The Evening Sun from Hanover, Pennsylvania • Page 1

WEATHER Mostly clear, warmrr tonight. Some cloudiness Wednesday. THE EVENING SUN VOL. 39. CIRCULATION OVER 1,000 HANOVER, PA.

TUESDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1944 LAST EDITION AVO CENTS NAVY NOW ONLY HALSEY SAYS Naval Power Rendered Incapable Of Seriously Opposing China-Bound Offensive For Months To Come, Admiral Reveals Losses Now Total Sixty Warships Sunk Or Crippled And Estimated 35,000 Men Killed U. S. PACIFIC FLEET HEADQUARTERS, PEARL HARBOR, OCT. 31 catastrophic defeat in the second battle of the Philippines reduccd Nippon to a "naval runt" incapable of seriously opposing Americas China-bound offensive for months to come, high naval authorities said today. Still mounting Japanese losses rose to sixty warships sunk or crippled.

and an estimated 35,000 men killed. Three naval battles off Leyte, Samar and Luzon a crushing defeat on all Japan navy two or three more units we can take in our Adm. William F. Halsey, told Rembert James, Associated Press war correspondent, aboard the Third Fleet flagship. The dogged search of carrier planes uncovered a previously damaged heavy cruiser and two other cruisers in the Manila area Saturday and hits were scored on all three, Adm.

Chester W. Nimitz disclosed in a communique. The damaged warship probably sank and 1.000-pound bombs damaged the other two, adding them to the previously announced total of 58 sunk or crippled. Halsey, pointing up Japans grave naval situation, said that enemy cripples which managed to elude his planes and reach repair yards must wait their turn inasmuch as the repair facilities were "taxed to the utmost before this catastrophic beating they took." The three cruisers were attacked during a rising air offensive against big Luzon island, the next stepping stone fifteen overwater miles north of Oen. Douglas invasion army on Samar.

The Third Fleet planes roared on to Manila and worsened shortage of escort warships despite efforts by swarming enemy planes to block the path at the south end of Luzon and to attack the aircraft carriers, enemy planes were shot down in Southern Luzon, at least twelve were wrecked on Manila fields, twelve more were ihot down over the carriers Saturday and two more Sunday. West of invaded Leyte, other carrier planes Saturday and Sunday shot down nineteen enemy planes and destroyed three coastal cargo vessels in the Cebu area. 100-PIECE SCHOOL BAND IS PLANNED Will Be Composed Of Pupils From Fifth To Ninth Grades, Jack Schuler, Instructor, Has Announced On U. S. Army Casualty List WESTBROOK PEGLER (lift Burdens Taxpayers NEW YORK, Oct.

know as well as the next one that in anv political campaign a nominee is going to pick his spots when he pokes! out his chin, turna on the old right- ADAMS COUNilANS ON CASUALTY LIST Plans for the organization of a 100-piece band composed of pupils from the fifth to ninth grades inclusive, were disclosed today by Jack Schuler, instructor of instrumental music in the Hanover public schools. The campaign to enroll 100 boys end girls in the new musical organization will open tomorrow and will continue through the month of November The 'ogan for the drive is "Join The Boys and girls enrolling will be taught without charge. Classes will start on or before December 4 A talent test will be given in the five grades in order that parents may have knowledge of the musical abilities before buying instruments. The new grade school musical organization will give the Hanover public schools three bands. Boys and girls trained in the grade school band will in future years advance to the Hanover Junior High school band and the Eichelberger Senior High school band.

A plan ha.s been worked out to provide balanced instrumentation for each band. The grade school band will include 22 pupils of the fifth grade, 18 from the sixth 18 from the seventh grade. 25 from the eighth grade and 18 from the ninth grade. As soon as the required number of pupils have enrolled in cach class in each grade, entrance will be closed. ALLIED TROOPS REACH MAAS RIVER IN DRIVE ON GERMANS One Soldier Missing In Action, Another Is Wounded, War Department Reports RED CROSS CANTEEN CABIN IN OPERATION One Adams county soldier is missing in action and another has been War Department telegrams to relatives have disclosed.

The missing man is Pvt. Ira Mel- All Service Men And Women Will Be Welcomed To Home Community While Here On Furlough The Red Cross Canteen Cabin on the oval at Center square began Among the members of the U. S. armed forces reported wounded recently are the four soldiers pictured above. They are: Top, left, Pvt.

William O. Rupp, husband of Mrs. Romaine Plank Rupp, Gettysburg, and son of Mr. and Mrs. William G.

Rupp, 438 West Middle street, who was reported wounded in France Sept. 25; right. Pfc. Phillip P. Lightner, son of Mr.

and Mrs. Paul Lightner, Red Lion, formerly of Hanover, wounded in Germany Oct. bottom, left, Pvt. Leon C. Smith, husband of Mrs.

Grace Wolf Smith, 267 Frederick street, and son of Mr. and Mrs. Curvin J. Smith. 307 Maple avenue, wounded in Germany Oct.

11, and right, Pfc. Frederick C. Staub, son of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph L.

Staub, 125 Third street, injured in Belgium Oct. 9. Lilli 1 Bulletins (By The inti'll Japan's armed forces, fighting a passive defense since Guadalcanal, have heen forced to and now face a situation which is unfavorable to us," Premier Gen. Kuniaki Ivoiso told the Japanese people today. Koiso repeated the Japanese claims of naval victories off Formosa and the Philippines and attributed the situation to a shortage of materials.

SI PR F. HEADQUARTERS, ALLIED EXPEDITION A FORCE, PARIS, Oct. 31 official Allied bag of prisoners on the western front now totals GE VER AL A I A RTHIKS HEADQUARTERS, PHILIPPINES, Oct. 31 Douglas invasion forces have him a firm grasp on the Philippines. he said today, I shall (Continued On Page Four) MARRIAGES Miss Hilda M.

Stauffer and Raymond B. Wagner, both of Hanover R. D. 2, were united in marriage Saturday in Grace Lutheran parsonage at Westminster, Md. The Rev.

Elwood S. Falkenstein performed the ceremony. They were unattended. The bride was atiired in a green dress with gray accessories and wore a corsage of red and white rosebuds. Mr.

and Mrs. Wagner are both employed at the Revonah Spinning mills. British Forces Spear Within Half-Mile Of One Of Main Spans Used In Enemy Retreat From Southwestern Nearer Coast Lose Contact With Fleeing S. Third Army Clears Opposition From Stronghold North Of Metz LONDON, OCT. 31.

troops chasing the Germans from Southwestern Holland reached the Maas river today, and speared within half a mile of the Oeertruidenberg bridge, one of the main spans of the enemy's fog-shrouded escape over the river. The British wing struck to the Maas due north of Tilburg, W'hile Canadian forces westward nearer the coast lost contact with the Oer- mans fleeing to the river and the Hollandsch Diep. battle for the port of Antwerp is over, in our declared a spokesman for Lt. Gen. Miles C.

Dempsey, British Second Army commander. "It is a question how' fast and how far back the Germans will go Highways below the river were black with German transports, and motor columns six to twelve miles long had formed up at the Moderdijk and Willemstad bridge and ferry crossings ten and eighteen miles west of Geertruidenberg. Fog saved them from a lashing by Allied planes. Heavy, seesaw fighting raged on the eastern flank in Holland, where strong German armored blows had been halted. Allied troops had regained part of Lieseel, one of two towns lost to the German drive.

Canadians fought on the causeway to Walcheren Island, last barrier to opening Antwerp harbor, after taking 2.500 prisoners in seizing the adjoining Schelde estuary island of South Beveland. U. S. Third Army forces have completely cleared the enemy from Maizieres-Les-Metz, stronghold six miles north of Metz, after many days of bitter fighting in that sector. On the American front from the Aachen area in Germany south to the French city of Lunevllle there was patrol activity.

Farther south the villages of Bru and Jeanmenil, approximately two miles east of Rambervillers, were captured. Field Marshal Gen. Wnlthcr Model has withdrawn the bulk of his forces, originally estimated at 120.000. north of the Maas river and left only a screen of perhaps 10.000 to 20.000 troops to fight delaying rear guard actions. AP War Correspondent Roger D.

Greene wrote. While a British spokesman admitted that the bulk of the enemy (Continued On Page Five) I the riinrri vln Quaker, 19-year-old son of Mr. 1 yesterday and will be 1 Sn i i. and Mrs Andrew Slonaker, Fair- from 10 a to 10 p. m.

So. to beat you to it, I will admit fipld According to the tele- Its object is to register men gram received by his parents, yes- and women in the service of their terday. he has been missing in ac- country who are home on furloughs tion in France since October 7. and to make this registration list The wounded man is Pvt. Ker- to all these service people mit J.

Funt, 27. son of Mr. and Mrs. I in order that they may know if any Otis Funt, Gettysburg R. D.

of their friends and acquaintances whose wife was notified yesterday ma-v this section on leave that in this one Tom Dewey going around pointing-out his own mistakes and belting himself over the head. But, in the same scrupulously fair and objective mood, a marvelous quality for which these deathless essays are famous and destined to become political tieas- ures for posterity, I must point out FIRST AID CLASS TO BE ORGANIZED GHOSTS TO WALK STREETS TONIGHT ROTAR IANS ARE TOLD OF SCOUT MOVEMENT All Nurse's Aides And Others Here Desiring To Take Course Will Meet Tomorrow Evening that he had been wounded in Ger- at same that Mr. Big is the guy who is i sides in Biglerville. many on October 14. Mrs.

Funt re- i The Cabin will be conducted by members of the Hanover Canteen really playing hop-scotch around the land mines because a.s Dewey said last week, the fellow just honest. There are some things he dare discuss and one of them is that gift of his ancestral home at Hyde Park to the National Government in gratuitous recognition of his own historic splendor and the snappy acceptance of this burdensome old heap by Ickes whose own morality so melodiously consists with that of the head man and the whole tone of the administration. There is no evidence that this memorial will enrich the life of the American people in time to come nor any basis for the assumption, inherent in the deal, that posterity will rank President Roosevelt above President Grant as a constitutional executive of his administration above that of Warren G. Harding in matters of honesty and ethics. How do they know that posterity will want to be reminded of Roosevelt and his works any more than absolute necessity compels? Why weren't they willing to let posterity make the decisions? 1 will tell you why.

The reason was that for all his reputation for generosity, created by tearing up other peoples money, Roosevelt is a very chincy fellow as his wife told us in her book w'hich I will bet she now wishes she had never written, whatever the profits may have been, because it has turned out to be the Republican campaign dccu- ment of all. By donating this dump to the people he relieved his estate of a which, under the inheritance tax, would have cost his heirs much more as a bequest than they! hope to sell It for. Even now the market for such creaky, old- up-country headaches is about as lively as horse and if you would like to take on the esponsibility I think I could get Jou your choice of a hundred such little more than the cost of the Papers. Other aristocrats have demolished mansions as good or better lest they seized and possessed of same some actually were blown up dynamite to save the cast of by hand. And we have efore us a few years ago the path- Mlc case of a farsighted aire- with a business-like premoni- j10n death and taxes, who went earfuliy from the local to the town, flinty, state and federal governments pleadine with thpm tn On Page Four) Pvt.

Slonaker, a former Fairfield 1 Corps, Unit No. 6 of the Corps be- high school student, was in the in charge the first week. The 1 trucking business before going into ladies reported that like any other the Army in September, 1943. He new business starting out they were not overcrowded the first day but a (Continued On Page Five) number of service people did stop -----------------i in including two Wacs. TRAILER CAMP WORKER WILL The Cabin is equipped with a ADDRESS TWO GROUPS HERE snack bar where members of the Army and Navy and their auxil- Mrs.

Francis R. Casselman, who iaries wiU be served pretzels, dough- Haiold with her husband, the Rev. Dr. nuts, coffee or soft drinks Casselman, Reformed minister, they make free of works among 3,000 people in the i charge, trailer town near the Glenn L. Martin bomber plant, Middle River.

will speak at a meeting of the Han! over Street School Parent-Teacher Association to be held in the school on Thursday afternoon at 2:30 Those in charge have extended an invitation to all A. The service will include handing (Continued On Page Five) Story Of A Leaf While Mrs. Paul Nitchman, 120 McAllister street, was talking to a neighbor yesterday a brown and members in the community and i yellow leaf from a white or wax to the general public to attend. i cherry tree fluttered to their feet. Mrs.

Casselman has chosen as her something unusual about its ap- topic for Thursdays meeting, i pearance attracted Mrs. attention, and on picking it up they saw plainly printed in brown on a Problems In Trailer Town She will tell of the task of educating youngsters whose parents work in war plants and live in trailer communities. Tomorrow evening, Mrs. Casselman is to be the speaker at the annual dinner of the Study Club of the Y. W.

C. A. here. yellow background the letters Here w-as a problem for a Sherlock Holmes. How came a leaf on a tree to bear this inscription and what did it mean? An Evening Sun sleuth figured it out fhuswise: Some cherry picker last June wearing a shoe with a "Bilt- A First Aid class will be organized tomorrow evening at 715 clock at the Visiting Nurse Association Home on Broadway, with Mrs.

A Gertrude Klunk as instructor. The main purpose for starting a course in First Aid instruction at this time is to enable all members of the Red Cross Nurse's Aide Corps who have not had first aid instruction to be given the opportunity to take a course of this kind. All aides therefore who have not had first aid instruction are requested to be present for the start of the course tomorrow evening. Announcement was made that any person of the community who desires may take the course with the aides. Arrangements will be made at the first meeting as to how often the class will meet and when and how long the course will continue.

The.se details will be decided upon to suit thfe convenience of those taking the course. But Police Warn That Revelers Keep Within Bounds In Celebrating Boys Are Nabbed Visits Sisters At Convent Mrs. Edward Brelghner, 77 South street, has returned to her home I rite" rubber heel trampled the leaf after visiting her two sisters who without dislodging it from its twig, are nuns at the convent at Glen! and the leaf changed color in Riddle Sister Mary Hedwick and I the fall undergoing the usual chem- Sister Rose Marie. Mrs. Breighner, Iical changes which cause autumnal was present during the celebration tints, the bruised part of the leaf of the seventy-fifth anniversary of brought out the letter of the Gasoline Stamps Stolen The garage operated by John Spangler at 513 Broadway was entered last night and gasoline ration stamps redeemable for approximately 1.800 gallons of gasoline were stolen, Hanover borough police were notified today.

Entrance was gained through a front door at the garage. Police are investigating. Tonight is While no special observance is planned here, hundreds of costumed revelers are expected to parade the sidewalks In the business section as is their annual custom. Chief of Police Richard H. Jones has instructed his officers not to interfere with innocent fun.

He has asked masqueraders to keep their celebrating within bounds and to do no damage to property. Persons found guilty of damaging property will be prosecuted, he said. During the past few nights, Hanover police have received a number of complaints resulting from property damage. A number of boys were picked up last night when they started a fire in an alley and threw some type of explosive into the blaze. They will appear before Burgess J.

Oscar Kinneman tomorrow. Among acts of vandalism reported were the tearing down of fences, the thefts of a step ladder and an iron gate, the emptying of garbage cans, the breaking of a storm door panel, and the theft of a Railway Express baggage wagon which W'as later recovered. Members of the Rotary Club of Hanover last evening w'ere given information concerning the Girl Scout movement, when speakers appeared before that organization in connection with National Girl Scout Week which is now being observed. Miss Joan Alleman and Miss Anne Wentz spoke for the Girl Scouts. They told of the founding of the movement, of its growth and of the activities of the scouts.

They were followed by the Rev. Howard E. Sheely, pastor of Trinity Reformed church, who spoke further of the Girl Scout movement. The meeting was presided over by I Miles Fasnacht, president, who pre- I sented the Rev. Mr.

Sheely, who in turn introduced the two scout speakers. Second Full Moon Of Month For the second time this month there will be a full moon tonight. The moon will shine from 6.41 p. m. to 7.22 tomorrow morning.

The precise moment of full illumination will be at 9.35 o'clock this evening, according to the almanac. Thus the moon will lend its witchery to the annual rites. Already last evening the moon was near full and a silvery mist floated over the landscape giving it an eerie appearance as dead leaves fluttered to earth, the hoot of the owl was heard and from a distance came the honking of wild geese winging southward. Seven Couples Get Licenses Seven marriage licenses have been issued this month from the office of Mrs. Howard W.

Shelfer, Adams county clerk of the courts. During October, last year, eleven couples were licensed. the St. Francis Order. She also visited another sister.

Mrs. William B. Wiser, Columbia, before returning home. ber heel's trademark, my dear Watson! HOSPITAL PATIENTS Taken To Baltimore Hospital Dolores Jean Bankert, three-year- old daughter of Mr. and Mrs.

Harry Bankert, 118 John street, was admitted Thursday as a patient at the Children's hospital, Baltimore, where she is undergoing treatment following a leg fracture, the third fracture the child has suffered. IN AND ABOUT TOWN George Zinn, 524 Baltimore street, was removed to the Hanover General hospital in the ambulance, this morning. After receiving treatment he was returned in the ambulance to his home. Bricker States Roosevelt Is In Hands Of Radicals Home From South Pacific Richard L. Berkhelmer, 1 21- year-old son of Mr.

and Mrs. Mark E. Berkhelmer, 105 Broadway, is spending a 25-day leave at his home. Bluejacket Berkheimer has just returned to the States after ten months of duty aboard a battleship in the Southwest Pacific. He saw action at Saipan, Guam, the Marshalls and Palau islands.

The young man has been in the Navy for slightly more than a year. He will report to a West Coast port after his leave. PEACE STILL FAR OFF, CHURCHILL SAYS LONDON, OCT. 31. Minister Churchill told Commons today that German's defeat might not come before early summer and that it might take at least eighteen months after Hiler's downfall to beat Japan.

Urging qualified extension of Britain's nine-year Parliament for another year, he told Commons today that wartime coalition government not be broken before Naziism is broken." Any attempt to estimate the date when the war with Germany can be officially declared over can be no more than a said Churchill. do not place any dependence on a political uprising in Germany. certainly could not less end of the German war before the end of the spring or even before we reach early summer. It may come earlier, and no one will rejoice more than I if lt As he called the measure to the floor, the Prime Minister said that various parties in the coalition government would be holding conferences before Christmas and, one cannot forecast what will occur, the possibility that a desire for return to the party system will be strongly expressed cannot be excluded." YANKS DRIVE THROUGH LEYTE VALLE rv 1 GENERAL HEADQUARTERS, PHILIPPINES. OCT.

31. infantrymen, battling a typhoon and desperate Japanese delaying tactics, drove ahead through Leyte Valley today toward the island's northwest coast and a possible showdown with cornered but sizable Nipponese forces. The 24th Division was ten miles from a Juncture with the 1st Cavalry on Carigara Bay, after capturing Jaro, last important inland road juncture, in fierce battling Sunday. Gen. Douglas MacArthur announced Japanese casualties on Leyte and Samar total 24,000, against a total of 3.221 for the killed, 270 missing and 2.245 wounded.

Japanese reinforcements from Cebu were landed in darkness at Ormoc, on Leyte's west-central coast. It was possible they were intended (Continued On Page Five) REDS GAIN IN PUSH TOWARD BUDAPEST LONDON, OCT. 31. troops have broken into met, fourth largest Hungarian city fifty miles southeast of Budapest, in their offensive aimed at the capital, the Berlin radio said today. However, the troops were declared driven out.

battle between the Danube and lower Tisza rivers is nearing a the official German news agency DNB said. superior enemy forces have succeeded in squeezing back Hungarian lines, they were nowhere able to tear up the The Germans asserted that nine Russian and three Romanian infantry divisions, a motorized corps and several tank brigades were upwards of 225.000 men. The Soviet communique did not mention the drive, but the Moscow (Continued On Page Five) States To Support His Charge Tells Of Hillman, Browder And Others Who Are Running Fourth Term Campaign BIRTHS Born yesterday morning to Mr. and Mrs. Myrl Martin, Webster street, Westminster, a daughter.

Connie Marie. S. 1 and Mrs. Euan L. Feeser, Littlestown, have announced the Royal Temple, No.

107, Pythian Sisters, will sponsor a public card party tomorrow evening at 3 clock in the Knights of Pythias hall, birth of a daughter, Victoria Jayne, Carlisle street. The Business Girls Club of the Y. W. C. A.

will hold its monthly (Continued On Page Four) Shorts, all sizes. 49c. C. lrPhy Center Square, City. 139 Adv.

Boys' Dungarees. 92c at U. c. Murphy Center Square, City. 1 39 Adv.

October 27, at the Hanover General hospital. Mrs. Feeser before mar riage was Miss Jayne Gouker, dau ghter of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Gcuk er, 212 Ruth avenue, Hanover.

at o. Mur- phv Center Square, City. 139 Adv. Shock-oroof watches for scrvice i For excellent Eye Glasses at inod- men Mark E. Trone, Jeweler eratc prices.

Visit Dr. Hunter Eye men. clinic, 22 Carlisle St. 139 Adv. DETROIT, Ocr.

31 Delivering here last night the concluding speech of the Western and Mid- Western section oi a campaign tour that covered 10,000 miles in four weeks, Governor John W. Brickcr of Ohio, Republican candidate for Vice-President, emphasized again in a national broadcast what he considers the most vital issue of the present election the threat of Communist control of the United States government il President Roosevelt is re-elected for a fourth term. "The New Deal has been strangely silent in this campaign about these said Governor nicd its affiliation with Sidney Hillman and his Political Action Committee or with Earl Browder and his Communists. He w'eakly told us that he neither seeks nor wel- Dewey Speaks Tonight Gov. Thomas E.

Dewey of New York, Republican presidential nominee, w-ill speak over the WEAF-NBC network at 9 o'clock this evening from Memorial Auditorium, Buffalo, N. Y. He vi'l be introduced by Edwin F. Jaeckle, New York state Republican chairman. Governor Dewey will be heard again tomorrow, on the NBC and Mutual networks, at 9.30 p.

from Mechanics Hall, Boston, where he will be introduced by Gov. Leverett Saltonsatall of Massachusetts. comes the support of any person or group committed to Communism or Fascism. But he has not repudiated their support. The truth is that Mr.

Roosevelt cannot repudiate the support of Hillman and Browder and the Communist ele- War Souvenirs On Display Several German articles, obtained on the Western Front in France by Warrant Officer Jesse L. Crabbs, son of Mr. and Mrs. Jesse Crabbs, Pleasant street, are on display in the window at the office of the Crabbs Detective Agency, Frederick street! Included are an coat, made of white leather, lined with fleece and having wooden buttons; a coat of rabbit fur, and a silk parachute, bearing camouflage markings. PERSONAL AND SOCIAL A VO tuuntt utiauot Ait; their political prisoner.

which conclusively prove that Franklin Roosevelt and the Mr. and Mrs. Daniel S. Wentz, daughter Susan, 229 Baer avenue, spent Sunday in Washington, D. where they visited their son, Daniel S.

Wentz, Jr. Week-end guests at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Storm, Charles avenue, were Mr. and Mrs.

Raymond Entermarks and daughters, Peggy Lou and Arleen, Pompton DEWEY WILL SPEAK TWICE IN STATE By The Associated Press) Governor Thomas E. eleventh-hour decision to make two more speeches in pivotal Pennsylvania topped campaign developments in the Keystone state today. The Republican presidential nominee will visit the hard coal region Thursday to make an address in Wilkes-Barre at 8 p. m. and another in Scranton an hour later.

Governor Martin, who disclosed the move almost simultaneously with its announcement at Albany, said neither of the Dewey talks will be broadcast, explaining to reporters want them to be intimate meetings for those great He added GOP leaders in the area are about Dewey previously spoke at Philadelphia at the start of a cross-country tour last month and then later in Pittsburgh. Both visits preceded that of President Roosevelt to Philadelphia last Friday. (Continued On Page Four) NEW U. S. COMMANDER ARRIVES AT CHUNGKING CHUNGKING, OCT.

31. Gen. Albert Wedemeyer arrived in Chungking this afternoon to assume the past of commander of American forces in China, recently relinquished by Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell on his recall to Washington.

AIRCRAFT AND STEEL SHARES LEAD RECOVERY NEW YORK, OCT. 31. and steels led a selective and quiet recovery shift in today's stock market. Wash Suits. 79c at C.

Mur- uougias Aircratt ana urumman touched peaks for 1944. Ahead the phy Center Square, City. greater part of the time were Boeing, Glenn Martin, United Aircraft. U. 1 Adv.

(Continued On Page Four) and genuine leather wallets. Mark E. Trone, Jeweler. 1-tf Adv. S.

Steel, Bethlehem, Chrysler. General Motors, Santa Fe. Southern Pacific, Sears Roebuck, Montgomery Ward, duPont and Allied Chemical. Occasional losers were Goodrich, American Smelting, Electric Power Light, Oliver Corp. and International NickeL.