Kansas City Journal from Kansas City, Missouri • Page 4

.4 THE KANSAS CITY JOURNAL. SUNDAY, JULY 10, She Kansas 5it Jfimml. Established 1834. THE JOIRXAL COMPANY, Publisher. Rlalto Ninth and Grand Avenue.

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Z3. FocelBn Advertising! The J. U. Van Doren' Special tilth offices fwa-Wt Bojce building. Chicago, and Zl-22 Tribune bolldlng.

New York, sole lor ioMgn advertising. Entered at the Postofflce at Kansas City, Missouri, its second class mail matter. Weather Forecast for Sunday. WASHINGTON. July 3 For Oklahoma and Indlcn Territory: Generally fair wettber: variable winds.

For Vissourlf Fair; warmer In western portions; torlfcerlr winds, becoming southerly. For Nebraska lad Kansas: Fair, except shswers In western portions; nion; southerly winds. WESTEnX LITERARY VERDAMTV. 1 The Critic, which has been a welcome Monday isltor for eighteen years but has now grown tired and converted Itself Into a. monthly, gives this parting shot in a review of Francis "Wilson's "The Enger.e Field.

I "Tha greenness, sappl-refs. not to say the sapheadedneBS, cf the ttill new and verdant "West Is shown in nothing so plainly nawadays as In the persistency and spread of the Field mania." There Is a frankness about thlsthat is quite as refreshing as It Is aggravating, but It is not the least bit encouraging. Of late the mission jot. the Critic Tia seemed to be to destroy Tathcr than to'encourage and In that respect it has differed widely from the distinguished editor of the literary notes in Harper's Magazine. Ih retiring from that-work Mr.

Hutton said that when he had nothing good to Fay, he preferred to remain silent. The Critic seems to work the other way. But are we of the "West, green and sappy and sapheaded? "We have more to attain, of course, than those of the JEast, because our opportunities have not been so great, but nave they less to regret than-we? Literature is of such a nature that 1t is at the mercy of the unskilled, and those who study it and practice It are continually being made, to blush by the Incompetences of their brethren. Men and women, who know nothing the art and lessof the genius that constitute literature, assume to write, and they who have friends or: money are able to get their work before the public Eastern critics seem to take especial delight in holding such work up for ridicule, and thereby proving, to their own satisfaction, that Western literature is verdant and sappy. That there Is an opportunity for so doing is cause for keen regret, but suppose the Western critics should follow the'eame method in the con-, federation of Eastern products? Without doubt Massachusetts produces more good literature than does Kansas, for instance, but does she produce less worthless literature? Her literary reputation is based upon tho good she has brought forth and the worthless is overlooked.

Kansas asks no more than that, ana she Is entitled to as much. There ought to be' no East West in literature. 'There is quite enough of-that in politics to satisfy all reasonable cravings for that kind of local jingoism. The standards for the true estlmatjon of work should be the sam everywhere, and the West demands nothing more or less. It is willing to stand or fall by such estimation, but it protests in all seriousness against being judged in a general way by deeds which meet the requirements of no standard and are unworthy of any However, the West has no apologies to offer for the "Field mania." It acknowledges it and" is proud of it, and is gratified that it has become so contagious that It is quite as prevalent irfjthe East, the Critic office excepted, of, course.

Francis Wilson, "who is particularly responsible for much of it, is a dweller of an Eastern state, but ne hold it not againn him. In the spread of this mania, the West reserves Tinto It-sclL'lhe' right of burning the dross and preserving, only the good that Its children's roct produced. Literature has ever been Xn netd "-of a poet ito. giv expression to a oung mind's fancy, and the West Is glad and proud of. the opportunity to supply the need.

MEXICO OIR FRIEXD. In view "ol "the sensational efforlsmade by certain newspapers to create a feeling of apprehension in this country as to -the attitude or the Mexican people toward the United States, and to allay any fears of the business community as to a cessation of the amicable trade relations existing between our people and the Southern republic, we 'take pleasure in giving in another-colurnn jt this Issue the translation of an editorial from the Ipdependiente. the foremost newspaper of the state of Durango, Mexico. The editor of the Jose Agnstin da. Escudcro.

has represented Mexico on several diplomatic missions aboard, and is one of the most intelligent and popular men in the republic. In cordial words of friendship for the United States, the Independlentc makes It clear that any Mexican hostility to this country or friendship for Spain in thi3 war Is confined to the "clerical" or Conservative party, which, as its various contests with President Diaz have proved. Is a noisy but -very insignificant element in the population. On the other hand, the Liberal and dominant party In Mexico, while officially observ ins all the forms of neutrality, is sincerely friendly to this country. To the mugwump and others of our chronic disciples of discontent who never heard of a commendable action on the part of this nation, and who divide their time between criticisms of Presldnt McICInley's "policy of Imperl-ilism" and their regrets that tills nation "robbed Mexico of her territory," we commend, moreoer.

the very falr review ot the past as. nude by this Mexican statesman. 1'ot them It Will be painfully surprising, no doubt, to learn that Texas never did belong to Mexico, nor to Spain before her; and that for the additional territory covered In the treaties with Mexico, we paid what was at that time a munificent price. The fair and intelligent people in this country, "as well as in Mexico, know that there; Is rib bar to the permanency of the regard now felt by each nation for -the other. Let destiny carry our flag to whatsoever other lands it may, -of one thing all persons concerned may rest assured: The territory and sovereignty of Mexico will forever remain Inviolate, and that nation will always have our co-operation and protection In its advancement toward the higher civilization.

HOW SATJO.VS M.IKE PEACE. We are indebted to Mr. Charles M. Harvey', the well known journalist, for an Interesting resume of the manner In which the United States went about making peace with countries-with which she had been at war. In her history our nation has entered Into treaties ot peace with three foreign nations.

The first of these was that of 17B3 at the cloe Of the Revolutionary war. In lilt, at the clpse of our second war villh England, a similar treaty was made, and the third and last was that with Mexico In IMS. From the nature of things there could be no treaties of peace with the revolting American states, and our civil war came to a close without any agreements on the jart of the "Victorious side. The treaty of iTSJ was by far the most im-portapt convention the United States ever entered into-with any other country, be-cau-e It signalized the birth of a new nation and brought the world to a recognition of our Independence. It A as negotiated by Benjamin Franklin, John Jay, John Adams and Henry Laurens on the American side, and Oswald, Fltxherbert and Strachcy on the British side.

"The extension of the United States domain to the Mississippi was, of course, made possible by the conquests of George Rogers Clark in Indiana nnd Illinois In the latter part of the war against England. This provision of the treaty and -the recognition by England of the independence of the United Stales -were. its most important clauses. England retained Canada and Nova Scotia, the navl- -gaticn of the Mississippi was to be open to the United States and England, and the United States was to have equal privileges with England In the Newfoundland fisheries. The preliminary treaty was ratified in England and the United States early In 1783, and a definite treaty covering the same ground and finishing the transaction was signed also at Paris, September 3, 1TS3.

At about the same time peace treaties were signed by England and the other nations, which had been In war with her France, Spain and Holland." The second treaty of peace, also with Great Britain, was framed at Ghent, Belgium, In lSlt, and ostensibly closed, the war of 1812. The commissioners on the American side were John Qulncy Adams, Henry Clay, James A. Bayard, Albert Gallatin and Jonathan Russell. England's were Lord Gambler, Henry Goulborn and Will-lam Adams. This treaty excited considerable derision on both sides of the ocean, for It was silent about the principal Issues which precipitated the -war which It settled.

For example, nothing was aald about England's claimed right to establish paper blockades and to Impress sailors from the American ships on the theory that "once an 'Englishman, always an Englishman." But notwithstanding these evasions the war had accomplished much for American rights and England never again offended against American sailors. The treaty of Ghent was signed on December 24, 1E14. The battle of New Orleans was fought fifteen days later. The treaty did not reach the United States until February 1L 1S15, when the vessel bearing It arrived at New York. It did not reach the president's hands until fifty-two days after the close of the convention at Ghent and thirty-seven days after the battle of New Orleans.

Many more days than elapsed before Jackson, heard of It, and in the interim there had been some of the bloodiest sea fights In the history of the war. Indeed, the victory at New Orleans, after the official closing of hostilities, was the only really Important victory gained by the land armies of the United States In the whole course of the war. It vastly helped the country's military reputation and made Jackson president. The treaty between the United States and Mexico was- signed at Guadalupe Hidalgo on February 2, 1613. reaffirmed the title of the federal union to.

Texas, gave us title to New Mexico and California and permanently fixed a number of disputed boundary lines. On our part we agreed to pay Mexico for her ceded territory and to assume In claims owed by Mexico to American citizens. The Mexican war was very similar to our present war with Spain In one respect. During its progress the air filled with rumors of European Intervention In behalf of Mexico, but after all the two countries were left alone to fight to a finish and make their own terms of peace. It Is true that In the present war the European countries, have more Important Interests at stake, for we are leaving our own continent and conquering foreign territory, but it is none the less probable that the history "of Mexican war days will be repeated and that Spain and the United States wll make their own peace unvexed by European Interference.

Mr. Harvey concludes his Interesting article without referring to the tedious formalities that must precede the adoption of a treaty. "When Spain sues for peace the first step will be the appointment of certain plenipotentiaries by both countries. Our representatives must be designated by the president and confirmed by the senate. The number Is not fixed by rule or custom.

In the convention at Ghent we had five members as against England's three, and In the contention at Guadalupe Hidalgo we had but one member to Mexico's three. It is customary for such conventions to meet upon neutral soil, though In the case of our conference with Mexico this rule was set aside. The treaty having been drawn by the American -and Spanish plenipotentiaries. It must be submitted to the respective governments for ratification. In our case that duty falls to the senate.

Having been formally ratified by both governments, the Spanish king and the American president will announce the existence of peace through proclamations. During the progress of all these negotiations the armies and navies of both nations are supposed to maintain an armistice. In conclusion It may be interesting to note that peace treaties are usually written with considerable attention to literary style and contain all the flourishes their makers are able to bring Into play. The treat: of Paris begins thus: "In the name of the Most Holy nnd Undivided Trinitj: "It halng pleased the Divine Providence to dispose the hearts of the most serene and most potent Prince George the Third, by the gruce of God King of Great Britain, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith. Duke of Brunswick and Luneburg, Arch Treasurer and Prince Elector of the Holy Reman Empire, and of the United States of America, to forget all the past misunderstandings," etc, etc.

The treaty of Ghent, 1SH, is less pretentious in composition: "His Britannic Majesty and the United States ot America, desirous of terminating the war which has unhappily subsisted between the two countries, and of restoring upon principles of perfect reciprocity.peace, friendship and good understanding between them," etc. The treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, ISIS, begins: "In the name of Almighty God: "The United States of America and tho United Mexican States, animated by a sincere desire to put an end to the calamities of the war," etc. SOMETHING FROM THE WRECK. A preliminary inspection of the wrecks of the Spanish ships at Santiago has enabled Admiral Sampson to notify Washington that the Colon can easily be repaired and put in first-class, condition, and that the Maria Teresa and the Vizcaya may be saved and put In fighting form if wrecking appliances are forwarded at once. This Is good news.

While every American has admired the skill and force that told so unmercifully against the enemy's ships, thero has been general regret that some of the best ships were not captured rather than destroyed. The dogged lighting of the Spaniards Is responsible for the total loss of their ships at Manila and the terrible havoc at Santiago. If they had surrendered when it was first apparent that they were hopelessly overmatched, we would have taken prizes as well as glories In both battles. If it is possible to make good ships of three of the damaged cruisers at Santiago, the American navy will be just so much ahead. It will take less time to make the necessary repairs than to build new -vessels.

Just now the country Is rather ambitious to see a great addition to the navy. Many new ships have been authorized, but it will take years to complete all that are to be built by this authority. The Colon, the Teresa and the Vizcaya aro of modern pattern and can'be much improved in the overhauling that they will get at the American shipyards. With good American names and manned by American officers and seamen, ihey would be thoroughly naturalized, so to speak, and would take their places among the native products. SUBSCRIPTIOXS FOR THE SEW BOXDS.

The treasury department announced on July 6 that the subscriptions for the new-bond', the first Issue of which Is to ho $200,000,000, had reached the enormous sum of $373,593,000, more than four times tho amount necessary to take up the big batch of government securities. Of the subscriptions received, $31,000,000 was In sums of J500 or less, showing that the loan Is truly a popular one, as It was intended to be. The manifestation of patriotism and the demonstration ot resources in this remarkable oversubscriptions are alike gratifying to the nation and Instructive to foreign powers. It is probable that the grand total of pledges to the government, by the time they are all in, will reach nearly But after all, the most gratifying feature of the sale Is the large number of small purchasers. NOTES AXD XOTIOXS.

Mr. Stuart O. Henry has recently written for the Kansas State Historical Society a memorial of the late Solon Otis Thacher, of Kansas. We fear Mr. Henry, who is certainly admirably fitted to appreciate and to eulogize Senator Thacher, may have repelled some of the deceased statesman's plain spoken friends' by his rather Intricate and curious opening paragraph, as well as by a lingering Gallicism here and there.

Apart from these the memorial is admirable, and brings out the many sides of Mr. Thacher's activity and rounded character justly and yet lovingly. No man In Kansas has stood more conspicuously for what was best in private and in publio life combined than the subject of this study. It strikes us that a collection of hU public addresses would be worth reading and preserving. Poultney Blgelow Is trying to get right with his friend Wiibelm II.

after having said a lot of mean things about him and his government In magazine articles of the past few years. Poultney and Wllhelm are old chums, and used to talk over their plans. Wllhelm told Poultney that his ambition was to "wipe out the feud of rich and poor," and make the Christian religion a real thing. The only difficulty that he saw in his way was the lack of funds, and ho wanted some rich American to endow him. We think we see the Ickelheimers and the Pabsts and the VUIards tumbling over each other to endow Wllhelm.

He draws a salary of some $3,000,000, with allowance for expenses, and might do a little endowing himself! The spectacle of Wlihelm's struggles to "make the Christian religion a real thing." blighted by his poverty and the accursed Socialists, makes Poultney weep-but not other people. The Alliance of North American Turners are having a great picnic in San Francisco. Probably none of all the great conv entlons that are held during the summer, saving perhaps the Federation of Women's Clubs, gets half as much fun out of the reunion as the Turners. But the fun does not consist altogether of mighty physical feats, music and "kneipen." The North American Turners even cannot get away from the North American woman, and she "wants In." The Turners will hnve to wrestle over this and sundry other knotty constitutional problems, so that the mind as well as the other sides of the Turner man will be exercised. The Lake Mohonk arbitration conference was able to enumerate fourteen cases In which during the past year nations have settled difficulties by this peaceful method Instead of resorting to the arbitrament of war.

In nine of these cases Great Britain was a party, and In three the United States of America. The conference renews its previous recommendation ot an international court, to be convened in the first instance by Great Britain and the United States, if no other nations are prepared to enter into such an arrangement, but to which any other nations may refer their disagreements. It also urges that the United States take the Initiative, when the proper time shall come, in Inviting other nations to a conference for establishing such an international tribunal. Professor Calvin Thomas, In a recent essay, declares that it is useless to urge the pleasure giving qualities of poetry upon those who as a matter of fact find no pleasure in it. But this dictum ignores entirely the Important fact that a taste for poetry cant be cultivated, just as a taste for music or for almost anything else, tan be cultivated.

If the pleasure derived from poetry Is of the loftiest and most lasting sort, it becomes a question whether It Is not the duty of systems of public educa tion to provide for its development. There Is no doubt that a knowledge of the mechanism of poetry and training in metrical composition help to increase the pleasure found in poetry. It is a pity that the exercises in scansion and in the memorizing of poetry, formerly a regular part of the English instruction In good schools, have been abandoned to so large an extent. The wonderful development of tho local systems of electric nnd horse cars In and about the great centers of population is marked by the publication of "A Streot Railway Guide for Eastern Massachusetts." For "a quarter" one can set out from Boston Common and travel to the confines of all the adjoining counties, travel nearly all day. If he have a mind, and see much of tlie beauty of the region.

For 13 cents, which the guide costs, he can probably economize his small change go through all the Ncvvtons for 10 cents, or perhaps all the way to Lynn, to Salem, "and then home ugaln." It Is almoit cheaper to ride about on the New England electrics than to stay at home. Apropos of the interest in the old age pension scheme now in vogue in. Germany, and being vigorously discussed In England with prospect of adoption. Mr. Hale points out that the poll tax if reckoned as a premium payment for old age insurant would guarantee most old people above the age of7J, the usual limit.

Two dollars a year, at compound interest, beginning at 21, would amount to a very respectable sum. and if to this be added the'defaulted sums of airthose who die before they reach the pension limit, the fund accumulated would be sufficient to'keep" thoso who reach the age of 73 In comfort if not In affluence. The Monsalvat School of Comparative Religion is an Institution not half so large as its name would Indicate, and yet one which is worthy of serious consideration. It meets during the month of August in Eliot, and is under the direction of Mr. Lewis G.

Janes, a scholar of recognized eminence. Professor Schmidt, of Cornell; Rabbi Krauskopf, of Philadelphia; Jenkin Lloyd Jones, of Chicago, and a number of "swamis" and "mahatmas" and other curious beings from India and Japan are among "the attractions. All the great religions of the world will receive attention, both from the theoretical and from the practical side. Eliot, pretty well oft to one side, and the school would get more pupils If It would come to Kansas City or some other center of culture. KANSAS TOPICS.

Mr. D. C. TUlotson informs the Atchison Champion that he does not believe Governor Leedy will get much of a-ote from the free sliver wing of the Republican party. Mr.

TUlotson is eminently correct, for outside of himself and that other fellow there is no free silver wing to the Republican party. The newspaper boys are all at that accomplished Stockman and farmer, Mr. C. of the Abilene Reflector, who recently recounted that his horse had fallen on the street "and' broke, one of his forelcgsnear the hock joint." If the account is true, Mr. Harger's horse must have had his hind legs where his forelegs ought to be.

Captain Snow and Captain Stachhouse have resigned commissions in the Kansas regiments and an Ottawa paper reports that Bo! twood will resign also. These are the veterans of the civil war, the pensioners jyho were commissioned because the Insistence, of Governor Leedy over the better judgment of the war department. The line' old fellows find themselves unable to stand the hardships of camp life. There Is one "more veteran remaining In the Kansas regiments and when ho resigns the vindication of Leedy will have been made complete. The Emporia Gazette declares that tho victory at Manila and the victory at Santiago were victories of the school house over the church.

They also Were victories of true Christianity over the devil. Before this cruel war goes one.step further we demand that a scouting party be sent out to determine the whereabouts of Barney Kelly. Tour Kansas boy always keeps his eye on the main chance. Dr. Cbastain, of Iola, had no more than arrived at San Francisco as a recruit in the Twentieth Kansas than he applied for and received permission to open a dentist shop.

Weather Observer Belden, at Dodge City, attached an eight foot American to his mammoth kite the other day and sent It 3,000 feet up Into the clouds. Never before has the American flag floated so high in Kansas. This Is an opinion, from Private Shlvely, with the Kansas troops at San Francisco: "The real object of the battalion drill is to yank tho men over the field and wear them out in order that some thick-headed captains may learn something." From another private soldier at San Francisco: "The girls don't hang around us like they used to do, and I guess they treated us good in the first place, not because we. were such fascinating fellows, but because they had sympathy for our forlorn condition. But all the same a lot of the boys have got solid girls and I'll bet more than a hundred of our regiment are engaged." Extract from still another soldier boy letter from San Francisco: "General Mer-ritt does not put on as much style as some of the militia captains.

When he came to leave on his ship, the Newport, the other day, he did not even take a carriage from his hotel to the dock, but climbed on a street car and paid a nickle for the ride. After he got on board he waved off all those who were trying to make a great ceremony out of hia departure and said to the steamer captain: 'Come on; let's get out of Then he waved his handkerchief, to some good-looking women on the dock and went into hia cabin to unpack his grip. Here is a piece about his starting which I cut from the San Francisco Chronicle: 'He did not take a carriage from his hotel, as did some members cf his gilded staff. Accompanied by a single officer he quietly crossed the Palace courtyard at 9 a. m.

and made his way to the bar, which was almost deserted at that early hour. The genius who presides there was about to set out a bottle of mineral water, knowing the general's abstemious habits, when his breath was taken away by an order for two absinthe frappes. The general and his companion absorbed the mixture with apparent gusto and, thus fortified, made their way to Market street and, after a glance at the newspaper bulletins at Third street, took a street car for the mail dock." There Is an awful row on between the factions of the "triunt" forces in Kansas. ThePopullsts are fighting manfully to coming the people that the state candidates are fully in accord with the socialistic platform adopted by the state convention, and the Democratic fusionlsts are fighting equally as-hard to convince the' people that the Populist state candidates are not In accord with their platform and that therefore there Is no danger of the socialistic projects being consummated. A disinterested observation of.

the situation leads to the conclusion that the Democrats have the best of It, Their task of con-. vinclng the people of Kansas that the Popiillst state ticket Is made up of men who arc deceivers and politically dishonest is surely not a difficult one. There is a-pale, wan and distressed expression spreading over the countenance of Governor Leedy that leaves no. doubt whatever of his entire convlncement that "this is no Sunday school excursion." The decision by President McKlnley that government officials may 'be transferred at will from one department to another ought to suggest an Instant and successful solution of the Santiago problem. Instead ot sending Shatter reinforcements, let the president transfer Postmaster Marsh Mur-dock to the place of commander-in-chief.

Those foolish IJew Orleans people who thought they heard the sounds of a distant battle may by and by accustom themselves to the rattle of General Joe Hudson's chains as he strives to break away and eat the Spaniards up. There Is nothing in the story that Lieutenant Colonel Ed Little will resign. It makes no difference what else we may think about this Kansas man, he must be given the credit for plenty of nerve and pride, and it is certain he will do or die. There is a foolish story running over Karsas to the effect that Colonel Fred Funston Is about to resign because he objects to the hardships of camp life. The man who lived two years In Cuba on hope and raw bananas, and had his system so perforated with holes that it would make a good garden sprinkler.

Is not the man to waver under difficulties. Besides, commanding a Kansas regiment in the glorious climate of California Is a picnic with four kinds of pie. From the vigorous kicking in the local Populist papers since the visit of Governor Stanley to the coal miners In Crawford county, It Is pretty evident that he carried that "message of hope" and that It was received in the spirit in which It was given. a Speaking of coal miners and messages of hope, Governor Leedy has assured tho Southern Kansas miners that just as soon as the Populist legislature can pass the necessary act they will be relieved of all convict competition. There is no legislative act necessary to relieve the free miners of convict competition.

Governor Leedy and his board of penitentiary managers are fixed by law In full and complete control of the penitentiary mines, and there Is not a legislative enactment now In force which compels them to dig a pound of coal if they are not so disposed. This talk about legislation Is the sheerest balderdash. When Governor Stanley is inaugurated he will not ask for laws compelling him to do the right thing. He will issue an order shutting penitentiary coal off from the open markets, just as he or any other governor has the right to do. A Sunday of TnaalustTlnsT.

From the Chicago News. The proclamation of the president asking the people of the United States to observe next Sabbath as a day of thanksgiving and pray er will undoubtedly meet with a hearty and sincere response throughout the. country. It matters little whether a person is a public' adherent cf any of the many' churches of the country, there Is none to whom the touching appeal of the chief executive of the nation will not come with a force that will compel respect and a hope that the day will be fittingly observed as the president suggests. In these times, when many are lamenting the laxity of Christian observance and practice.

It is significant to notice that in 'every branch of our military and naval service the affairs of the, country are being directed by men of high' Christian character. The president and vice president, as well as all the members of the cabinet, are men who represent a high type of Christian manhood. major general 'commanding the is-an active mem-' ber of a Christian church. The hero of Manila has long been known as a faithful adherent of one of our strongest churches. The naval commander at Santiago Is noted for the simplicity of his Chrlstlin faith, and the same may be said of hundreds of the brave men on land and sea who are fighting tne battles ot the nation.

Garcia, the practical head of the whole movement for freedom In Cuba and the one whom the president and Sampson consult most confidently, is a deacon and the main supporter of a Protestant mission in Few events In the war are more touching and at the same time more characteristic than that on board the Texas when, after the sinking of the Colon, Captain Philip called hi3 men about him on the ship's deck, where, with bowed heads, officers and men returned thanks to the God of battles for- the victory they had gained. As the president is fitting that we should pause and stay the feeling of exultation and bow before the throne of divine grace and give devout praise to God. who has thus far vouchsafed to us the light of His face and led our brave soldiers and seamen to victory." It's Plain Case. Prom the New York Sun. Our esteemed contemporary, the Kansas City Times, presents this striking and powerful argument against the policy of expansion: The trusts nnd monopolies, which had been brought Into existence by Republican class legislation and governmental favoritism, saw that a radical departure from the established principles of the government would have to be made, for two reasons.

First, unless public attention were diverted from the methods capital combinations were employing to absorb the wealth of the country, there would be trouble with the people, and, second, a policy of colonial acquisition would necessarily require a large standing army, which could and would protect them egalnBt any movement of the people to regain their rights. There is no limit to the infernal activity of the trust and monopolies, and we are just as firmly persuaded that they brought on the war for the purpose of saving their bacon as we are that they kept back the war until Jerry Simpson bayoneted them Into it. At the same time, many conservative judges believe that the plan for a large standing army Is aimed at Governor Leedy, of Kansas. Leedy believes so himself. An Exploded Theory.

From the Philadelphia The notion that long-continued enjoyment of the blessings of peace unfits a nation for war has been thoroughly exploded by the unmistakably warlike qualities exhibited by our troops, regulars as well as volunteers. In the shock of battle before Santiago. Few of our officers had ever seen a whole army corps assembled In one place, and the vast majority of our men were not born when our last war was ended. But nobody, after having witnessed the high courage and the power ot endurance shown by our army, would dare assert that thirty-three years of peace had Impaired the mettle of our race In the slightest degree. The Debllltntrd Scorchrr.

From the Chlrseo Xeirg. The discovery by Dr. Stanton, who has been examining applicants for enlistment in the reqular army, that habitual hard riding on a bicycte usually unlits men physically for service In the army. Is quite what might have been expected. For a long time It ha been a bit of every-day knowledge that the athletic specialist was apter to be unhealthy than otherwise, and the very ancient joke about the young man who pulled stroke 'oar In the college boat race, but was unable to carry' In a scuttle of coal Is founded on physical verittsm.

It is an Interesting fact in the same line that when the annual road race comes around and cyclists come up to a crucial test of wind and endurance it Is almost always some unknown young mas who -wends most of his time driving: a delivery wagon or beating an anvil that, comes In first. The discovery of the scorcher's unfitness for war Is not Important as a physical fact, therefore, however much weight may be attached to It by pedestrians and drivers of horses who thought they saw In the Cuban operations a. most promising chance of relief from the scorcher at home. For if the scorcher Is unfit for war he Is doubly-unfit for peace. The physical fact which Dr.

Stanton an; nounces probably has had much more to do than all other causes combined and among the other causes were the fear of the law and the anathema of walking societyin eliminating tho scorcher. The wheel Is used much more sanely than it was three or four years ago. Either the scorcher Is dying off of his own excesses or his doctor and his friends are rtformlng him. Ear! 'Ear: From the Journal. Richard Harding Davis complains bitterly of the scarcity of mules ut Santiago.

Perhaps he Is lonesome. A JfetT Birth. Oeorte M. llcpworth, la N'e-r York HeraM. Kicept a nan re corn John 111 2.

Of course, we can be born again, and there is no mystery about it. The Master did not use any figure of speech, but stated a literal fact. A man is not responsible for his first birth, but his second birth is under his personal control, and during the process he can make himself what he most desires to be. We are. when we come into the world, a good deal like a section of aboriginal forest.

There are noble and stately- trees, but they are smothered In underbrush, which keeps the eun from their roots and steals their nourishment. This underbrush must all be cut away, for It Is a positive injury and disfigurement, and some of the trees which Interfere with tho trpnprsil a-i-nnrrh na Ha Ientlessly felled. If the owner wants the' poesioie umoer ne will use the knife and the ax very' freely, for nature has a weak side and is apt to produce more than is needed and some things that are not needed at all. After his first birth a man resembles that forest in Its original state. He Is conscious of underbrush qualities of character, which choke his higher ambitions.

There is too much ot him. and he, therefore, needs to get rid 6f some things In order that other things may have a chance to grow. Thero are tendencies. Impulses, passions, envy Ings which require a sharp' knife, or, better' BtUI, to be wholly uprooted. In a word, a man ought to be able to look at himself critically, find out what he has to do in this short life and what tools he has to work with in order to accomplish that work.

Then he can throw a good part of himself away as worthless the more the better sometimes and he can apply a stimulant to his finer qualities and so change himself that he will hardly know- himself. He will alter the whole complexion ot his nature and become asi different from his former self as though he had returned to his mother's womb and been born again under more favoring circumstances. When Christ announced the need of a second birth, to be accomplished in partnership with God, He gave us a hint of the grandeur of human nature. Under the Inspiration of that command to achieve a new1 birth He uncovered our ability to make ur-selves little lower than the angels. It was as though He had said.

"Fashion the highest possible ideal, an ideal which is 'perfect even as our Father -which Is In heaven la then prune.cut, trim, tear up whatever elements of character impede your progress toward that Ideal. The Father and all His hosts will assist ou In the task. By perseverance you shall outgrow your old self and at last become all you ever dreamed of being and more." There is no conception of our nature nobler, wider or more encouraging than that. You are master of your fate, you control your destiny. No king ever ruled his realm with a sway as undisputed as you can rule yourself.

You may not control outward circumstances, but you can bend them to the development of character. See. things In the' right light and "your life will be gladdened. Jtis your mind that makes you small or large. It Is y-oar mind, your soul, that conquers even the body.

If you are petulant or ill trmnmi tho physical lines In your face will show it. A' aissipatea lire shows In the eyes And in the general expression. In the last analysis holiness and beauty are cause and effect. A sweet life, a kindly and charitable life, is just like a sculptor at work on a block of marble. It chisels the muscles, the furrows, Into such a shape that all the world can look Into your face and get a glimpse of the character behind it.

Here is a whole domain of natural law as yet unexplored. Get your heart In the right place, open the door wide, not to let in the devils of impatience and worry across the threshold, but the angels ot peace and repose and faith, and you will find that you are going from one new birth to another, that the sad problems of affliction are slowly solving themselves, that your years and your experiences are lifting you Into a higher and healthier atmosphere, and that God is a real, a friendly, an Intimate and an omnipotent factor In your life. I say. therefore, be brave. You shall nst be overcome, but you shall b'e -victor.

With the treasury of the government to upon you can never be poor, and with the love and power of God within reach you shall smile amid tears and see heaven when you stand on a grave. Take yourself In hand boldly. You know your weakness. Go Into the forest with ax nnd knife. Clear out the undergrowth of unworthy motive.

It can be done, for you and God can do anything. You shall be a new man, with a new earth under your feet and a new heaven overhead. There Is no limit to the capacity of your nature to enlarge and ennoble Sunday Battles. From the Baltimore Herald. Sunday as a day for fighting is wonderfully popular.

Not only is past history full of instances of battles fought upon that day of rest, but the United States and Spam are making history now- in which the two most important engagements have taken place on Sunday. It seems strange. Indeed, that the very day sacred to the Prince of Peace should fa often be that on which war In all Its awful power avvnkes. anil, amid the thunder of cannon, hurls thousands of human beings to destruction, llontejo was defeated In Manila bay on Sunday, and two months later Cervera's fleet was blown to pieces off Santiago on the same day of the week. The Irony of fate shows in these Sunday battles as strongly as In anything in human affairs.

The Worda of an American Sailor. From the Xew York San. "I want to make public acknowledgment here that I believe in God the Father Almighty. I want all you officers and men to lift your hats and from your hearts offer silent thanks to the Almighty." These two simple sentences will live In history. They were spoken on Sunday last on the quarter deck of our warship Texas by her commander.

Captain John W. Philip, and it is mighty long time since It has before fallen to thf lot of any man to say a plain and feeling thing that could move and stir the hearts of a whole people. Captain Philip's words have gone forth to the whole nation and they aro at this moment fixed for all time In the memory of all Americans. The Heart. The heart hath chamhwa twain; within them Dwell lodgers, Joy and pain.

It in the one lor wake. In the other His slumber patn doth take. Jor. thy meaaure keep. Speak aoftlr.

Lest thou disturb his sleep! William Herbert Carroth, -Iran the Gtraaa cf yenminp. 'C K-ltf tosiE or sort. The world has many Icters, but toa en She lores the best Is he within whose heart She but halt reigning aueen and mistress Is. Whose lonelr soul forever stands apart. from her taca will erer turn away.

Who but halt hearing listens to her roles. Whose heart beats to her passion, but whose sow! "within her presence neterwiu rejoice. What hasilet the dreamer from its gates. What tact beloved hides tram htm awarT A dressier outcast from some world of dreams-He goes forerer lonelr on his wsr. The weedtd body and the single UesiJa his he shall most raatslsss stand.

Forever to dream of that unseen face Forerer to sigh for that enchanted land. Llle a great pine upon -me Alpine height. Torn by the winds and bent beneath the snow. Hair oierthrawn br ley atalanche, The lone soul throughout the world must fa. Alone among.hls kind he stands alone.

Torn by ths passions of his own strange heart. Stoned br continual wreckage of his erasis. 'lis in the rowd forever is like the great'plne that, rockln; no sweet nest. Swings no joanE birds to sleep upon the bough. But where the raven only comes to croak "There Hies no man more desolate than tloar So goes the soul amid the world No fpre upon his breast, with singing, eheers; Cut sorrow builds ber home within his heart.

And nesting there will rear her brood of tears. Dora Slgerson Shorter. In the Bookmasi PRIVATE DEVOTIO.V. 1 lore to steal awhile away From every cumbering care. And spend the hours ot setting dar In humble, grateful prayer.

I love. In solitude, to shed The penitential tear: And alt His promises ta plead. Where none but Ood can hear. I love to think on mercies past. And future good Implore: And all my cares and sorrows cast On Him whom I adore.

I lore, by faith, to take a rlsw Of brighter scenes in hearen: The prospect doth ray strength renew. While' here by tempests driven. Thus, when life's toilsome day la oftr. May Its departing ray Be calm aa this Impressive hour. And lead to endless day.

Phoebe Hinsdale Brows. "WHATEVER IS, IS RIGHT." All nature la but art. unknown to thee; All chance, direction, which thou canst not see: All discord, harmony not understood; All partial evil, universal good; And spite of pride. In erring reason's spite. One truth Is clear, whatever la, la right.

Alexander Pope. OF CIRREXT ISTEREST. "I have mentioned Admiral Dewey's ability as an administrator and diplomat," a correspondent, writing from' Manila, says. "While-' maintaining a most vigorous blockade, he willingly gave permission to a delegation of British and German merchants to remove their families 'to Cavite. He ordered that place to be made sanitary, and placed Consul Williams In charge.

The consequence is that wealthy Manila families, like that "of the Cortes, have placed al their houses in Cavite at Dewey's disposal. He has made himself exceedingly popular among the British shipmasters. Instead of carrying on with the absolutism of a conquerer, he has aided and facilitated their business so long as it did not Interfere with his duties. His praise Is sounded in every port in the far East, and when he was in need of coal these shipmasters readily sold-him 3,000 tons, so that he was well supplied." The Remenyl appears to 'have been the "discoverer" of Johannes Brahms, who was a boy of 19 when the Hungarian violinist found him in Hamburg In 1S33. They went on a concert tour, so the story goes, and fetched np at Weimar almost penniless.

Liszt invited Remenyl to stny at the Altenburg. "I have plenty or room for you," -he- said. "But. master. I am not" alone," ventured HtmenyL "You have, perhaps, a servant with you" "Oh, no: I have a gaynloos (genius)." "A what?" "Master, I have-here with me the greatest composer since Beethoven, and I have come to solicit your protection for him." "Very well, bring along your gaynloos and we will see." Liszt, saw, and after him others also found their vision cleared.

The city "of feels Itself -Immersed In glory by the performance of this little unprotected steam yacht, named after It, at the battle of Santiago. It was not always so. Before the war. It Is said, Gloucester asked that the biggest of battleships be christened with Its name, and there- was deep disappointment from the wharves to the banks of Newfoundland when Secretary Long answered their appeal with Mr. Morgan's converted pleasure boat.

But nothing Is the matter with 'Gloucester now. The little craft came out of the fight with more glory than the rest ot tha fleet combined. Even the salted codfish flap their tails and turn somersaults for joy. Since the battle of Lepanto, 300 and odd years ago, when, assisted by the Venetian navy, the Spaniards defeated the Turkish deet. Spain's luck at sea with her fleets has been Invariably adverse.

Of the Armada, which started out with 130 vessels, only fifty-three ever reached Spain again. At Cadiz, at Algiers, at Vigo bay, at Cape St. Vincent, at Trafalgar, It was always disaster far the Spaniards. Since Trafalgar it-tie. If anything, was attempted by Spain as a naval power: and when she reappears In that light again she loses two fleets and is In almost certain danger of losing a third.

No finder that she still continues to boast of Lepanto. Victor Herbert, whose Manhattan Beach concerts this season have made a tremend- ous hit. has taken occasion to remark that he has no desire to be known as one of the "ultra classlcals" In his choice of music "I have, however." he says, "set my faca resolutely against all truckling to such music lovers as are limited In their taste nnd capacity to compositions of the Johnnie Get Your My Mother Was a Lady, 'Down on the Wabash' -variety. Persons of real musical culture should be attended to first: afterward. In a kindly spirit, sops may be thrown to Cerberus In the shape of light and catchy music which possesses merit In its own class." In Hawaii they have one very unique custom In regard to debt.

Any stranger can get credit almost from the time ha sets foot on the Islands, but so long as he owes a dollar be Is not permitted to leave the, country. A man who gets hopelessly involved in debt down, there had as well make up his mind to become a citizen for the rest of his life he can only escape by liquidating. This law has always been strictly enforced, but after the annexation to the United States the Islands will probably get a new system of laws that will repeal the existing statute. A New York editor received the other day from his brother, a major In one of the regiments now stationed at Jacksonville, a sample of hardtack. The address had been written on the front of the cracker, to which a stamp had been affixed.

On the back were the date. July 4. tho words "Our dally bread," and the address of the sender. Postofflce stamps and tha wear and tear attendant upon its trans-mlsslon'had no perceptible effect upon tha biscuit. The Fourth of July decorations of a house in Brooklyn excited comment.

From the roof and windows floated the national emblem edged with a mourning band. The aged woman who placed it there said by way of explanation that In the universal rejoicing over the victories of the campaign the nation's dead should not be forgotten. Here is. a recommendation which a Berkshire county, farmer gavo an Incompetent man who had worked for hunt "This man, has worked for ma day, and I am satisfied.".