The Charleston Daily News from Charleston, South Carolina • Page 1

TTUff 1259. CHARLESTON, TUESDAY MORNING, JANUARY 4, 1870. SIX DOLLARS A YEAR. WASHINGTON. TUE ASSOCIATED WASHINGTON, March 4.

It is understood that Betchel Gormley and the two Herwigs will be removed from the Kew Orleans Customhouse. It will require stronger papers than those at hand to cause the depart? ment to remove Casey. has withdrawn his objections to the "Omnibus" Disability bill, which will now nndonbtedly pass, and go to thc President who will sign it. Revenue to day over half a million. Charles Blunt, of the engineer corps, has been sentenced to suspension from rank and pay for three months, and reprimanded in general orders.

James A. Mason, of Arkansas, a colored man, has been nominated as consul-general to Liberia. The bill reported by Senator Robertson, from the Committee on Disabilities, does not relieve persons affected by the Fourteenth amendment. CONGRESSIONAL. Nothing from the committees.

House ls considering pensions. Georgia comes up after the morning hour. The Senate refused to consider thc bill extend? ing the civil rights to the Chinese. The bill changing Judiciary Circuits is resumed. Thc Disability hill still hangs under Sumner's motion to reconsider.

the House, after thc transaction or some unimportant business, the Georgia bill was taken np and will be voted on to-morrow. Butler, lu arguing thc that Georgia now. for the first time, presented herself in proper guise for admission. He added that If thc judg? ment of the House went with his own, he pro? posed to exhibit to Tennessee the power of Con? gress against wrong, rapine and murder. Farnsworth, In opposing the bill, said he under? stood its object very well.

It was got up on the theory that the admission of the Georgia mem? bers to the 40th Congress went for nothing else than, like Rip Van Winkle's, to dream, and that they were to come back and be sworn in for the 41st Congress. It was to prolong the tenure or office of certain gentlemen in Georgia, and they might as well be entitled to that as to anything else. The Senate Committee on disabilities reported a bill abolishing the iron-clad oath. The resolution of the Mississippi Legislature, for the removal of the disabilities of the citizens cf that State, was presented. A bili to refer all claims for qnartermaster and commissary stores, furnished te or taken by the United States from loyal persons in the South daring the war, was considered.

Amendments were offered to limit the bill, and to refer all claims over $500 to the courts of claims, with pow? er to diminish, but not to increase the amounts. No action was taken, and the House adjourned to Monday. EUROPE. Infallibility Question. Rous, March 4.

The Pope is confident of carrying infallibility. SPARKS FROM THE WIRES. Auditor Wickliffe, of Louisiana, has been im? peached by a unanimous vote. THE FIRE AT ORIGIN OF TH DISASTER. A Fall Account of the Rise and Progress of thc Fire-The Name? of tine Sufferers and their Loss.

OCR OWN MARION, S. March 3. Our village now presents a harrowing scene. Desolate countenances 6talk through our streets, bearing the impress ot loss and suffer? ing. Labor ls irksome and men are seen to assemble In knots to ask each other how and why was It? And the general opinion is that the fire which has caused the destruction of so much property and the loss of a life was the work of an incendiary.

For what purpose and by whom are yet problems to be solved, but that no accident caused the fire is sure. There many conjectures as to the guilty parties and their motives, which we refrain from men? tioning, as evidence to support them is want? ing, and the whole matter will be fully inves? tigated. On Monday night last Dr. A. Crane, ol New Orleans, lectured on the subject of phrenology, and almost the entire population of the village gathered to the courthouse to hear him.

A few minutes before eleven o'clock the lecture ended and tho audience went to their homes. At about twenty minutes past eleven, Mr. Clarke, (who had not gotten to sleep,) became aware that something was burning, and rising to ascertain the cause, became, (on opening the door leading from the second story where he resided, down to his store on the first floor,) aware of thc awful fact that the building had been fired, and himself and family were already in great danger. Calling to his brother, he seized his wife and child, and ran out into the open air. The other half of the building, arranged in a similar manner to the portion occupied by Mr.

Clarke, was inhabited by Mr. G. Richard, who also kept a store on the first floor. Mr. Richard and his wife became aware of their danger about thc same time Mr.

Clarke did, and succeeded with difficulty In getting out of the burning house. Now the alarm was given and men gathered from all quarters. Mr. Iseman, an old merchant of our town, hearing that Mrs. Richard was still in the house, ran through thc smoke, followed by a colored man, to rescue her.

Half stifled reached thc second floor only to find they were in danger and uselessly so. They came to the front and the colored man sprang from the window into the streot and was saved, but Mr. Iseman, fearing to take thc risk, tried to retrace his way. He reached the back of thc house, when an explosion of powder shook the building. This probably caused his death, as he was heard to edi no more.

Thc flames spread rapidly to the store occupied by Captain W. H. Crawford, and Henry Steel, then to tho law office of Colonel R. F. Graham, next to the building owned by Major S.

E. McMillan, then to the tenement house of the estate of the late Asa Godbold, and lastly to the drug store of Mr. W. C. McMillan.

The office of Dr. D. S. Price waa ig? nited by sparks from Major McMilllan's house. The kitchens and houses in rear of the buildings above named were betrat about thc same time.

The boase ol Mr. Manuel Iseman, next to the store of Mr. Clarke, was saved by strenuous efforts and tearing down his kitchen. Mr. W.

C. McMiUan's dwelling house (next to his drug store) was also saved, and at one time the Une store ot Messrs. S. A. Durham Co.

was in the grt danger. All the buildics des? troyed were on the public square, and among the most valuable in our town. The loss can only be estimated. Messrs. Knox Gill, of Baltimore, owned the house occupied by Messrs.

Clarice Richard, and were insured Their loss is probably about $1'200. Tue next building, occupied by Captain Craw? ford and Mr. Steele, was owned by Mr. Baum, i and was a total loss, his policy having been cancelled only a few weeks since. His loss is about $3000.

Colonel Graham was insured for $700, and his ofllce and outbuildings, worth about $1500. Major McMillan's house, with printing material of the "Crescent," is valued at $4500, with an insurance of $2500. Mr. W. C.

McMillan's building and stock are valued at $12,000, with an insurance of $7000. A portion of his stock was saved. The office of Dr. Price and the tenement building next Mr. McMil? lan's drug store were old and probably not worth more than $800.

They belonged to the estate of Asa Godbold. Captain Crawford had an insurance of $500, and loss about $800. Mr. Steele was insured, and probably lost $600 or $700. Messrs.

Clarke Richard had each insured for $3500. Their loss Is not known. Mr. M. Tseman lost his kitchen, in sured for $100, and much oi his furniture was damaged, making bis probable loss about $400.

Messrs. Durham Co. were also damaged to thc probable amount of $400. Colonel Graham lost a large amount of money, and Iiis library was much damaged, as was that of Messrs. Evans who occupied a room in Major McMillan's.

Mr. M. M. Ferguson, jeweller and photographer, occupied rooms over the drug store and lost heavily. Various other parties suffered to a smaller extent, and the total loss will not be much less than $22,000 over the amount insured.

Wc have suffered much, but can bear the loss of property better than the awful calamity which took from us Mr. Isernan. Tis harrowing to know that he suffered before our very faces almost, and we could give no assistance. An engine would Lave done us good service, but not only did we have none but even thc wells failed us In the terrible ordeal. Cannot our brethren of Charleston assist us In sup? plying ourselves with this necessity so forcibly and sadly demonstrated.

PK KDE E. THE GOLD CONSPIRACY-A WHITE WASHING REPORT. Taxing thc oat of Ex? istence--P unis li lng Conspiracies Against the Business of the Country An Unsatisfactory Report. The Committee on Banking and Currency have, it seems, found out all ibout the Sep? tember cri Ms in the gold market, except that they arc quite sure whether General But? terfield was in the conspiracy or not. He was, at any rate, engaged in dealing in gold and bonds on his own account during his tenure of the sub-treasury.

The President and his im? mediate family were entirely innocent, Mr. Corbin quite the reverse; in fact, he seems to figure as first villain in the drama. It may bo noted that thc minority (Messrs. Cox and Jones) complain that thc investigation as to the conduct of the President and others in Washington was not thorough. The conclu? sions of the committee were as follows: First, tlic prominent bankers and merchants who testified before the committee were near? ly unanimous opinion that there was no sufficient reason for Hie existence of the Gold Exchange and thc Gold Exchange Bunk, and that they were the source ot measureless evils and ought to be destroyed.

Second, the gold conspiracy a heavy blow at our credit abroad, by the "faith of foreign capi? talists in the stability of our trade, and the honesty of our people. Hundreds or firms en? gaged Inlegitimate business were wholly ruin? ed or severely crippled. Importers of foreigu goods were for many days AT TUE MERCY OF THE GAMBLERS, and suffered heavy losses. In fact, the entire country was inj HIV 1. The foundations ot busi? ness and morality were shaken, and thc nume? rous defalcations that soon followed are clear? ly traceable to the mad spirit engendered by speculation.

Third, thc committee lind thal the wicked and cunningly devised attempts of the conspirators to compromise the President ot the United States, or lils family, utterly fail? ed. Corbin, using the opportunities which his family relationship to the President afforded, and under that worst form of hypocrisy, which puts on the guise of religion and patriotism, used all his arts to learn something from private conversations I of the President which could be made pro? fitable to him and his conspirators. But with these and all the efforts of his associates, the testimony lias not. elicited a word or an act of the President inconsistent willi that patriotism and integrity which befit the Chief Executive of the nation. Thc message sent to Corbin when his deputy was first suspected, und the order which laid the strong hand of the gov? ernment upon the conspirators and broke their power, are the most significant declara? tions that the President held und treated them as enemies of the credit and business of the country.

The report relieves THE PRESIDENT AND Ci ENE KAI. PORTER from any suspicion of gold gambling. All Hie public Rinds entrusted lo General Butterfield were faithfully accounted for. ll is not con? clusively proved that he was interested willi the conspirators in raising the price of gold; though ou this point the testimony is conllict ing. Mr.

Gould swears positively that he bought two lots of gold for Mr. Butterfield, amounting- in all to million and a half of dol? lars. Mr. Butterfield also under oath denies this statement. Both FISK AND GOULD swear that they received messages from But? terfield, and answers to messages which they sent during the days oj the panic In reference to news from Washington, and this statement receives some support from the testimouy of Brown, a messenger of the sub-treasury, it is proved by the testimony that during thc days ol' the panic two firms of brokers sold gold ORDER, and for his profit, and that during his whole term of office he was dealing largely in United States bonds on Iiis own account.

When asked by the committee whether he knew ot any officer of the United States who was directly or indirectly interested in gold, he answered unqualifiedly In the negative; but when after? ward confronted by the testimony of Seligmuu concerning his purchases ol gold, he admitted that it was true. The committee recommends the adoption of thc following resolutions That the Committee on Ways and Means be instructed to report bill levying such a tax on the transactions ot the Gold Exchange and the Gold Exchange Clearing House as in their Judgment the interests of tho country shall require. That the Commitlec on Judiciary be instruct? ed to inquire into the expediency of reporting a bill to define and punish. THE CREDIT OF THE UNITED STATES and the business of the people. That the Ciuntnittce on Banking and Cur- rency bc instructed to inquire whether any fun her legislation is necessary to prevent im? proper UMi ot certified checks by national banks, and that they have leave to report by bill or otherwise.

Messrs. Cox and Jones uuitc in TUE MINORITY ltEFORT. They contend that the inception of the gold plot was involved in the appointment ol' the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury at New York; that it was encouraged by changing the policy of Secretary Mcculloch, that sales of gold, if at all made, should be regulated by iaw; that the committee refused to investigate the conduct of persons, including the Presi? dent, in Washington, and that, therefore, the investigation was partial. The Savannah News reports a shooting af? fair on Sunday, just previous to the departure of Hie steamer Dictator for Charleston, in which Mr. James Gleason, the clerk In the ware? house, received a severe wound in the lcR leg from a pistol shot from the hands of the freight clerk on board the steamer.

IMMIGRATION. THE GREAT QUESTION OF THE DAY. Charleston as a Port of Entry. The following letter from General John A. Wagencr, covering one from Mr.

Hendricks, the general freight and ticket agent of the South Carolina Railroad, shows the progress now making towards directing the stream of European Immigration to our shores. Gene? ral Wagoner is working hard in the good cause, and we trust that his efforts will be seconded in the way that he suggests THE EDITOR OF THE Through thc kind exertions of Mr. L. C. Hendricks, general freight and ticket agent South Carolina Railroad, the very acceptable and important arrangement, which his enclos? ed letter explains, lias been effected, thus rendering Charleston, as a port of entrv, a cheaper connection ol' the great West than any other Atlantic city.

I would respectfully suggest to our mer? chants and people generally to give this lact the utmost publicity, wherever, in Europe or elsewhere, their correspondence may extend. It will have its influence after awhile. Respectfully yours, March 4,1870. JOHN A. WAGENER.

CHARLESTON S. March General John A. Wagener: DEAR SIR-Having heard from connecting roads, I beg to reply to your communication of the 19th February. We can furnish immi? grants with through tickets from this city to Saint Louis, Missouri, for $10 OG each, and children from four to twelve years at half rates, when travelling in numbers of ten or more. One hundred pounds of baggage al? lowed to each full passenger, and 111 ty cents per one hundred pounds for all extra by rail to Memphis.

From Memphis to Saint Louis by steam twenty-five cents per one hundred for extra. Very respectfully yours, L. c. HENDRICKS, G. F.

and T. A. THE FASHIONS. Spring Styles and Novelties in lints. Bonnets, Trimmings, and Promenade Dresses.

What insatiable creatures the ladles are In anything and in everything that pertains to fashiou, or that can properly come under the heading or dress. They have hardly finished buying and trying their winter robes, when, without stopping to Like breath their ex? ertions, they face around and exclaim "Well, what arc wc to have in the way of spring fashions?" We answer their question promptly, so that they may have plenty of time, in (he temporary lull of fashionable dissipation during Lent, to think over the Important matter in all Us bearings, and to be prepared out simultaneously with thc violets, in the livery of spring, upon thc first propitious day. Hats and bonnels must first come In order, (fhn sining hats are to have a high, sloping crown, and the most noticeable feature ls that all thc trimming is perched upon thc top of the hat. falling down In sprays and festoons at the back, leaving the Iront almost bare, but for a scanty trim ming of lace and satin folds about the low brim. This gives the hat some? thing of thc appearance of the old-fashioned gipsy bonnet of some twenty-five years ago.

Au inclination to resuscitate these old styles is still further shown in an odd-looking lit tle bon? net which ls nothing moro nor less than the cottage bonnet of thc school-girl days of our only lt has no curtain to it, lits close toihe face, and is without a vestige of trim? ming Inside, except a plain edge ol' black lace. But how is it to be worn with the present enor? mous pouffs and plaits willi which ladies are so fond of loading their heads now-a-days That ls a question to bc resolved some weeks hence. Aud mankind at large will be curious to see the solution of the problem. This bon? net is called the Puritan; and of thc same genre, is another called the Quaker, in soft gray 6ilk, gros-graln, I believe, the brim titting close to the face, the silk drawn plainly over the frame; and all the clusters ol yellow locust flowers which adorn it are disposed so us to fall over the back of the crown. The sight of this bonnet gives one visions of a pretty-shall we say an Impossible Quaker girl-with apple-blossom cheeks and soft brown eyes, and shining hair of tho same shade Madonna fashion, over a modest forehead.

But Pompadour bodices and Marie Antoinette trains will never "fall Into line" with Quaker bonnets. The reform In dress will have to be somewhat more extensive to make up a harmonious tout ensemble. The flowers that are to be most worn on spring hats and bonnets are clusters of thc elder flower, apple-blossoms, sprays of the sweet white locust blooms, and other early spring flowers. Feathers will hardly be seen, but white ostrich tips are allowed a brief respite. Being white, they are fresh and somewhat spriDg-liko.

Black lace and tulle, both for bonnels und round hats, will bc as stylish as ever There ls a novelty in black tulle, in which the net is tine and close, and thickly beaded over with little jet dots not larger than a small pln-hcad. lt also comes iu colors; but tlieu the dots in colors also, and not in jet. There ls a new material in dress goods called the rever brand of mohair. At the first near glance it looks like silk alpaca, but five steps away you can hardly tell it from gros grain especially If trimmed, as it should oftenest be. willi blues velvet.

It Is soil to tho touch, and falls in graceful folds, which alpaca never does, and therefore is to be preferred. It comes in different grades at 87, $1 and $1 25. Black gros grain silk is to retain its supremacy for elegant street dresses, and the handsomest trimmiug is black velvet cut on thu blas, luid qa trimmings of thc material. For youug persons, very pretly spring dresses will be made of silk in minnie stripes-gray on a white ground. The trimmings, flounces, and rutiles of the same, nearly plain, piped near thc heading, with a minute bias baud of red, blue, or any other contrasting color, of silk.

Thc most marked novelty of the season lu dresses will be the general adop? tion of two costumes In one. Tho lower skirt is made plain, with the exception of the trimming about thc bottom. Over this is fastened a removable train, over which is worn the short basque skirt, In four pieces. Two ol'them come around to lite front, and meet under Ibo girdle-they are faced with revers. They are Joined by the pointed back pieces at the sides, whore the fullness of thc back is caught up with rosettes.

The fullness is also gathered Into a sort of puff in the centre behind. Tho ideals lo have this short over skirt plain iu front and very bouffant behind. Over it is worn a sash all bows and puffs. On going out of doors the trahi ls taken off. and the dress is then perfectly appropriate for the Street, without any alteration or addition.

There is no novelty in trimmings, unless it be silk flounces, of which the fringe ls formed by ravelling the edge. This will be much in usc later. Bias folds of silk-flounces, puf? fings, quillings, and Uoullionies of thc dress material, and black velvet cut on the are to be considered most stylish as trimmings. In sleeves, the Hungarian, put iu with thc cont sleeve aud haugiug loose from Hie shoul? der, is the only novelty for in-door dresses. A new style of sleeve for half costume is a deep but nearly plain flounce put on the coat sleeve, a little below the elbow, giving the appearance of a light sleeve within a flowing oue.

The Sabot sleeve is to be closer than it wa3, aud looks neater so. In ouler garments the Metternich is the great novelty. It is to be made in black silk, trimmed with real lace or in the material ol the dress. It has a revers at the throat, and is adjusted perfectly to the figure, thus com? bining the merits of Jacket and a mantle. Perfect freedom is given to the arras.

It is so very convenient and at the same time so dressy that it is likely to largely supersede all other outer wraps the comiag season. lt is useless to say much about evening dresses al present. But their very names are expressive. The La Valiiere and the Montespan lake us back to the romantic days of Louis the Fourteenth. And to think of the Quakers, and thc Puritans, and the La Vallieres, and Hie Monlespaus being all mixed up together, ls it not little typical of the present slate of society TBE DECLINE IN GOLD.

The Prospect of an Early Resumptlo of Specie Payments-Speculations and Opinions of Financial Writers. the Chicago Tribune Tiie most important element in determining the decline in the price of gold during the past few months has been the heavy exports of cot? ton. This has been greater than even the most sanguine had expected five or six months ago. The crop is now conceded by the most conservative authorites to have been 3,000,000 bales. Of this amount there have been-ex? ported from all the ports, irom the beginning of the "cotton year," on.September 1st, unto February 19th, 1,040,196 bales, against 746,680 bales during the same period of last year.

It ls estimated that not over 800,000 or 900,000 bales will be required out of thc crop for the hom? consumption this would leave, say 2,100,000 bales for export, of which it will be seen that in the six months since September 1st, Just about one-half has been exported, leaving thc other hall to Jig ex? ported during the remaining 6ix September 1st, 1870. The total exports of cot? ton from September 1, 1868x to September 1, I860, were something over 1,650,000 bales, and the figures above show that wc not only have nearly half a million bales more surplus for exportation this year than last, but that "frnly one-half of lt has gone, and that the in? creased volume of cotton exports thus far will be maintained until the new crop of cotton comes in. Thc gold value of the excess ol ex? ports of cotton this year over last will be at least $25,000,000, or equal to three-fourths of thc total specie exports of the last calendar year. It must be apparent from these facts that the chances lor any revival of as heavy exports of specie as usual during thc summer uro not favomblc, and as any permanent advance above the pre? sent price of gold depends almost exclu? sively on tile revival of exports, it will be seen that the probabilities are against it; and those who are baaing commercial operation? upon a higher price of gold, or even at as low an average rate as 17, do not 6tand in a safe posi? tion. Tlie financial situation ls critical, and may develop into more unfavorable features any week.

The New York Importing mer? chants, as well as the regular gold speculators, are known to have been heavily on the bull side of gold ever since it was at 30. Even If lt should not decline much more, but should re? main where lt is for a month, their losses will cause failures, and increase the general dis? trust that pervades business now. the New York As no contraction of the currency bas either preceded or attended the Jail in the premium on gold from 32 per cent, since the close of last February to 16 per cent? to-day, and as. on the contrary, the greenback and national bank circulation ls now as tully employed as last year, and as prudently so, judging by the quarterly returns of the banks just published, it stands to reason that thc general trade and prosperity of the country are neither to be checked nor seriously unsettled by the appre? ciation in this currency and thc further fail in gold. It will be found, we predict, os thc business of the spring progresses, that the merchants and railways and bankers are all as actively engaged as last season, which, as heretofore remarked, was a decided Improve? ment on the previous season, and our advices irom most of the roads West, as well as from thc great trunk linus of tho East, are to the effect ol'a steady increase of traffic, and a de? cided reduction of expenses, while the South? ern roads were never so well employed as at present, even before the war.

the New York Surprising as lt may bc to the most conser? vative of us, the fact is only more and more evident that the day of specie payments ls not far dislant. The most healthy mature in the decline has been the absence oi speculative causes. Had gold dropped under a pressure of sales from the "bears" who sell gold which they have not, but kopo to buy back at a lower pike, resulting Irom their intimidation of holders, little importance be attached to thu rnuvomuiil aud little full li I in the permanency of I he fall. But gold has dropped from natural causes. The props which held it up were undermined by the influences of en? hanced national credit and broke from beneath it.

Nothing but speculative Influences can now put gold back again, and thc only in? fluence likely at this time to change th" cur? rent Is a "bear" effort to further depress the price and thus occasion an unnatural demand for the precious metal. 1 the New York It would seem that the stock market was about to cut loose from the Gold Exchange, and leave and "bears" there to operate alone. It ls quite evident from the abundance ol' money now seeking lor safe investments In the leading markets of Europe, that our bonds are preferred to our gold, aud the fact, as re? cently stated In a leading English paper, "that we were paying our debt, hod given increased confidence to American securities." Thc States should at once put all their bonds and stocks on a gold basis, and pay all their inter? est hereafter Ingold, then all our securities would have "the chnracter of undoubted credit," and we could obLiln loans abroad at the lowest possible rates ol' Interest. Dishon? esty, or even thc appearance of it, is ever ex? pensive. the New York Commercial There is some reason for supposing that this decline ls connected with another great specu? lative movement.

The fall in thc premium naturally facilitates the carrying ol'gold. With gold at 15, a combination with $5,000,000 of money for margins could purchase and carry $11,000,000 of gold, and indications arc not wanting lhat Just such an operation is uow in progress, the gold being bought at from 17 downward, with an ultimate purpose of hold? ing it off the market and producing uu extreme upward reaction. This danger of gold being bought up, on speculation, when the premium lias fallen lo a low point, should be kept in mind by speculative sellers, or they may sud? denly (Ind themselves very seriously "cor? nered." the Now York Shrewd and experienced money-lenders are alarmed, and with good reason, at the condi? tion of the stock market. The future course of prices on the Slock Exchange depends on the late of men who have tailed with such fa? cility in limes past that their periodical failure may be looked for with thc change of the sea? sons. Advices from Washington state that r.

Bontwell intends to press his funding bill be? fore Congress at an early day. If it becomes a law, then, with the large simply of gold on the market, about $100,000,000, he can force he price of gold down to par, and thus wipe out of existence that institution known as the Gold Room. TBE INFALLIBILITY QUESTIION. An Alleged American "Party" In the Pupal Council. A letter from Rome, dated Febuary 12, to the New York Herald, says The event most worthy or mention lately is certainly the formation of a third parly, headed by Dr.

Spalding, Archbishop of Baltimore, whose policy will be to steer a middle course with respect to the disputed dogma ut" the i Pope's personal infallibility between the ultra Homans, who favor it, on the one hand, and i tlie liberal Catholics, represented by the French and German bishops, who follow Monseigneur Duptuiloup aud Cardinal Rauscher, ou the other. Like tlie pro and anfi inlalllbilisls, the middle men have drawn up their patUulatum also. In this document the signitaries express their conviction that the personal infallibility may be safely treuted of in the Council; but they would wish the Assembly to limit its action to a declaration of censure against who? ever shall profess erroneous doctrines hostile to the Pope's primacy-against those who maintain that "while they owe an external veneration for the decrees of the Roman Pon- i tiff they are by no means obliged to yield the internal assent of their hearts and minds' against those who see nothing impossible in the dope's opinion differing from that of the bishon3, thus morallv severing the head of the 1 Church from the body and members-and against those who maintain that the Pope may I occasionally condemn some propositiou from i the mere fact of not having thoroughly under- i stood it. So far the third party seeks to maintain the spiritual prestige of the Pope without going to i the extreme measure of deifying him. It as- i sumes as the head and front ol' Its position I unerring prerogative of the Roman Pon- i tiff, together with the infallibility ol' the Church." But lt does not consider pessioie or advisable the disjunction of these two attri butes any more than it would be possible for human bead and body to function separately from and independently of each other.

This seems to be the only practical compro mise between the two extreme parties, and is evident that many bishops who have not hitherto positively given their adherence thc for or against the dogma, as well as many others who have already enlisted under one banner or the other, will be glad become recruits in the Archbishop of Balti? more's spiritual battalion, which, at the outset, was principally composed of fathers speaking either English or Spanish. TUE LOSSOF THE ONEIDA. ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY PERSONS CO TO THE BOTTOM. Poll Particmlara of the Disaster-A Ter. rlblc Charge of Inhnmanity Against the Captain of the British Steamer Bombay Heroic Speech of Captain Willlama.

A dispatch from San Francisco brings full particulars of the loss of the United States steamer Oneida, which left Yokohama on the ol January, homeward bound. Thc steamer left her anchorage about five in the afternoon, and the accident oe mired at seven the same evening. The United states Minister visited her in the forenoon ind received the usual salute, and thc guns (vere reloaded with the expectation of replying a a salute (rora a Russian gunboat to Mr. De Long. The salute, however, waa not given ind the guns remained loaded.

As thc Oneida out of the harbor the crews of thc va? rious vessels, and the men at work In the port mve cheers and wished her a happy voyage Ju passing out of the harbor her Ares were janked and steam blown fr. While the officers were at dinner about seven the lookout man shouted, "steamer lghts ahead and a midshipman gave the order port helm. Everything seemed quiet on coard the other steamer. This leads to the belief she had not observed the Oneida, although lier lights were burning brightly. The steamer ivhlch proved to bo the Bombay of the Pcnin nilar and Oriental line, came right on and itruck the Oneida on the starboard, abaft the jangway, about half way between the main ind mizzen rigging.

A hole was cut, through which the whole Interior of the ship was Me. The binnacle, wheel, and rudder were arri cd away, and the two men standing at the wheel were instantly killed. The Bombay did not stop after crushing through the Oneida, though the guns of the latter, which happened to be loaded, were al? most instantly fired to attract her attention and bring her back. Orders were given to lower the boats, but only one lifeboat was available, the others having been crushed. The lifeboat was mann? ed by Dr.

Stoddard, thc boatswain, and fifteen of the crew. Five guns were fired, but before the sixth could be discharged, thc Oneida sunk within ten minutes after she was struck. None of those saved saw a man or heard a voice on board the Bombay. They report that when.lt became evident that there was no hope of ship, the officers gathered around Captain Williams, and he was beard to say if the ship went down he would go with her. The lifeboat was obliged to leave the sinking ship to avoid being swamped.

After pulling about for awhile the crew of the life-boat seeing none of the crew floating, not. one of all the leo who went down, un? willingly bent their boat's head to landward, about live mtles distant. On landing the unlives kindly treated them, and they obtained the assistance of a guide and started to walk to Yokohama, they reached at daylight thc next morning. Thc Bombay was Immedi? ately ordered to the scene of the wreck, and succeeded in saving twenty-nine men, who had got into a cutler which floated when the ship went down. Several other vessels, one with Minister De Long on board, proceeded to the scene of the disaster during the day, bul no more lives were saved.

The Japanese Government sent boats and apparatus in search for the wreck, and if ne? cessary to buoy the spot. The passengers on board the Bombay were quite surprised when they heard the calamity iud befallen the ves lel they had struck, but declare they neither heard any request from the Oneida to stay by them, or minute guns tired. A naval court has been demanded by thc captain of the Bombay. The officers and men of thc Oneida num? bered 17C, only 56 ol' whom, Including Dr. Stoddard and two Junior officers, survive thc disaster.

ANOTHER ACCOUNT. YOKOHAMA, January 31, Via San Francisco, March 1. The most terrible accident and horrible ex? hibition ot inhumanity known in the East oc? curred about twenty miles down this coast at on the evening of January 34. The Unit? ed States steamer Oneida, homeward bound, collided with the British Peninsular and Ori? ental Iron mail steamer Bombay, Captain Ar? thur Wellsby Eyre. Thc Bombay struck thc Oneida on her starboard quarter, carrying away her poop deck, cutting off her whole stern, and running one of her timbers entirely through thc bow of the Bombay at the water lines.

Three times the Oneida hailed thc Bombay with "Ship ahoy," "Stand by," "You've cut us down," blew her whistle, and fired her guns, all of which the olllcers of the Bombay say they did not hear, ihough the guns were dis? tinctly heard at this port, twenty miles away. The Oneida went down, stern first, in about twenty fathoms of water, with twenty officers and filly men. The captain of the Bombay did not stop to rescue (hose on board, nor did he, upon his arrival here, report the accident or Inform thc authorities. The first known of the artair was thc next morning, when Dr. Stod? dard, the surgeon, with fifteen of the crew, ar? rived on foot.

But two cutters were available, and thu officers, almost to a man, refused to take them while a man remained aboard. Discipline wns complete lo the last. Thc Bick were all being put into the boats, the offi? cers remaining at their posts until thc ship went down. The only United States Govern? ment vessel In Japan being the sloreship. Min? ister was obliged to accept from the English, French, and Russian men-of-war steamers, steam launches, cutters, Ac; and in company with Colonel Shepard, Consul at Yeddo, ami Mr.

Farrington, proceeded lo the scene of Hie disaster, where all in human power was and is still being done to rescue thu sufferers and recover lite bodies of the lost. The posh ion of Ute Oneida was ascertained by a spar, which nt low tide rises four or five feet above the water. No bodies have yet been found. Had thc Bombay sent her boats to thu assist? ance ol the Oneida, all or nearly would have been saved. Thc feeling of indignation toward Captain Erye is terrible.

Noneuut his company and a few of his countrymen attempt lo shield him. The following is a correct list of the officers lost Commander, E. H. Williams; Lieutenant Commanders, W. F.

Stewart and A. W. Mul laur; Paymaster, T. L. Tullock, Musters, Walter Sargent and J.

K. Philan: Ensigns, J. W. Cowie aud Charles E. Brown; Midshipmen, IV.

Uhler, G. K. Brown. C. A.

Copp, J. C. Hull, 1. K. Adams; Assistant-Surgeon, Frothinghara; Engineers.

N. B. Lellig, H. Barstow, C. W.

C. tenter, and John Torrance; Carpenter, J. D. Penner; Paymaster's Clerk, W. C.

Thomas, and 15 men. HORRORS OF TUE RAIL. Details of thc Recent Catastrophe on thc Mississippi Central Railroad. A dispatch from Oxford, Mississippi, gives following particulars of the terrible acci lent which occured on the Mississippi Central Railroad, near that place, on the 25th ultimo: The regular mornin train for New Orleans acing behind time on leaving Humboldt, ap? proached Buckner's Trestle, which ls forty feet and over a ravine, at high speed. Thc crossed safely, but the rest of Hie train ran off the track, crushing the trestle, and completely wrecking the baggage, mail, ex? press, and threu passenger cars.

The cause of iccident ls believed to have been thc unsound condition ol'the trestle timbers, which permit? ted tito rail to slip out of place, and thus switch off thu cars, which crushed through the trestle iud plunged luto the ditch. Every car was utterly aemoiisneu. rue (luggage, wau, auu expresa freight broke loose, and was scattered on thc side of the ravine into which the train plunged. The first and second passenger cars were shattered to pieces. The remaining pas? senger car kept its place on the track, while Its iorward end rested on the wreck of the second car in the ravine at an inclination of 50 degrees.

Two women, four children, twelve white, and three colored persons, are known Jo have been killed, and lt is feared some others. Among the killed was Colonel Speers, a planter, residing 14 miles from Jackson, who was returning from Chicago with 30 labo? rers; also Mr. S. C. Morehouse ol Elkhart, Mrs.

Duncan K. Farrell, who had Just arrived from Scotland via New York, and J. McDonald, supervisor of the southern end of the road. The names of the others could not be ascer? tained, but they are believed all to have been from the West and South. Among the injured was Miss Aggy Elliott, of New York, who was fastened an hour In the wreck by the side of five men who were killed; but she was rescued without apparent Injury, except a badly crushed hand.

Col. Sam Tate, president of the road, was nearly suffocated by a pile of passengers being thrown upon him in the wreck; but he is now comfortable. One man's leg was badly broken, another's knee was crushed; many were cut and bruised, three or four are sufferring from severe internal inju? ries. A special train from Louisville was only half an hour behind the wrecked train, with a large party of Northern and Western railroad men, accompanied by ladles, and a few passen? gers including Mr. J.

W. Simonton, general agent of the Associated Press, and his wife, of New York. Thc party are all sate and as? sisted in succoring the victims of the wreck. The wounded were chiefly brought to Oxford, where the citizens proffer every assistance possible. The excursion train from Louisville, with delegates, general freight agents, and others, failed to connect at Humboldt, else the loss of life would undoubtedly have been greater.

TBE XKAZII.IJ.1T IMPOSITIONS AND SUFFERINGS ENDURED BY AMERICANS. Return of Victimized Colonists. The British steamer Hakalca, Captain wil? ton, arrived at New York last week from Rio 'janlero, having on board about one hundred and twenty of the emigrants who, three years ago, left this country for Brazil, with the In? tention of founding colonies at different places in that Empire. These poor people presented a wretched appearance. The majority of them were totally unprovided with winter clothing, and, in consequence, suffered severely from thc cold.

Thc men in the party were dressed in various kinds of uncouth garments, but, on the whole, looked strong and healthy. The women and children, on the other hand, ap? peared haggard and distressed, and their faces bore marks of terrible suffering. Most of these emigrants say that when they left the city for Brazil they were each possessed of aflfew hun? dred dollars. Now, however, they are utterly penniless. At the close of thc war many schemes of colonization abroad were started among the working classes, both In the North? ern and Southern States.

Companies were formed, principally in the Gulf States, whoBe object was to found settlements in Mexico and other places where the government authorities held out any Inducements to immigrants. Brazil was preferred by most of these sosie tics; and certain parties throughout thc coun? try added to the excitement by picturing to those who desired to emigrate the liberality of thc Imperial Government of Brazil, and the facilities uttered them for raising cotton, coffee, In this manner numbers of families were persuaded to abandon comfortable homes here, for the prospect of becoming suddenly rich. They now complain bitterly of thc way In which tiley were deceived, and announce them? selves entirely cured of colonization ideas. Tue greater part of these people were honest mechanics; but numbers of young men ot bad character managed to join them, not only rob? bing, but also bringing suspicion on the rest. COLONIES OF FOREIGNERS IN BRAZIL.

There are at the present time several colo? nies of foreigners in Brazil. One is stationed at Port Cachlnerio, on the Santa Maria River. Victoria, the capital of the province, is about two hundred miles from Rio Janeiro. Another body of emigrants settled at St. Catharine, on the Tiglbey This is called the American colony of Principe Don Pedro, and before the withdrawal of the members now in this city, numbered about seven hundred persons.

An? other colony is situated near Para; and there are some other smaller ones scattered through thc provinces. The colony at Port Cachlnerio 13 called St. Leopold Denla. At present there Is but one American living there, of the origi? nal one hundred and fifty settled there. ACCOUNT BY ONE OF TUE VICTIMS.

The following account of the hardships en? dured by these people, and the various ways iu which they were deceived, ls given by one of the returned colonists "In the summer of 1807 wc were prevailed upon to sign contracts to leave the United States for Brazil. We got our tickets from Quintin Bulkara, thc agent of tlie colony, nnd sailed from New York Cily in the steamer Mer? rimack August 14, 18(37. On the 7th of April, 1808, wc arrived at Rio Janeiro. Circulars were given to us before we started which promised to give each settler 125,000 brazos of land, and to provide suits of blouse for every family; these printed documents also stated that one thousand brazos of land should be cleared, and that seed should be given for the first planting. Thc price of the passage was fifty dollars, gold, to Rio Janeiro, and from the'nee to the colony free This sum was to be paid back in instalments to tho settlers within six years; but no such payments have ever been made, and thc entire amount ls con? sidered forfaited by the colonists who have since left Port Cachinerio.

The colonists were to receive six months' provisions when they arrived at their destination; btit were com? pelled to remain for so long a time at Rio Janeiro waiting for transportation inland, that most of the supplies were consumed before they reached Port Cachinerio. When the set? tlers finally reached the place reserved for them by the government, it was found that in? stead of the specified space of ground cleared, the timber had only been cut, and the colonists were fbreed to remove the obstructions them? selves. No houses were built for them, as promised, and the men had to labor immedi? ately to provide houses fur their families. Each colonist at first cleared about ten acres and planted seed; but during the first year no crops were raised, rank weeds springing up and spoiling the graiu. These were finally burned and the laud replanted-this time gen? erally with coffee.

The colonists were more successful with this crop; but when it was gathered they were compelled to sell it to 'middle and thus obtained little or no profit thereon. The climate at Port Cachine? rio is healthy, and pluxity of good water can be obtained. "The colony was governed by a director ap? pointed by the Brazilian Government, who was supposed to act under orders from the presi? dent of this society. The director of the St. Leopold Denla Colony was a German, Dr.

Ru diow. He proved to be a drunkard and a bad man. The English and American settlers were treated in a disgraceful manner. He under? stood but little of thc English language, and the protests of any but the German colonists passed unheeded. Under his harsh govern? ment the society gradually decreased in num? ber, until there arc at present but very few persons UNPRODUCTIVENESS OF BRAZIL.

The general opinion of the emigrants who have returned from Port Cachinerio is that the land will not produce sufficient crops to pay for the labor; while, it is said, that the ordi? nary fare of tlie settler, consisting of farina, Jerked beef and block beans, caused great sickness in the colony, especially among the Americans. jut? JJCUJJIC nuv wv say that they were greatly deceived and sub? jected to much hard treatment These emi? grants, before leaving New York, were told that on reaching St Catharine they would re? ceive $10 ingold, have land cleared, and houses built for them. None of these promises, how? ever, were fulfilled; and the settleft suffered Jpeat hardships before they cernid get shelter or themselves and families. There were about three hundred Americans at this place. The colony was called the "American Colony of Principe Don Pedro." The director was Emanuel Marrara de Silva, who, as the settlers express it, "treated them like dogs." During the first year, no crops were raised, and many persons suffered from liuneer.

About the end of the second year, a terrible freshet occurred, which swept away houses and crops, and reduced the colonists to extreme destitution. In December, 1868, the river was flooded, and no provisions reached the colony for four weeks. Five persons per? ished in the freshet, and two or three died from starvation. The director refused to give? away the provisions in the storehouse during' this time, and, if the men had not occasionally secured some game, whole families might have perished. The condition of affairs at this place finally reached the American Minister at Rio who at once reported the facts to the Brazilian Government, and made a demand upon the? an th oil tie? to return the settlers to their homes.

After considerable delay, the Bra? zilian officials announced that a passage to the United States, free of charge, could be had by all persona who reached Rio Janeiro from the? colonies. When this news reached the colony at St. Catharine, those who had sufficient means left chartered a launch to convey them to Rio Janeiro. When but a abort distance on their journey a storm carno on, and the launch was com Eletely wrecked. The passengers were saved the natives, but all their clothing and house? hold goods were lost.

They at last reached Rio Janeiro In a destitute condition. Here they were forced to remain some time for the vessel to sail, but most of the men obtained employment here from an American company engaged In fixing up street lamps. These colonists relate many cases of suffer? ing, and their general appearance proves them to be true. They say that when they were about to leave St. Catharine, application waa made to sell the Improvements on the ent farms to the remaining settlers.

This was refused by the director, and they thus receiv? ed no remuneration for the labor performed. It ls charged that these farms and the improve? ments on them were sold by the director, who appropriated the proceeds to himself. Many mechanics were Induced to go to these colonies by the promise of steady work at their trades. This story proved to be an en? tire fabrication, and they now return to this city utterly penniless. These emigrants say that all the English and American settlers are anxious to return, and are only, awaiting means for transportation.

There are large numbers of German colonists in Brazil who are barely supporting themselves by their labor. But as these people were generally very poor previous to reaching the colonies, they seem to be more contented than-the set? tlers of other nations. PERSONAL SENSATION. James Gordon Bennett's Marriage. Mr.

Maverick, in his life of Henry J. Ray? mond, reproduces the following, which ap? peared in the leading column of the Herald, on the 1st day June, 1840, under a flaming caption "TO THE READERS OP TOE HERALD-DECLARA? TION OP LOVE-CAUGHT AT LAST-GOING TO? BE HARRIED-NEW MOVEMENT IN CIVILIZATION. "I am going to be married In a few days, the weather ls so beautiful; times are getting so good; the prospects ot political and moral re? form so auspicious, that I cannot resist the di? vine instinct of honest nature any longer; so I am going to be married to one of tue most splendid women in intellect, in heart In soul, In property, in person, in manner, that I have yet seen in thc course of my interesting pil? grimage through human life. "I cakoaofc-etop In my career. I am to fulfil I hat which the Almighty Father has written against my name, in the broad letters of life, against the wall of Heaven.

I must give thc world a pattern bf happy wed? ded life, with all the charities that spring from a nuptial love. Io a few days I shall be mar? ried according to the most holy rites of the Christian Church to one of the most remarka? ble, accomplished and beautiful young women. of the age. I sought and found a fortune-a very large fortune. She has no Stonington shares of Manhattan stock, but in purity and uprightness she Is worth half a million In pure coln.

Can any swindling bank show as much In good sense and elegance another half mil? lion; In soul, mind and beauty, millions-equal to thc whole specie of ail thc rotten banks In the world. Happily, the patronage of the pub? lic to the Herald is nearly $25,000 per annum, almost equal to a President's salary. But prop? erty In the world's goods was never my object Fame, public good, usefulness in my day and generation; the religious associations of fe? male excellence; the progress of true Indus? try; these have been my dreams by night and. my desires by day. "In the new and holy condition Into which I am about to enter with the same reverential feelings as I would Heaven itself, I anticipate some signal changes In my feelings, in my views, In my purposes, ia my pursuits.

What they may be I know not-time alone can tell. My ardent desires have been through life to reach the highest order of human excellence by thc shortest possible cut Association, night and day, in sickness and in health, in. war and in peace, with a woman of this high? est order of excellence, must produce some curious results in my heart and feelings, and these results the future will develop In the columns of Herald. "Meantime I return my heartfelt thanks for the enthusiastic patronage of the public, both of Europe and America. The holy estate of matrimony will only increase my desire to be stUl more useful.

God Almighty bless you "JAMES GORDON BENNETT." In the postscript of this announcement Ben? nett gives notice that he shall have no time to waste upon the editors who attacked him "un? til after marriage and the honeymoon." On the 8th of June, 1840, the marriage was announced at the head of the editorial columns of the Herald as follows "HARRIED, "On Saturday afternoon, the 6th by the Rev. Dr. Power, at St Peter's Catholic Church, in Barclay street, James Gordon Ben? nett, proprietor and editor of the New York Herald, to Henrietta Agnes Crean. What may be the effect of this event on the grand news? paper contest now waging In New York time alone eau show." JferiiUjers. pERUVIAN GUANO.

20 tons Genuine Chincha Island GUANO. For sale by RAVENEL A CO. mctu pEBUVIAN GUANO. 50 tons No. 1 PERUVIAN GUANO, from Guan apc Island.

Warranted pare. An analysis of same, by Professor Shepard, can be seen at our office. For Bale by R. M. BUTLER A SON.

Vendue Range. 1 PERUVIAN GUANO. 400 tons No. 1 PERUVIAN GUANO, from the nan ape Islands. According to analysis this Guano contains not quite as mach ammonia, but ls otherwise amy as good as the Chincha Island Guano.

Price $90 per ton, 2240 ms. For sale by J. KERR A CO. ATAPSCO GUANO. PROFESSOR G.

A. LIEBIG, CHEMIST AND MAN? UFACTURER. A few tons of client FERTILIZER fer sale by P. C. TR EN HOLM, jjjgS 2 Union Wharf.

ENUINE No. 1 PERUVIAN (CHINCHA ISLANDS.) Delivered at any point on the Wilmington Manchester or Cheraw and Darlington Railroads at $105 per ton, and at Columbia, Sruth Carolina, at $10-1 per ton of 2240 pounds. CHISOLM BROTHERS, mchS ths2 Adger's North.