Staunton Spectator from Staunton, Virginia • Page 1

Volume L. TUESDAY MORKIHO BY The subscription price of the Spectator is three per annum, but it may be discharged by the payment of two dollars, il payment be made before or at the time the subscription for tbe year commences. To such as shall send us five new subscribers and $10, we wiil send the paper one year gratis When payments are not made strictly in advance, the regular subscription price of three dollars will bo charged. Subscriptions will not ba discontinued, except at the option of the Editor, till all arrearages be paid. ADVERTISING RATES.

will be inserted at the rate One Dollar per Square of Eight Lines or 'or the first and 60 cents for each subsequent insertion. UnlebS the number of insertions be upon the manjsuripi it will be published until torbid and charged accordingly. £8T Obituaries, Announcements of for Communications calling upon, Advocating or Ojiposing Candidates, and all or Notices of a Personal or Private charmeter, or xntended or calculated to promote any Private Enterprise or Interest, will be charged for as advertisements. SraciAL Notices will be inserted a double the advertising rates. Spectator," Btaaatea, iaguata Connty, Va.

irrrrn Professional Directory. I am still in possession of all the forms prescribed by the Judges of the Supreme Court of the United States in Bankruptcy and will still give immediate attention to ail such cases: The Homestead exemption is good in bankruptcy from 6th July, 1869. against judgment liens, notes and open accounts and decrees to enforce tbe payment of all such debts. My oflice is in the second story of my ing, "diagonally east across Court-lane from Court buildings. J.

B. WATTS, nu l3 Attv-at-law. WM. H. TERRILL.

WM. M. MCALLISTER. TERRILL A McALLISTER, ATTORNEYS AT-LAW, Warm Springs, Virginia. Alleghany, Bath and Highland, and Pocahontas, West Virginia.

Special attention given to collection of claims and proceeds promptly accounted for. au6-tf EFFINiJER, CRAIG, Real Estate Agents, Staunton, given to the purchase and sale of lands the Valley of Virginia. Parties desiring to put their farms or City property in market will do well to place them in our hands, as we have superior advantages in disposing of them. Refer by permission to M. Harvey Effinger, and Messrs.

Echols, Bell Catlett, Staunton, Va. Special attention paid to renting property in the City of Staunton. mar Sly DR. R. P.

REESE. OFFICE AND RESIDENCE OPPOSITE MARKET house, Corner of Frederick and Water Streets, Staunton, where he can be consulted at all hours, day or night, unless professionally engaged. Feb 27 tf Town papers copy. MEADE F. WHITE, ATTORNEY-AT-LAW, STAUNTON.

will practice in the Courts of Augusta, Rockingham and Highland. Refers, by permission, to the Law Faculty or the University of Virginia. Office on Court-house alley. feo 6 ly -fIKEMTON A. RAY LOR, JT ATTORNEY-AT-LAW AND SOLICITOR IN CHANCERY.

Staunton, practices in all the Courts or Augusta and adjoining counties. same formerly occupied by his father, Col. Geo. Baylor, deed, on Augusta opposite the Court-house. no2t ttUAS.

URATTAN, A TTORNE Y-A T-L Staunion, Will practice in tbe Courts of Augusta, Rockingham and Highland. Office with the Sheriff no2l-tf S. MAU-iIS A TTORNEY-A T-LA Staunton, Will practice in the Courts of Augusta, Rockingham, and Highland. Prompt attention paid to Collections. Office with Wm.

A. Pratt no7-tf Gl BO M. MA 111 OS I A TTORNEY-A T- LA STAUNTON. Will practice in all the Courts holden in Augusta county, and in tbe Circuit Courts of the adjoining counties. Strict attention given to the collection of Claims.

of Court-house, Clerk's office of Court of Appeal- oc3l-tf WILLIAM 15. Mct'HESXEY, Staunton. Will practice in the Courts oi Augusta. Special attention given to collecting. Office on Augusta street, next to Spectator.

july4 riMHOMAS D. HANSON, A ttorney-at- Law. STAUNTON, Offers his professional services in the County and Circuit Courts of Augusta, and in the Hustings Court and the Court of Appeals held in Will also prosecute claims elsewhere through legal correspondents in this and other States. may3o-ly H. M.

MATHEWS. ALEX. F. MATHEWS. MATHEWS MATHEWS, ATTORN EYS-AT-LAW, Lewisburg, West Practice regularly in the Courts of Greenbrier, Monroe, Pocahontas and Nicholas counties.

W. Va the Court of Appeals, and tho Federal Courts for the District of W. Va. Particular attention paid to Collections md to special cases any where in their State. OHN B.

BALDWIN. GEO. M. COCHRAN, JR. BALDWIN C'OI'H RAM, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, Staunton, Will practice in all the Courts holden in Augusta county.

DR. JAMES JOHNSTON, DENTIST, Main Street, Staunton, Va. Office: Cease's Confectionery Store. Watches, Jewelry. 9 If you want Spectacles that assist your sight so that you can see as well as in 3'outh, wear LAZARUS MORRIS' celebrated perfected Spectacles and Eye-Glasses All those who have used them pronounce them the very best they have ever had.

Your sight will surely improve and will experience great ease and comfort. For sale by G. YEAKLE, Sole Agent, Staunton, Va, may 7 tf at R. D- Sear's old stand. SILVER PLATED WARE.

JEWELRY, SPECTACLES. I have just removed to my New Store Room, nextdoorto Hunter's Bookstore, Main Street, where will be found a nice Stock of EVV ERiind WARE, which will be sold very low. All Goods Warranted as represented A complete Stock A RUS MORRIS' PERFECTED SPECTACLES to suit all persons needing Glasses JEST WATCHES and JEWELRY repaired in tha be. manner. April IK tf G.

YEAK F.K. Tailoring. rAILORIMG TAILORING The co-partnership heretofore existing between liraves Sprinkle has been mutually dissolved uid the business will hereafter be conducted bj P. B. Graves alone.

He has reduced his pricos for cash, and will do all kinds of work pertaining to the tailoring business, in the very best manner, and at figures so low that no one will fail to be satisthd. He has remove 1 his shop to the room formerly occupied by Dr. B. Donaghe as an office, and i vites all his fi tends and the public generally give him a call. 30.

P. B. GBAVES Staunton Groceries and Produce. RICHARDSON BELL, (Formerly C. A.

Richardson) "Wholesale and Retail We now occupy that large and commodious store-room recently occupied by Spitler Hunter, on Augusta Street, Staunton, Va. Wo keep a large and choice stock of FAMILY GROCERIES always on hand, consisting of Sugars, Coffees, Syrups, Molasses, Salt, Fish, Bacon, Rice, Crackers, Cheese, Butter, Teas, Tobacco, Buckets, Brooms, Cotton Yarn, Spices, We are soiling groceries at the lowest cash rates. HSL, Farmers and Citizens will find it to their interest to try us before buying elsewhere. Remember tho place for the cheapest groceries, and call on RICHARDSON A BELL. rriO You will save money by buying goods in my line from me.

I keep none but the Dest and warrant satisfaction. and toasted; Tea, Ihat is Sugars, of all kinds; JJ Molasses, Vinegar, jg grade; a All kinds Crackers, Cheese and Macaroni, Lard, Bacon, Rice, Candles, Soaps, Canned Tomatoes. Peaches, Corn, a Matches, Brooms, Waiters, Looking Glasses, Baskets, Buckets, and the largest Stock of Queensware In the Valley. Buys and sells all kinds of Country Produce. ill General Commission Merchants, AND DBALBKS IK PLASTER SALT, FISH, SEEDS.

FERTILIZERS, No. 18 Main Street, ALEXANDRIA, VA. Particular attention paid to selling of Flour, Grain, and Country Produce All orders filled at lowest market rates. aul3-Iy TODD, Commission Merchant, RICHMOND, VA. Special and prompt attention given to the sale of WHEAT, FLOUR, CORN, OATS, and all kinds of country produce.

Charges light, and quick returns made in every case. Orain Bags furnished when desired. Consignments solicited, and liberal advances made by J. W. TODD julyll Burwell corner, Staunton.

USH I PUSHTis therWordloTihe Go to W. O. Thomas Powell's Building, for your fine calf-skin boots and shoes, farmers and mechanics' heavy bouts, fine sewed and pegged gaiters, all kinds of ladies and children's shoes. Also a general assortment of goods and groceries at greatly reduced prices. Cigars, smoking and chew- Tng a specialty.

You will find it to your interest to give me a call before purchasing elsewhere. kinds of country produce taken in exchange for goods, including old scrap iron, copper, brass, lead, rags, del7-3m LEATHER! have Store a tine assortment of Upper Leather, consisting of French and American Calf-Skins, Kip Skins, also a choice lot of Soie Leather, all selected for the trade. Warranted to give satisfaction and sold at the lowest cash prices, at RICHARDSON BELL. EEL'S Animouiated Roue Super have just received a full supply of this justly celebrated Fertilizer. For wheat and gr.tts il has no superior.

We refer to tne following persons who have used it with great success, viz: Benjamin Crawford, Geo. M. Cochran, Maj. John A. Harman, Ro.

Harnsberger, Col. Wm. D. Anderson, John S. Churchman, M.

W. D. Hogshead, H. P. Dickerson, Wm.

Bell Crawford and others. Leave your orders early. hu-23 P. B. HOGE BRO.

CASH STORE! Casli Buy your Groceries Cheap and pay the Cash. A choice stock of Family Groceries at the lowest prices for the Cash. "Quick sales and small profits." 2 RICHARDSON BELL. 8 A AA IMH. URKU HAMS, and a ful stock of Sides, Shoulders and Breasts, for sale low.

J. W. TODD Augusta Street, next to Post Office, may 14 tf WASHERWOMEN! have a a few more of "Knox's Fluting Machines' for sale. Call and supply yourselves with one and save almost all the. labor this hot weather.

WOODS GILKESON. L.IEOUR! The best brands and grades for family use, always on hand and sold at reasonable rates. Remember the place. July 2 RICHARDSON BELL. TOBACCO! TOBACCO and brands and as cheap as possible, at July 2 JUCHARDSON BELL.

Salt, Cotton arns and a general supply of Staple and Fancy Groceries, sold at the Cash puces at A BELLS rpHE Subscriber bass commenced a I General Produoa Business in one of Stuart's new Warehouses near the Railroad Depot ia -taunton. whore he will buy and sell all kinds of country produce for Cash. He wiil keep constantly on hand J. lour, Corn, Wheat, Oats, Meal and Plaster. Mr.

N. B. Hill is assisting the undersigned in this business, aud wou'd be to see his former customers and friends generally, july Pit' C. HAILE. i 11.

HOGE i (successors to Hoge Mason,) Wholesale and Retail Dealers in I Groceries, Produce and Fertilizers. i Highest market price in CASH paid for FLOUR, WHEAT, RYE, OATS, CORN, Boots, Shoes and Hats. 50,000. shoe C. WELLER has in Store his.Fall and Winter Stock, embracing something leas than the above amount, in Ladies', Misses', Children.

Mens' and Boys' BOOTS and SHOES. The most of his goods are made especially for his trade, and are such goods as he can recommend, and will be sold at a small advance on cost oc '28 tf WITH (SUCCKSSOB TO K. 11 HKKDBY,) Boots, Shoes, Hats and Caps TRUNKS, VALISES, UMBRELLAS, DOMESTICS, COTTONS, a good line of WOOLEN GOODS From Charlottesville and Augusta Mills. Boot, Shoe and Hat IS OPPOSITE MASONIC BUILDING, oc 29 Main Street. Buy your Men's Boots, at WELLER'S.

Buy your BOYS' BOOTS at WELLER'S. Buy your Men's and Boys' HATS at WELLERS. Buy your GUM SHOES, at 0c25 WELLER'S. 1 allies' aud Misses' Peble Goat, Glove i Kid, French Morocco, Peble Kid and Glove Kid foxed LACE SHOES at C. L.

WELLER'S, oc 29 Main Street. 1 entlemen's Boys' and Children's IT HATS, in great variety and all grades, at C. L. WELLER'S, oc Main Slreet. Ladies' and Misses' Peble Goat.

Glove Kid, French Morocco and Sensation Boots, wt C. L. WELLERS, oc 29 Main Street. and Boys' FINE CALF, Ur Sewed and Pegged BOOTS, GAITERS aud SHOES, at C. L.

WELLER'S. OC 29 Main Street. and Mechanics' BOOTS, low and just the thing, at C. L. WELLER'S, Main Street.

Children's and infants' Shoes, in great variety at C. L. WELLER'S, oc 29 Main Street. tieutleuten's Fine if-fats. in all styles, I at C.

L. WELLER'S, oc 28 Mflin Street Baltimore Aawrtisements. UPWARDS OF FIFTY FIRST PREMIUMS AND GOLD AND SILVER MEDALS WERR AWARDED TO CHARLES STIEFF FOR THE BEST PIANOS IN COM PETITION WITH ALL THE Leading Manufacturers in this Country. Office New Ware rooms, No. 9 Liberty Street, BALTIMORE, Md.

The Stieit' Planos contain all the latest improvements to be found in a first class Piano, with additional improvements of his own invention not to be found in other instruments. The tone, touch and finish of their instruments cannot be excelled by any manufactured. A large assortment of Second hand Pianos always on hand, from $75 to $300. Parlor and Church Organs, some 20 different styles on hand from $50 and upwards. Send for illustrated Catalogue, containing the names of over 1200 Southerners, (500 of whom are Virginians,) two hundred North Carolinians, one hut'Hred and fifty East Tennesseeans, and others throughout the South), who have bought the Stietf Piano since the close ofthe war.

JOEL ETTING ER, july 9 tf Staunton, Va. Livery. i mmWGI BURKES A Ufen Stables, STAUNTON, VIRGINIA. In entering upon the new year, the subscriber has had his new stables arranged for the accommodation of his growing custom, and calls the particular attention of his friends and the public bis unusual facilities for carrying on his Livsry on an enlarged scale. His stables are eniirely new, tbe floor? adapted to the comfort o'.

horses, and hi. sheds fitted up for the protection of vehicles from the weather. He wishes to remind the public that his complete outfit of new Buggies, Phsetons, Carriages, Hacks, Ac, in neatness and ease of moving, are not to be equaled by any Livery in the Valley. He can accommodate persons with superior riding and driving gentle or fast. dorses fed ami boarded on liberal terms.

The famous hostler, Tom Bjsthjcl, is in general charge of the stables. Uffice near the new building. ja9-tf Ed. BURKE. AMERICAN HOTEL Livery Stabies, Staunton, a to JOHN O'TOOLE, Proprietor.

My stables are constantly supplied with elegant horses, carriages, buggies, hacks, which will be furnished to my patrons on most reasonable terms. Also good and reliable drivers supplied if desired. 1 can furnish livery equal, if not superior, to that of any other stable in the State. Give me a trial and I will guarantee satisfaction. JOHN O'TOOLE.

Carriage Making. C.ARRIAGES AND I wish to inform my friends that I have moved my CARRIAGE SHOP to my new ouilding near the "Virginia" Hotel, where I will keep on hand Carriages and Buggies of every description. By close attention to ousiness and fair dealing, 1 expect to give entire atisfaction. I will pay strict attention to REPAIRING. Give mo aeaii before purchasing jaii 15 J.

H. WATERS. At the solicitation of many of my former patrons I have again taken charge at my old stand, where I will carry on the CARRIAGE-MAKING BUSI- ESS in all its various branches, and I am determined that my work shall not be surpassed in finish, style, durability or price. Special attention given to repairs. JOHN M.

HARDY. i FliJM.r— We tho undersigned have a Foundry in the Northern end ot 1 the city and are prepared to make all binds ot grey iron castings, and evc-y description lof brass citing. We have on hand faity-two Oiffcrent styles of iron railing for fences, alto 1 several different ttyles of ciiairs, settees and 5 school de-Us. We ere prepared to furnish Bronzed Crescents for Maiismd Roofs. Particular attention given to rep-iiiing stoves Call and examine our Revolution CaSL Iron Clothes l.ine— something new, cheap and housekeeper ought to have one.

Call at our shop next door to Capt. Schoppert. or leave jour order with J. W. Utley, corner of Auirusta and Frederick streets.

Grey Iron Castings. LONG CO. Staunton, August 28-ly STAUNTON, TUESDAY, FEBEUARY 4, 1873. Poetry, Prom the Aldino. TIRED MOTHERS.

A little elbow leans upon your knee, Your tired knee, that has so much to bear; A child's dear eyes are looking lovingly From underneath a thatch of'tangled hair. Perhnps you do not heed the velvet touch Or warm, moist fingers, folding you's so tight; You do not prize the blessing You are almost too tired to pray to-night. But it is blessedness I did not tee it I do We aro so dali and thankless; and too slow To catch the sunbeam till it slips away. And now it seems surpassing strange to me That, bile I wore tho badge of motherhood I did not kiss aft, and tendi. ly, The little child that brought mo only gxid.

And if, some night when you sit down lo rest, You miss this elbow from your tired knee This restltss. curling head from your breast, This lisping tongue that chatters constantly If from your own the dimpled hands had slipped, And ne'er would nestle in your palm again; If the white feel into their grave had tripped, I could not blame you for your heart-ache then. I wonder so that mothers ever fret At little children clinging to their gowns Or that the toot-prints, when the days are wet, Are ever black enough to make them frown. If I could find a little muddy boot, Or cap, or jacket, en my chamber floor; If I could Kiss a rosy, restless foot, And hear its patter in home once more If I could mend a broken carl to-day, To-morrow make a kite, to reach tha There is no woman in God's world could say She is more blissfully content than I. But ah, the damtv pillow next my own Is never rumpled by shining head singing budling from its nesl is flown, The little boy I used to kiss is dead The Churches of Augusta, Bethel Church.

BY PLUKAL. Bethel church is situated about ten miles South of StauutOD on the Howardsviile Turnpike, midway between the villages of Greenville and Middlebrook. About fifteen acres of ground were given by Mr. VVaddeli (grandfather of Mr. James Bumgardner, Senr for church purposes, on which the old church was erected sometime io 1700.

It was buiit of logs in the form of a Greek cross. Rev. Mr. Scott preached here and at Hebron, alternately. Rev.

Wm McPheeters was fur r-ouie time the pastor, afterwards Dr. Uhapman until 1821. The old chuich was puiled down in then preaching was heiu io the grove, acd a. St. church, ib mt a mile irom Beihel occupied at tbat time by Lv herans aud German Reformed Presbyterians.

The present cureh, a spacious brick one, was finished in 1822 It is capable of holding 70Uor 800 persons, and, at the time it was finished, it was said to be as handsome a church as could be found for mdc walls were seriuu-ly injured by a great fall ol enow iv 1833, but were atterwards strengthened by iron rods. In the fall of 1822 Dr. Fraucis McFarlaud, then traveling in ttie South, and "while a guest of Dr. Addison Waddeil of Staunton, was invited to preach at Bethel, which he did for throe Sabbaths Soon afterwards, be received a unanimous call Irom the church, which he accepted, and was installed in Ruffuer preaching the sermon, and Dr. Speece of Augusta church, delivering the "charge' lv 1836, Dr.

McFarjacd returned to Philadelphia, as Corresponding Secretary ot Board of Education. Rev. Alex B. McCorkle was pa.iur uf the chutch until 1841, wheu he took charge ot a chuich in Ga and Dr. McFar land retun ci and was pastor until bis death in October, 1871 Xi.

1865 Dr. McFarland, through infirmity of age and lil-heakti. gave up regular preaching. Rev. Mr.

Houston supplied tbe pulpit lor a while afterwards Rev. Park Flournoy. In 1868, Rev. James Murray ot Suffolk called, preached time, was installed as copastor, leu.aitii.ig as such until Dr McFarland died. Mr Murray preaches regularly at Bethel every Sabba'h, conducts a Bible class numbering between 20 aud 30 -cholars, (from Bible by Dr Ramsey) Sunday morning During the summer aud autumn he preaches in the evening at either Greenville.

Middlebrook, Hawpe's Christian's Creek, Broadhead, or Mint Spriug school houses; conducts, assisted by the elders, weekly prayer meetings, alternately at Christmn's Creek and Broadhead, when he explains some passages ol Scripture, aud makes very interest ing addres.es. The ruling elders are Messrs. John Merritt, Matthew Pilsou, David Blackwood, Fmley Humphreys, Benj. F. McClung, A A.

Soroul, aud Aiex. Browuleo, who has been a confirmed invalid for several years. During theyear 1532, the first Sabbath school was organized continued to flourish for a number of years, by John A. Douglass, an eminent Christian, and successful teacher of youth. It was truly delightful to see the interest taken by parents and children.

Pa ents would como on horse-back six miles, and bring their mtie oties, from the prattler of i five summers up to those iv their teets A choice library of over 500 volumes delighteu the youth by their interesting aud the weightier volumes gave iolormatioo aud entertainment to older heads. There are three Sabbath schools in ihe at Mint Spring, Mr. John M. Lambert, Superintendent; one at Broadhead, with Mr. B.

F. Mc Clung, and the other at Christian's creek, where it has beeu conducted for a number of years by Messrs. Pilson Blackwood. These gentlemen have, by punctuality and perseverance, kept this school up, and by it make rhe evenings interesting and usefully spent. Much good, we trust, hasresul el from the influence ot Sabbath as we hear Irom distant lands ot Sabbath schools being organized by some of the members of ihe first Sabbath hchool at Bethel.

In 1831, the church was visi'ed by a revival. Dr. Baxicr, Key. Mr. VVillsm aud other ministers, assisted Dr.

McFarland. Doring communion seasous tour days' meetings were kept up that on Friday, cloriog on Monday. Some ihat professed religion theu have become of the gospel. Among these were Rev James also his brother, David, distinguished lor his zeal and activity iv bis Master's cause, though his lile was a short one. Two years iater, Rev.

Philander M. Custer (now in Lewisburg, VV. Va.) was received in.o Ihe church. His hie has also oeen a devoted one Separated from the church-yard, which is nicely enclosed aod shaded by oruaaienul trees, is city of tne within the enolosuie of repose tbe bodies of over 400 r-ons. lv 1817 hero w-rebui 23 graves.

the Cent Society" has bad uiucn done to tbe yard in the way of removing unsightly objects, briers, from the graves, causing a fcreai. improvement in the appearance of the yard. Three ministers "sleep their last sleep" Key. is.bious Logan, Key David Humphreys, and Dr. Mc- Farland twelve eiders also repose here- Hobert late, Matt he Pilson, Col.

Robert Doak, Robert John Logan, John Brawtord, John A Douglass, John Sproul, Maurice Austin, Samuel Humphreys, Samuel Hays James son. Two persons were imerred last Hes.er Bumgardner and Mr. Biliard Smith. Within the last two or three years a parsonage has been purcha-ed withiu a mile of the church, and some repairs were done to it last year ia inclosing the MfftSfiC The ini-iister's salary is $800 -puyable quarterly. During the war, the church was entered one snowy night and robbed ol several yardwol ear peting, curtains io rear of pulpit, and hymn books book 9 were recovered.

Old Providence Church. BY A V. E. Situated in a beautiful grove in tho upper part of Augusta, near tho Hue, stands the church of Old Providence. It is surrounded by old oaks, with a beautilul view of the South Mountain, while far away to the South and Southwest, is the singular-looking House mountain, and a fine range of The old church was built in of stone, and still stands a monument of the past; while many of the fair faces, and manly who once ihronged its aisles and filled its pews, now sleep the silent sleep ol death, within sight of the church Here are buried (he McCormicks, relatives of Mr.

McUormick, the inventor of the reaping-machine, who, while on a visit to Virginia a few ago, erected monuments to memories. The new church is a handsome one, built of brick, within a short distance from the old one It was dedicated in 1859 This church belongs to the ''Associate Reformed Presbyterians," and is the only one io Augusta. This sect arose in 1733, and the old church ruu3t have been built in the latter part of 1700, as Revs. Gellatly and Arnot were appointed from Scotland to this country in 1752. Io 1770, the of Pa.

was formed, and at present it has Presbyteries in the Southern, Western and Middle States, with over 250 They adhere very eh sely to Westminster catechism, and are particularly cfeervaut of the very good trait. Tiit-y condemn the use of any hymns except David's Psalms ia public worship. This sect can claim among its ministers one of the mo9t gifred of American diviues-Dr. John superior for powerful and masterly eloquence has never stood in the American pulpit" Revs. Adair, Herring and Brown preached in the old church.

A Synod was held in the old church io 185-; a large number of ministers were present froai the Sou'h a learned, intelligent body of meo, (fur a preacher belonging to this denomination asvst have a thorough education.) Rev. Shields supplitd the pulpit a short time before Dr. Horatio Thompson, which was in 1834, He preaches two-thirds of his time at Old Providence, and the rost at Timber R-dge, io Rockbridge No members of other den are admitted to their communion table. "Tokens" are given out to members before commuoioo, and received at the table before c.mmuriing. The ruling elders are Messrs John McOu'ch en.

Jumes and Wil'iam Riwan. (ftrher and sod) James Uallis'm and Davis McCormick. Letters irom the Thorough Tillage, Subsoil Flowing, Eilitor Spectator Every one who tills the ground is anxious to secure large crops and improve h's land. Sime succeed while fail. This difference can only be accounted for by the manner io which they ihe soil.

All, wa presume, agree that thorough tillage is the best, most successful and reliable; but how to accomplish this to ba the trouble. We will make a few saggestionson this point, which has been brought io our notice by observation and prac ice. First. It is all important to keep the improved soil on the turn it so far down that it will be below tho and, of course, beyond the reach of the roots. All experience teaches that seed should be put in good in, the seed most be brought" in direct contact with the best and richest soil.

This cannot be dune by deep piowing, simply because it throws the very st and most productive soil so far down that the seed cannot be deposited ia it. and is below where roots are found to run, as ninetenths of the roots ot the various kinds of train and grass are found within four or six inches of the surface, regardless ef the improved soil beyond that depth. We do not er, however, four or six inches sufficient depth receive a crop in a dry season, or prevent our land being washed, our crops being drowned in a wet season, We are compelled to resort to or adopt subsoil plowing to accomplish the object sought. The surface, or improved soil, is olten nearly exhausted of valuab-e mmerable salts, which exist in much larger proportions in the subsoil. ol soda and lime, which needs but the influence of carbonic acid from rain water, and from the decomposidon of vegeiablt.

matter to set free their alkalies exist.unadulterated. in the yellow subsoil. By breaking up the sub-strala of soil which has become al most a hard pan, more perfect drainage is effected and stagcation of water is prevented capuiary actiou is also promoted, by which aqueous solutions of the valuable saline matters arc brought to the surface, and are there couconcontrated by the evaporation of the water, so that the salts reoiaiu on the surface or within reach of the roots cf plants. J. W.

K. War Among the Unbleached Americans! A School-Master Bites the Dust! Pine River, Jao. 1573. Editor Spectator: 1 stop everything to tell you it and you musv stop the press to publish it. War has broken out in Churchviile and a bloody battle already beeu "'lost and won." Nothing has occurred i.ke unto it, since the late war io Jennings' Gap, when Johny Mullins was "shitted with rocks and forced to reirate bohiiid a The battle came off yesterday afternoon about 4 o'oi'k, although there had beeu some heavy -kirmi-diing at an earlier h-ut in the day.

The maiu tight took place iv tbe pubic road, direcly in Irom of tbat stat ol learning, known as the "'Cohned Academy," presided over by Professor Thomas Henaforth It will. be more ihan classic ground. The "Professor" hails, I believe irom South Carolina, and belongs, or did, to the tie is eugageil in the unenviable work of teaching the colored population. His tchool is composed of a mixed lot, of all ages, sexes and tbe brawny young Buck, whose es have been developed at ihe plough handle and the auvil, to the sable Beauty, who has bid farewell to the kitchen and the wishtub, to receive the finishing touch education, under the polishing tuition ot Mingling together in the school room, they i naturaliy romp together oo the th reby bangs a tale a bloody tale. Among the female scholars is a little bionz.

beauty, i who in tbo romantic name ef Roberta, called so alter her brother Bob. Yesterday, wncu the hour for play arrived, all parries re pairel to ihe usual of recreation, when George Green, a stout lad ot some eiaiiieen or nineteen summers, by the spirit of mischief, and not having the fear of the before his to suck i houey from the fair Roberta's dps. It is a i queer place to look for honey and ii isquesriooi aole whether he found it. Certain it is that he 'went lor it" and was duly reporred for his boldness at Headquarters. Prof.

Thomas had all hi- chivalry aroused, by so rudo an assault i upon one of his female pupils, and at the evening session of tho attempted to punish I ttie offender. This he did by approaching him i and mauling him over the head with a heavy He laid the flesh opefl in several places and bled his patient freely. Green defended as be-t he could, but, finally, the storm subsided and tho exercises oi lbs school prol as usual VV hen the school was dismissed, however, Gnen assaulted the as he came out of the door. A fierce struggle ensued, in the course of which "They fought and fit and gouged and bit, And wallowed in the mud Till all the ground for miles around Was kiver.d with their blood." Thi). was li'crally true, except as to theqnan" tity of don the occasion.

The Pro- It-Hsor was badly I. bored, nadly de'aced, and it is said dually ming out "Muff Green says he would have thru bed the Professor at the start, he had fit fair." I tell you the tale as it has been told to me. I drew a few practical reflections from this bloody affray. Ist. Young darkies should ba cautions how they attempt to kiss the "gals" at school.

It is the exclusive privilege of the teachers. 2id. Teachers of public schools should be equally cautious how they attempt to tickle full-grown-up male scholars with mauls. This is a country, and ''The pieco that's aimed at duck or plover "Wiil sometimes kick the owner 3rd. Women are at the bottom of al! the mischief io the world.

They have been tempters from the beginning and tempt stiii, even though they be as black as the ace of spades. 4th. It is fortunate that this gentle mode of discipline has been introduced into our public schools by a colored teacher. Had a white man thus dealt with a negro scholar, it would bo blazoned in every radical paper with, a fierce howl of denunciation and abuse. Yours, in haste, E.

PORTER. Correspondence from Rockbridge. Ihe Iron Kings and their Work in. Roclitjridge and up the Powhatan Iron Co The Iron Mountain at Deposits of Ore all along the Iron Belt. Staunton a Interest therein Lithograpnic Stone, how found, Balcony Falls, January 25th, 1873.

Editor Spectator In my last rather hurried letter I alluded to some of the developments of this grand oid county's material resources, and propose, in this, to give your readers and the world, a fuller detail of the facts I have since collected facts that will go to show her rich in everything which goes to make an enterprising people prosperous, and upon which, a new life and energy, soon to grow up and come in, will build a structure as firm aad enduring as the great arch which makes her name known and famous throughout tho civilized world. And now for the "Iron Kings" and their greaf domain io Rockbridge, and up the James far awny to the high-peaked Alleghanies, and its North Mountain Kang.s, which is destined to prove, la a few years, the richest and most accessible Iron Bdt in the United Sates. Some years alter the Valley was discovered, by Gov. Spottswood, Tubal Cain of and his "Horse Shoe Knights," this section of It ckbridsrc was first penetrated by John Salling, "a bold weaver," who came up the Valley, from VVinebes'e', with John Lewis and John Macke.v. about 1730.

Sailing took up all the lands ia the Fotks of the North and Jaaics, (and Lewis large quantities in Augusta) aod Sailing's mountain here is named after bim and is owned by his descendant in Missouri, Dr. P. A. Sailing. Iron was early discovered, but the first large workers were the Jordans, Samuel Jordan aod brothers, who worked furnaces and mines at Buena Vista in this county, and in Alleghany county, and whose descendants are still among the most energetic, bold, and successful iron men of the country, owning and running a large blast furnace in Am herst, 7 miles below he-re, which is supplied with ore from Rockbridge.

As their work will he more fully alluded to again I will devote this to the great Powhatan Iron Company, the successor to the Dover Coal and Iron Co and the work it has done and is still iog. In 1859, Capt, Ed. Eehols and Col. Benj. J.

Jordan (now of Waynesboro) discovered ore oo the present Echoi's Ore Bauk mountains, and Jordan mined here lor years successfully, to supply his Westham Furnace, above Richmond. Toe war coming on, the Confederacy took possesion of the furnace aod the banks were worked by Capt. Echols for it, getting out over 20 000 tons during the war, which was the only iron that could bo used for making 12 pounder field pieces, and for coating shells, The works were run by Benjamin Jordan, and Fuzhugh soon alter the war, until the Co. purchased them lot $25 000, fur about 5,000 acres, in 1868. That Company closed out in 1800 and the works stopped, until the Spring of 1872, when the present Powhatan Iron Company the shrewd, practical, go-a-head, Gen.

W. F. Bartlett, of Pittsville, for President and Manager, aod Wm. H. Aspinwall, Natb.

Thayer, J. C. Brown, Waiter Cutting, ol N. and Archer Anderson, cf Richmond Tredegar works, Gen. J.

11. Anderson and other promioeat Virginia Iron Kings are interested ia the Co. It owns the Dover Coal the gieat Wcstham Furnace, the Echol's Ore Banks here, aod several Jether valuable mines, down the river, as well as having Col. B. Jordan at work near Waynesboro and Fishersville, and it is thioking of using the oid Bath's mines Capt.

Ed. Echois is Superintendent, and tha Company could not have made a more judicious selection, as he is thoroughly posted on Iron miuing, and, for years back, has been acting in conjunction with your reai estate men, Bell and Catlett, in developing the great iron belt and drawing the attention of capital and enterprise, at home and abroad, to it. In a quiet way, this gentleman, and the firm alludod to, have done wonders for this region and on up the river to Alleghany and up Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, aud, with their enlarged views and devotiou to the true interests of Va will, with yearly increased facilities and the new awakening of the people oa this subject, do still more. Toe Powrattn I'ompany now works two large tunnels here. 2 100 feet trom canal, with about 30 hauds, night aod day, and is opening new mines.

Forty five tons, of 50 per cent brown hematite ore per day, is the average yield, which will be largely in the Spring. There is abmt I.SUU tons on hand and the Co. will soon have to keep 10 canal boats carrying ore to Wesiham, until they build a large fuinace here on canal, thus SdVng the transportation of dead weight iv ore, by use of Kanawha coal The expenses here are now $1 21)0 per month. The cost for getting ore out ot mines $1.50 per ton, aud delivering at Furnace $2, and abooc $15 for blasting whole cost of p'g iron made at furnace $30 per ton. The price in New York is $16 and you can easily see the the pr.firaDleness so far.

A miuing Engineer, sent here by Dover Co. belore purchasing, estimated the iron ore io these banks at over 1 000,000 tons, and this is but a drop in the bucket to the deposits along the whole, iron belt up North aod James to the Alleghanies, and along Chesapeake and Ohio Riilroad. Since 1872, iron has been found in quanti'ies, uu North River, on C. Baldwin's land, John C. Laud's, W.

D. McCorkle's, Jas. H. Paxton's, D. U.

Brady's and others, up to Loxing.on and to Goshen Pass, aud in unlimited quantities all around Goshen, on C. O. R. Up the Jamts River Irom here, on Mrs. G.

Joha's lands, Capt. G. McCorkles, the Sailing farm, David Stover's, Spot Braff Burks William's, on Boyd's estate, Skidmora's Ferry, Samuel C. Soider's and Joha Shultz Co's Iron mountain, fronting Buchanan, which is now turning out 50 tuna brown hematite, 60 per ceut oie.daily.and they will build a large furnace in the Spring. Next to Iron Mountain, Missouri, this is said, by judges, to promise the largest yi.ld of iron in the world.

Then the old na Furnace and mines, owned by Shultz Co and on John Mays' lands, Col. C. T. Beat and at 1-ast 60 immense deposits, already known, on up the river to Covington. Number 18.

i The above can ouly convey a faint idea of i what has been done and what can and will be dont, as soon as the cheap coal of Kanawha is united with these vast and easily mined deposits of rich ores. Below here this giant company, whose capital is unlimited, has discovered ore in some twenty places, and is working at Gooch's Indian Furnace, George Pettijohn's, Riverville, 18 miles below Lynchburg, and Dillard's Landing, lock 40 is gettiog out 20 tons 1 er i ay u' ma ore then Bremo Bluffs, Pudding Hill, Buckingham county, and 02 to Westbam, the largest and most complete iron furnace in the South, and second to none North. With its immense capital, scientific experts, ever oa the look out, liberal dealing and encouragement to the people, this company is working a revolution along this hitherto dead pea water line, aad is yet destined to work out for the great James River Valley, a destiny never dreamed of by its people. StaQnton's interest in all thi. lies in fmm, ibatthe Valley R.

K. wiil put her in close connection with this great Iron Bait, adding it to Augusta's iron, and, with the C. O. R. R.

crossing there and bringing her the cheap coal of Kanawha, the work-shops of both roads, and the spirit of her people will demand iron foundries, rolling uai.ls, machine shops, on a scale commensurate with interests at stake. Let her people, then, continue in well doing, and leave nothing undone to facilitate the speedy connection, with this great county by rail, aud, let the croakers say what they please, in the no distant future, if she but uses her opportunities as in the past, your Hiil city is certain to ba the great entrepot of the iron trade of the great Valley, and the future Pittsburg of Virginia. The age of impossibilities has passed, and that of wili aud energy to do, and dare and conquer ali things, has Your future is knit to that of this section and couu.y by every bond of interest and sympathy and soon the iron bands of the distance-annihilating railway, will make you OGe in trade, and ail interests will work together to build up a great city, worthy ot the great Valley and her future capital of a reunited good o'd city of Staunton. We turn to Lithographic Tiiu discovery of this valuable stone in quantises, in Ruckbridge, and the evidence that it can be elsewhere in the Valley, opens a new era in the material development of our section, and one that promises results second to no enterprise ever started among us. It was discovered by A.

J. Voick, who was on a visit to D. C. E. Brady's Buffalo Forge place, while ia Rockbridge, seeing about the means to place at the V.

M. 1., his magnificent BroDze Equestrian status of Stonewall Jackson, ordered Gov. Letcher and others, aud now waiting shipment in Europe. While talking to Brady, he picked up a piece of sroue and was observed to look at it intently, and ask what it was. Brady answered "'nothing much, thi.

place is fall ot it." Voick took specimens to Baltimore, where it stood every scientific aod practical test, and a mpaoy, with a Capital of $5 JO was formed to develop it, composed ofthe most reliable and energetic business men ot Baltimore. Tbey first went to woik on Jno. Michie's place, in Filling Spring's neighborhood, 8 miles from L'-xuitMou and 2 from Canal, and sooa purchased 20U acres irom bim, at $35 per acre, and 3 acres from Mr. Ugdeu, a blacksmith, oo same place, at $100 per acre. Tnis stono ia a porous limestone, sufficiently hard to retain a smooth surlaco and at the same porous enough to absorb moisture, it is oot as hue as the Bavarian, because not as durable, but answers every purpose.

Two immense blocks of it, one weighing 1,700 pounds, have been sent to Baltimore, and stood every tesc required, and the Company is sanguine of great success. It first crops out on Sheriff James A. Wilson's farm two miles irom Canal, who refused $100 aa acre for 100 runs parralel to Blue Ridge in N. course, by Ead's Michie's Brady's, crosses Buffalo and strikes tho lands of James Wilson, at which point scientific prospering stopped, but indications abound further on, and elsewhere. Large quantities have also been discovered on the Manna! Bridge property, owned by your Col.

Al. It. Harman, who wont bo long making it "pay." The largest developments are on Brady's lands, above Buffalo Forge, and it was this stone being discovered which led your correspondent into an error, in saying: ''immense slate deposits at Brady's," whereas there hsa been no marketable slate ever discovered, in the U. 3., west ofthe Biue We understand (hat another wealthy company is beiDg formed to work the atone on Brady's land and utilize bis immense water power, one miefrom Canal, at Buffalo Forge, in manufacturing it fur shipment. Tbe importance of these developements can be seen, when it is known that the ouiy other mines of this stone found, are in Bavaria, and ihey are giving out, while tbo smallest prices sell at 26 cts per pound, and the prise increases, in geometrical proportion, to the size, andmilliousof tons of etone, used fox printing maps, of uniform quality and any required tize, cau bo gotten iv the Rockbridge mines.

Mr. Andersen has recently introduced a bill to incorporate Messrs. Walter B. Bowles, A. J.

Voick, G. A. Alyer, Wm. T. Bowon Charles A.

Davidson aod under tho oarne and style of the "American Lithrograplno Company of Virgicia," for the purpose oi quarring marblo and lithographio sroce aud mining other miaeia.s and meials iv Rockbridge and other counties of the State of Virginia. The capital stock of said company is to be $200 000, divided into shares of $1,000 each, and -000 of the said capital stock is to be subscribed before the company shall cemtaeace operations. It asks for authority to hold 10,000 aore3 cf land in Rockbridge, and as much aa 5,000 io any other aud to hold tbe mecuegs of the company ia Rockbridge couuty, tho city of Baltimore, or elsewhere. But, carried away with the interest excited iv every lover cf our grand old State, by the wondertul future the development of her resources promises to her and our Valley, I have, fear, made my letter too long, if anything on a subject of such vital importance can be too long these hard times. I hope the papers throug'iou.

tho Valley wiil aid me in these researches, and give more space to local interests. This whole region is lookmg up aud trade is lively. Yours. VIATOR. Profit from Raising Fowls.

The Shenandoah Herald, received from Mr. Jno. Bushong, a carefully prepared statement of the cost of keeping one hundred hens for one y.ar and ihe profit arising therefrom. He used as food corn, screanings and oats. The cost each month was as follows January, $2 40, Feb.

$5.60, Mar. $4.67, April, $4.95, May $1 72, Juue, 50 cts, July, 50, Aug. 25, Nov. $2 25, December, $7.75. Total cost, $33 59.

Number of eggs was as follows: February 253, Match, 912, April, 1076, May, 10S0, June, 761, July, 885, August, 67, September, 138, Oct. 61, November, 09, December, 340. Total, 6242. Average price, received was cents per doz. Amount realized from eggs, $97.50 Increase of fowls 80, worth, 20 00 One ton of fertilizer, worth 50.00 $166.50 Deduct costs 33.59 Net profit, $133.91 Governor Oglesby was elected United States Senator from Illinois on Tuesday of last week, the vote of tho Opposition being given to Senator TAinbuil.

The Democrats entered a protest, on tie ground that the Governor is not eligible. i The Central Pacifio Railroad adopted tho currency basis on tho Ist ofthe present month..