Western Daily Press from Bristol, Avon, England • 9

MOUNTAINS, RIVERS. VALLEYS: AND HOW THEY CAME." 5 Sd a North -cote lectured at the to a large audience upon SfcVu th Mou ntains, Rivers, and VjV treating his topic a erer to the formation of th the ramarkable scenic con- ntainou North and the oUntrv of the South. Throw- nte a ma P' which the lecturer I the a rance of tslov WtaS Possi Wy be seen from one 'tt I' Proceeded to speak of Pac and of its origin and due to volcanic action. shown composed of I SC Cic'rtfanite, thrown up Sftl? stu rbances, whilst other Wih re shown be largely 6lls and similar material of ocean. This rock 'Vi Sl ric- oc ean bed was in constant By the aid of ns tarui "des the processes and at work were described, kV 1 i ar rocks from mountain material from which tbe rivers into the beds to form new i ame elevated and and thus by tne processes ari i efor mation tbe land was the size and contour of cha The value of I Cr studying these great Corn mented upon, and tho Vs im seen in the Rhondda and explained and 1 1 KV'oNd formation from the of lon a es lnci dentally the lecturer 1 th the.sterling character.

ftw iSSn heroism of the Welsh stra ta of the rocks was to nature's pushine nu Se boulders found in of which wafj the neighbourhoodp to rock formation of er accounted for hv ih ot masses having been "igher regions and domSSa to nt Tbe lecturer spoke Of been a volcano, and wXi of North Wale? fwV rock, which enabled atior i to be resisted. A 1 that Wales and Ireland KXN nd this was borne out interesting details were KSS fc fs of ns of Snowdon, a the North Wales to I fr the peak of in as Perhaps most RV CV he Bri tish Isles. An lecture was devoted I ture of old Llanwddvn i of Liverpool. Be ria of the Liverpool Cor- of photographs was shown, illustrating the lake as it existed formerly, the building: of the great dam, and the series of arches, the letting in of the water, and gradually filling up the great lake, now over five miles in length, the method -of regulating the water outflow, and the miniature Niagara Falls resulting. Additional interestwas added to this account and the illustrations by the remarkable similarity to the work on a smaller scale in the Yeo Valley in connection with the Bristol water supply to form the IBlagdon reservoir.

In many of the views some remarkable colour effects were reproduced, which elicited appreciative applause. The musical programme prior to the lecture was rendered by The Serenaders' Concert Party." under the direction of Mr Conway Pierson, the numberp including the March of the Men of Harlech;" duet, "For all eternity (Angelo Mascherino). by Miss Elsie Browning and Mr Conway Pierson: balOad, "Down by the old mill stream (Tell Taylor), Mr C. Pierson; and Welsh airs, The' ash grove," "All through the night," and "Land of my fathers," the latter eliciting a warm encore. SOMERSET DIVORCE CASE.

Yesterday, in the Divorce Court, before Mr Justice Bargrave Deane in the case of Braddick v. Braddick and Hutchings. Mr Price moved on behalf of the petitioner, Wm. Stephen Braddick, fo leave to dispense with personal service of tne petition on the corespondent, Thomas Hutchings, on the ground that he was now serving with the British Expeditionary Force somewhere in France. Counsel stated that the petitioner was married to his wife, Florence, in January, 1903, and they lived together at Langford Budville, Somerset.

In 1914, the corespondent came to lodge with them, and misconduct was alleged to have taken place between Mm and Mrs Braddick in 1914 and 1915. Petitioner's solictors had written a letter to co respondent in Franw, and he had written brck to respondent's brother asking for advice, and admitting misconduct in January, 1915. He also admitted that he had sent respondent money, and had made an allotment to her of £1 a week out of his pay. Respondent, when served with the citation, admitted misconduct. No damages were clajmed by petitioner, and he wanted to save expense.

In the course of discussion, his Lordship said he did not think ought to be troubled when he was fighting our battles at the front. His mind ought not to be diverted from his duties. He granted the application to dispense with personal service of the petition on the co-respondent, and directed that the petition phonld be served on respondent's brother, to whom co-respondent had written. At a mass meeting held at Berlin (Ontario), it was resolved to present a petition asking that the name of the town be changed to one more in keeping with the national sentiment. The people of Berlin, numbering 16.000 are largely of German but they have given liberally to the patriotic funds, and responded fairly well to recruiting.

LETTERS FROM INDIA (No. 4). FROM THE TOP 01? TAB ELEPHANT A SURVEY OP LAMQBE. "There are no elephants, and no tigers, in the Punjab; they don't grow here." I confess when I heard this statement to some feeling of disappointment. I was brought up on elephants and tigers.

I thought they were to be found everywhere in India. It was some comfort, therefore, one day, as I was coming back from the poet office, to see one elephant, at all slowly drifting down towards the Mall like an old-fashioned omnibus amongst the traffic of these dusty roads two-wheeled tongas, the bullock wagons, and the splendid carriages of the wealthy (people of Lahore, with their turbaned footmen standing up behind. I am afraid we turned, like English street-boys, and went after him as, with an infinite look of leisure, he sauntered on, stopping now and then to pass the time of day. as it were, with the world about him. We were not alone in our curiosity.

Everybody stared. Lower down tho road a school turned out (schools, like everything else, are leisurely in India), and the boys stood about the door with their wooden slates on the ground. Hathi hai!" Behold, the It turned out that though elephants do not "grow in this cold Punjab of ours, the Governor General, Sir Michael O'Dwyer, keeps just this one State elephant at Government House. (He has a camel carriage, too, with a splendid team of six for great occasions. We saw it when the Viceroy was here reviewing the veterans, the camels gorgeous with scarlet and leopard skins, and leopard skin the fur harness.

But that is "another story," as Mr Kipling, who was born at Lahore, used to say.) The Government elephant is not expected to work for his living. Sometimes he is taken out strolling to fetch his own food, but for the most part he is not seen in the streets of Lahore, and you must go a long way to the grounds of Government House if you want to get a view of the high -ridge of his back over the wall. No wonder he creates some sensation when he walks abroad. The Government elephant cannot be had for money, but he can be for love." When we knew this we were wild to have him. And so it came about that having a friend in the Educational Department (a Balliol man who used to live in Clifton) who knew the secretary, we found ourselves one afternoon at the Delhi Gate ready to go round about the old city itself on the top of the elephant.

There he was, with his short cut tusks with brass rings, waiting for us, and a swarm of people waiting, too, to see us start. All the world of Northern India surges through the bazaars of the city, and we saw men there of all races and types in all the lovely and varied costumes and colours of India, grouped, at a respectful distance, round the elephant. One group I cannot forget, men with beautiful faces, thick glossy hair about their ears, high turbans, flowing group any old Italian painter might have chosen for a "Visit of the Kings." At last, when all our party the elephant knelt, we mounted, and thenterrible moment! began to rise. We were seated back to back, jaunting-car fashion on our perilous perch covered with gaudy trappings of edged with a border of over brilliant yellow. Some of us had holding-on places.

I had none. It seemed for the moment more than likely that I should be pitched into that awe struck, picturesque crowd below. You know what an earthquake must be like when an elephant begins to rise in sections. There was an awful lurching, an upheaval, a breaking-up of foundations, a scrambling for support on the part of the lucky ones who could find it, and then, in a minute, we were high up in the air, safe, and passing into the city through the famous Delhi Gate. "Hahti hai, hahti the elephant." From every narrow lane and court, from every house and shop, came the children.

"Hahti hai elephant is here! How they swarmed about us, the air full of their Hahti hai! I thought of the old verse about the Zoological Gardens at The elephant he goes round. The band begins to play; The little boys round by the monkey-house Had better get out of "the way. I thought the little boys round by the queer, red-painted Hindu shrine (where Hanuman, the ugly monkey god, worshipped, for all I know) had certainly "better get out of the way." Everywhere in those crowded streets I thought such elementary prudence necessary, and, indeed, frequent to right and left made it clear the boys themselves were of my opinion. Sometimes a playful father would seize his boy and make as if he would throw him under the elephant's feet, and the timid child would "snatch a (very) fearful joy." "Hahti the elephant I we went on amid the tumultuous acclamation of all the children of Lahore. How can one describe the amazing of the old city within the narrow lanes, the high picturesque houses, with their beautiful windows and carved balconies; the tiny open shops of merchants; the markets, mosques, temp'-es, shrines, and the great river of life carts, women, children, great droves of very milky mothers of the buffalo home from pasture in the late afternoon; fat tailed sheep with spots of orange coloured dye; bold goats, pariah dogs, lean cats, pet quails in cages, all crowded together in the dust, and noise and sun and shadow, and in the sky white and pink and yellow innumerable paper kites of many shapes floating over the city, and above them again the real kites kite-hawks that I used to mistake for huge, broad-winged scavengers of the east, soaring and sweeping the upper air How can one.

give any hint of the wonder of the bazaars, as we brush past the overhanging branches of the pipal tree, and long pugarees of many colours hanging a line across the narrow ways to dry, the cook shops, with the appetising smell of frizzling meat, the howls of boilinc milk, the leavesful of strange confections of sugar and spice; the sweet shops of lusciously greasy sweets in infinite variety, some spun out like snakes of many colours the cotton shops, with beautiful materials, white and cream, with selvidges which give the commonest wrap some exquisite touch of colour and beauty; tho brilliant orange, flaming red, bright emerald green, which make the streets everywhere glow like an English flower garden in June; the s-hoe shops with their supply of handsome shoes (to carry in the hand) worked into gold or silver thread, the tailors' where "gentlemen's own materials are made up" in the open, the booksellers', the dye-sellers, the toy-sellers, the paper kite sellers, the coppersmiths, the whisk and brush will the long catalogue end, and how can one' hope to take it all in lumbering round the narrow ways on the top of the elephant? Here suddenly in this congestion is an open garden; how refreshing it would be if only the long-expected and needed "Christmas rains" would come and wash the thick dust from all this beautiful foliage. But everywhere lies the duet, and we see it more than ever before from our high seat dirt, rufcbish on all the roofs of the balconies never seen from below; tailors' cuttings, tins, scavengers' property, all covered up with the uniform sheet of the duet of years The whole city seemed to need a sprine nip flr ing. Here is a holy man." His hair long and matted, covered with dust; his cloth ing reduced to a with ashes" in his hand a begging bowl, which, by-and the pious will nil with rice. He toS spring cleaning 1 "Guilty of dtitt'" One finds a new meaning i iuL arresting phrase of George Herbert's Jn Ind4 But here, at last, is the fort guarded by mr men of the Sixth Devons, and we have littlfl time to talk to them and see the sights within these historic walls and return through the city before the sun goes down. And how beautiful it is to see the golden sun go down over the wonderful city! Perhaps the thing that re mains most in my mind is the golden light of the level rays beating on the domes of the Golden Mosque in the middle of the crowded streets, and the graceful minarets with their own gold glittering in the golden sky.

At the Delhi Gate, the elephant fell on his knees once more, and we were on the ground There are no knobs of sugar in scarcely why trouble about the conventional lump? There were stacks of sugar cane in the bazaars outside the city, and we gave our elephant stick after well merited reward. He crunched the first, with a noise like a giant crunching gigantic celery, and we watched him pack the rest away between his tusk and grey cheek for future leisurely use, before we stepped into the motor, and in a moment found ourselves once more in the prosaic world. Some West of England friends of mine at Ferozepore have a camel that again is another story," which might be told, I suppose, more in tho manner of John Gilpin." There is something rather splendid in riding a camel when ho walks, as he does, in his own slow, stately, spongy, fashion but when he trots it is a different matter. When he gallops it is very different I had not known before that camels could gallop. Well, one reflection comes often into my mind as I think of means of locomotion in India.

How very dull the trains will seem when I come home ASSISTANT MAGISTRATES' CLERK. LETTER FBOM THE BRISTOL RATEPAYERS' ASSOCIATION. To the Editor of the Western Daily Press. SIR is a copy of a letter that has been forwarded to the Bristol City Council, and I should be glad if you will kindly insert the same in your next issue. Yours truly, JOHN ROGERS, Hon.

Secretary, Bristol Ratepayers' Association. 19, High Street, Bristol, Feb. 14, 1916. (Copy.) To-the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Members of the City Council. February 14, 1916.

My Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Gentlemen, I am directed by my Association to inform you that they have noted with satisfaction that the question of filling the vacancy in the Magistrates' Clerk's office is to come under your consideration, and to aseure your Council that the reason which orompted them to approach the Home Secretary in the matter was the wish to he just and fair in tbe serious crisis through which our country' is passing. The Lord Chancellor having set a noble example by announcing that he will not create any new X.C.'s while the war continues, and other bodies having also taken steps in a similar direction, inspired the hope in my Association that bur own authorities, for the credit of the city, would not be found lacking in the necessary wisdom at this important juncture. The report of the Selection Committee that no new circumstances have arisen since the Council agreed to the appointment of the late Mr Braithwaite in July last is certainly not accurate. At that time it was not possible to effect a substantial economy without inflicting hardship, there being ho vacancy; but with the death of the late joint clerk "an entirely new situation has resulted, and my Association are hopeful that your Council will view the question in this light. With reference to tin; Justices' extraordinary proposal to strike out all candidates of a mifitarv ago from this lucrative taking advantage of their absence on national regarded by my Asisociation as being very unpatriotic.

As throwing some light on this aspect of the 1 ma cay that in conversation one ot the magistrates a short time ago he expressed the opinion that no man within the military limit (41) would be any good for the post, but the lact tnat the late Home Secretary John Simons had the refusal of the" Lord Chancellorship while only 42 years of age, and held the distinguished and responsible office of Attorney-General at an even earlier date should be a fitting rejoinder to that remark. I would here like to remind your Council that under the Justices' Clerks Act, 1877, it is provided that where a person has served for not less than 14 years as an assistant clerk to the Justices he may be permanently appointed Magistrates' Clerk, without possessing the necessary solicitor's certificate, and that at West Ham. Portsmouth, and some other horonghs this method of working is found in practice. This appears to be a wise and striking recoeof 1 OUr gators of the vahfe experience as against mere eduea- theoretical knowledge, and makes ft Cl6ar th at there was articular the vacancy respect nt affeCted is weU quipped in this Shon that the appointment could 1 an the £700 a year saved waT the rLn li 0n of crime city of cl observation by mv Association of the duties of this branch of oS a in tnat time a whig have been to the pre siding Magistrate as a symbol of the conduct of the citizens bjmDoi ot tne Ip conclusion, my earnestly appeal to your Council to recommend the Home Secretary to holr? nmu. abeyance until after the war fa xr.

i -r, Yours truly, (for the Bristol Association), JOHN ROGERS, Hon. Secretary. A GLOUCESTER CRIMINAL APPEAL. The case of Sidney Pitman, of Gloucester, who was convicted and sentenced to 12 months' imprisonment recently for obtaining money by false pretences, was mentioned yesterday to the Court of Criminal Appeal before th Lord Chief Justice, and Justices Ridley and Lawrence. Mr Roland Oliver said in this case Pitman had appealed, but later he abandoned his appeal It appeared that he thought his friends were rising money in support of his appeal, and being informed that no funds were forthcoming wisttS- he me dxird Chief Justice said no donht under mld ing the abandonment of the withdrawal Mr Oliver said the man did desire to on-points which might be substantiated and i l6r no reason why he have abandoned the appeal except that he thought funds raise Sary that ends "SuldSoJ The Lord Chief Justice: We hav many appeals in this Court where the man had no money.

uo Mr Oliver replied that Pitman stated that at the time his friends were trying to raise money he was represented by a solicitor, so that funds were necessary. He was not aware if Pitman knew that he could prosecute his appeal even if he had no funds, but he thought 4 was obvious he did not know. The prisoner was convicted with another man named Kershaw whose appeal was now standing for hearing so that the two cases could be heard together Mr Justice Lawrence: You should have waited till Kershaw succeeded, and then you would have had good ground. 3 Mr Oliver said: the two men took the same points, but Kershaw added a question of He did not know that he could nut it more forcibly than the man really did think that he needed money to orosecute his Mr Justice Lawrence: Any gaoler would tell him better than that. The Lord Chief Justice: In every cell there is a notice telling the man he can appeal Mr Justice Ridley added that when a man had once abandoned an appeal, it ought not to bo allowed to be restored to the list without there was.

very good reason. In giving judgment, the Lord Chief Justice said in this case notice of appeal was given by Pitman, and thereafter abandoned by him in a signed letter addressed to the Court ConU cuentlv, under the rules, the appeal must ha held to have been dismissed by the Court There was no doubt the Court had power either to allow the notice of abandonment to be with drawn, or to re-open the case which had dismissed. But the Court would only allow this'if there were special circumstances, which in the opinion of the Court, would iustifv a departure from the ordinary rules. this case the applicant, relied merely on the statement that he thought as no money could be found he must give up his appeal. In the opinion of the Court, these facts did not justify the reopening of the appeal.

It must be remembered that precautions were taken to bring to the knowledge of all prisoners that they had a right to appeal, and that the Court would deal with the matter even if they had no means. The Court held that in this case there was no iustification for acceding to the application made on behalf of Pitman, and it would therefore hs dismissed. MORE EFFECTIVE BLOCKADE. VIEWS OF LOBt) BERESFORD, Lord Devonport, Chairman of the Port of London Authority, presided at a public meeting held at Cannon Street, London, call on the Government to make a fuller and more effectual use of our sea power. Lord Beresford, who was unable to attend, wrote: If the Government had used our sea power as they were entitled to do at the commencement of the war, by instituting an effective blockade and making all goods entering Germany absolute contraband, the war would now be over.

Public opinion will probably compel the Government to make fuller and more effective use of our sea power and so end the war." Lord Devonport said it was undoubtedy a fact that the British Fleet had absolute and command of the seas, but were we utilising to the full the power which that command gave ns? European neutrals without exception, were importing supplies far in excess of theirlown needs. The blockade must be tightened up, and if the Navy were allowed to fight with the gloves off the smashing of the mailed fist would soon 'become an accomplished fact. A number of ambitious young American aviators have applied for positions in the service of the Allies' with a view to securing experience to render themselves most efficient for service here should the United States ever be at war. STILL THE UNRIVALLED KEMEDY. KEA.TTN'G'S Coughs, Hoarseness, and Throat Trembles.

One Lozenge cives ease and relief. 13id per box, Sold by all Chemists throughout the world. WESTEEN DAILY! PRESS; BRISTOBs TUESDAY; FEBRUARY 15, 1916. 9 Plateful of Porridge Equals FQur Eggs wa a Authority points out to the public the lc of the egg-and-bacon breakfast Dr. Robert Bell, writing in Evening News" on Dec.

16 last, said: A good plateful of porridge is roughly equal in nutritive value to four eggs. It is tho finest possible food to begin the day's work on, being inexpensive, and, weight for weight, far more nourishing than the egg-and-bacon meal. Comparatively speaking, bacon is worthless as a nourishing food, inasmuch as it contains none ef the natural salts present in cereals. Keep to the Cereals' should be the motto of every housewife." a Kcr most nutritious, delicious, and nomical of all best for your purse and family's health. Cut out expensive Con for thirty days and prove it.

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