The Newcastle Weekly Chronicle from Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, England • 9

No. 6,573. Zis ilitebtu Yet he spoke of it without remorse or vaigivinit as one of the ordinary principles of political widows. The doctrine yet prevails in newspaper Thornton Hunt agreed with Mr. Bright (I do not) in his repugnance to direct representation of labour.

I had written in The upon the political education of the working people. The following letter, written from the house in which Mr. Hunt died, refers to this 26, Easton Square. N.W., Feb. 12, 1871.

My dear moment I saw your splendid letter in The Titus 1 wanted to write you, expressing the delight I had in reading it. And not only fur its immediate subject, but its general bearing on the real truth of magma. It makes me want to have at least a talk with you, though I often wish for more. But I have been specially the perpetual press of business on my personal attention, by the constantly increasing mesa of weakened health, and lately by the state of quarantine in which my house has been placed through the illness of my daughter Kathleen. She has had small pox, but is now mild in week or two 1 expect to be released.

I only hope this letter will not dismay you; but she is quite isolated at the top of the house. I have not seen her. Those liable have been all in the house two or three of us having had the malady, myself among that section. And my writing place is at the bottom of the house, in a room separate from the rest. I wanted especially to moot two questions to you the hideous missal of the "direct representation of labour class-perpetuating notion of the worst kind and the Emperor Napoleon's best of a periodical congress.

On the last I want much to engage your mind. It is gaining very remarkable converts. As Napoleon said to me in 1864, the periodical assembling would cause many a question to be discussed and settled that now begets congress only through quarrel, and perhaps actual war; and, as I said to him, the records of that congress would be the very commencement of that international law which now has no rxistence, except in the Librat and there only se doctrine which mar, or may not, it the practice of nations. Internationally we still ave neither morn nor less than anarchy, modified by a very limited sense of decency. 1 I have long wished that your mind turned itself to that Problem.

Aod I often wish that we met more. But I trill come to 20, Cockepur Street, when I am out of Ever yours, as ever, THORNTON HUNT. This letter is quoted, as it gives a glimpse of the writer's daily life, and as instance of the large views he entertamped and the great opportunities he possessed of influencing public affairs in the direction of progress. Thornton Hunt's handwriting was as quaint as the old schoolmen. He wrote as the monks would write a missal.

It was his taste to wear a clerical dress, and. as his complexion was dark, be bad the appearance of a Spanish priest, as may be seen in M. Herview's painting of him, which aptly renders his singular expression. His death occurred many years before it need have done. It was not unforeseen.

On several occasions I visited him at Broadway when he was prostrated by the continuity of overwork. When I urged rest and travel, he would ray it was impossible he could not give the time. You forget," I would say, that there is one thing to which you will have to give time." What is that!" be asked. Time to die. I generally observe that has to be attended to, and causes lengthened interruption in fulfilling engagementa." He did not relent or relax.

You could see leading articles in his corrugated expression. So it came to pass that, while he was still in the available maturity of his mind, be was carried to Kensal Green Cemetery and laid in the grave of his father. His friend Mr. Levy Lawson and many distinguished journalists were present, and his oldest political associate, so far as I knew, Sir Eardley Wilinx, came up and talked with Ins of our lost friend. MEN OF MARK 'TWIXT TYNE AND TWEED.

BY RICHARD WELFORD. THE HEADLABIS. ALDIRYAN HIADLAM, OF NEWCAISTLIL Free from gross passion. or of mirth or anger; Constant in spirit, not swerving with the blood. Thomas Emerson Headlam, the Headlam, as be was more familiarly born at Gateshead.

on the 4th of June, 1777, and, like his brother, the archdesoun, received his eArly education at the Royal Free Grammar School of Newcastle. In due time, being de. signed for the profession of medicine. be was withdrawn from Mr. Moises's care, and sent to Edinburgh University.

At that famous abode of genius and culture he made the acquaintance of Jeffreys, Brougham, Cockburn, and other students (fellow members of the far-famed Speculative Society), who in der life filled high positions, and did the Stab. good service. Taking his degree in tne year 1800, he commenced to practise at Durham, but, being ap. pointed one of thP physicians to the Infirmary, upon the resignation in 1804 of Dr. John Clark, founder of the Dispensary, be removed to Newcastle.

Settling down to a steady and progressive practice, Dr. fitadlam took np his freedom of the Shipwrights' Company, and interested himself in local politics and public affairs. At the glection of 1820, when the friends of the Salt family brought forward a win of the future Lord Stowell to oppose tbe retiring members, he went on the hustings, and proposed tbe re-election of Sir Matthew White Ridley. Upon that occasion he announced his political principles to be those of a moderate reformer. Amidst "loud cheers of applause" he pressed a hope that, in the approaching Parliament.

the movement for Constitutional movement which believed was "called for by the general voice of the country be supported "upon principles consistent with the peace. tranquillity, and safety of the nation." From that time he devoted himself to the promotion of the interests of the Whig party. Throughout the great struggle for Reform he was a staunch supporter of Earl Grey, and although displaying neither the enthusiasm of Fife, nor the sarcas.n of Attwood, and lacking both the fire of Larkin and the eloquence of Philipson, he was able by his tact, culture, and social position to render effectual sePvice to the agitation. The position that he had taken up in politics kept Dr. Headlam outside the close preeterveri of the old Corporation of Newcastle.

But, as bOOO as the Municipal Reform Act bad opened the doors of the Council to the ratepayers at large, be was nominated a councillor for North St. I Andrew's Ward, and returned at the top of the pull. At the first meeting of the newly constituted body he gained the highest plait but one amongst the elected aldermen, and, taking his oat in the Council Chamber, began to exercise, an influenoe, potent in character and prompt in action, upon municipal affairs, Working generally with Fife, Losh, Doubleday, and the Reformers is the Council, he assisted to maintain the supremacy of his party in the higher departments of corporate office. The writer of the "Corporation Annual" (1836), dedicated to him aa E. Leader of the Clique," make.

it appear that the maintenance of his party in power was SATURDAY, JULY 12, 1890. entered a bonas as a peek and held any opinion or rule of action which he thought it material that his east should know, be informed him thereof. Though tolerant of others where he dissented from them, he would nit I live under tolerance himself. Socialist, Communisi, Chartist, Atheist, insurgent, regicide, were all interesting to hOn. He desired to know their motives.

He was by nature a journalist, and nothing in human life or character was above or beneath him indeed, he regarded it am a necessary part of his public knowledge. Thornton Hunt's full name was Thornton Leigh Hunt, but he never used Leigh as part of his name, because it was so well known as his father's Christian name. With honourable delicacy lie did not wish to associate any views of his with his father's name nor did be wish to accept any consideration, or to bespeak any leniency of judgment, for himself as the son of a dietingoished poet. Like his his generosity continually exceeded his means. I ofteu dined with his family at the Broadway, Haintnenonith, where another and considerable family, left orphans by relatives, were at table, and were maintained in his house.

At that time I knew that he dictated so many leading articles in a week that his earnings might have made him rich. All the time he lived most frugally, and all he gained was consumed in generous Like his father, he was incapable of making provision for himself. It did not seem to occur to him. His main thought was for the misfortunes of others. No one I ever knew better illustrated Lindsay Gordon's Though this world be but a bubble, Two things stand like stone Kindness in anther's trouble, Courage in our own.

Thornton Hunt had two for political freedom and social a third, stronger than either, in favour of liberty of opinion and the right to translate it into action. He had a contempt for philosophic opinion which led to no result. He was a subscriber to the oddest by-way Chartist funds, and found time to attend executive meetings. He was with me as ems of the executive who gave the last public dinner to Feargus O'Connor at Highbury Barns on the night when O'Connor tirst displayed a failure of intellect. When Thornton Hume was consulting editor of the Daily used to drive with him some to Lord Palmerston's at Cambridge House, Piccadilly, where Mr.

Hunt frequently went to learn the views which the Government wished taken in the journal be represented, to which he would give expression, maintaining his independency of judgment at the same time. He told me that "Lord Palmerston knew nothing of human life below his carriage the world of the people on the pavement hr bad nu familiarity. He had only a carriage knowledge of mankind." Mr. Cobden had refused an offer made by Lord Palmerston of a seat in the Cabinet. Lard Palmerston was then deeirons that Mr.

Bright should take office, as Mr. Cobden's refusal bad been said to be owing to Mr. Bright not baring been asked. Lord Palmerston told Mr. Hunt to inform we that, if he knew that Mr.

Bright would be willing to take seat. be would make a proposal to him. The understanding was that I should endeavour to ascertain what Mr. Bright's views were. Accordingly, I asked a political friend, in the habit of speaking to Mr.

Bright on public affairs, to tell him that, if be were disposed under any circumstances to accept office under Lord Palmer- rton, he could have it, Mr. Bright, the public knows, weer was disposed. The reasons which influenced me in being a medium of this communication I did not conceaL It did not seem to be to the public advantage that distinguished friends of the people should refuse office. It was the opinion of Mr. Cobden and Mr.

Bright that they could do most good in opposition. Still, it seemed objectionable to Warne the Government for not doing more, and yet refuse to enter the Government and attempt to du more themselves. Of course, if they bad good knowledge that they would be outvoted in the Cabinet, and they' nevertheless become 'personally responsible for its inaction, or wrong action, they would be justified in remaining in opposition. But it appeared to me the experiment ought to be tried, and, if it failed, their return to opposition would have greater weight with the country. Looking at the question from the people's point of view, it was useless to complain, as was often done, that our friends were excluded from the Government if, when they had the opportunity, they would not juin it.

The presence of the enemies of evil would oft prevent evil being done. Thornton Hoot was traineil by Rintoul, the founder of the Spectator, the most perfect weekly newspaper we ever had in England. In it all the news of the dailies was re-written and the essential Parliamentary papers were carefully summarised. Every essential topic of the day was made clear to the reader, so that he who took the Spectator (which was then and such a paper would be worth a shilling Dow) was well-informed on all questions of news, politica, and literature. Mr.

Hunt told me that on Friday Mr. Rintoul would give him a Parliamentary paper for which there was space for two columns. It would transpire that that space way not mailable, and the mow wo ld oes go be re-written to reduce it to a column and a half. At a late hour it would be found that there was room for only one column, when the precis had to be reduced by ellision, but by re-writing. It was Mr.

Rintoal's religion to produce a perfect newspaper, and in that sense he was the most religious man of his profession. If there are newspapers in the other world, no doubt Mr. Rintoul is the flrst journalist there. All the ripe fruit of Mr. Hunt's training under Mr.

Rintoul was seen in his programme of the Leader newspaper elsewhere quoted. Mr. Hunt told me how he had once applied for a place on the staff of a journal then of rising influence. He needed no introduction to the proprietor. His name was a letter of recommendation, When be had explained in what way be believed he could contribute to the development of the taper, the proprietor in a few words showed at once his knowledge of Mr.

Hunt's character and knowledge of his own enterprise. "Mr. Hunt," said he, "what we want is not strong thinking, but strong writing." The policy, the fortunes, and success of the paper were all included in those few Yet in judgment and action Mr. Hunt was sometimes en ti re ly my opinion in two instances. One was when Mr.

Delane had, in The charged Mr. Cobden and Mr. Bright with "seeking to reduce the franchise as step to spoliation," wish a view to "seize on the estates. of the proprietors of land and divide them gratuitously among the poor." This, if true, would expose them to execration and destroy them as public leaders. Mr.

Cobden resented the imputation in a letter of just indig. nation. The Times refused insertion to his defence of himself and Mr. Bright. It was sent to all the daily The IMily News and Star alone in.

serksl it. The hall, Telegraph declined to insert it, but published a leading article upon it, so much to the taste of The Times that Mr. Lallane quoted it. Mr. Hunt wrote several letters to Mr.

Cobden to the effect that they were consulting Mr. Cubden's interest by deny. ing hint the opportunity of being beard in his owip defence, so far as their journal was concerned, at an I same time professing personal respect for Mr. Cobdenwhich was real. Mr.

Cobden resented this, and said 'it was within their province to refuse his letter, but they should have remained neutral in a controversy where the plaintiff was not to be heard. These letters of Mr. Hulot were quite unlike his better and habitual self. ft was otherwise an error to encounter a MAO of Cobden's vigorous sagacity with an unsubstantial Plea' To write about friend as though he was perfect is not to command regard for him. The perfect Min is out about, and the reader, Dot having met with him, will be unprepared to believe in him if adduced here.

The instance in which I thought my friend wrong wan earlier then the one just given. It was at the time when the Crimean War was first in the air. The policy of the Leader in respect to it was discussed. Mr. Hunt doctrine has that natiouis, like individuals, were some.

times the better fur which seemed very to me. I had read in BLalthus and other doctrinaires of population, that society was kept down by famine, pestilence, and war, but I never before beard Way deliberately advocated fur that end, or that public plethora required to be relieved by bleeding. In war, she persona who are bled are the people, while the plethora is among their masters, who are never bled. The doe' tripe was contrary to Mr. Hoat's habitual SIXTY YEARS OF AN AGITATOR'S LIFE.

BY GEORGE JACOB HOLYOAKE. FIRST PLAN OF THE WOMAN'S RIGHTS AGITATION. 1847-69. In 1540 there were no signs of an agitation for the civil rights of women. Only a small number of women knew how few the ngbta of their sex were, or had any desire to increase them.

The majority did not know, in any in- telligent way, whether they had any civil rights at all. Women had no journal of their own. Ladies newspapers there were, but they were edited by gentlemen. The public tongue of women was in the mouth of men. Among social reformers, Mrs.

Chappell Smith, Mrs. Emma Martin, and one or two otheni were public advocates of the social views of Robert Owen. Only in that quarter of society were women speakers seen upon the platform they were counted wilful and presuming, and it was thought that they would be better employed at borne. At a later period a lady known as Mrs. Clara Lucas Balfour appeared as a lecturer before religious and binary societies.

She was a lady of goodly presence, whose husband was the littlest man ever seen about the House of Commons. He bad an appointment in the Private Bills Office. He had fought on the Bellerophon, and it was put down to his sailor's that he allowed his wife to speak in public. Seeing how much faster political and social amendment would proceed were the quick discernment and decision of women engaged in public affairs, I often spoke of it in lectures. The fine scorn of women for delay in doing what can be done and ought to be done, was much wanted in politics, where men who declare an evil to be intolerable will desist from abating it on the appearance of the first fool who tells them "the time isnot come" to act against It Women, being one.half of society, suffered greatly by the intolerance and ignorance of men in matters which did not concern men.

Still the women who well knew this, and wrote eloquently against it, bad no idea of combining against it. In 1847, I wrote in the Free Press, printed in the Isle of Man for mrtalation in England, the following Women have no esprit de corps. The language of Lord Grey, when he said, "I shall stand by my order," is, scarcely understood by them. We have a race of women, but no order of women. Reputable and intelligent women were deputed in America to attend a conference of the Peace Societe in London.

They crossed the Atlantic on this public mission, and when they arrived in London they were refused the privilege of sitting in the conference because they were women. Yet this insult was never courts of the metropolis are satiated with eomplaints of half-murdered women against brutal husbands who escape with comparatiie impunity. But where are the women out of court who remonstrate Why have they not formed a society fee their own protection Women desire a share in the suffrage. They are Wed. and, therefore.

tbey claim a right to vote. But where are womenk political and riff-sustained 7 If they want political rights why do they not themselves ask for them! If it is unwomanly to ask for them, it will be unwomanly to exercise them when short, unwomanly to have them. Women, like peers, should "stand 1 7 their order -should hare societies of their own. The impunity with which women are despoiled of property, liberty, and even of their children, at the-atonee of their husbands, as some meloneholy instances in our law courts have lately shown, is an imputation more powerful than any conceivable Amuwent upon the womanly spirit of this nation. Let them take their own affairs into their own bands, as Sir Robert Peel once advised the men of Own country to do.

Let them draw up a list of their legal disabilities, and take the usual constitutional modes of obtaining redress. Let them have societies and public meetings of their own. Let all the offices be filled be the audiences be of women entirely. Let the womanly mind come into action as a separate element of a "Fifth Estate." It is noun to Salk shoat it must he proved question is not one of theory, but of practise. If Women have capacity for public affairs, let it be demonstrated.

Familiar as women now are with literature, we have not one periodical, magazine, or newspaper conducted by women. In America the Lepel ieferino produced by Lowell factory girls, but in England we have nothing of the kind. The Lady's Iferspaper is not conducted by wawa. We might to have a WOWIR'S by women, contnbuted to by wemen, and in every sense as exponent of womanly thought and an advocate of women's rights. Biota and suggestions might be accepted frees men, but no interference, no dictation, no direction.

For well or ill, skilfully or unskilfully, the act should be their own in every seems. I suggested this to several intelligent womes without Indnoing on. to follow it out. Thole who taw the importance woes sot prepared to act upon it. and thorns who were able wanted the spirit of enterprise.

Propose it to Margaret Fuller." said one, when that lady was is this gauntry. But it was not good taste to press upon sa American lady a task that ought to be undertaken by an English one. I further urged that "an enterprising woman of strong will, who would undertake such task, who would train bee unpractised sisters in the art of self-emancipation, would be mare of a practical bensbean than the authoress of twenty volumes in favour of their rights. When women begin to conduct their own of generate an emit de mein among themselves, to dismiss their own questions in will be Idenderines committed, weaknesses displayed, exagprers- Vises perpetrated but let them remember that men blundered, need, and exaggerated times without number! before they arrived at their present facility. Failure must be ventured or efficiency will never be won.

Were maim to attempt to legislate for men, and exclude them from their Arliament while doing it, and suffer no information of the rights or claims of men to come before them save through their an outcry there would be from men against what they would call 'oneaided, ignorant, blundering, unjust, and even insolent irgigation the two articles from which the preceding passages were taken other arguments may be read, now familiar. which were then new or unfamiliar. Previously to writing in the Frrc Press what has been eited, I spoke with Madame Belton (then Bessie Rayner Parkes), with Madame Bodichon (then Barbera Leigh Smith), with Madame Venturi (then Mrs. with Miss Sophia Hobson Collet, and other ladies interested in the public action of women. Harriet Martineau was also one whom I consulted upon the subject.

None thought my suggestions practicable. There was no doubt in my mind that they would be realized. The arguments of Mary Wollso-mecraft and Madame de Steel, the splendid political capacity Harriet Martineau displayed, must issue in action. In lectures and in the Reasoner my subject was frequently the "Civil Bights of Women." A handsome sarcophagus inkstand was given me by a committee of ladies in Gla.gow in knowledgment of these efforts. When a publisher in Fleet Street, I obtained, in 1857, through Stuart Mill, the consent of Mrs.

Mill to in a the sr) form her famous articles "Are Women Fit for Politics? Are Politics Fit for Woineto" and circulated 4,000. Until now no other edition has appeared. It eas not until ten years after the articles quoted from Free Press were written, not until 1857, that women set ups journal of their own. The very name I Westan's adopted. Women began to edit their own wets.

They have organised associations of their own now. They hold meetings of their own see, Preside over them themselves, speak horn the platform, and have made themselves an independent power in the State, and have now COLDS to excel men in University eontpte, THE SON OF 1 POET WHO BECAME A NOTABLE JOURNALIST. 1850-70. Thornton Hunt, the eldest son of Leigh Hunt, was, like Gimp Henry Lewee, his friend, lad man. Dark, slender, but compact, he bad piercing Byrn and a singular precision of being kind, and strikingly articulate.

The tones wee. confident, as those of one who had something to ray. He those to whom he spoke the impressioo of being competent eme, to whom it was worth while Johan'. When a boy, be was with big father kis imprisonment, and was so engaging Charles Lamb who be wee a visitor to the prima that be wrote some Musing verses to Thornton, as is well known. Thornton Haat bad West Indian prsjisdioss as well as an Indian somPlation.

Hs was by instinct entirely a tam onorisono, derided is opinion. If hi MR 1 riLugasattsuoic ABROAD. the mainspring of Dr. Headlam's municipal career, and the doctor undoubtedly laid himself open to the charge. In a speech "of some length he supported the motion by which the Mayor under the old regime, Mr.

J. Lionel Hood, a Tory, although in only the fourth month of his office when the new Act came into operation, was ejected from his seat and replaced by Mr. Chas, John Biggs, a Whig. He also it was who, the following year, moved and carried the election of Mr. Joseph Lamb.

the second Whig Mayor. And it was he who, for thy third Mayoralty in the new Corporation, allowed himself to be nominated. The British Association was coming to Newcastle a man of culture was needed to represent the town worthily, and Dr. Headlam way chosen unanimously. Mr.

Biege proposed him in terms of eulogy, which the assembled Council not only endorsed, but approved with "loud if talents, education, integrity, and straightforward consistency are still valued, as I trust they ever will be valued among public men, then I may safely say, without disparagement to any one now here, that we cannot find an individual who combines these qualities in a greater degree, who possesses the confidence of his fellow-townsmen, and who is more worthy of any honour that can be oonferrod upon him by those fellow-townsmen than my friend Mr. Alderman Hsadlam. His life of active and useful benevolence. passed entirely among us, his consistent advocacy of everything calculated to promote the welfare of the town, and of all classes of its inhabitants, and, generally, the high respect in which his character is held among men of all parties, fully entitle him to favourable consideration on our part while, at the same time, every set of his public life points him out as one whose conduct affords the purest pledge that he will continue to support those principles of local government, ase on popular reprroiontation, and public responaihdity, which form the haeis of our recently-acquired charter of civic dencc. The part which Dr.

Headlam played in the Chartist disturbances of 1839, in conjunction with his friend and succemor in the Mayoralty, Mr. Fife, are well known, and need not be repeated. In common with the Mayor he suffered loss of popularity with the Radical section of the Liberal party but what he lost in that direction he gained from the supporters of law and order. Among the members of own profession he was so popular, that in June, 1844, when all the passions engendered by conflict had long passed away. they presented Mrs.

Headlam (Isabella, daughter of Sir William Loraine, of Kirkharle), with a portrait of him painted by portrait that, being engraved, had a large sale among the doctor's fellow-townsmen, and is still to be found in the houses of political friends and admirers. Dr. Headlam's success as Mayor during the visit of the British Association, led to his in 1845 when it was known that, the following summer, the Royal Agricultural Society of England would bold its annual show in Newcastle. Upon occasions such as these the Doctor was seen at his best. Stately and dignified in appearance, and withal learned, courteous, and hospitable, he realised to the full the popular conception of chief magistrate.

Strangers were impressed by his courtly manners, while the people of Newcastle, of whatever creed or politico, were proud of Mayor who entertained high notions of the dignity of his office, held his own among savants from afar, and was admitted into the select circles of the county families. The sympathetic feeling which his demeanour as head of the municipality excited among his fellowtownsmen, found expre sion at the close of his second term of office. By public subscription, to which men of all shades of political opinion contributed, full length portrait of the Doctor, clad in his robes as Mayor, was painted, and hung in the Commercial Exchange on the Sandhill. There it remained until, a few years ago, the Corporation added it to the collection of local worthies whose once familiar features look down upon those of their successors in the Council Chamber. From this painting our portrait has been copied.

the introduction of the doctor's nephew and namesake as a candidate for the representation of Newcastle in 1847. his triumphant return, and long retention of the seat, have been described in a previous article. At that time, and for a few years afterwards, Dr. Headlain was the most prominent figure in the public life of Newcastle. President of the Medical School in connection with the University of Durham.

acknowledged head of his pro. (elision, and leader of his party, his political and social influence resembled that which aforetime had been exercised by the Blacketta and the Ridleys. Into the later period of his long career, with its trials and troubles, it is unnecessary to enter. Reverses of fortune, to which no act of his contributed, cast their shadow over the evening of his life. Proud and reserved, he bore them with the dignity which characterised the brighter days of his youth and prime.

Once in hie declining years an opportunity arose by which his quondam political associates might have retrieved his fortunes, and crowned themselves with honour in the process. The mastership of the Mary Magdalene Hospital fell vacant. Dr. Headlam would have filled the post with credit to himself and to them. But, in spite of appeals and protests, they passed over their venerable and learned fellowtownsman, and appointed a stranger! No word of complaint, no sign of resentment, at the shocking ingratitude of his old colleagues came from Qr.

Headlam. He abssnted himself from the Council Chamber while the controversy raged. but as sons as it was over be resumed his round of duty, and took his share in municipal work. In 1862 he accompanied to Cambridge the Newcastle deputation which invited the British Association to revisit the Tyne, and before that second visit had taken place, in his 87th year, he led a deputation to London to invite the Royal Agricultural Society to hold another exhibition in Newcastle. He was in his place at the meeting of the Town Council on the 3rd of February, 1864, and moved that loyal and congratulatory addresses should be presented to the Queen, and the Prince of Wales, "upon the auspicious birth of a son who might at some future day ascend the throne of these realms." That was his last public appearance.

A fortnight later, on the 18th of the month, he died, aml oar the 24th his mains were honoured by a public funeral. During the greater part of his life. Alderman Headlam was as the head of his profession in first or leading physician of the town. When the battle of the Medical Colleges broke out, in 1851. he joined the majority, and assisted to found the College of Medicine which ident'fied itself with the University of Durham.

From its inauguration, he was president, and, for one session at least, assisted the teaching staff as a lecturer on the Principles and Practice of Surgery." Wheu the doctors, healing themselves and their discords, re-united their educational forces in 1857, after six years competition. Dr. Headlam, who had received, in 1852, the honorary degree of M.D. from the University of Durham, was elected President of the United College, and so re, mained till his death. Outside of medicine, civic life, and politica, be did not usually venture, but be was for five years president, and for many years a vice-president, of the Newcastle Literary and Philosophical Society.

THE SCOTTISH PAINTER-BARBER. Kay was born in 1742, the son of a mason in Dalkeith, near Edinburgh. His father dying when ho was six years of age he was sent to live with a relative iu Leith, and in a brief fragment of autobiography shish he compiled he has the hardshiplf of his childhood, and his three narrow eseupes from drowning in the harbour of the place. As he gre up he developed genius for drawing au he modestly phrases it; but his natural aptituths in this direction were disregarded, and at au age of thirteen lie Wits bound au apprentice to George licriot, a barber in Dalkcith. lie served Ins master faithfully for cis years served for revers years longer as a journeyman in Edinburgh; married at the ago of twenty, and started in business on his own himself in 1771 as a member of the Society et Surgeon- Barbers, one of whose festive meetings lie engaged in commemorating upon canvas.

For several years he successfully pprsued his among his the principal nobility and gentry in Edinburgh and its neighbourhood. His barber's shop, like Nl.llu's in "liomula," formed a rallying Place and point of meeting for many persons of mark and intellect, and its worthy owner, says the "Magazine of Art," must have had ample leisure for studying the idiosyncrasies of this and that celebrated countenance which he afterwards transferred to the copper, as he lathered their china and pawed his keen blade over their contours PRICE I VI TWOPENCE. women to the great band of influential workers. Slowly, but surely, we are making a place for ourselves is every walk and calling, and the time when we shall be admitted to all the profes-inns does not seem vest' far off. Certainly we are going in that direction as fast as we can.

Oh, for a peep a hundred or even fifty years hence I wonder what we should see. 1 ARGERY LILL UNCLE TOBY'S DICKY BIRD SOCIETY. As the Dicky Bird Soc.ety is nearing the completion the enrolment of its second hundred thousand it may be interesting to reprint the article which appeared in the Daily News at the time when the enrolment of the first hundred thousand was commemorated. An entertainment took place in the Tyne Newcastle, yesterday (July 26th, 1886), which was unique in its nature and object. The members of the Dicky Bird Society came together to celebrate the tenth year of their foundation and the hundred thousandth admission to their roll of membership.

The Dicky Bird Society is composed, primarily, of the boys and girls of Newcastle secondly, of the boys and girls of the civilized world. It is a society for the promotion of kindness to animals, which is much better as an active litiniulus to exertion than the mere prevention of cruelty. It inciudes all animals in its care, and if the feathered songster figures as the object of its apparently exclusive solicitude, it is only on account of his nickname. The society must have some style and title, and dicky bird is the most concrete conception known to the natural history of the nursery. The dicky bird is merely the patron and representative of the fiy, the frog, the mouse, and a dozen other helpless creatures whore torments are too often the sport of thoughtless infancy.

A butterfly about to be broken on the wheel may now invoke the of "Father Chirpie," a highly distinguished, though a somewhat mythical, member of the society, and may seek sanctuary under his wing. The 8.5., to give it the initials which constitute its work-a-day appellation, has already done wonders, both for the culture of youthful feeling and for the circulation of the Newcastle If'rekly Chronicle, which is the organ of the movement. This age of infancy, according to the fabulist, is saes bid it is losing that characteristic on Tyneside. No sparrow prematurely moults a feather, no writhing insect is torn limb from limb to make a Newcastle half-holiday. This wonderful result, present and prospective, is the glory of the Weekly Chronicle, and it grew out of an editorial device of a "children's The corner was at first to supply mere diversion for the young but its inventor, being evidently a man of beset, and consequently of insight, soon saw that fur the young, as fur all ages, a generous purpose is the pleasantest diver.

sion of all. Ile magnified for the purposes of this section of the paper a nom de plume as happily chosen as the title of the society. Whatever may be his name for the common rim of mankind, to his familiars of the corner he is Uncle Toby," in felicitous remembrance of one of the most charming episodes in Sterne. "Go, poor fly," said the old hero, carrying his tormentor to the casement, "get thee gone. NVliy should I hurt thee? This world is surely wide enough to hold both thee and toe.

The general purpose of this vast society is at once of the simplest and of the most comprehensive kind. The members nip a pledge "to be kind to all living things, to protect them to the utmost of their power, to feed the birds in winter time. and never to take or destroy a nest." Ito organization shows a singular knowledge of human of that raw material of it, the infant mind. The society is a kind of infant Legion of The boys are Captains, or rather they may aspire to that rank; the girls may become Companions. C.D.B.S.

means something, as initials go nowadays. Every name is entered in a Big Book," even that of the humblest member. But this, after all, is but a matter of coiniuon pen and ink. The names appear besides in priut, in real print. in the weekly paper, as each member is enrolled.

For more dazzling possibilities in the same direction, it is enough to say that the column contains letters to the editor from infant members of the society. These letters come from many parts of the world, including the United State's and our remotest colouies. One of the duties of captains and companions is to report on the doings of brother and sister membersof course only in regard to the objects of the society. But, even with this 1 we do not know that the information might not preferably be secured in some other way. Tale.learinc.

after all, would be cruelty to animals in another form. We speak with diffidence on the point, so much du we respect the combined wisdom of "Uncle Toby and of "Father Chirpie," his eminent coadjutor. This person is a inere signature in the column, and indeed hardly that. The trade-mark of his contributions is a mere impress of a claw. It is inipoasible to say with certainty that he is a person be may be a bird or but a wandering voice.

But the voice is law to the hundred thousand. His letter-box is choked every week with affectionate messages, many of them cast iu the rudimentary form of crosses, each of which is understood to be an order payable at sight for one kiss. The members, go forth to the protection of bird and insect life in the spirit of the proselyte, and often of the proselyte of Arabia. It is the statutes or the sword. In an instance recorded one "Charley "of the society, finding one Tommy Smith engaged in tormenting a bird, not only released the prisoner, bus punched the tormentor into the most exemplary kindness of heart.

Master Tommy was first thrashed, and then convected; and the two now jointly watch their neighbourhood for infractions of the society's law. Master Charles has simply missed his epoch; in an artier age his spirit, and above all his method, would have sutured the conversion of whole kingdoms at, stroke. The idea is in every way admirable, and "Uncle Toby" is one of the benefactors of his time. Ile has taught children just what they especially need to learn, and he has discovered the right method for the lesson. The best of them are too often cruel to animals, vet by praise and by einulatiou all but the worst may be induced to be kind.

is all nothing in point of few letters of the alphabet, a big book, a line in the paper, yet it has redeemed a hundred thousand boys and girls from the thoughtless barbarity of their age to the reasoned tenderness of maturity. "Uncle .4 ie as a he, in the wi pt xactlylgenerous and kindly three Xsthey have to be acquired. It is the rarest of all things to find them come by the light of nature. Veracity, for iustance, as some one has said, is a habit even more than it is a virtue. A person who knows how to tell the truth is skilled workman in the use of words, and a sort of unconaciousneee in the operation is one of the signs of mastery.

It is much the same with hiimaneneas, which is never to he counted on as a principle till it becomes a kind of reflex action. Children left to themselves will be cruel or tender with equal readiness and equally ter the fun of the thing. Uncle Toby" has known how to put more fun into the impulse to good. The term is of course to be understood in the larger sense as including the activity of every generous sentiment. Who would pull off a fly's wisp for sport when, by simply leaving them on, he could write D.B.S.

after his name? Thu very naitvii of children makes them eminently teachable by a system of honorary awards. in their larger growth they would hardly do for a baronetcy or for a service of plate, is in the earlier stage to be had with ease for a smile or an approving pat on the crown. Every "movement" that is to affect character and morale must begin at this age, and the perception of this truth is fort of the wisdom of our time. The cause of temperance never made such headway till someone thought of traiuing a whole rising genera' thin in positive innocence of drink. Many members of the D.D.S.

have already reached maturity, and they are said to be distinguished by their tenderness to animals all round, 'including those of their own species. They are better husbands and wives, fathers and mothers, than the common run who have begun by want of feeling for the brutes. The late terrible riots in Holland bow that it is as hard to cut some adults off their cruelty as it is to cut (Ahem off their beer. Amsterdam was nearly sacked in the sacred cause of the right of the Dutch boar to amuse his leisure by a peculiarly horrible kind of bobbing for greased eels. The Spanish bull tight is only a disgusting popular habit, and the English prizefight was never much more.

The Father Chirpies and the Uncle Tobys are the true lawgivers in thew reforms of the heart. PRESCRIPTION FOR LONGEVITY. Oliver Wendell Holmes writes in the July Atlantic One of my prescriptions for longevity may startle you somewhat. It is this: Become the subject of a mortal disease. Let half doctors thump you, and knead you, and test you in every possible way, and render their verdict that you have an internal complaint they den's know exactly what it is, but it will certainly kill you by and by.

Then bid farewell to the world, and shut yourself up for an invalid. If you are threescore years old when you begin this mode of life, you may very probably last twenty years, and there you octogenarian. In the meantime, your friends outside have been off, one after another, until you find yourself alone, nursing your mortal complaint as if it were your baby, hugging it and kept alive by to exist is to live. NS ho has not seen cases like this, a man or a woman shutting himself or herself up, visited by a doctor or a succession of doctors (I remember that once, in my earlier experience. I was the twenty-seventh physician who had been consulted), always taking medicine, until everybody was reminded of that impatient speech of a relative of one of there invabd vampires who live on the blood of tired-out attendants, "I do wish she would gel something! Persons who are shut up in thee way, confined to their chambers, sometimes to their beds, have a very small amount of vital expenditure and IMF out very little of their living substance.

The y' are like lamps with half their wicks picked down, and will eontimie to burn wises other lamps base used up oil. An immune also sighs mite wow tr Mike risks amp. to lives et 111.11111111 swarrhor Res mod I GOSSIPS ABOUT GIRLS. INDEPENDENT GIRLS. If it is possible for people to turn in their graves because of the doings of their one bears of such uncanny quite often enough to be convinced of their our poor mothers and great-aunts and distant cousins must writhe and wriggle at the state of independence we womenfolk are drifting into! I sin quite sure we are all very sorry to cause the dear old souls any inconvenience, bat I'm afraid there's no help for it.

"Times are changed," and we must go with them. To be able to give tolerably correct answers to many of Brewer's and Magnall's Questions, and say "prunes and prisms" properly; to be gifted enough to play "The Blue Bells of Scotland" on the spinet, work impracticable roses in impossible colours, and sit on a chair looking as if you had accidentally swallowed a poker; to be quite certain that it was unmaidenly and immodest to walk out alone, or to be able to help yourself in the battle of life, may have been an allaufficient education for a girl whose chief object in life was making clear jam and working a sampler correctly. But quite a different order of things is necessary fur the requirements of the young woman of the bustling, striving nineteenth Nor need we repine thereat. Ethically considered, whether is it better to have work ontaide home that will give us a knowledge of our kind and our abilities, with an ever-growing power of helping ourselves and others, of to devote all our faculties to the matching of wools and the counting of stitches, and then, more likely than not, find life stretching a dreary blank before us, because, instead of looking appealingly sad, Joseph is squinting furiously at his brethren, and one of his feet turns distinctly inwards? This is a conundrum that no one need give up. One answer to it will be found in the fact that many girls of position, with rich parents behind them, are numbered among the busy bees of the world.

One or two such cases of people I know occur to me. Take that of girl who had position and money of her own, and friends galore. Sbe was seized with the independent or some other fever, and one day electrified all whom it might concern by announcing her intention of becoming hospital nurse. Her friends and relations did all in their power to dissuade her, exhausted their stock of adjectives in hurling "foolish "ungrateful mad," and so on at her head, pleaded and stormed, laughed and wept over herall in vain. A nurse she would be, and a-nursing she would go.

And being gifted with a good deal of deter, inination, of course she went. It would be highly gratifying to me to be able to teU you that she soon became a sort of Florence Nightingale, universally beloved and honoured, and with every prospect of a grand and pompous funeral at the national expense but "truth is asad hatnperer," and I am unable to make any such statements. Within a week she doubted the wisdom of her choice, in a month she regretted it, and at the end of six weeks she would have given anything to flee the regions of sickness and pain, and shake the hospital dust from her shoes and garments fur ever. Yes, she had to sweep and scrub floors, polish door-handles, and do many ether far worse things of the possibility of which she had never before dreamed. In short, as a probationer in a great city hospital, she had to do the work her own servants would have scorned, and was at the beck and call of all sorts and conditions of disagreeable people.

nights and watching awful deathbeds, of course, fell to her share, and the tales I have heard her tell have made me thankful I did not choose nursing as a profession. I asked her once if she intended to keep on with it much longer. Why, of course, I do," she replied. "Having put I my band to the plough, do you think I would turn back again? And if I did, bow could I go back to the old butterfly existence after having tasted what life really is Besides, though it was very distasteful at first, I am getting used to the work now, and begin to love is so sweet to think I am of some real use in the world, and can, in ever so small a degree. relieve sorrow and suffering.

When I have had more experience, I shall find way of turning my money to practical use in giving extra comfort to sufferers." I believe she has found a very nice house surgeon, too, and that brings me to a matter which requires investigation. One of the moot stringent rules of hospital nursing forbids a nurse, under most awful penalties, to hold aoy communication with the doctors beyond a conversation in thin She Will you come and look at the new accident case' He is dying." He (after examination) "Give him some brandy. He'll pull through." He "Hold this (a bandage) tight." She: "So!" The thanks is superfluous and almost beyond rules yet half the lady-nurses marry or are married by the doctors Remember that mast of them (the curses) are strangers and sojourners in the land of their labours, so have no mutual friend's bows. at which they can meet their medicos; then wonder with you are better learned in the matter than they manage to become engaged. Do you deliberately break rules, you nurses with the modest fame and pretty uniforms, and find stolen waters sweet? Or have bandages and poultices a language of their own But this instance of my nurse-friend (only one of several I could quote) is more an example of the freedom from restraint we womenfolk are arriving at than typical of independence as it is usually understood.

An "independent girl is one who is able to earn enough money to keep herself. and even as the girls themselves and their ways of arriving at this happy state of affairs vary, so do the motives that lie at the root of the matter. I heard a girl airing a "motive well worth repeating the other day. She is a type-writer, her companion a daily governess. Why, added up, your hours are as long as mine:" said the latter.

Really, Fanny, I can't think why you do it." "Why do you teach!" asked Fanny, smiling. "For a very different reason," was the reply. Bread and butter and decent of them. But your people are well off, and there is no need for you to do anything." "I suopose we are tolerably well off," said Fanny, "and, strictly speaking. there is no need for me to earn money.

But, you see, I am a strongminded young female, and bold theories of my own. And these theories will not permit of my giving Satan work on my behalf." May I ask what they are "Certainly. First I hold that as every man has, so every woman ought to have, an object and definite employ. went in life. Second, if a parent has given his daughter a good education, and every comfort till she is twenty-one, it is her duty to support herself after she arrives at that age.

Thirdly, that, having given his children good education, and Sued them for a place in life, a father ought to begin, as soon as possible, to save all the money hewn, so as to be comfortably circumstanced when his working days are done and old age creeps on. That is why I am a type-writer, and although I am convinced that as such I am thrown ought to have been a am very much happier than if I lived at home trying to do nothing gracefully." It's rather a pity there are not more of these strongminded young women with theories of their own. And the father's idea of educating his children so as to fit them to play a definite part in life is one that ought to be more generally carried out. If it were, we should have fewer of those pitiable eases we so uften meet with. A girl whose education has been of the sketchiest description, whose talents are very difficult to find, whose influential friends are not to be found, and who had never been taught self-reliance, is suddenly thrown on her own resources with a capital of ten shillings and some shabby clothes.

What is she to du! What can she do! In four cases out of five she becomes a nursery-governess and playa the part of nurse, sewing-maid, and instructress to unmanageable little imps at a salary varying from £8 to £l6 per annum. And, like the policeman of the ballad, her life is not a happy one. Yet how different it would have been for the poor child if she had been educated to take bet place among the throng of workers However people may diugree about woman's "proper place," her "sphere," her rights," and the education she ought to receive, the fad remains that the spirit et independence is growing, and overt you adds paw more i i i I A i i i 4. 1 -6 1 tr4te a a a FM.