The Mountain Sentinel from Ebensburg, Pennsylvania • Page 2

virtually opens our ports to invite such rivalry gainst al! these pursuits, and no rate of tariff that the wisdom oi congress can uevise, wuaiu nv reasonable limit, can counteract its influen ces. It greatly enhances the nominal prices of goods and commodities in this, above what tney will bear in other countries, whilst at the same time, it retards rather than facilitates their It thus pives the foreizn producer the onnr.rtunitvof manufactures at the low rates of Lis own country, and selling at the inflated prices of ours for he receives his pay, not in our depreciated paper but in gold and silver. It is this State of the currency more than any other feature in the policy of this country, that enables the foreign manufacturer to compete with, if not to undersell the American producer our own markets." 8 (Special legislation to create corporations bas usually occupied much of the time of the General Assembly. This business will doubtles bo pressed upon your consideration during the coming session. It is right and proper, therefore, that I should declare to you fully and frankly, my views touching this whole subject.

These artificial bodies are created by extending to an association of individuals powers and privileges not enjoyed by the mass of the people under the general laws of the State. One important class of these seems to result from public necessity and to have no object but the promotion of public convenience. Another, however, seems to look solely to the private gain cf the parties interested. Among the former may be classed corporations to facilitate the construction of roads, bridges, canals, railways, the direct tendency of which is to promote the comfort aid prosperity of the people generally. To accomplish these ends, the association of capital under corporate powers, impo-eing only a limited liability on the corporators, i.

w5s.lv encouraccd. In refer nee to. euch, the policy of the State seems to be well isettlcd. In the latter class may be placed all kinds of corporations to promote the ends of individual gain, as connected with the ordinary business enterprises of the country. "With regard to such, the legislation of the Coninion-wealtb has been extremely uncertain.

I entertain the opinion that, as a general rule, corporations of this character are not essential to the public weal that whatever 'legislation may seem necessary to facilitate the business of miuing and manufacturing and the various other pursuits for which corporate powers are usually sought, should, as far as possible, be general in its character and be available alike to all. There is, it seems to me, no evidence to be found in the history of our Commonwealth, or in that of any other State, that these great interests are more successfully managed by special corporations than by individuals or associations under general laws. "Whilst in the experience cf all, it is made very apparent that individual efforts and experiments are much less liable to entail injury upon society at large. That energy, independence, integrity and purity which usually characterize individual oper-Htions, are not, as a general rule, so well maintained iu the efforts of artificial bodies. Ambition, pride and responsibility, the great incentives to action, seem, to some extent, to lose their proper influence over individuals thus associated together.

Careless, inefficiency and prodigality are too often the fruits of a light interest and limited responsibility on the part of those entrusted with the management of incorporated companies. Dut why should these special privileges be desired Are they intended to shield the parties interested from the full force of the loss where an enterprise may prove unsuccessful If so, how shall we grant such great advantages to one citizen, and deny them to another Equality of rights to all is an elementary principle of our government. If, therefore, for mining, manufacturing ami other pursuits, corporate powers are to bo grautedhow shall the Legislature refuse similar privileges to the farmer, the miller, the hatter, and the shoemaker If one class of citizens arc to have the opportunity of experimenting in their chosen business, or only a limited liability for the losses, all can justly Claim a like" advantage. We should thus be led step by step in the creation of these artificial bodies, until the field of personal enterprise would be occupied by privileged classes individual enterprise be completely prostrated beneath the power of concentrated wealth and special privileges, and the relative position of the people rendered less equal than before this system was commenced. We must notfee, in addition, the palpable injustice cf its practical operations as compared with those of the individual citizen.

A corporation is organized on the principle of a limited liability of the stockholders its business is unwisely chosen, or unskilfully managed, and it wsults in failure and loss. The stockholders, in such case, lose the mount they may have paid in, and the remainder of the loss falls upon innocent parties, who, misled by its great nominal capital, have become the creditors of the institution. An individual engaged in a similar enterprise meets a like fate, and the last item of his personal estate is sacrificed to pay the debts he has thus incurred. Dut it is said that capitalists will not invest their means in hazardous enterprises, if required to bear more than a limited liability. 1 am confident that you will agree with me, that this reasoning in favor of special privileges has no foundation in correct principle, and is not, therefore, entitled to favorable consideration.

In a mere business point of view th? position ianot a Bound one. If a given enterprise hazardous, it is the less liable to competition and ihe more lucrative, if successful, But if it be a dun jcr- ous business, and, therefore, likely to result uu-proStably, upon whom should the loss fall Certainly it will not be contended that it should be thrown upon innocent parties who have had no agency in the business. It is surely more just aul reasonable that those who are to receive the profit should bear the losses that those who enjoy the privileges should incur the responsibilities. The Constitution never intended to sustain any other policy. It never contemplated acts of legislatiou to advance one man's interest at the expense of another's.

Nor am I at all convinced that capitalists would not invest their means under the individual liability priucible. It i3 but a short period since it was extensively believed that banking capital could not be concentrated, if the stockholders were made liable in their individual estates for the debts of the bank. A short experience has dispelled this doubt and served to demonstrate the wisdom and justice of this policy. So it would be, I am confident, if this principle were cxteuded to all corporation designed to facilitate the ends of private gain. Capitalists who might be apprehensive that their private estates would becomo involved for the current debts of the corporation, can employ the simple and easy remedy of making no such debts.

Let the contraction of a debt bo forbidden by the laws of the institution. Let their business be transacted on the cash system. By this policy they will give the greater fiiciency to their operations and escapo the dreaded liability. Besides it does not seeiu reasonable that special legislation for the oot ennibio purpose cuuoentruting capital, should at the same time look to the creation of lare u'vbuJ. If theiuoorporation of priuouTu bhould do no more than lead to tiitt adoptiuu of ta cash, eysjteui, it would be the rneais of n-uiit to tho corporators and great good to iue public within the reach of general laws, and it Bhould be deemed proper.

to extend to such the convenience of a corporate' seal, such corporation, should always be limited to a moderate existence and be accompanied by the principles of individual liability for all debts of the association. The convenience of special legal organization is all the advantage that any association or individuals should isk, and it is certainly all that any proper enterprise can need. The salutary effect sive country of ours, so suited to agriculture, and in this age of scientific discoveries and perfection in all the arts, that no institutions to impart instruction in the 6cience of agriculture have been established. It is true, that societies have been formed in a number of the States and exhibitions have been held calculated to awaken the. people to the importance of this subject.

Our State society, orgauized about two years since, has held two exhibitions, which have done ot this policy would doubtless be, that whilst it! much good in the way of sending to nil parts of couiu not restrain iue association or capital ior iue state oesi oreeu or domestic animals, If thLid be euieiviios legitimate nm useiui jiiipikHttd iu I'uc'u- opcraUoaa as not to com wise and legitimate ends, it would save the le cislature the labor of considering unwise and visionary schemes, and the public from their iu jurious consequences. In a message to the General Assembly during its last session. I took occasion to refer to the growing inclination for special legislation, and recommended the adoption of some measures to remedy the evil. A resolution, was passed by that body authorizing the Govenor to appoint three commissioners to prepare general laws for the consideration of the Legislature, touching various subjects therein named. Accordingly, in June last, I appointed Hon.

James M. Porter, Ldward A. Penniman, and J. Ellis Bonham, Es-quircs, commissioners under said resolution. These gentlemen have, for some time been devoting themselves to the performance of the duties thus devolved upon them.

The result of their labors shall be communicated to you at an early period in your session. The evils of special legislation seems to have been a subject of complaint in the early history of the State. In the preamble to tffelaw 1794, intended to obviate the necessity for special or private legislation, this complaint is freely expressed. The volume of laws for that year numbered fifty-nine pages of a small book in 1881, they count eleven hundred of a large one. This evil was then in its infancy it is now full grown and should be corrected.

This, in my opinion. can only be done by the adoption of a few more general laws, and the rigid administration of those already in existence 1 deem it right to say that I shall regard the maintenace of this policy as a high obligation to the people. The law of 1791, and its several supplements, make provision for the creation and amendment of corporations for liberty, charitable, and religious purposes, to create beneficiary societies, and fire engine and hose companies, through the instrumentality of the Attorney General and the Supreme Court. The act of the 13th of October, 1829, extended this power to the several counties. The acts of 1833 make provision for the association of individuals, through the instrumentality of the Attorney General and the Governor, for the purpose of manufacturing iron from mineral coal.

Iu addition to these acts the general manufacturing law of 1849, and its supplements, provide for the creation of wo lien, cotton, flax, and silk goods, or tor ma king iron, glass, salt, paper, lumber, oil from rosin, mineral paints, artificial slate, and for printing and publishing. lhe commissioners aiready named have recommended the extension of this law to the business of miuinjr coal, and to the minin; and smelting of iron, lead, copper, and other ores, and so to alter its provisions as to render the li ability of the stockholders more extensive. They also recommend the passage of a law giving the courts more general powers on the subject of sell'ms real estate by parties acting in a representative capacity, and another referring all claims against the Commonwealth to the courts These things done, and a more general adminis tration of the law giving the courts the power to change names, to erect boroughs, to incorpo rate bridge and road companies secured, and we shall have a new era iu the legislation of Pennsylvania shall save a large amount of money annually, and prevent many impositions in the shape of hasty legislation based on ex parte statements. These commissioners have also prepared with great care, a general tax law, simplifying the laws as they now stand extending their provisions to certain new subjects of taxation, and altering its features so as the more completely to reach moneys at interest and other personal property. This is a most intricate and important subject, and should be handled with the utmost care.

I have not had the opportunity suf- ucientiy to examine this proposed law, to give an opinion as to its merits but I am clearly of opinion that there is much room to improve the tax system now iu operation. The subject of agriculture has not, it seems to me, received that attention in this State which its exceediug importance would seem to justify. It was the truthful remark of George Wasbing-ton, that there is "no pursuit in which more real or important good can be rendered to a country, than by tho improvement of its agriculture." The art of tilling the soil in such manner as to secure the laigest yield of vegetable matter of which it is capable, and the application of the principles of science to that art, so far as indispensable to the attainment of" this end, is a topic worthy of the attention of the best minds of the State. Agriculture is the primitive as it is the most necessary occupation of man. It was at the beginning of his existence, and it is at the foundation of all his pursuits.

Iu this Commonwealth, it 13 peculiarly adapted to the soil, to the climate, and habits of the people, and constitutes their greatest source of wealth and happiness. It is the agriculturist who pays the largest share of the country's taxes in time of peace, ami furnishes the greatest number of her soldiers in time of war. It is the most steady, peaceful, and dignified, as it is the least exacting of all our great interests. But it is lid by many good citizens that there i3 no utility in the application of the teachings of science to the practice of agriculture. This, iu tay opinion, is an erroneous idea.

In a late repori fvom tho Patent office, at Washington, it is estimate that "one thousand millions of dollars would not than restore to their original richness and btrtT'Sth tho one hundred millions of acres of land iu te United States, which have already been exhausted of their original 1 fertility." A proper application of science would arrest this waste of the elements of the soil. In Europe, this process of exhaustion has long since excited alarm. What it is doing in our country, is sho'wu by the startling facts alreading presented. To counteract its effects in the former country, atout three hundred and fifty agricultural schools have been established in the latter, there are not a dozen. The result of the European schools has demonstrated the practical utility of scientific farming.

These institutions are calculated to teach the art of tilling the soil, and to dis' seminate a scientific knowledge of thi3 great pursuit. To place within the reach of the agriculturist a knowledge of the constituent elements of the soil, and the influence of these up-ou vegetation, enabling him to discover a deficiency in any one of these original parts, and showing him how to restore it without exhausting another to learn him to comprehend the different stimulants for the soil, of mineral, vegetable, animal or liquid origin, and the proportion of each which the lands may from time to time require. They also teach methods of practical farming the use of implements the nature of seeds, and the origin and character of insects destructive to vegetation. What farmer in Pennsylvania can say that he has never made a mistake in the use of manures, that his crops have never bten injured by destructive insects-? And where i3 there one who would not bo willing to contribute something to bo protected against such damage in future But it it ttot bdtvHUshing, that in this progress the best grains and seeds, and the most approved agricultural machinery. But it seems to me, that the government might justly lend her aid ami countenance' to this good work.

Ia Maryland, an agricultural chemist has been emplov- eu oy ine Dtate, ana am informed that the result of his investigations has been highly satisfactory and useful to the people. Cannot the great State of Pennsj lvania do as much for her larmersi She has expended a large sum in the developement of her mineral resources, and has cherished her manufacturers by every proper meaus, unu it is rigut mat sue should now do something for her agriculturists. therefore, respectfully recommend the appointment of an agricultural chemist, with a moderate salary, leaving the details of his duties to be suggested by the State and county societies. The subject of growing wool, in our State, is worthy of special attention. I had the pleasure, at the late State fair, a short time since, oT ex- amingan extensive card of specimens of this article exhibited by Peter A.

Browne, of.Phi- ladelphia. It is said to be the most extensive. interesting and instructive collection in the Uni ted States, or perhaps in the world. No man can examine it and not feel himself eddied by the great practical truths which it is calculated to impart. It demonstrates most conclusively that our Commonwealth is peculiarly adapted to the production of this article, and that in the United States we can raise as fine fleeces as can be produced in the world and finer than in any other country except Saxony.

It appears by the census of 1850 that Pennsylvania has only 6heep that Ohio with a much less territory has that New York has 3,454, 351, and that whilst our consumption of wool in manufactures for 1850 was 7,500,379 our production was only France raises thirtj'-six millions of sheep, and England with less than half the advantages of this country raises forty-six millions This subject is one deserving the attention of the people and the government. I cannot refrain from congratulating you on the evidences of the great prosperity of Pennsyl vania to be found in the census report of 1850. Her relative position to her sister States is tru ly a proud one. Of the four large States her per centage of increase in population, since 1840, is the greatest, and she has, besides excelled the best of her sisters in the production of wheat, rye, iron, and coal. seaboard.

Such a medium of communication would be of inestimable value to Erie, to the intermediate country and to our State metropolis. Our citizens, by neglecting or deferring the construction of this work, may subject themselves to the charge of slighting the beneficence of na ture in not co-operating with her great signs. The trade of the West, and the lakes, may by I 1 1 1 11 1 i uuaucipnia. io tates, and to be suggested by those FSIGHTFUX ACCIDENT ON THE B0ST0ATr itv which should exist between the MAINE KAI1S0AD. 3 rules of cotni States by the public peace and by individual It has usually been tho custom to debty the passage of the appropriation bill until near the do-'close of the My predecessor recom mended a change in this policy, in which recommendation! most heartily concur.

The ordinary purposes of iroveriimeut should be provided business connections which may not be readily severed in the future. Nor are wc to look at these internal advantages alone. Nothing can do more to auguinent the foreign trade of Philadelphia, than a direct avenue to the lakes. Her growing commerce would invite the construction of steamers to convey directly to her own port the merchandize which she would then be called upon to supply to the boundless West. Great as are her natural advantages, no observing man can fail to see, that deprived of the sustaining arm of a foreign commerce, she cannot attain to that distinguished position, as a mart, which nature intended she should occupy.

The right to construct a railroad from Erie to the Ohio state line, parallel with the lake, has- been a subject of controversy in the Legislature for some years. The franklin canal company claimed to have obtained from the State the privilege to construct a railroad on this route, and have proceeded to construct it accor- dingly. The authority of this company to do so has been doubted, and the Attorney General has filed a bill praying for an injunction to restrain the construction and use of said road. So long as this question is pending before the highest judicial tribunal of tho State, it would be unbecoming in an officer of any other branch of the Government to express an opinion touching the questions at issue. I may, however, it seems to me, with propriety suggest, that should the decision of the court not confirm the entire rights claimed by the Franklin canal company, the Legislature should take such action as will bring this valuable privilege completely within the control of the State, and so far as may be, without the excercise of an illiberal or contracted principle, render this important link between the seaboard and the great West, subservient to the interests of the people of Pennsylvania.

Amongst the multitudinous obligations resting on the Government, there i3 none more binding or sacred than that which looks to the education and moral welfare of the people. These great considerations will doubtless receive your anxious care. You will find in the very able and mprehensive report of the Superintendent of Common Schools, many interesting and useful suggestions in referrence to the present condition of our common school system, an the cause of education to all of which I most respectfully ask your early attention. I am deeply-sensible of tho correctness and propriety of the remarks of that officer on the sub- Her population numbers 2,311,780, being an Meet of teachers for the common schools. It is increase Ot almost ot) Per cent.

Since 1840. the rrnatpst nil the. difficulties Kiirr.nnd:nr you wis this means be secured to time, nowever, snouid pe lost in the construction lor early in the session. If there be other ne-of this great highway. Belay may lessen the cessary appropriations, they can be embraced chances of success, whilst it wil'i certainty afford in aimther bill, an I allowed to stand on their opportunity to our rivals to form and cement own Narrow Rtcape of (ien.

Pleree and WlfeIIU Sou Kllle. The fol'owiBg account of the terrH.U heart-rending accident, which occurred near Andovcr, will be read with paiuful inter est by our readers Gen. Pierce and famil were returning from the burial of AninT.7 rence, of Boston, at the time the car uol pt. Coxcobd, Jan. P.

So far as I can learn neither General uor Mrs' Pierce was materially injured. I have seeo tw gentlemen who were iu the car. Mr It u- severely 1 him I the La-iie Ilrtfl- nher writs i sure you, that I shall most eheenuiiy cooperate; w'. ne ia lint KPrimialv i rt i -n va. I Tho 4.iTn Ilaxing thus as possible, mv genth vtew; iien.

civtn vhi. as briefly I i touchinir some ot the suU-f 1 OI uiimanwwu, had his head r.bt hlli flirt fciirrrnAii present session, permit me, in conclosion, to as- "rc "uucti diD at with the General Assembly in the adoption all measures calculated to promote the welfare of our beloved Commonwealth. WM. BIGLER Executive Chambeh, Harrisburg, Jan, 1853 MOMTAH SEBTIIEL. Andrew J.

Xlhey, Editor. EBENSBURG, PA. Thursda)-, January 13, 1853. i wun. exact cause of the accident is not definitely ascertained one of the axlctrees is supposed to have broken some say it was the journal on which the wheel plays.

The car went down tl9 bank with a gyration which caused it to change the direction of the ends. It is a cotcplue The little boy's brains were dashed out When Gen. Pierce took him up, he did not think the poor little fellow was dead until he took oil his cap. Mrs. Pierce and the deceased sou 1ml been absent about four weeks, on a visit to relatives in Boston and Andover.

The accident happened near the latter place. General 1'iercc went to Boston on Tue sJmt niornin- ami uin. them attended the funeral vf Mrs. Pierce's uu- cle, lion. Amos J-iwrcnce, on the same after- Outrageous Conduct.

We are informed by a L3ghl3 honorable gentleman of an outrageous proceeding: on the part 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 oi iue employees oi iue i eima. liau itoan at i i i I Johnstown. It appears that Wm. B. Clark, i oi nerce, a respectable citizen of Johnstown, a short timVi 1 VcS te noon.

Yesterday they remained at Mr. Aiken's since, commenced to build a House near Railroad station and had it nearly completed. While absent, on the 1st inst, a posse of men in the employ of the Central Company, as policemen, armed to the teeth with revolvers and knives, took possession of the house, and have remained ever since, night and da', 1 It a riviiti i u'hiMi rhpv wcpa irk i.t i it.ll UUB- llv 4 i i iuii hi una iue uciucni uappeiiCvl just af ter it Iclt the Andover depot, at about one o'clock. They had not been iu the car five niin. utes.

The little bov was a creat favorite wiih our town neorlc. He was agreeable, kind nn, possess-f t. liin I ir(fit'iiinr in shnnt I l-ivlr rvrnnv nnni ,1., lubAt-soui juuioai ou per cent, since io4j. the greatest ot an the Uinicuities surrou According to this rate of growth her people iu the system, and I most earnestly entreat 1870 will number near 4,000,000. Our debt of if it be practicable, in the exercise of you forty millions is, at this time, a charge cn each inhabitant of a little over eighteen dollars; in 1870, according to this datum, it will but little exceed ten.

The present assessed value of real and personal estate is $197,030,019, showing an increase of eighteen per cent, since 1S10 and according to this rate of growth tip to 1870, it will amount to the sum of $075,973,922. The debt of forty millions was a lien of 8 per cent, onthe assessable property of 1810 on that of 1870 it will be only five per cent and eight mills. Bnt in the census report of 1850 the true value of the property of the State is estimated at on this sum our present debt is lut a fraction over ol per cent. Who can doubt the solvency of such a debtor Her productions of wheat in 1810 was bushels. In 1850, 15,482,191, bing an increase of 17 percent, at which rate her yield will exceed twenty millions of bushels.

The same rate of increase is apparent in rye, corn, oats, barley, buckwheat and live stock. The census of 1840 shows a production for that year of 98,395 tons of pig metal that of 1850, is 285,702, or an iucreasc of 190 per cent. At this rate the yield of 1870 would be 1,371,370 tons. Wrought iron in 1S10 amounted to tons in 1850 it is 182,500 tons. On this datum the production of 1870 would be 580,309 tons.

Our woolen manufactures for 1810 wcre valued at 2,319,101 dollars, and for 1850 at $5,321, 800, showing a gain in ten years of 129 per and the enormous yield by 1870 of $13,738,404. In cotton goods the increase has been about 0 per cent, which ratio of growth up to 1870 would show a production of about 6ix millions of dollars. The whole amount of anthracite coal mined and taken to market in 1810 was 807,000 tons. In 1852 the product will reach near five millions of tons, being an increase in twelve years of 000 per cent. This rate of augmentation up to 1870 would give the startling production of over forty -five millions of tons, and yielding at the present Philadelphia prices, the sum of one hundred and eighty millions of dollars, being more than treble the present revenues of the whole United States This is a most gratifying picture, 'and goes far to prove what 1 have for some time believed, that before the close of the present century Pennsylvania, in point of wealth and real great ness will stand in auvar.ee of all her Sister States.

There are yet a few public enterprises to be consumated to render her triumph complete. lhe INorth Branch canal must be finished. The Allegheny mountaius must be passed without the use of inclined planes, ami our metropolis must be connected with the lakes, by means of a railroad. The trade of the State ia only second in im portance to her agricultural and mineral wealth. Nature has assigned to Pennsylvania a most ad vantageous position for external trade.

Con nected with the Atlantic, the lakes and the western waters, au extending on both sides of tho Alleghcnies, sho forms the great link between the East and the West. The only obstacle to an artificial Union of the great natural highways by which she is environed, is thi3 interposing chain of mountains, which cutting transversely across our territory, divides the tributary wa ters of the Ohio and the lakes from those of the But this mountainous range, we shoulJ rejoice to know, upon close examination, is found to present no insuperable impediment. It is to be crossed, within a short period by two railroads ot" reasonable gradients. The west will then commrinicate with the East without interruption from these mountain barriers. But the railroad to Pittsburg should not finish our internal connections.

In addition to the railroad3 up the valleys of the Susquehanna and the Schuylkill, now in progress of rapid construction, the best interests of Pennsylvania require a railway to Erie. We need the shortest and best line of communication between the lakes and the Atlantic at Philadelphia. The considerations in favor of such an improvement are too numerous to be given in this document. The advantage which it would possess in distance in light grades ia uniformity of guagc, when tested by the laws of trade, renders its superiority over any other avenue which now exists or that can hereafter be constructed between the Atlantic and the lakes, a fixed fact. The harbor at Erie is regarded by competent engineers as the best on the lakes, and from no other point can so short a line be made to th dom.

to adopt some mode of Kiipplviiif this do- 4 i i rri .1 1 a1 I. l. iicicncj. iui're are many oiuer ueiecis wuicu will claim your consideration, but this is of preeminent importance. The general law should be made plain and simple, so that the most ordinary mind could adniinisrcr its provisions; as it the questions and decisions touching the meaning of the law, have become more voluminous than the law itself.

For information in reference to the military affairs of the State, I respectfully refer you to the able and highly interesting report of the Adjutant General. I regret to learn, a3 I have done by this document, that this brnnch of the public service is not in a very flourishing condition. The report contains many highly important suggestions and recomn endations, some of which are so obviously correct that they cannot fail to receive your favorable consideration. In conformity with a resolution of the General Assembly, passed on the 24th day of February last, Albert G. Waterman, of Philadelphia, and myself, attended a convention of de-lagates from the thirteen original States, at In dependence Hall, in Philadelphia, convened on the 4 th day of July last, for the purpose of taking into consideration the subject of erecting a monument in Independence Square, to commemorate tlu event of the Declaration of Independence.

Delegates were in attendance from the States of Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, Delaware, 3eorgia, and Pennsylvania. The subject was favorably regarded by the conven tion, and an able address to the people oi the thirteen original States was prepared and signed by the delegates, presenting a comprehensive view of the considerations in favor of this most noble design, and suggesting a practical mode of carrying it into execution. A copy of this address, together with all the other proceedings of the Convention, I shall cause to be commuuicated to both branches of the Legislature. It would be difficult to conceive a more interesting idea, or one to congenial to the feelings of the people, or more consistent with a just spirit of national pride, than the commemoration by some visible and imperishable sign, of the great event that distinguished the dawn of American freedom. The propriety of this design will not I am sure, be doubted by the Le gislature or the people, and I shall not therefore trouble you with any further suggestions iu its favor.

It is proposed to rtrise the means to construct the monument from the States in their sovereign capacities, and to make no expenditures until the whole amount of money shall have been secured. According to the estimates of the committee appointed by the convention on that subject, Pennsylvania's share of this expenditure would amount to between fifteen aud twenty thousand dollars. 1 respectfully recommend the adoption of such measures as will indicate the willingness of this State to do her" part, whenever her sisier States shall have given ft fcimilar intimation, and to take such other preliminary steps as may seem proper and right. I desire to call your attention to the condi tionof the public grounds surrounding the State Arsenal. It has occurred to me that this eligible spot should be enclosed with a good fence, be planted with shade trees, and otherwise improved.

As at present exposed it makes rather a barren and cheerless space between the town and the capitol. If properly enclosed and beautified, it will add much to the appearance of both. A due respect for the memory of the generous donor of this valuable piece of ground, not less than a just regard for the appearance of the seat of government, would seem to require its proper improvement. I respectfully commend this subject to your favorable consideration. Recent difficulties in a neighboring State have uicro-estcd the existence of a deficiency in our State laws, in reference to the conveyance of nersons held to involuntary servitude, from one State to another.

Tho Pennsylvania statute of 1780 gave all persons passing through or sojourning in the State for a brief period the right to hold their domestic slaves. act of 1847 repealed this provision, and the repealing sections of last session did not reinstate it. therefore respectfully recommend that provision be made for the transit of these domestics thro' lb limits of this Common wealth. Such a law else who may attempt to disturb them! Mr. C.

unable, and unwilling to law with this enormou corporation, will have to lose his property, an be swindled out of it. Have we no laws to protect the weak against the encroachments and outrages of the strong? Have men no rights when such rights are said to conflict with the interests of the Central Railroad compaiiy Do we live in a community where acts of violence like the above, can be committed, even by this corporation, and not receive the unqualified condemnation of all good citizens? We hope not. The action of the railroad ofiicials is unpardonable, grossly wrong, ind admits of no excuse. It is high time that a crusade, by the press, be commenced against the high preten sions of this giant monopoly. Unless everything exactly suits their the people must suffer.

Out upon such such grasping ambition. The President and Directors blioul 1 look to the conduct of their agents; we hope they do not counteuance lawless violence 3 this transaction indicates. A day of retribution will come to all offenders, and sooner, perhaps, than expected. i. li' ..11 Ti 1 ii iit-ii abiifi iue oiuer uuy, cu.

icimv, uovr do you expect to like living in the White House?" 'li lie replied, "I don't know about going thereto live at all. I would rather go out to live on a farm." He was four or five years in advance of i most boys of his age in his intellectual acquirements. There is a 6ad gloom here to-night oc casioned ly Jus loss. The body of the boy has been taken to Mr. Aikens' house, I learn.

Andover is about fifty miles from Concord, and twenty from Boston. The morning was very cold the thermometer pointing at zero and the accident was doubtless owing to the frost iu the iron works of the ill-fa. ted car. another despatch. Coxcokd, Jan.

9 P. M. Considerable apprehension is felt here lest this melancholy casualty may prove serious in its consequences to Mrs. Pierce. She heea for several years in delicate health caused partly by the loss of her first child.

The boy killed to-day was almost idolized by his mother anl father. The announcement of the accid t.r, 'nt 4 o'clock, caused great excitement in the House. A member came in and stated that General Pierce himself was dead. The floor and galleries were crowded, the charge of bribery against Judge Butler being under consideration. TL Governor, Council, and most of the Senators were present.

Instantly every member was oa his feet, and exclamations of regret were heurl from every quarter. The veteran Ichnbod Bartlett, of Portsnicuib, the oldest member, a political opponent, 1iit strong personal fi iei'd of General Pierce, wn ol3rt-ii to wuop like, a child. Others wer much aflected. The House adjourned ly, and the members rushed to the hotel and tel- ariiicty since. -past 1-iglit clock, 1.

lhe everurg train has just arrived. The corpse of ycuuij Pierce was taken to the Andover Almshouse, ne ir which the accident happened. General and Mrs. Pierce went back to Mr. Aikin's.

It is thought that neither he nor lis lady are seriously injured, though both wer somewhat bruised. little irirl of Mr. Newall. of The Message Of Governor Bigler present? in a clear, statesman-like style a history of the affairs of the State. It occupies much of our paper, and we commend it to general perusal.

We are favor to Governor for a copy of the message sent in advance of its reading in the Legis'a-ture, to every editor in the State; a custjui whicit we hope will be continued. Cambria County. The report of the Auditor General on the finances of the State, for the fiscal year ending November 30, 1852, shows that Cambria has con-j eVraph oiheo, and the most intense tributed the following amount. A copy of the obtain particulars has prevailed ever report has been sent us by Tuos. Collins, Eight o'clock, P.

M. from which we extract Tax on Real and Personal estate, Tavern Licenses, Retailers' Licenses, Distillery and Brewery Licenses Pedlcrs' Licenses, Ten-Pin Alley Licenses, Eating House and Restaurant Licenses Patent Medicine Licenses, Tax cn Writs, Wills, Deeds, $3,238 482 085 4 80 38 103 01 58 ou 75 75 00 55 5 'lor fot crushed, and it must be amputated. 18 Mrs. Newall was badly injured. One mau be- Total, $5,088 08 The receipts by Cambria county, from the State Treasury, for the same period, were as follows Pensions and $100 00 Common Schools, 1302 01 Total, $1102 Oi The Valuation of Real and Personal estate in Cambria county, as determined by the Revenue Commissioners, is $1,003,185 Tax assessed, $3,450 Taxables 3,075 Population in 1850, 17,773.

EQf Hereafter, every train of cars leaving Pittsburg aud Philadelphia, will stop at Jeffer son, as that town has beeu made a fetation. A loimins to Andover or Lawrence will die. Mr. Horace Childs, bridge builder, of Hcnnikcr, wus badly, but not seriously bruised. Anothe man's leg was badly fractured.

Another had both legs broken. Several women were severe ly bruised. The car was nearly filled with passengers. General Tierce, lady and son, were seated four or five seats from the forward end of the car. The boy was struck on the forehead by a fragment of the framework.

The car is said to have been broken rear tho middle. The baggage car in front was riot thrown off. A brakemen stood on the end of it, and witnessed the accident unharmed. An extra train will go up over the Central Rail road to Manchester, Hmiiker, and II ills -borouch. to convey Mr.

Childs' and Mr. New- passenger hack leaves that point every morning 'all's families. The latter are not related to Gen. tor Lueusburg, by the Plank Ucad. We regret to learn that John McCoy, Esq.

of Summerhiil township, was thrown from his horse against a tree, on Suuday, near the Summit, and had his thigh-bone fractured. Pierce, although residents of Hillsborough, his native town. Jan. 7. A messenger who arrived at the Journal office this morning from Andover, reports that the lady of Gen.

Pierce is much more resigned to the sad calamity, and the fears tfS" An accouut of the terrible accident near I which existed that she might not be able to bear Andver, by which the sou of Gen. Piirce, up under it are now removed, a bright boy of ten years of age, has been sud-j The fatal blow by which her son was killed denly removed to that mysterious hereafter, will struck him on the foiehead, and was so violent be found in another column. He was an only as to remove the upper portion of his head, lea-and an idolized" boy, and the suddenness of this ving a portion of the brain exyosed, His face, catastrophe at a timehen the boy was full of with the exception of a spot near the right eye, hope and enthusiasm the recent elevation of is uninjured. the father to the Presidency the strong domestic affections of the parents make the melan choly occurrence exceedingly painful. There is universal sympathy for the afflicted parents.

On Tuesday, R. M. Riddle, Whig, was elected Mayor of Pittsburg; the vote being for Riddle, 18S3; Jno. Guthrie, 1505. Gen.

Pierce appeared quite comfortable when the informant left. BLAIUCOVXTY AFFAIRS, From the Hollidaysburg Standard thi (week, we cut the following paragraphs Shocking Death. Yesterday morning, about 8 o'clock, an elderly Irishman named Flanigen Until Tuesday evening, the weather was I nn employee on the Portage Road, while enga-warm and pleasant, Indian Summer-like, but, pej in tnrtiinsr a switch, near the 'Mountain since then, a chance has come over the spirit House, slipped and fell upon the track, and an of its dreams," and the show i3 falling thick and entire train of cars passed over him the wheels blasts' whistle which eomrdetelv cut him in two He was fast, while the "rude northern round the house corners. Tho snow is about eight inches deep, and tli3 merry jingle of the sleigh-bella is once more heard. 55 Let there be a larpje attendance at the Plank Road meeting in Ebensburg on Thursday next.

The sou tions of the county will be mutually lrletelv nn honest, industrious man, and we believe leaves a wife and family who were dependent upon his exertions for support. M.Aticiors Misciiif-r. On Sunday nicht soma evil disposed person, turned the switch on the them, eastern and northern por-1 railroad, at the foot of Tlane 5, by which tha uity, are equally interested, and Express train was thrown off the track. benefitted iu its construction. I satisfied with this piece of villiany, the same Reslgnatlou of Col.

Klug Hon. William R. King, Vice President elect and United States Senator from Alabama, has resigned the latter office in consequeuce. of continued ill health and his inability to attend to iU duties. It is stated that he cannot possibly recover.

The latest news of his condition is, that his physician has souuded his lungs with the stethoscope and declared that oue of his lungs is entirely gone, and the other partly so. We hope this may prove incorrect, and his health be again so far restored as to enable him to enter upon the duties which the people have delegated to him after the fourth of March, sceui6 to be contemplated by the constitution nennn (t is snnnosrdl threw a stone througa a window of one of the which grazed tba head of Capt. Wynne and came within an ace of hitting a lady. We hardly know what punishment should be meted out to a scoundrel who would be guilty of such a diabolical deed. Ovr.RrLow.

A body of water, dammed up in i. ii one ot Mr. Lemon coai Dans, i mu burft through the dam on Thursday last, anu 1- IM ilan came roaring liKe a tornauo uuu The torrent carried away one man's spring house, toother with all his winter's meat. ThpJST. ww os strnnirlv imnretrnated with suit it killed large quantities of fish the ing literally fillet "rita flwmuc for f-'V.