian news agency Tass said the satellite takes one hour and 35 minutes to circle the globe. In Cambridge, the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory center for the moonwatch the first sighting was reported by a station in Terre Haute, Ind. Other sightings were said to have been made in Columbus, Ohio, and Whittier, Calif. Engineers for RCA communications in New York picked up radio signals on the wave length of the baby moon.

Ham radio operators in a number of places reported detecting the sound. American scientists, who have repeatedly insisted there has been no race to launch the first earth satellite, were lavish in mouth roil SOUTH SATELLITE ORBITS Black Line Shows Approximate Orbit Of Russian Satellite. U. S. Globe, When Launched, Will Follow White Line Orbit.

(Unifax) SATELLITE AT A GLANCE (By The Associated Press) Union announces it has launched the first man-made satellite circling the globe every 95 minutes 560 miles out in space. scientists compute an approximate orbit of the Soviet satellite roaring through space, while U. S. satellite test preparations are underway. NEW frontier-smashing satellite brings new prestige to the Soviet Union and congratulations from scientists.

citizens last to learn of successful launching. Soviet government directed first announcement to foreign countries. Rudolph Hermann, University of Minnesota scientist, says Russians won satellite race because U. S. workers were not allotted sufficient funds.

WEST HARTFORD, amateur radio operators asked to help track satellite by radio. Many already have picked up signals. IO 5 NOTES ON THE NEWS far must the dollar shrink before play money can buy Michener Among 13 Safe In Ditching GUAM 13 passengers and crewmen, including author James A. Michener, escaped safely Friday when their Air Force C47 ditched in the ocean three miles north of Iwo Jima. Everyone aboard the twin engine plane escaped into a life raft and was later picked up by a boat -and returned to Iwo Jima.

Michener, author of several best sellers including Tales of the South Pacific and Return to Paradise, went on to Japan while the others were airlifted back to Anderson Air Force Base on Guam. Pilot Capt. A. K. Lambert said he had engine failure shortly after take-off from Iwo Jima and could not maintain altitude.

The Air Force released a list of passengers and crewmen including S. Sgt. Marvin W. Smith, River Falls, Wis. NOT VISIBLE: OBSERVATORY By JAMES F.

SMITH CAMBRIDGE, OB Scientists at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory said today they are quite certain the Russian earth satellite is not visible to observers. Dr. Fred L. Whipple, director of the observatory, said: won the first round with the the Russians have won the second with tile space He said reports that the manmade moon had been sighted were erroneous, that observers probably saw meteors or high flying aircraft. Scientists said the satellite is streaking around the world at 18,000 miles an hour in such a position that the glare of the sun makes, it invisible to observers where moon watch stations are set up.

The announcement came after they had worked through the night to plot the orbit of the 185-pound sphere as it whizzes around the globe 560 miles out in space. Dr. Whipple said the sun obscures observation of the satellite in all parts of the world except near the poles. Iii two or three weeks, he added, the satellite might change direction and be visible from the earth. ft it ft Some 80 moon watchers, members of the earth satellite optical Link Binding Humans To 3 Earth Broken By ATON L.

BLAKESLEE (Associated Press Science Reporter) NEW YORK WI Russia has won a race to step first into space with a baby moon. It brings her enormous popular prestige, and worldwide congratulations of scientists. Something fashioned by human hands and minds is whirling around tile world as a Columbus of space. That's the tremendous initial impact. A link is broken in tile chain binding humans to earth.

Baby moons are tile first messengers to tell us what space is like, to answer some mysteries of the void between earth, sun and stars. ii ft if Now Uie burning question is: Just how elusive is tins first messenger, and what will it actually tell us about space? It can be valuable only if: Scientists or amateurs in Russia or anywhere else can spot it often enough to learn its orbit, to predict where it goes next, and so learn what happens to it. It radios back information about what it learns. It lasts long enough before falling back close to earth and perishes like a shooting star. Answers to these critical points are still awaited.

It will take at least several pretty accurate and separated of the position to learn its orbit, to predict when you might see it in the dawn or dusk sky with binoculars. it it Its path must be known before tracking program in the western, changes in its path have solid hemisphere and Japan were noti-: meaning. How much it is slowed fied to cease observation duties down will tell scientists how dense after the scientists determined the terribly, terribly thin- path of the satellite. the air is at such high al- An astronomer, who declined tildes. Or how many meteorites use of his name, said it was ob- or cosmic dust the moon is bump; ing into.

Moscow, announcmg its triumph only hours after the launching, scientists outside the Iron Curtain. has not yet reported success in Nevertheless reports of seeing accurate tracking, the artificial moon were received The huge 185-pounder- at the observatory. Spotters re- carries a Radio ported sighting it over Terre could help determine its path. Haute, Columbus, Ohio; and This moon is broadcasting on in California at Whittier, San restively low radio Francisco and Walnut Creek. 20 and 40 megacycles.

These, say Fletcher G. Watson, Harvard may by astronomer, explained recently the earth.s high air and make that approximately 24 million vis-; more accurately to tole meteors enter the at-; jud moon-s real potion, mosphere everyday and that un- planned moons will send der ideal additions a single ob-'si als at a much hlgher fre- server might see as many as IO an hour. Russia has not indicated that ft if ii she has telescopic cameras which In addition, Watson said in his orbit is known-could This Photo, taken for Fortune Magazine, shows model of inner workings of earth satellite which U. S. intends to launch during International Geophysical Year.

(Fortune Magazine Photo from Unifax) Circling Earth At Great Speed By HAROLD K. MILKS MOSCOW Soviet Union announced today it launched the first man-made satellite 560 miles out in space and it now is circling the globe at tremendous speed. The dramatic claim that Russia had beaten the United States in the satellite race came in an announcement saying the artificial moon was launched yesterday by multiple-stage rockets. The site of the launching was not given. Hie instrument-laden globe was described as 23 inches in diameter and weighing 185 pounds.

The announced weight is about Hint times that of a projected 22-inch U. S. earth satellite. ft ft it An announcement by the official agency Tass said the moon was circling the globe every hour and 35 minutes. It transmits radio signals back to the earth as it hurls along.

The launching carne just three months and four days after the opening of the International Geophysical Year (IGY), a concerted program by the scientists to learn more of the secrets. Tass said the moon can be ob- FACTS AT AGLANCE Satellite Travels 18,000 M. P. H. At 560 Miles Up; Weighs 185 Lbs vious that the Russians chose the sun plane angle deliberately in order to thwart observation by (By The AuocUted Here are pertinent facts concerning toe Russian earth satellite: Friday at a secret site.

Multiple-stage rockets propelled it into its orbit. inches in diameter. pounds, or nine times that of a similar satellite being readied by the United States. miles. miles an hour, circling the earth in I hour, 36 minutes and 2 seconds, according to Russia.

ft ft ft stated, but presumably round. a i equipment and perhaps instruments to provide scientific data on conditions at the high altitude. by Russia to be north-to-south at an angle of 65 degrees to the equator, which would bring it over the U. S. at intervals.

signals picked up by numerous experts and amateurs with shortwave radio equipment. Satellite transmits at three-second intervals on frequencies of 20.005 aud 40.02 wavelengths 15 and 7.5 meters. Visibility to eye and telescope reports. Japanese scientist reported seeing it through a telescope, Americans also report However. astrophysical experts say orbit such that glare makes impossible to view.

ft ft ft gather information on space, presumably transmitting some of it back by coded radio signals. Scientists outside Russia may not be able to decode without more information from Russia. Soviet jet propalsion expert said it is forerunner of flights to the moon. Military at present. Future of last days or weeks.

Eventual disintegration expected as speed drops and satellite falls into denser atmosphere. Polish Student Unrest Growing; Police Ready in book the sev eral thousand meteors so brilliant that they could be called fireballs appear over the earth every day. Most people seldom observe the sky for more than a few moments at a time and they fail to see these shooting stars which are constantly appearing in the atmosphere. TRIB'S BLANCHARD FINDS: Easterners Have 'Yank Refuse To See Braves' Fine Play Blanchard By KEN BLANCHARD (Tribune Editor) MILWAUKEE, is a direct contrast of viewpoints between the East and Midwest when it comes to professional baseball, particularly insofar as the New York Yankees are concerned. In New York, baseball and the World Series mean just one thing to the Yankees.

Practically right down the goes for the newspaper men, New York American League ball club is superior to all others. Certainly the Yankees have a sensational record over the years, but these people are so imbued with the they fail to give opposition a fair shake. ft it Some interpreted New opening game victory as a case of jitters on the part of the Braves, when actually it was Whitey great pitching in the clutch which stopped Milwaukee. Ford was a major league pitcher that day and the Braves touch him, especially when they had him on the ropes. The Braves that's a nasty word, the third base line.

Lanky Lew er the opener, the Braves came back in the second to win the game they had to take. After Wes Covington made that sensational catch off Bobby Shantz in the second inning of game I turned to a New York writer behind me and said: supposed to be our worst fielding The answer: is our worst hitter, When Burdette made the mistake of fielding Jerry dribbler along the third base line and Slaughter scored to tie the game at 1-1, the same man offered: guys know what it means to play under ft ft ft Afterward, Burdette said he fielded the ball because he thought he had a chance to tag Slaughter. At the last instant Del Crandall yelled for Lew to let the ball roll foul, but the pitcher had already grabbed it and Slaughter brushed past to score. As everything worked out the Braves continued to make the big play throughout the game while the Yankees came up with two errors. In the seventh this so-called failed again to bother the Braves, with Berra on third and Slaughter on second, made the key on half-swing roller down did just that and Berra remained at third.

Again in the ninth when the Yankees got two singles the Braves crumble when the pressure was on. John Logan held Elston Howard to a single with that diving stop at short. He even tried to flip the ball to Red Schoendienst at second for a force play, but had little chance since he was flat on his back. stop was the big thing, it held runners at first and second and the Braves got the force- out on the ensuing play. ft ft ft Despite convincing second game victory, Yankee backers still feel the New Yorkers are in.

I suppose there are many followers just as convinced Milwaukee is a certain World Series victor. But the attitude of the Midwesterner, I have found, is vastly different. Milwaukee fans are confident of their players, but at the same time they realize the opposition is major league all the way. Milwaukee people give the Yankees full credit, because they are a great organization. Here's hoping we convince the Easterners we have a great outfit, too.

There are 12,500 taxi cabs in New York and I believe I rode in most of them. be surprised how many of the cabbies are anti-Yankee. Maybe it was because they knew their fare was detect the slightest variations in its path and their meaning. The Soviet success means, too, they have achieved a most difficult task in rocketry. ft ft ft Just shooting a rocket hundreds of miles high is not the problem.

It is to make the multistage rocket turn in its flight to be parallel to the earth. Then the last rocket kicks the moon forward in a great surge so its speed counterbalances the pull of gravity, and it stays in an orbit. This requires the most difficult kind of rocket guidance and controls. And they report their moon is nine times heavier than the planned U.S. moons a weight amazing American scientists.

Russian scientists said the moon See EARTH, Page 6 THIS IS NATIONAL NEWSPAPER WEEK WHY? were lavish in their many Easterners figured. After be- needed a quick throw to Joe Ad- a Milwaukee backer, but for the See U. Page 6i ing one down to the Yankees aft-1 cock at first to nip Simpson. He See YANKEES, Page 6 Your newspaper tells the WHY of the news as men see it, in its editorial page. It is a forum for reader, columnist and editor.

The news columns tell the story of man; this page tells what he thinks of hfe world, and how he would shape it. WARSAW growing crowd of students swelled outside Warsaw Polytechnic School today. Police trucks filled with militiamen stood at the alert in nearby side streets. The town was quiet after two nights of street fighting in demonstrations against press censorship and rough police tactics. Heavy police detachments stood ready throughout the capital.

Police trucks were seen with registration plates of other cities. For the first time patrols of internal security corps appeared on. the streets. After Friday fighting, they patrolled in threes, with carbines on their backs. The street battling rolled up to the doors of Communist Party headquarters, where the central committee was reported in emergency session, before the demonstration was smashed.

Unlike the fighting of Thursday night, which was confined to an area around the Polytechnic school, the violence this time spread to three sections of Warsaw. And for the first time, other Poles joined the 2,000 students in their defiance of government force. ft ft ft The demonstrators hurled bricks and shouted a reference to the Nazi secret police. They tossed back tear gas bombs thrown by the police. Government forces beat the demonstrators with rubber truncheons, scattered them with tear gas and noise bombs and finally restored order after five hours of fighting.

No figures were available on the number of demonstrators arrested and injured. Many were rushed to hospitals in ambulances. The rioting began after students had met peacefully and demanded the return of Po Prostu, a student newspaper banned Wednesday. The paper had become a symbol of the limited freedom won by Poles when Wladyslaw Gomulka was restored to Communist Party leadership a year ago. The government shut down the paper, contending it had gone too far in its criticism of Stalinism.

The students also demanded immediate release of students arrested in the Thursday night demonstration, an investigation of militia interference, and the removal of a Communist central committee official who reportedly directed the troop action. Defying gqvernment threats of punishment, the students, massed again at the Polytechnic school, where 2,000 students had been routed and 30 arrested the night before. All but eight of those arrested were said to have been freed. The students assembled in the school auditorium and shouted approval of a letter of protest to Gomulka drawn up by the editorial board of Po Prostu. Prof.

Bukowski, a school official, told the students; a member of Parliament, I approve of the methods used by the police yesterday. The nique in the press was The newspapers blamed the first outbreak on sensation seekers and warned that students who took part W'ould be expelled. 'GUN SAFETY SEASON' URGED BY GOVERNOR MADISON hunters were urged" hy Gov. Thomson Wednesday to exercise extraordinary care in using and handling firearms. He proclaimed the hunting season beginning this week as Safety Thomson noted that about 500,000 sportsmen would be using Wisconsin fields and forests this year and that state law requires adequate care in use of firearms.

He cited hunting season deaths and added: is evidence many of these cases could have been prevented by proper safety education, training and People Miserable Under Communism: Speaker (Picture on Page 5) The one fatal thing about Communism is that the who live under it are completely Dan T. Moore, a former counter-intelligence official in the Middle East, told the delegates of the Western Wisconsn Education Friday afternoon. The association closed its two- day convention here Friday. An important course in the Soviet Union is the teaching of capitalism, Moore said, and course the teachings are all But anyone who takes the course never comes out with a favorable attitude towards capitalism, he said. The United States must do the same thing, he said, only with telling the truth.

ft People make a mistake by arguing theory with Communists, he said, because Communist theory! is extremely abstract, and should be argued on what it is in practice. The Communists took over China, he said, by telling the peasants that they would get rid of the landowners, while the United States talked of freedom and free enterprise. In attempting to discredit Communism, the former intelligence officer said, people become over enthusiastic saying it is inefficient. They cite the only example of Communism in America, he said, the Sir Walter Raleigh Colony in the 600s, but colony lacked one essential the principle of regimentation was In a free economy, Moore said, the individual is rewarded for what he does and punished for what he do. In Communism, where there is no reward system, regimentation must be used, he added.

Moore, who said he was drawing from his experiences and contacts with the Soviet system, said, mercilessness of the Communists has to be seen to be believed. Torture systems have been developed to an unbelievable ft ft The people at top echelons, both governmental and political, he said, are less safe than the average person since the contest at the top is and there is no way to get out. one in top echelons lives in constant fear of his he added. The life in Russia is difficult, Moore said, since it is a complete fraud. They are media for Communist propaganda and bes, he added, and the natural relationship of the teacher and the student is lost.

Informers are also in the class See TEACHERS, Page 6 served by simple optical instruments in the evening or early morning. Soviet scientists tracked the tiny satellite by radar and radio. (The man-made moon carnel no propellant. The thrust of the last rocket sends it speeding off at about 18,000 miles an hour. This speed is sufficient to offset the pull of gravity.

It thus keeps circling the earth just like the real moon does. (The Defense Department in Washington said naval researchers Friday recorded three passes of tire Soviet satellite over the United States, one in the vicinity of Washington. Radio signals were picked up from the satellite elsewhere in the United States, Britain and Canada.) ft ft ft The orbit of the man-made moon was not given, Soviet said previously they expected to launch a satellite on a north-south path around the earth. successful launching of the first man-made satellite makes a tremendous contribution to the treasure house of world science and the Tass announcement said. earth satellites will pave the way for space travel and it seems that the present generation will witness how the freed and conscious labor of the people of the new socialist society turns into reality the most bold dreams of The announcement, coming close on the claim Aug.

26 that the Soviet Union had successfully tested the first intercontinental ballistics missile, is expected to have an impact both in the Soviet Union and abroad. U.S. scientists still are making plans to launch their first earth satellite next spring after test siiots this fall. ft it announcement by Tass was spread over the front pages of Pravda and Izvestia without comment. No comment was necessary, however, to tell the Soviet peoplt that their leaders again had carried off a feat whose propaganda value may far outweigh its scientific contributions to IGY studies.

In announcing Soviet plans to launch several artifical moons, Soviet IGY Chairman Ivan P. Bardin and his associates said June 18 the first would be sent aloft within the geophysical year. At the same time they protested they were not in a race with the United States to be first. But the propaganda value of being the first is great in these days when many nations are inclined to choose between the two leading powers of the world. The Tass announcement said the Russians plan to launch several even heavier earth satellites in the next year.

It reported the satellite is fitted with radio transmitters sending continuous signals to earth on the 15 and 7.5-meter wave lengths. It added the signals could be received easily by amateurs. ft ft it The announcement said the satellite was appearing over Moscow this morning but gave no other points on the course. A Moscow radio broadcast said Soviet scientific stations still are trying to determine the exact trajectory. The scientists were running into difficulty because the density of the rarified upper strata at the great height of 560 miles is not definitely known.

They said the satellite will burn up when it settles into denser layers. The first Tass announcement said the flight be observed in the rays of the rising and setting sun with the aid of the simplest optical instruments, such as binoculars and spy Tass said the launching was planned in accordance with ths program of IGY. a result of the intensive work by research institutes and designing Tass said, first artificial earth satellite in the world has now been created. first satellite was success- See SATELLITE, Page.