Times Herald from Washington, District of Columbia • Page 25

NINETY-EIGHT WOMEN SLAIN IN WHOLESALE EXECUTIONS AS JAPAN HOLDS KOREA IN SLAVERY WITH GUN AND BAYONET INDUSTRIAL SERFDOM FATE OF PEOPLE UNDER TYRANNY OF JAPANESE talis, Trade, Arc nominated By Group of Militarists in Tokyo. Returned American iusfaess Man Wans United States (to Take Heed of Korea's Lesson and teware of 'he Yellow Oppressor. world-wide attention has been foamed on Korea's passive but intense struggle for the independence of which she was robbed bit Japan in the. Tokyo government's long-laid campaign of territorial aggrandizement by militaristic achievement. IjOfit week, Robert L.

Ward, American business man, recently returned from a three-years' stay in the Far East, recounted Japanese aggressions against Americans and her secret preparations for a war, possibly in the near future. In this second installment of his startling disclosures, Mr. Ward takes up the atrocities of Japan in oppressing Korea, fearlessly exposed in recent years by American missionaries and Korean patriots. Mr. Ward writes with the authority of an eye-witness.

By ROBERT L. WARD THIS is a ghastly tale am about to relate. Volumes would be required to give the story in all its hor rifying detail. Internationally, you have been reading in the headlines of the oppressions by Japan in Korea. 1 have seen many of those oppressions.

I can tell you, fellow Americans, what is behind the dispatches that evoked those sensational headlines. My motive is two-fold: First, to bring forcefully to your attention the sufferings I have seen. Second, and more important, it is to hammer home to America a further warning to be prepared against Japan. For whatever Japan mav be doing today in China and Manchuria and Korea and Siberia is merely preparatory to TITE DAY when Tokyo will gt? the word to attack fcie United States! What has happened in the Far East. If we do not plan against such a possibility, may happen In America.

You have read of girls of Korea being stripped naked afld flogged, ankl dragged through the atreets to even more flagrant Indignities and torturoua death. You have read of famlHes being executod. of being clubbed to of croeltiea practised wrm 0B American mlaalonartea. Tho atariea are true. Too K0RKAN8.

loany mn a teiidful tn Seoul, the 0t ITimi awl In th? The Korea na. a peaoefnl ta Che In their lrve were proapertog to Oture and to extenaive flabToday they are betas gradastmtnateO. tor that la the program and the JapaBaeol tar outnumber the Tbe rldheat have peaeed Into japan we ownership unde? The Korean language baa been abetlahed to tbe publlo schools. Tbe children must study and speek the Japanese tonrne. Korean atudanta are not permitted higher education.

xn are forced to aalute tbe Japaneee flag and to worahlp the Japanese Emperor's tablet. There Is constant and bitter persecution of Christianity 1n all lte activities. That one who hns never given the situation In the Far East much consideration may the more easily understand Korea's plight I will recount, as a proper background, the manner In which the Kingdom of Korea, most passive Mnd peaceable of nations, was subjiifrated. With the Russo-Japanese came a communication to all nations from Tokio of Japan's sol emn intention "to guarantee clef lnitely the Independence and territorial integrity of the Korean Kmpire." Till: TREATY OF t904. A treaty was made in August, 1904, by which Japanese money was made legal tender, the Korean army reduccd from to l.Oo.t and all Korean garrisons altol Ishcd.

A Japanese official was appointed to exercise eminent domain. It was. apparently, a pro fKtorate. Tn November. 1007, Marquis Ito arrived in Seoul with demands in treaty form, giving Japan control of Koreas internal administration and wresting away Korea's Inde pendence.

Aghast the Emperor and his Cabinet refused. Marquis Ito forced himself Into the Emperor presence time and again and In vain outside the palace Japanese troops were making a show of military maneuvers, to give impression of the force they could exert If necessary to employ aggressive tactlca to that extent. Thla display was not without Its effect. For the cabinet could not fofrget that terrible night In 1896 when Japanese soldiers had forced their way into the palacs after a similar demonstration and murdered the queen. If Japan had dons this before, would she hesitate to repeat? RULE BY BAYONET.

Japanese troops with fixed onets entered the courtyard and Bned up under the apsfrtment as ths marquis again forced Ms way to the ruler. The Emperor again declined to yield. Eventually, however, the strident demands of the Japanese had their effect on some of the and by force the treaty waa pat through. A native newspaper In Seoul. Whang Sung shlnmun, printed a true aooount of whst had happened.

It was suppressed and the editor Jailed. Tills was what It tainted at the end: "la It worth while for any of ua to lire any longer? Our neople hare become the slaves of others. The spirit of a nation which hss stood 4.000 years haa perished In a TTnder the treaty Japanese offlelala took "control of foreign reia, tlona and In Korea," and it was "agreed" that "Japanese dlplomatlo representatives and consuls will protect the subjects and Interests of Korea abroad." The Koreans "bound" themselves "not to negotiate any treaty or agreement of a matlo nature without the Intermediary of Japan." It was "agreed" that "the Japanese government will appoint a resident general as Its repiesentatlve, and the Japanese government is entitled to appoint a resident In every Korean open port." I'NDER JAPAN'S TYRANNY. The Emperor abdicated in favor of his son, a mental Incompetent nnd a pawn in Japanese hands. Tokyo Was able to put over the final "treaty" of subjugation shortly after.

It suld: "All laws to be enacted and all administrative measures to be undertaken by the Korean government shall previously receive ilie onsetit of the resident general. "The government of Korea shall follow tlio guidance of the resident general in effecting administratis reforms. "Appointment and dismissal of high officials of Korea shall he at I he pleasure of the resident gen- eral. "The government of Korea shall appoint to government offices of Korea any Japanese the resident general may recommend. "The government of Korea shall engase no foreigner without consent of the resident general." Thereafter, the rsst was easy A complete control of business and commerce, absolute administration of government without a THREE FEET AWAY! waiting the order to fire.

All these victims are men condemned to death for some fancied offense or other. The reason the firing squad stands so close is that they are noted for being such poor marksmen. In the lower right hand corner may be seen a few of the coffins ready for the victims. Placing the death tag around the neck of a military court victim. Korean votra In political, relfeftjoa or educational affaire, mala annexation of Korea by on August 21, 1910, a matter that failed draw International attention.

PATRIOTS DEFY TOKYO. Despite the drastic methods employed by Japan to break up meetings of patriots, the Koreans were able, on March 1. 1919. to issue Declaration of Independence for the 20.000,000 citizens of the subjugated nation. The declaration will bear repetition of somo of clauses: of liberty is something that cannot be stamped out or stifled or gagged or suppressed.

We have experienced years of agony of foreign oppression, with every loss of the right to live, even- restriction of the freedom of thought. fTfry damage dona to the dignify of If the defects of the past are to be rectified. If the agony of the present Is to be unloosened. If future oppression Is to be avoided, If thought Is to be set free. If we are to deliver our children from the painful, shameful heritage, the first thing Is Independence." Thus far my article has been general.

Now I will be specific. First, as to Japanese business and industrial dominion In Korea. Every function of national and local government in Korea Is Japanese. No Koreans are employed in government capai itles except, rarely. In very minor capacities The police are Japanese.

Tlxtroops, and there are many, are Japanese he streets have Japanese names. Fortifications and garrisons being erected every where are Japanese. Shipbuilding in Japanese, And so are business and industry. CONFISCATION METHODS. Japan Is colonizing Korea at a tren.endous rate.

That meant the of control of business and in dustry. A Japanese wants a certain business establishment. He nffi'rs the Korean owner a price Th? Korean refuses. The price Is ridiculously low. The Japanese takes it to court is upheld.

The Japanese .1 certain farm. He Rets It thj fame way. nlmoM for nothing The Japanese have the best lands, ihey have the fisheries, they have the rnllroads and th? mines. Thcv have everything they sought am? are getting everything they seek Official control of the per capita finances makes Korean competition with Japanese met' chants impossible. The have been thrown into industrial serfdom.

Restriction of religious control have been effected drastically. Pastors of any faith have been forbidden to preach without a Jap anrse license. No religious gathering of more than five may be held without sanction Japanese police Veep complete copies of all church rolls. Secretly tlicy harass young men and women engaged in church and mis work. Theological students inttft secure a Japanese license fore tliev can be ordained Often this is denied if the student is a patriot Kearlng the democratic and lib fit' teaching doctrines of th.

i 'hrtstian religion, the have b'-eri particularly offensiw MANY TINY PLANETS STILL LEFT NAMELESS FIVE only were known to the ancients, and for many centuries their names have been those of the familiar gods of classical mythology. The discovery of a sixth, by Herachel, naturally raised the question of nomenclature. Continental astronomers desired to honor the discoverer by calling the new planet 1 lerschtl, while he himself wished to show his loyalty by the title of Oeorgium Sidus. General agreement was secured by the adoption of Uranus, bs being In keeping with the other planets, and ho. when the predictions of Adams and Verrlcr were justified by the discovery of another great planet, the name of Neptune seemed uulte appropriate, writes scientific correspondent in the linden Morning Post.

Meanwhile, however, Piazzi, at Palermo, had discovered tho first of the small planets, and convention soon prescribed that for these objects names of goddesses should be adopted. The first four accordlnply were called Ceres, Pallas, Juno and Vesta, followed, after a considerable Interval by Astraea. Hebe, Iris and Flora. Convention evidently failed to decide whether Ureek or names were to be used, but was sufficiently strong to raise a controversy when It was proposed to name the twelfth Uttle planet Victoria. It pointed out that Scientists Exhaust Nomenclature off Latin, Greek, Scandinavian, Aztec and Other Mythologies and Turn to Names of Discoverers of Asteroids and Even Those of Scan Cities and States.

the goddess of Victory was Indicated quite as clearly us the British Queen, and Continental objections were withdrawn. PHOTOGRAPHIC METHODS. The introduction of photographic methods very grewtly increased the rate of discovery of these ceIcstlnl fragments called generally small planets on the minor planets In this country, and asteroids In America, nnd beforo long the problem of finding suitable names threatened to become difficult. Advantage was taken of the want of restriction in the lan guage. And so we find Juno and Hera, Pallas and Minerva, Artemis and Plana, llestin and Vesta, as separate entities, but even so, names began to fail, and the convention gradually modified.

Teutonic and ticandanavian mythology was laid under contribution, but an attempt was made to Latinise the names as far as possible. Professor Watson for some of his discoveries chose names from Psruvtan mythology, and soon the classical convention seemed to torn to shreds. Much nsnaaa Austria, llungaria, Oermania, Russia, Bavaria. Badcnia, Silesia, and Bohemia on this side of the Atlantic encouraged those of California. Argentina, and Columbia on the other, imii the appearance of Martha.

Emma, Alice and May still further emphasized the departure from tradition. Chicago came rather as a shock, but perhaps it sounds as well as Brtisi halia and Berolnla. Latinized names of Brussels and Berlin. DISCOVERY OK EROS. Ill 1S9S the discovery of the celebrated Kros by Dr.

Witt, of Berlin, raised a protest, as learned Professor chose a frankly masculine name. A punning sugestion was made that the proper name should be Brevltas, slnco at that tltne It was the "sole" (discovery) of "Witt," but It was argued that the convention only governed those planets whoso orbits lay between those of Mars and Jupiter, whereas that of Kros lies partly between that of Mars and the Earth, hence Its great value for determining the solar parallax. Tt was felt, nevertheless. ths' msscullne names sorvod for special snd so when ii planet was found whose orbit readied that of Jupiter, pausing a specially restricted motion, the name of Achillea was approved. This particular class, known as "Trojan" planeth, now includes also l'atroclus, Hector.

Nestor and I'riajmis. TOO ASTEROIDS NAMKI). Koine names clearly Indicate the observatories where their owners wore discovered, such as Vallcana. PuIcovh, Kimeisa and Tatintonin. Others recall famous astronomers, an Xewtonia, Struv.ana, Hurnba Inla Harnardlna and I'alisana.

while Centesima was so named by f)r. Max Wolf, as being the hundredth discovered by him In his diligent photographic search. The number of these planets recognized ns separate objects and allotted registration numbers recently leached 9ri0, but though No. B4R has received a name, Barcelona, the majority of the recent discoveries have not. Up to 700 the naming Is complete, and nearly half of the next hundred have been named, but barely one-fifth of the remainder.

It has always been the discoverer's privilege to provide names, but some of thom seem scarcely to value this privilege, or perhaps they have received so many suggestions from friends that they are afraid to choooa. being unable to adopt the common artifice at our christenings of giving a whole nf to planet. NIPPON BULLIES BURN AND PILLAGE WITHOUT RESTRICTION IN HATE With Iron Grip on Korean Government, ffiiiado's Soldiers Plant Their Iron ieei Upon Tiny Especial? Forced To People Killed, Girls Tortured and Sent to Fate Worse Than to Christianity in Korea. News censored. Lies are sent out by th? Japanese Instead of the real news.

Nevertheless, there have come out of Korea the stories of those oppressions. You may recall a story two or three years ago telling how thirty five were shot to death or bayoneted by Ja-nanese soldiers in a Christian church building at Cheam-ni, forty miles from Seoul American and British consular and missionary representatives will confirm this for you. The Japanese explained it was a leathering for independence! At approximately the same time three Christian churches were in three villages. To olfsrl the hram-ni massacre Japanese soldiers ordered all male lirlslians into the church. Then lliey opened fire and charged with bayonets.

A Korean communicated to an American missionary that he had been maltreated. Thereafter he was beaten. Imprisoned and placed in solitary confinement. He was placed in a press and compelled to sit In an upright position, the sides of the press contracting when a wheel on the back was turned. They tied a cord around the middle finger of the right hand, passed the end of the cord over a board at the celling and pulled the rord until the man was hanging by the finger.

Again, two More men were sent lo a by Japanese orders, pretense a proclamation was lo read. Volleys were poured into I hem until the floor was covered with the dead. Two women who had approached the building were bayoneted. Kerosene was poured on the bodies and the church set afire. Whenever there is a clandestine independence meeting and the Japanese discover it there is death for those who participated.

Time and again I have seen these patriots diagged through the streets, prodded with bayonets and i ast into Jail. I have seen girls forced through the streets at bayonet points in Seoul and elsewhere. Tltey have been compelled to strip naked before Japanese officers. Tltey have lieen put to unspeakable indignities. little children of fourteen and fifteen and even younger.

-Then til'J have been tortured and starved or git en lo the soldiers lo do with what the soldiers willed: Groups of girls, thumbs tied together, been forced thus through the streets lo their terrible doom. Hl'RV VICTIMS ALIVE. Men have been dragged from their houses and their homos burned and their families cast adrift while the men were led off to execution for the reason that tlicj were suspected of being patriots! I have seen execution. I have seen Japanese troops blind fold Koreans, step to within three feet of them and shoot. I have seen one such victim writhe after he had been left for dead.

The Japanese returned, discovered lie was alive. Did they shoot again? No. That would be too much bother. They burled hint as lie was? alive! I do not get that from hearsay. I saw it from a distance.

I look photographs, surreptitiously, of course, of that execution. The pictures printed wilh this article were taken by me I hat day. Countless have been because they sought hide pendente. They cannot stage an uprising. Kor they ar? not permitted to have guns.

They are not allowed to gather In groups. They cannot stand on the streets in groups. After dark they must go home. Burning of houses is occasional. Killing of scores at a timo is not infrequent.

an ordinary punishment. In one Jail of a capacity of there were 2,100 prisoners. The heat man of Korea are In Jail. 86 EXECUTED AT ONCE. Thirteen months ago 336 wren summarily executed In one hatch.

Nothing as frightful was ever committed In Belgium by the Germans aa this massacre. Klghty-alx wives and twehe mothers, guilty of no other offense than Mai unable te reveal the whereabouts of thalr hnahaads and soma, were among the M6. Two years ago the spread a report the Japanese population In Korea that America waa back of the Korean demand for independence. This false report stirred a demonstration against all Three British subjects. mistaken for Americans.

were mauled by a Japanese mob at Seoul. Students of a theological school in Vane. Korea, wem seized, stripped and tied to rough wooden crosses, which they were compelled to carry through the streets. They were hrisliaiis. The Japanese soldiers, prodding them with bayonets, shouted gleefully that as their Father had borne the crofts, they, too, should have the privilege! Practically all Korean publications are suppressed.

In school everything is Japanese. The teaching of Korean history is forbidden. Only those are teachers who speak Japanese. "DOCTORED" HISTORY. The textbooks are printed by the Japanese government.

They exclude all subjects relating to European historv and literature which might tend to personal culture or acquaintance with Euro pean struggles for freedom. Stu dents of Korea are forbidden to go abroad to further their education. They are. indeed, forbidden to leave the country for any purpose. The Korean who gets out of Korea gets out by stealth and la In danger of death if caught.

Students are kept from church by lieing compelled to work government on Sunday. Christians are compelled to work on Sunday, so that they shall break the Sabbath. Detectives are at every church service. Pastors who wax emotional on Korean patriotism are arrested The Iron rule maintains. It is unbending.

The Koreans are fighting a passive, hopeless fight. Whether it remains hopeless Is up to the outside world Hut the real big lesson in her for Americans is not ho much Korea's suffering as America's danger. Wherever Japan lias invaded there she lias strewn chaos and anil oppression. Her conquests Ihus far have been spectacular. But they haTe been really minor.

For Japan is after bigger game. It no guessing lo judge the bis prey Japan seeks. (Next week Mr. Ward will tell of Japan's ag gressions in Siberia.) women want to know when "Vlfe's faith in her husban reaches its zenith The question was brought up in court when attorneys for Mrs. Vesta McKatrich Braun stated that a woman's highest point of trust in her husband is about ten days after marriage.

They drew this conclusion from the fact that It was Inst ten days after the wedding that she gav? her husband power of attorney over her affairs, an act which she has asked the court to annul. But other Chicago women denv that love and faith scrlbo a pars "If there Is a of love It Is still before me." declared Mrs Raymond Bobins, political worker "1 have been married nearly twen tv years, and I find that marriage grows better nearly all the way." Mrs. W. H. Seriven, society woman, asserted she and her bus hand are still sweethearts.

"If it were true that tha eenlth of trust is reached in tan days." she said, "I would be In a terrlbla abyss now. There would have hail to be a terrible de. ease, for I have been married nearly twenty years." Mrs. ft. Wile, clubwoman, believes the ten-day limit is the low ebb mark of trust.

"If and wife ever wan' to leave each other and run home, It Is after ten of married life." she said. "It Is onlv after children come that love Is at Ps best." Mrs Harriet Tavtor Treadwsll. school prlnclpsl. sevs there Is no high i i i.