The Potter Review from Potter, Nebraska • 6

THE POTTER, NEBRASKA, REVIEW Famous, and Forgotten PART 11 By ELMO SCOTT WATSON THEY'RE famous and forgotten! Their names have become common wordsnouns, verbs, adjectives and parts of familiar phrases--words used in everyday speech by thousands of people who would And it very difficult to give you any definite Information about the man for woman whose name and fame they are thus helping to perpetuate. Have you ever shouted: "Let 'er go, Gallagher!" when you were ready to start on a swift ride? If so, you're only repeating the words of Judge Beaver of Morgan county, (Kentucky, during a match trotting race In Tipton county. His fast little mare was being driven by City Marshal Gallagher of Harrodsburg and at the end of the first half mile the two horses were neck and neck. "Let 'er go, Gallagher shouted the Judge when he noticed that the seemed to be holding his entry in. So Gallagher did and the little mare won by almost a dozen lengths.

Ever hear somebody say, "Well, that' was a Garrison finish No, it 2 0 SEQUOYAH hasn't anything to do with the milltary force holding a fort. Instead, it perpetuates the fame of a jockey -Edward Garrisonwho died about five years ago. For it was "Snapper" who gave to the argot of the turf the expression Garrison finish," meaning to come from nowhere with an outsider and win. Eventually the public took over the expression for general use as a picturesque symbol of an unexpected victory after a stirring last-minute "drive" in sports, a political campaign or any kind of contest. Joseph Ignace Guillotin, a gentle Paris physician, appeared before the national assembly of France on December 1, 1789.

"Now with my machine, messieurs, I whisk off your heads in a twinkling of the eye and you never know it!" he said. A droll one, that Doctor Guillotinwould have all die comfortably and with equal honor by means of an ax driven by a machine. The national assembly accepted his design, named it in honor of ut pre fixed it with La and added an e. So La Guillotine became the terrible "heroine" of the French Revolution and before the Reign of Terror had run its course thousands died in her sharp embrace. Have you ever "ran like Sam Hill" to get somewhere? If so, the man who set the pace for you was Col.

Samuel Hill (1678-1752) of Guilford, Conn. He was elected to the general assembly time after time and also served as justice of the New Haven county court, town clerk, "Clerk of the Proprietors of the Common and Undivided Land," clerk of the probate court and judge of probate. In fact, he was so popuJar with the voters and was so continuously elected to office that the 'highest praise which could be be- DR. J. I.

GUILLOTIN stowed upon a political candidate was to say that he "ran like Sam HIll." The application of the word lynching to summary execution of a person accused of a crime, without benefit of a fair trial, does a grave inJustice to a Revolutionary patriot, Col. Charles Lynch, who was born FROM WHOSE NAMES WERE THESE WORDS DERIVED? "let 'er go, Gallagher poinsettia garrison finish pullman car guillotine rickey (gin rickey) "like Sam Hill" Ramos gin fizz lynch sandwich macadam road saxaphone mackintosh Sequoia (tree) maverick sideburns morse code silhouette morris chair Tom and Jerry (drink) negus Van Dyke beard nicotine volt ohm wallop Pasteurized milk watt in Virginia in 1736. Elected to the house of burgesses in 1767, he was made a justice of the peace in 1774 and at the outbreak of the Revolution he used stern methods in suppressing Tory conspiracies. Although he arbitrarily sentenced them to prison or to exile, there 1s no evidence that he ever sentenced any of them to death. So there is a vast difference between the ruthlessness of bloodthirsty mobs who Interpret "lynch law" as the right to hang a man without trial or burn a man: at the stake and the stern justice of Charles Lynch who was a regularly elected magistrate.

And speaking of Tories, we are indebted to one of them for some of our comfort in motoring. He was a Scotchman, John Loudon Macadam (1756-1836) who came to America in 1770 but because of his Loyalist sympathies during the Revolution wag forced to go back to Scotland. From 1810 to 1815 he ducted experiments in road surfacing which resulted in the type that now bears his name -macadam. We can thank another Scot, too, for being able to keep dry in wet weather- Charles Macintosh (1766- 1843), whose experiments produced waterproof. cloth and gave us the mackintosh.

Consult Mr. Webster's big book and you'll find "maverick" defined as "an unbranded animal, esp. "a motherless calf, formerly customarily claimed by the first one brandIng it" and "mavericking" is a recognized legal term for illegal appropriation of unbranded cattle. Why? Well, Samuel A. Maverick, a gradvate of Yale college in the class of 1825, was one of the founders of Texas independence and a member of the congress of the Republic of Texas in 1845.

The exact details of how his name came to be perpetuated in a common Western word are somewhat disputed. One account states that a neighbor who owed Maverick a debt of $400 paid it off by giving him 1,200 head of longhorn cattle, whereupon Maverick turned them over to a family SAMUEL A. MAVERICK negro slaves with the understanding that they should have the natural increase of the herd. But these negroes were a shiftless set and allowed the cattle that thus came to them to roam at will in the long grass along Matagorda bay. In a few years there were hundreds of these unbranded cattle and people often asked, "Whose cattle are these?" to which the usual reply was, "'They're Maverick's." As time went on the term "mavericks" came to be applied to all unbranded cattle -they not Samuel A.

Maverick's cattle, they were just mavericks, nobody's cattle. Another account says that during the Civil war nearly all of Colonel Maverick's employees entered the Confederate army, so that his cattle ran wild and remained unbranded. So they were "Maverick's cattle" until some one else clapped his brand on them to make them his own and gradually all stray cattle became "mavericks." Perhaps as you read this article you're lolling back in a morris chair (Invented by William Morris) and enjoying the soothing companionship of Milady Nicotine. If so, just remember that it was Jean Sieur de Vitle-Main Nicot (1530- 1600), who first introduced tobacco into France and thereby got his name associated with It. Incidentally; he was something of a scholar, too, for in 1606 he compiled the first French dictionary so you can thank war general, governor of Rhode Island and United States senator who was the leading exponent of that kind of facial adornment.

He was Ambrose Everett Burnside (1824-81) and at first his kind of whiskers were known as Burnsides. Then the wags reversed the word and we got sideburns. What is a political campaign without at least one And what politician, when he employs such a last-minute attack on GEORGE M. PULLMAN his rival, knows (or cares, for that matter) that he is helping perpetuate the fame of Orville A. Roorback, a forgotten American author and bookseller who from 1820 to 1860 compiled the first bibliography of American literature? According to Mr.

Webster, who defines it as "a defamatory falsehood published for political effect," it originated in 1844 "when there was published, to the detriment of James K. Polk, then a candidate for President, an extract purporting to be from Roorback's Through the Western and Southern States in In recent years it has lost some of its original meaning and now carries some of the implication of being a boomerang because frequently the reaction on its author is unfavorable. Whenever we go on a picnic we should remember that sporting English nobleman, John, earl of Sandwich, who did not like to stop his play, whether it was cricket or "rugger," long enough to eat. So he suggested that his servant cut meat and serve the slices between bread and that's how we got the sandwich. So we're grateful to him but what shall we say about Antoine (also known as Adolphe) Joseph Sax (1814-94) the Belgian musical instrument maker? For he invented the saxophone and if all the jokes about amateur saxophone players are true, he should never have done it! A sandwich and a saxophone seem like rather, trivial word-memorials to men when you look upon the big trees of California, the biggest and oldest living things in the world.

For they are Sequoias and they stand as perpetual reminders of a half-breed Indian--Sequoyah (1760-1843), who also bore the white name of George Gist (or Guess or Guest). He was the man who invented an alphabet for his people, the Cherokee Indians, and in other ways them in In contrast to such a splendid the white tided, road." morial is the left-hand compliment to the Frenchman Etienne Silhouette (1709-67). When he. was made controleur-generale of France in 1757 he immediately instituted such GEN. A.

E. widespread economies thing cheap was ette." Long afterwards shadow portraits, paper at a very popular, his name them. General Burnside's not seen on men's these days but the still is and that's thony Van Dyck Flemish portrait kind. And now that conclusion of this with a wallop. By pay tribute to Sir British general, who tered the French victories became lops." From that long before people "Let's wallop them we're still saying it D.

Western CALORIE NEEDS DEPEND ON AGE About 1,300 a Day Required by Average Person. By EDITH M. BARBER MUST have a certain number of calories, depending upon our age and occupation, to preserve life. Years ago when nutrition as a science was In its infancy we judged foods almost entirely by the calorie or fuel value. We gave them another score for the protein, that is to say muscle building content.

We did not care particularly about the minerals, and we did not even know that the vitamins existed. Now we score our foods on all these counts. There is less talk about the calorie value, but its importance still remains. The average person needs twelve to thirteen hundred calories a day just to exist. This is known as the basal requirement and to this must be added more for all the exercise we take.

A man doing heavy labor may use up 4,000 to 6,000 calories. Persons who lead sedentary lives, however, may get along on 2,000 to 3,000 calorles a day. If we overeat, the foods which are not used up will deposited as fat in our tissues. It is true that concentrated foods of high calories value such as fats, sugars and starches provide comparatively large number of calories and for this reason the sedentary person avoids an oversupply of these so-called heating foods. The person who uses this term, however, I find usually refers to cooked cereals and to meat, which is actually first of all for tissue building.

The term "heating foods" is old-fashioned and usually dates us. Codfish Cakes. 1 cup salt codfish cups mashed potatoes 2 tablespoons milk tablespoon butter teaspoon pepper 1 egg 3 teaspoons parsley Pick the codfish into bits and let simmer 30 minutes. Prepare the potato as usual, add the fish, egg, parsley, butter and pepper and the milk if more moisture is needed. Shape Into flat cakes or into balls, egg and crumb, and fry In deep fat, at 360 degrees Fahrenheit until golden brown.

Frozen Macaroon Cream Cake. Line a refrigerator tray with whipped cream. Arrange macaroons in rows, spread a layer of whipped cream and arrange more rows of macaroons. Cover with whipped cream and freeze three to four hours. Cornstarch Pudding.

tablespoons cornstarch caps milk 2 eggs Salt cup sugar 1 teaspoon vanilla Scald three cups of milk. Mix the cornstarch with the remainder of the cold milk and add to the scalded milk in the double boiler, stirring constantly The Household By LYDIA LE BARON WALKER CANDLES certainly are decorative utilities. There is no light more becoming to individuals. It softens blemishes, and accents beauty. It acts in the same way on things in a room.

The mellow rays shimmer en silver when candles light a dining table. And they bring out prismatic lights in glass and lend charm to china. Then apart from their illuminating excellence, the candies themselves can be ornamental. Colors can be caught in them that are wanted to be accented in a color scheme for a room or a tables Or again the color of the candles may decide the color scheme for table decorations. One attractive plan of this sort uses satin ribbon the same color as the candles to lay across a table from centerpiece to candlesticks.

The ribbon forms one or more bows at the centerpiece and the long ends extend to the candlesticks. One homemaker keeps sets of candles and ribbons to match, pink, blue, gold, silver, orchid, etc. The initial cost is the chief expense, as one thickens. Cover until the mixture at least 20 minutes. and cook for add the sugar and Beat the eggs of the hot mixture and salt.

Pour some the mixed egg and sugar, add to the mixture slowly over Cook three minstirring constantly, In the double boiler. and pour into molda utes, add vanilla cool. To make a light, fluffy padto the whites: may be ding the yolks the yolks mixed and beaten separately, with the sugar and the whites folded in after the pudding has been removed from the fire. For chocolate pudding of cocoa with mix four tablespoons cornstarch, or scald one and onethe of chocolate with the milk half squares well. The eggs may be and beat omitted.

Grandmother's Shoofly Pie. Line a pie pan with pastry rolled a little thicker than usual. Sprinkle with brown sugar, dot with plentifully butter and bake in a hot oven, 450 degrees, about 15 minutes. Cinnamon may be added. Cream Filling.

cup sugar cup flour teaspoon sal: 2 eggs 2 cups scalded milk 1 teaspoon vanilla, or teaspoon lemon extract cup whipped cream Mix the dry ingredients, add the eggs slightly beaten and pour on gradually the scalded milk. Cook 15 minutes in a double boiler, stirring constantly until thickened, afterward stirring occasionally. Flavor and cool in refrigerator. Before Alling cream puff shells fold in the half cup of whipped cream, Bell Syndicate -WNU Service. him, too, for making it easier for you to "parlez vous." Another Frenchman made it safer for you to drink milk without fear of getting disease from unhealthy cows.

It was Louis Pasteur (1827- 95), the French chemist, and bacteriologist, who is responsible for pasteurizing milk. He was also the man who freed humanity from its fear of mad dogs, for, thanks to him, rabies or hydrophobia is not the terror it once was. Walk past the window of a railroad station almost any hour, day or night, and you'll hear a clicking, chattering sound coming from a bunch of gadgets on a desk within. It's two or more "lightning-snatchers" (telegraphers) talking to each other in the dots and dashes of the Morse code- -a never -ceasing paean of praise for Samuel Finley Breese JOEL R. POINSETT Morse (1791-1872), the American portrait painter who invented the telegraph and revolutionized longdistance communication.

When poinsettias flame with their scarlet beauty at Christmas time it should remind us of Joel R. Poinsett (1779-1851) the South Carolinian who was United States minister to Mexico and who brought back with him when he returned from beyond the Rio Grande the beautiful flower which bears his name. Besides his service as a diplomat in Latin America he was also our seventeenth secretary of war. Thousands and thousands of railway sleeping cars which travel from one end of the country to the other every day are perpetual advertisements for George Mortimer Pullman (1831-97), the New York cabinetmaker who transformed an old day coach into the first sleeping car and made long journeys on the railroad more endurable. It was a French physicist who gave us the ampere as the unit of measurement of the strength of an electrical current but it was a German electrician, Georg Simon Ohm (1787-1854), who gave us the ohm as the unit of electrical resistance; an Italian physicist, Count Alessandro Volta (1745-1827), who made the volt as the standard unit of electromotive force; and a Scotch engineer, James Watt (1736-1819) who established the watt as the electrical unit of power.

If you're not a teetotaler, which would you rather have to drinksome negus, a gin rickey, a Tom and Jerry or a Ramos gin fizz? If it's the first, you can be grateful to Col. Francis Negus, a British officer of Queen Anne's day, who gave to the world hot spiced wine which bears his name. If the second, thank Col. Joseph K. Rickey of Fulton, Mo.

It the third, "Prof." Jerry Thomas, famous bar-tender in the old Planters hotel in St. Louis and the old Metropolitan hotel in New York, is responsible. Not only was he the greatest of all American concocters of alcoholic cheer but he was also a pioneer minstrel showman on the Pacific coast, owner of the music ball in New York where Lew Dockstader got his start and the sponsor of the first public exhibition of Thomas Nast's cartoons. As for the fourth, it was invented by Henry Charles Ramos of New Orleans who for 40 years conducted in that city an exemplary bar room in which no one was ever allowed to drink more than he could carry. No doubt, many of the men who patronized the bars of Messrs.

Thomas and Ramos wore sideburns, thereby helping immortalize a Civil Buttoned Upholstery Buttoned upholstery is one of the old styles beginning to enjoy a revival. It is a type requiring expert craftsmanship. It may be done on straight, curved or angular surfaces and on seats as well as backs and arms of chairs. The buttoning is done in different ways, sometimes merely fastening the upholstery textile to the well wadded lining which covers a frame which may or may not be fitted with springs, the indentations of the buttons being very slight. Again the buttoning holds folds of carefully laid pleats firmly and also carefully spaced so that the fullness smooths out between buttons.

Or again the buttons are deeply inset owing to the depth of the upholstery interlining. It is undoubtedly from the buttoned upholstery of antique furniture that the buttoned quilt has its inspiration. Painted Panelling Contrary to the general impression, panelled pine rooms were seldom seen in Colonial days in their natural finish. Our Pilgrim forefathers thought the wood too knotty to be merely varnished or waved and preferred to give it two or three coats of paint. This gave an even surface to show off the dellcate carved moulding and other ornamentation.

Dark blue, olive green and brown were favorite colors until the latter part of the Eighteenth century, when light hues became the fashion. set of tall candles generally does for more than one dinner. To increase the longevity of candles put them in the refrigerator for some hours before lighting. They will burn longer, as the wax 1s chilled and does not melt readily, but keeps the wicks oiled. This is not only a thrifty measure, but a sightly one, as the drip from melting candles does not Increase their beauty.

By the way, remember that three candles should not burn on a table. There may be two, four or any other number, but three is incorrect. After candles have served their specific purpose, the ends can be put to good use. Tie a piece of thin cloth about a bit of candle and it makes an excellent flatiron polisher and smoother. Rub it over the face of the iron while it is hot, and rub the iron over a piece of old cloth or heavy paper.

Then iron with it and note the improvement. Some persons always save candle ends to throw on open fires before lighting them. The flare of the rapidly burning wax helps to ignite the wood. A bit of candle is just the thing to use to wax thread when sewing. The candle end can be rounded or slightly shaped for the work basket if the wax is pressed into shape after it is slowly warmed, enough to be molded.

Bell Syndicate -WNU Service. BURNSIDE that everycalled a "silhou(1825) when cut out of black trifling cost, became was attached to sideburns are faces go much van dyke beard because Sir An(1599-1641), the painter, wore that we're nearing the article let's end it doing that we'll John Wallop, a beat and batso badly that his known as "walstart it wasn't began saying: and that's why today. Newapaper Union. A Smart Table Decoration of Colored Candles and Matching Ribbons..