Evening star from Washington, District of Columbia • 92

4 Scientific and Literary Club to Have Golden Event ALICE WATTS HOSTETLER. FIVE of the men who were among the founders of the Cosmos Club 50 years ago will celebrate tomorrow' the golden anniversary of that event. Dr. W. H.

Holmes. Dr. Henry S. Pritchett. Dr.

Otto H. Tittmann. Dr H. C. Yarrow and H.

W. Henshaw are scholars whose names graced the first roll of the club and are on the list of members today. Dr. Holmes and Dr. Pritchett will speak at the fiftieth anniversary meeting, over which the president of the club.

Wendell Phillips Stafford, associate justice of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia, will preside. Although he wAs only eight years from his college graduation at the time he became one of the founders of the club, William Henry Holmes had already established himself as a young man who would merit the honors which later came to him. As director of the National Gallery of Art he looks back over a series of positions, any one of which would honor a man. He has been chief of the Bureau of American Ethnology, cu' rator of anthropology of the National Museum and of the Art Gallery. He is a member of a long list of honorary societies and was president of the Washington Academy of Sciences.

Dr. Pritchett has engaged in important expeditions for astronomical investigation, has been president of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, is president of the Carnegie Foundation for Advancement of Teaching and wears the rosette of the Legion of Honor. The three other living founders achieved fame in different lines, Mr. Henshaw as a naturalist. Dr.

Yarrow as a surgeon and Dr. Tittmann as a geodesist. Dr. was surgeon and naturalist for the expedition ex- ploring the territory west of the 100th meridian, member of the medical sac- ulty of George Washington University for 30 years, and curator of reptiles of the United States National Mu- seum. It was Dr.

Tittmann who repre-1 sented the United States in settling the boundary between Alaska and Canada. He has been superintendent of the United States Coast and detic Survey and president of the Na- tional Geographic Society. Leland Ossian Howard is chairman of the committee which is arranging for I the gathering whose brilliance, if meas- ured in watts, would rival Broadway at night. Dr. Roland Cotton Smith, known in Washington as the former rector of St.

will return for the occasion as a speaker. Dr. Harvey Wiley, George Otis Smith, Charles E. Munroe and Marcus Benjamin will address the audience of scholars. If their engagements will permit, Ray Stannard Baker.

Gifford Pinchot and Livingston Farrand. president of Cornell University, will come to speak. 'T'HERE are 59 names written on the page of the minutes of the Cosmos Club, dated January 6, 1879, and before the date of the annual election January 13 one more was added, making the original 60 members planned for. In a letter inviting the 60 charter members to form a club which today is world renowned, John W. Powell, the first president, outlined the purposes and reasons for the organization of a club In Washington on the models of the Century Club of New York and the Scientific Club of London, to be called the Scientific Club of Washington, and to be composed cf devoted to or interested in science, professionally or He elaborated the Idea by adding, is conceived that such an organization for purely social purposes Is necessary in this city.

It is intended to procure clubrooms in some central part of the city, which are to be open during the afternoon and evening only; to form a library of period cals; to provide only extremely simple refreshments, at least at first, and. in general, to make a place where it will be possible far members of the club to meet socially at any time under pleasant He was authorized to send out this letter at a preliminary meeting held in his home on November 16. 1878. when a group of men of gregarious instincts with scientific tastes laid the foundation of the club which honors men in bestowing membership. It is not surprising but rather quite Emery, Last Mayor of Washington, Was Conspicuous Leader BY JOHN CLAGETT PROCTOR.

THE question has been asked the writer: "When was the right to vote taken away from the citizens of To begin with, the people of the National Capital never had full suffrage, and except for the single occasion when they voted as a part of Maryland in the presidential election of 1800, they never exercised the right accorded all other normal American citizens. In connection with this isolated Instance, and, as a matter of fact, no particular candidate received the prescribed majority of all electoral votes. Thomas Jefferson, who ran as a Republican, received 73: Aaron Burr, also a Republican, and who resided on street where now stands the Press Club received the same number; John Aaams, the incumbent and a Federalist, obtained 65. and another Federalist, Charles C. Pinckney, 64.

John Jay, the first Chief Justice, received but one vote. The choice devolving upon the House of Representatives, Jefferson received the votes of 10 States, which, being the largrst vote cast for a candidate, elected him President. Burr received the votes of four States, which being the next largest, elected him Vice President. (CHRISTIAN HINES, in his "Early Recollections of Washington has this interesting account of the election held in Georgetown in 1800 for the selection of the President: house was a one-story frame and stood on High street between Bridge and Water streets, and a little east of the canal bridge. George Peter, who was then a lieutenant in the Regular Army, had, I think, his re- cruitlng office in a three-story brick house directly south of the tavern, or pretty near where flour warehouse now stands.

In those days there were two political Federals and Republicans. The Federal party upheld Mr. Adams and the Republican party supported Mr. Jefferson. "Well, the ballot box was brought and the polling of votes commenced, while a large crowd, as is usual on such I occasions, was gathered in front of the tavern.

After the election had con-1 tinued some time, and the bad whisky had begun to operate, some of the crowd began to dispute and quarrel and perhaps a few had already the mortification of having been knocked down. It was very muddy in front of the tavern, a rain having descended but a short time previously, so that the mud and water were nearly ankle deep. The whisky operated more and more until nearly the whole crowd was in motion. "At length a man named Shipley stepped out and challenged any man of the opposite party to come out and fight him, promising to whip him if he would do so. A short time elapsed, when Lieut.

Peter, who was of the opposite party, undertook to furnish a man to fight Shipley. So he sent for one of his enlisted soldiers, named Lovejoy, w'ho accepted the challenge and appeared ready for the fray. He was a very large man, well proportioned and stood about six feet high. Shipley was nearly the same height, and very bony and muscular, but not so stout as Lovejoy. "The crowd having formed a ring, the combatants went into the fight with a will, those in the crowd occa- sionally cheering and otherwise encouraging their choice of the men.

In thaw the practices of confine, VA.wipt wEL DR. L. O. HOWARD, CHAIRMAN OF COMMITTEE PLANNING ANNIVERSARY OF THE COSMOS CLUB. natural that a club of this kind should develop in Washington, for it has pointed out that the was ripe for its formation.

Washington with its scientific bureaus was a lodcatcne which attracted brilliant men. As the sciemific and governmental center of the United States, it Invited more men in science and public service than any other city. Artists and I literary men of distinction were found here, too. In the Coast and Geodetic and Geologirsl Surveys, the Bureau of Entomology, I Naval Observatory, the Signal Servl the Weather Bureau other governmental departments, and the Smithsonian Institution were men who had common interests. To them i a place for the exchange of ideas and i the meeting of others with similar tastes was valuable and pleasurable.

There were other men in the District of Coi lurobia eligible to membership, who had come to the Capital to conduct research work at the Library of Congress or in many of the departments. A LTHOUGH in forming a club which 4 cultivated scientific and art interests the suggestion was made that the one in Washington be like the Century Club of New Ycrk, it was not the aim. nor has it been the result, to Imitate it exactly. Membership in the Cosmos Club is an honor, but it is not meant to be one crowning a achievements. Rather it is to stimulate the men who are engaged in making their mark in the learned world.

Instead of a staid club where only those who have arrived may bask in the glory of their achievements, it is a place for them to enjoy while they are making the grade. There was a club back in those times which by a two-part system satisfied both the minds and the gregarious instincts of men of brains. At the meetings of the Philosophical Society held In Ford's Theater, on Tenth street, formal papers were read to men who were capable of understanding them. The only visitors at these meetings were others of established reputation in science or philosophy. After a stimulating program on an abstruse subject it was customary for those present to enjoy social contacts by adjourning to a nearby restaurant for beer and pretzels.

It was but pnother step to bind cold science and the social amenities into a club. Many members of the Philosophical Society upon invitation became members of the Cosmos Club. It was not by chance that this more completely organized group received the name that signifies world as an orderly The name of the club was chosen by ballot. Out of 27 votes cast. 21 were in favor of the name and "Joseph were other names considered.

When it was pointed out that consistency demanded the spelling of with if Cosmos were spelled that way, the founders decided to cling to the alliterative and usual C's. ALEXANDER R. SHEPHERD, GOVERNOR OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA IN 1373 4. choking and biting were very much in vogue among the bullies, and when one would succeed in getting the other down the first thing he would do would be to feel for his eyes, and there insert his thumb or finger, and, if possible, force out an eye. If he could not succeed thus in making his opponent cry enough, he would seize him by the throat and choke him.

when, if he would signify that he had enough, the bystanders would separate them. In this case, however, Shipley and Lovejoy pounded each other a while, then closed and wrestled until one of them slipped and they fell in the mud together. Shipley proved too active for his adversary, and succeeded in getting on top of him, when he instantly felt for eyes, which he smeared full of mud. The crowd DR. WILLIAM TINDALL, SECRETARY TO GOVS.

COOKE AND 1 SHEPHERD. AND STILL CONNECTED vWITH THE DISrRICT GOVERNMENT. THE SUNDAY STAR. WASHINGTON, D. NOVEMBER 11, 1928-PART T.

Cosmos Roster of Men of Achievement Gives Distinction to Observance of Half- Century Milestone in Its Progress as Social Who Have Led in Its Work During Th is Period. i i 4 THE COSMOS CLUB OF TODAY. COMPOSED OF THREE DOLLY MADISON HOUSE ON THE CORNER, THE MAIN BUILDING AT THE RIGHT CENTER. AND THE BENJAMIN OGLE TAYLOE HOUSE AT EXTREME LEFT. The first officers of the club were: President, Maj.

John W. Powell; vice president, Prof. William Harkness; secretary. Prof. E.

S. Holden; treasurer. Dr. John S. Billings; trustees, Copt.

E. C. Dutton, Dr. J. C.

Welling, and Col. Garrick Mallery. Less than a month after the first meeting when men started a elub that was to become even more unusual with the years, rooms were rented in the Corcoran Building. The first home was situated on that corner of Pennsylvania avenue and Fifteenth street which is opposite the Treasury and is now occupied by the Washington Hotel. At one time $53 rent was paid monthly for 2.200 feet of space in a six-room suite! There is some question in the minds of those who look at the picture of that neighborhood at the time of the opening of the Cosmos Club as to why rooms were necessary at all.

Except for protection from the weather and the comforts of armchairs, there seems to be no reason why even scientists could not have held their meetings in that quiet street. A few horses and buggies, the crawling horsecar. and an occasional passerby strolling across did not bring confusion to the broad avenue. There was not a policeman's shrill whistle to crack the calm and there was no such heinous offense as 1 fPI I MATTHEW G. EMERY, LAST MAYOR OF WASHINGTON.

then parted them, raised Lovejoy up, and proceeded to wash the mud from his eyes and face. But, alas! Lovejoy was a blind man for the remainder of his days. Since then I have seen him led about the streets of Georgetown by a boy. With Shipley, who was a tailor and lived in Georgetown, I was well Let it be also clearly understood that the people of Washington have never been permitted to vote for Representatives in Congress, as do the States of the Union, although they are more directly interested than the rest of the country, since all of their affairs are exclusively controlled, according to the Constitution, by the legislative branch of the National Government. OCALLY, according to the judgment of Congress, Washington has had several forms of government.

Its first charter, granted by Congress on May 3. 1802, provided for the government of the city by a mayor, to be appointed annually-by the President, and for an I elective council of 12 members, divided i into a "first of seven members, and a of five members. Under this charter Robert Brent was appointed the first mayor and served from 1802 to 1811, when he resigned, Daniel Rapine being appointed by President Madison to fill 1 his unexpired term, afhd when the charter into eftret, on June which provided for the election going up the left-hand side of the street. Hitching with the horse headed the wrong way was quite ail right, for even one-half the avenue was not one way. There, in a pie-shaped room whose broad side was on the corner, another fair-sized one.

and a cloakroom, members could drop in from noon until midnight, to enjoy the amenities of club life. After the first few months of adjustments, when a code of by-laws and rules and regulations was established. the board of management authorized the serving of punch at monthly meetings. Perhaps this hospitality was one of the reasons that during the first year it was necessary to take additional rooms. Never applauding prominence, but always recognizing merit, the club entertains men who contribute to the art and scientific worlds w'hen they visit in Washington.

Membership is now extended to those of intellectual qualification and of proficiency in literature, art and as well as to those who have achieved distinction in science. AT first the number of members in scientific fields overbalanced the others, the Geological Survey having the most men in the club. Some years ago Dr. Holmes classified the election of the mayor by the city councils, he was selected to succeed himself. In like manner Dr.

James H. Blake was appointed to succeed Mayor Rapine in June. 1813, and contimfed to serve by selection until 1816, being followed with one term by Benjamin Orr (1817-8) and Samuel N. Smallwood, who was selected by the city councils in 1819 and served until the new charter went into effect in 1820. The new charter provided for popular ballot, and under this system Mayor Smallwood was elected and served until succeeded in 1822 by Thomas Carbery.

In June, 1824, Mr Smallwood was again elected, but died on September 30 following. The system of electing the mayor by popular ballot continued down until the territorial form of government went into effect under the act of Congress approved February 21. 1871. During the meantime the following mayors served subsequent to Mayor Smallwood: Roger C. Weightman, Joseph Gales, John P.

Van Ness, William A. Bradley, Peter Force, William W. Seaton, Walter Lennox. John W. Maury, John T.

Towers, William B. Magruder, James G. Berret, Richard Wallach. Sales J. Bowen, and, lastly, Matthew G.

Emery, who was elected in June, 1870, and served until June 1, 1871. Os the 20 mayors perhaps the name of Matthew Gault Emery is best remembered, principally, no doubt, because the period of his service was the most recent, and also because he into 11 descriptive groups as follows: biologists, anthropologists, chemists and astronomers including many scientific men; writers of prose, poetry and literary men; painters, engravers and men of genius; doctors, dentists, physicians and specialistsbut no quacks; no shysters; Army and Navy officers all heroes; teachers and professors, and some educators; preachers and divines: bankers and financiers; designers of architects; statesmen, diplomats, secretaries, directors, chiefs, superintendents, chief clerks, office holders and others; some 400 in all, and absolutely select. Scanning the list of members of the Cosmos Club is like reading Who although reading Who's Who is not like reviewing the membership of the club. It is specifically mentioned in the by-laws that the club shall be composed of men who have done meritorious original work in science, literature or the fine arts; who though not occupied in science, literature or the fine arts, are well known to be cultivated in a specific department thereof; who are recognized as distinguished in a learned profession or in public service. Consequently, the roll reveals names that are known In intellectual circles i i RESIDENCE OF GEN.

GRANT WHEN INAUGURATED PRESIDENT. THE HOUSE, AT I ST. NORTHWEST, WAS EATER OWNED BY GEN. W. T.

SHERMAN AND WAS THE LAST HOME OF MATTHEW G. EMERY. was the last of a loong line of distinguished Washingtonians who served as mayor of the city, still being well within the memory of so many, since he was actively engaged In the banking business here until his death, on October 12. 1901. Like so many of foremost men, Mr.

Emery knew what it was to be poor, and consequently knew what, it was to cam his living by the sweat of his brow. That he rose to be the chief executive only shows the real character of the man who left his New England farm at the age of 19 for the purpose of winning his way in the great world before him. For three years he resided in Baltimore, to which city he had been preceded by John Emery, an elder brother, and here he determined to become an architect and builder, and in order to fit himself for this work and the belter to master the elements of his chosen vocation he patiently served the time required to make of himself a skilled stonecutter. IT was In part Mr. cel ability that caused him to leave Baltimore in 1842 and permanently settle in Washington, where he built up a reputation that placed him In the front ranks with the best people of the the world over.

There are many which are glamorous even to the layman. The names of the men who have presided over the Cosmos Club are significant. One appears In this office as merely H. W. Wiley.

It is Dr. Harvey Wiley who classifies himself as dietitian and w'ho is known everywhere as the grand old man who made eating a science as well as a habit. One of the presidents of the Cosmos Club was the man who brought geography into the home. Gilbert Grosvenor Another was Herbert Putnam, who is responsible for the most usable large collection of books in the w'orld, that of the Library of Congress. Charles Edward Munroe, inventor of smokeless powder and authority on explosives; George K.

Burgess, director of that mainspring of science in the United States, the Bureau of Standards; Gifford Pinchot, the conservationist, and Charles L. Marlatt. who is chief of the Bureau of Entomology, all former presidents, demonstrate the breadth and depth of learning at home in this club of reason. It has been suggested that an investigation would reveal that the longevity, of members of the Cosmos Club is greater than that found in other clubs. The reasons why these scholars live to a city.

It was in 1840 that work on the old Post Office Department Building, at Seventh and streets, was begun, and Mr. Emery, then living in Maryland. received his first Government contract for furnishing stone for this structure. For the purpose of faithfully fulfilling his obligation he immediately went with a force of men to the quarry, where he personally directed for the next two years the cutting of the necessary stone for the building. Later Mr.

Emery held the contract for furnishing a part of the stone of the extension of the Capitol Building, and personally cut the cornerstone, which he assisted President Fillmore in laying on July 4, 1851, when Daniel Webster officiated as the orator. Mr. Emery, with his force, also prepared. cut and squared, and on the Fourth of July, 1848. himself laid the cornerstone of the Washington Monument.

For this he received the thanks of the board of directors, it being signed by John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay and Robert C. Wlnthrop, among others. His first elective office was as a member of the city Board of Aldermen, to which he was elected in 1855 and again in 1856 After this he seems to have avoided politics until 1870, when he ran for mayor on the Republican fIK DR. WILLIAM H. HOLMES, FOUNDER AND SPEAKER AT THE TWENTY-FIFTH AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARIES OF THE COSMOS CLUB.

ripe old age are- suggested, too. They are men who have not engaged in the stress of business competition, who have avoided the tribulations of amassing wealth, and who are occupied with the work they love. They are contented, but not static: curious, but not acquisitive. Unlike business men they do not work to be able to stop work, but they outline long programs of investigations, study and research which keep them young in the anticipation of accomplishment. TNR.

L. O. HOWARD, who lias served this country in war as a member of the committee on agriculture of the National Council of Defense and in peace in the Public Health Service, the Bureau of Entomology and the National Museum, and who is also an officer of the Legion of Honor, pays a tribute to the wives of members of the Cosmos Club. He says that they are women who have understood the ambitions of scientists and artists and who have not urged them into grooves where they must concentrate on building up fortunes for social advancement. He adds that whereas careers can be ruined or turned away from real achievement by constant pressure for money or social position, they can be made by sympathetic understanding.

On the other hand, this statement may be another tribute to the scholar, because he exercises wisdom in selecting a wife. Although membership did not increase rapidly, because of the conservative policy of the club, it increased steadily, arid in a few years it was necessary to move the headquarters from Pennsylvania avenue. In 1883 the Cosmos Club was moved into the neighborhood where it has grown and prospered ever since. A house was rented on Madison place and later Dolly house, on the corner at street, was purchased. At the present time the club property is composed of three units Dolly Madison house, the main building, which joins on Madison place, and the next-door residence, the Benjamin Ogle Tayloe house.

Even the houses which provide the headquarters have as brilliant records as the members. The widowed Dolly Madison lived in the one at Madison place and street for 12 years, attracting a salon that might compare favorably with a board meeting of the club. Senators Don Cameron and Mark Hanna have at different times occupied the Tayloe house, named for the cotemporary of the colorful Dolly. However, in spite of the fact that the buildings have been altered and equipped to serve the Increased membership, the time has come when the Cosmos Club is faced with the choice of not receiving into membership men who are most decidedly worthy of the honor, or obtaining larger quarters. It is just possible to serve the needs of the approximately 1,700 members, wno are HENRY D.

COOKE, FIRST GOVERNOR OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, IN 1871-3. ticket. In this election, which took place on June 6, party lines were disregarded, the principal object being to defeat the incumbent. Sales J. Bowen, and in this Mr.

Emery had the support particularly of the business men of the city, who saw in his judgment a reliable and safe man for the office. When the vote was counted Mr. Emery was found to have received 10,076. Mr. Bowen 6,882 and MaJ.

A. C. Richards 1, making Mr. majority 3,193. On Monday, June 27, 1870.

the last mayor took the catii of office before the Board of Aldermen and Board of Common Council, the members of the sixty-eighth and last Council who governed the city with Mayor Emery appear 1 the names of some of most prominent men of the past who helped to build the city in which we are privileged to live. In the Board of Aidermen were John S. Crocker, president: D. M. Davis, Carter A.

Stewart, W. H. Chase, A. R. Shepherd, T.

C. Connolly. W. W. Moore.

Jacob H. Crossman, George Gulick, William H. Slater, Donald McCathran, Charles Champion, vice president: L. G. Hine, Sidney S.

Baker, and Charles L. Hulse. secretary. The common council included Charles H. Holden, president; E.

E. Brooks, J. F. Murray, W. A.

A. F. Moulden. H. H.

Piper. George Burgess. W. H. Pope, R.

C. Lewis, George Winner, P. Robertson, John Benjamin M. McCoy, G. T.

Bassett, Thomis A. Gant, Clarence M. Barton, B. F. Palmer.

F. D. Gaines, William R. Hunt, Anthony Bowen, Thomas Carraher and Arthur Shepherd, secretary. Mayor Emery was prosperous in his enterprises and yet liberal and generous with his earthly goods.

In his day it was only people of means who had two homes. Indeed, comparatively few owned one. His ability, enterprise and thrift, however, put him in the chosen class, and in the Summer he lived in his magnificent home in Brlghtwood, I called Emery Place, and during the Winter months at 205-7 I street north- 1 west. Both of these homes, which are still standing, are of historic importance. about equally divided into resident and non-resident.

Sleeping quarters are I provided, meals are served, separate dining and reception rooms are talned for families and th? usual clubrooms are at the disposal of i the members. In addition, a hall is furnished for the meetings ot societies affiliated with the Washington Academy of Sciences and rooms are available for their board and committee meetings. It has always been the ponry of the club to co-operate in every Vay with scientific organizations. 'J'HIS golden anniversary celebration is not the first anniversary to be honored. In 1903 a formal occasion was made of the twenty-fifth birthday of the club.

Joseph Coverton Horn! blower presided and 260 members were I present. The volume which conla.ns the records of the history of the club and of the celebration in 1902 Is illustrated with a page decoration showing the seal of the club, the dates. 1878-1903, the name of the organization, and the words. Science, Literature, Art and Law. This was a fitting heading for the signatures of those who attended the commemorative exercises.

On this occasion Dr. S. P. Langley, known as head of the Smithsonian and a pioneer in aeronautics, spoke of the pleasure he had enjoyed in this scientific home. He comoared the Cosmos with more formal clubs to the advantage of the former.

He was that there were representatives of the church among the members because of the best preparations for a proper mind in which to meet such possible changes of scientific doctrine lies, then, in the catholic spirit in which we may look out on all life, not on the scientific life 1 alone, and this spirit is fostered in a club which opens its doors wide to all thought, and whose motto might be human is foreign to The address of Maj. E. C. Dutton. U.

S. was read, in which he wrote of the reasons for the founding of the club. He referred to the double meetings of the old Philosophical Society and the informal gatherings at the home of Prof. Henry at the Smithsonian and with Prof. Baird.

They were the forerunners of the club for men with kindred interests. He believed that the policy of selecting only members whose tastes and habits conform to the standards of the club was the reason for its success. Prof. Simon Newcomb, in the naval service, congratulated the members upon their 1 conservatism and the development of an organization to which not wealth, but art, literature and science are im! portant. O.

K. Gilbert commended the op, portunity for men who are quite decided in their views to exchange ideas 1 with those of opposite beliefs without antagonism. He pointed out that meeting opponents only in the arena does not give the same opportunity for developing broadly as exchanging views in the club, and that personal relationships promote mutual appreciation. Binding scientific men by social ties promotes solidarity of their work and influence, according to him. He called the occasion the silver versary of science and culture.

1 Dr. William H. Holmes spoke on that occasion 25 years ago, and will be the only one on that program to repeat tomorrow. He called himself one of the pre-Cosmian elements which crystallized into the Cosmos Club, and was gratified because the club was becom-1 ing known as a promoter of art and art interests. The 50 years that have seen the growth of a'club devoted to intellectual men have also seen stupendous changes in the world without.

Many of them can possibly be traced to the work of the scholars who are members of this organization. Progress in radio, electricity, aeronautics, medicine, public health, agriculture, art and literature has been facilitated by the men who have dedicated themselves to culture. It is impossible to imagine what changes will have taken place when the Cosmos Club celebrates its hundredth anniversary, although many of these scientists, with their long-range reasoning, might be able to prophesy even now. 1 Emery Place Is a landmark of the Civil War period. It was occupied by Mr.

Emery and his family at the beginning of the war, but finding it to of strategic military one of the highest points around Washingtonhe early gave it over to the Army, which i used it as a signal station, and many were the messages transmitted between it and the dome of the Capitol. Depressions, still visible near the house, and raised plateaus of earth indicate the presence of soldiers and tents in the grounds. During the lifetime of William V. Cox. son-in-law of Mayor Emery, a collection was made of Civil War reltcs found on the extensive grounds of Emery Place.

The old mansion still belong to the family and is occupied by Mrs. Cox (formerly Julia Hazeltine Emery) and her son, Capt. Theodore S. Cox, an overseas World War veteran. Mrs.

Cox also has two other children, Emery and Hazel, the latter now Mrs. Charles O. Parks. The Emery house at 205-7 I street Ms cne of three houses known to the old-timer as Minnesota or Douglas row. When the Civil War broke out they were still under construction, and in January.

1862, they were taken over by the Government for hospital purposes and, together with a number of temporary frame buildings erected on the remainder of the square, became known as Douglas Hospital and remained such until December 11, 1865. Originally the three houses were intended for Stephen A. Douglas, Henry M. Rice, first United States Senator from Minnesota, and John C. Breckenridge, Vice President of the United States from 1857 to 1861.

After the war they were completed, and the Breckenridge house, or the one i farthest from Second street, occupied I for a short while by a relative of Gen. Grant, but was shortly afterward I bought and presented to that distinguished soldier by his friends, and here he lived for about two weeks after he was inaugurated President and until he went to the White House. The house was then purchased by friends and presented to Gen. William T. Sherman, who made it his home until he moved from Washington to St.

Louis in I 1875. It then passed into the slon of Mr. Emery, who diod here October 12, 1901. It is now by Mr. and Mrs.

William A. Hannay, soni in-law and daughter of Washington's last mayor. 'JpHE first executive to serve under the teritorial form of government, which went into effect on June 1, 1871. was Gov. Henry D.

Cooke of George; town, who was bom in Sandusky, Ohio, November 23. 1825, and died in Georgetown. D. February 24. 1881.

He re- I signed September 13. 1873. and President Grant immediately appointed to the office Alexander R. Shepherd, who served until June 20 of the following when the present commission form of government went into effect, first as a temporary measure and four years later as a permanent, law. i Alexander R.

Shepherd was a native Washingtonian and was bom in Southiwest on the Island, as we used to Janctary 31, 1835. His career was typical of success. At the age of 10 he was apprenticed to a carpenter and at 17 began to learn the trade. Later he became a partner in the firm of John W. Thomp- son Si plumbers and gaafltters, and finally succeeded to the business in his own name.

From 1861, when he became a member of the Common on Sixth Page.).