Standard-Speaker from Hazleton, Pennsylvania • Page 16

1 6 Hazleton Standard-Speaker, Monday, November 23, 1970 Peace in Our Generation rV I John Chamberlain 4 i' a HAZLETON Standard Speaker i to 3 Australia, Japan: 1' New Partnership Continuing the STANDARD-SENTINEL, Established 1866 and THE PLAIN SPEAKER, Established 1883 Published Dally Except Sundays and Holidays by Hazleton Standard-Speaker, 21 North Wyoming Street, Hazleton, Pa. 1820X Telephone 455-3636 Frank Walscr, President and Publisher Frank H. Walser, Assistant Publisher Paul N. Walser, Public Relations Director William D. Morgan, Mannglng Editor Harry J.

Sandroek, Advertising Director Dominlo A. Antonelll, Day Editor J. E. Barnes, Circulation Manager Jerry Gallagher, Night Editor Member Audit Bureau ot Circulation General advertising representative: Bottlnelll Gnllagher, 12 East 41st Street, New York City: 549 West Randolph Street, Chicago, 111.: 501 Liberty Trust Building, Broad Arch Streets, Philadelphia, Tark Avenue Building, Detroit, Michigan; 345 Fourth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa. Member ot The Associated Presa The Associated Press Is entitled to the use for republication of all the local news printed In this newspaper, as well as all AP new dlspatchei.

N-63 Wise men say nothing in dangerous times. The Young Political Volunteers tronic equipment and great mer. chant ships and oil tankers would be impossible without the Aus-tralian mines. But this isn't all. Suddenly, almost out of nowhere, the Australians have hit upon tremen.

dous desposits of bauxite, the raw material for aluminum pro. duction. The Australian supply is reckoned at approximately 30 per cent of the world's commercial bauxite reserves. New refineries are being built as fast as capital can be mobilized to put them up. Some day the Japanese will need their own atomic defenses.

This, of course, will require uranium. It so happens that the Australians have made a huge uranium strike-fifty-five thou-sand tons of proven ore in Am-ham Land, a bush country where the aborigines still hunt kangaroos with spears. The resident geologist who shows visitors to the Arnham Land uranium site happens to be a Japanese, Mr. Shigeo Okuda of Tokyo. Uranium is necessary to provide the fuel for atomic power, which is what both Japan and Australia need to make up for deficiencies in water power.

But it also spells safety in a Pacific world power that will, some day, be faced with the menace of Red Chinese nuclear missiles. Australia always did have gold, which is now diminishing. As the gold peters out, the discoveries of copper, tin, tungsten, zinc, manganese and rutile (for titanium), all of use to Japan as well as Australia, are on the increase. Even more important to the Australians are the recent oil strikes. The big offshore gushers in the Bass Strait south of Melbourne, when added to the older Moonie field near Brisbane, will enable Australia to meet 67 per cent of its requirements of 520,000 barrels per day by 1971.

In short, Australia has become the treasure trove of the Pacific world. Wtih only 12,000,000 people, it lacks a big domestic mar-ket. But until the population quadruples it can grow rich on feeding the Japanese economy. Together the Japanese and Australians can rule the Pacific in peaceful embrace, a strange irony when one thinks back to 1941-42, when all of Australia was trembling lest the Japanese come not as buyers but as conquerers. MELBOURNE, Australia-One lands at Qantas Airways' new Tullamarine Jetport here with the idea that America has been substituted for Britain as the big supporter of Australia's freedom in the South Pacific.

And it is true that the Australians count at least for the short run on the U.S. Navy. But, after talking with industrial development people in Melbourne, which remains the financial capital of the country, one goes away with an entirely new perspective. The axis, if not dead, is visibly dying. The new power reality in the Pacific is the Australian-Japanese economic axis, which has been growing in strength like the bay tree even as the U.S.

is lowering its "profile" in Southeast Asia. The American "futurist," Herman Kahn of the Hudson Institute, has recently predicted that Japan will be the Number One world power by 2,000 A.D. Robert Guillain, the French correspondent for Le Monde in Tokyo, more or less concurs. But if Japan is to make it, the close cultivation of the Australian-Japanese axis is necessary. Item One: the Japanese have been building the best steel plants in the world, plants on "made land" in the Inland Sea with their "feet in the water" so that they can bring in the raw materials the iron ore and the coking coal from abroad without railroad transshipment.

What feeds the new Japanese steel mills? It is iron from the newly opened Western Australian mines. In 1965 Australian iron production was a minuscule seven million tons of ore, most of which was used domestically. But in 1970 the new Western Australia mines at Mount Tom Price, Mount Newman and Mount Goldsworthy, together with the older mines in South Australia and elsewhere, produced fifty-three million tons of ore. Forty-four million tons will have gone to Japan by the year's end. And the coking coal exports to Japan have kept pace with the iron ore exports.

Without their Australian source of ore and coal there would be no Japanese steel boom. The fantastic outpouring of Toyote automobiles, Sony elec Bruce IiiossatIn Washington students, students at New York City commuter colleges who live at home and hold part-time jobs to help finance their education rushed to do the chores at Buckley headquarters. Upstate, it was the students from universities that had seen widespread disruption, Cornell and Buffalo. Dissatisfied with radicals, they found in Buckley a man they can trust, and helped elect him in a three-way campaign. Both groups are counting the days to the presidential election "it's only 730 days until 1972" they remind each other, and they are already planning their work for President Nixon or for his opponent.

They are dividing just like their elders on ideological grounds. The young are not all left liberals, as one would think from the way they flocked to Eugene McCarthy's banner in the 1968 campaign. They will give the next election color and enthusiasm, the spirit of youth. The young concerned had a trial run in the recent election, with varying results. The most amazing thing about them was that they were not all seeking to establish a national liberal-left base for, the New Politics.

They were selective in their choice of candidates to support. For instance, they rushed to give Graig Barnes, 34, the muscle he put into his campaign for the Democratic nomination for the Congress seat occupied by Rep. Byron Rogers in the first Colorado District, Denver. Barnes won the nomination in the primary on the issues of peace and new national priorities. But in the general election, he lost to Republican Mike McDevitte, the Denver district attorney, an antibus, law and order candidate.

In the New York senatorial election, the youth brigade went for James L. Buckley, the Conservative candidate. High School Jk 'Sesame Street7 Really Works GJ Recession Heart Attacks vate foundations. But the principal "somebody" seems to be Mrs. Joan Ganz Cooney, who heads the Children's Television Workshop which puts out "Sesame Street." Before she undertook this remarkable milestone innovation in education, Mrs.

Cooney, on behalf of the Carnegie Corporation, studied a long time to determine the best techniques for teaching preschoolers. Nor were she and her helpers content to rest on their original assumptions. In the light of actual programming experience, they revised some things as they went along last year. So, you moaners and groan-ers, you "street people" who say all is hopeless, you assaulters of the "system" in the abstract, what is all this nonsense that nothing can be mads to work in America unless we start from bombed flat scratch? What we need, clearly, is a stadium full of Joan Ganz Coo-neys. Out there on the critical fringes there are supposed to be a devil of a lot of very bright people.

Any volunteres for real work? that could better be given to other activities," said the testers' report. "Like what?" is a fair question for such teachers, in the light of the program's demonstrated value. It sounds as if some teachers are simply annoyed at evidence a crucial stage of the learning process can go on without much help from them. The overriding significance of "Sesame Street" is that it displays forcefully what can be accomplished when high intelligence is applied with great, painstaking concentration to an immensely difficult problem, i The woods are full of people who are bemoaning the low average quality of American education, the wide disparities in it, the special handicaps of the disadvantaged which tend to lock them into a vicious circle, etc. Well, here we have somebody doing something real and workable about all this.

Obvi-iously, many people are involved, and the modest sums of money required come both from federal agencies and pri stresses caused by economic uncertainties unemployment, loss of a second income and less overtime pay. His findings are certain to cause controversy, as they are original and far-reaching. Brenner expects to find similar relations to other illnesses and the nation's economy. He is studying these under a grant from the U.S. Department of Labor.

Especially, he is looking into diseases believed to be related to stress such as ulcers and asthma. All these suggest that the cost of the nation of periodic economic downturns may be more expensive that people think, in terms of the illnesses it triggers. Unchecked fluctuations in the economy may be a bad investment, quite apart from the unnecessary human suffering, a study of heart attacks during recessions since 1900 indicates. Dr. M.

Harvey Breener, a specialist in public health research and sociology, found strong statistical evidence linking increases in heart deaths to the country's economic recessions. Economic downturns are associated with increased mortality from heart disease," Dr. Brenner said, "and conversely, heart disease mortality decreases during economic upturns." He blamed the increased heart attack deaths during recession on the Don Oakley Depression But U.S. Survives Foster Homes for Alcoholics WASHINGTON Street" is an educational television program for 3- to 5-year-old youngsters, but what it has done and what it promises are important to all of us. It uses puppets, cartoons, all manner of simple but appealing visual devices to assist the fundamental learning process.

It employs numbers, letters, forms and shapes, the relationships of amounts, size and distance, elemental information about the human body. Tributes to its success are numerous many awards, the launching of a second year of programming, its developing export to 26 foreign countries, its planned expansion into the 7- to 10-age bracket in the 1971-72 season. The really big thing is that professional testing shows it is working. By midseason last year it was reaching an audience of six to seven million viewers, most of them disadvantaged children in the nation's inner cities which are the principal targets. More vital still, the skilled evaluation showed that children who watched "Sesame Street" learned more than those who did not and this was true for the inner-city disadvantaged, for advantaged suburban children, for those isolated in rural areas, even for those whose first language is not English.

Those who watched the show the most made the best gains, to the point where the disadvantaged who watched frequently achieved progress surpassing that of middle-class children who watched infrequently. And interestingly, impressionable three-year-olds (made better gains than older youngsters. Children who watched most and thus learned the most tended to have mothers who watched the show with them and often discussed it with them. A high proportion of young viewers watched "Sesame Street" at home, but some got to see it as part of their classroom study. The testers, hence, inevitably asked teachers what they thought about it.

Many admired its effectiveness, but some questioned its appropriateness for classroom use. Certain teachers "felt strongly that the show took up valuable time Lawrence E. Lamb, M. D. Case of the Blushing Colon: Bowels-The Story They Tell homes in the inner city, willing to take two or three men.

It will use the veterans benefits to which these men are entitled, since city funds have dried up. A survey found that one-third are eligible for veterans benefits and an "Old Soldiers Home" was set aside at the rehabilitation center for them. The foster home idea is a novel one for the treatment of alcoholics, If they can keep the patients as long as necessary to rehabilitate, counsel and place them, they will be doing the alcoholics a good service, and being paid for it at the same time. It is an idea worth watching for adoption elsewhere if it is successful. John Selden.

Should the fiscal-affairs-only restrictions have been removed? Interestingly, in the short years since that first fiscal-affairs-only session in 1960, lawmakers, students of government and politicians in general become more and more convinced that it was a somewhat shortsighted mistake to have specified fiscal-affairs-only in the constitutional amendment for even year gatherings. In the interim both the executive branch and the legislative branch found the need for consideration of general affairs during even-year sessions. The 1964 session is a good illustration of the point, when it was necessary for the Governor to convene lawmakers in special session because of the affairs-only limitation of that gathering. Or, to doubly emphasize the point one need only recall the 1966 fiscal-affairs-only (regular) session when then Governor Scran-ton called a record-breaking three special sessions that year to consider "general" legislation, in addition to the regular fiscal session of 1966! Thus the 1971 legislative session perhaps has more significance than most realize. For lack of adequate treatment, Washington, D.C., lost 105 alcoholics by death in the last two years.

Determined not to sacrifice any this winter, it has developed an ambitious program despite cuts in the city's budget which have reduced funds for its human resources work. A detoxification center has been handicapped by a a cutback of 30, two-thirds of its staff. The city treats about 850 alcholics, an estimated one-tenth of those in the District, at the detoxification center, a rehabilitation center and three half way houses. It has developed a fourth facility, foster Kidnaped General's Return Ecuador's firm stand against the kidnaping of its air force commander, Gen. Cesar Rohon Sandoval, paid off.

The country was placed under martial law and 14,000 troops launched a nationwide search. Rohan returned within five days of his abduction. Charles and the Gap Prince Charles believes that parents who have forgotten their youth and have outgrown the youthful way of thinking, are responsible for the generation gap. Some 5,000 of Britain's top businessmen took the rebuke smiling. Mason DenisonThe Pennsylvania Story New Session: Hamstrung by the Past Thousands of young people wandering aimlessly about the country troops dispersing angry citizens who had marched on Washington police and vigilantes viciously attacking dem-instrators a judge dragged from his courtroom, beaten and nearly lynched the nation's farmland ruined, with tens of thousands of families displaced and starving Is this a picture of America in the 1980s when, as many warn us, our social and environmental problems will overwhelm us and plunge us into revolution and chaos? Indeed not.

This was America in the 1930s in the depths of the Great Depression. The wandering youths were only part of the vast army of the unemployed, estimated at some 16 million at its worst, or possibly every third worker. The marchers on Washington were World War I veterans demanding long-delayed bonuses. The vigilantes appeared and America's cherished civil liberties disappeared during strikes on the San Francisco waterfront and in California's lush fruit and vegetable valleys. The judge was nearly lynched in Le Mars, Iowa, by debt-ridden farmers whose mortgages were being foreclosed.

The runined farmland was in the great Dust Bowl, victim both of misuse of the land and a prolonged drought which added to all the other woes of a nation hanging on the edge of economic and spiritual disintegration. The story of the Stock Market Crash and the Great Depression has been told in absorbing detail in a recent book, "A Nation in Torment," by Edward Robb Ellis. For 35 years a reporter and feature writer for wire services, Scripps-Howard and various newspapers, Ellis calls the Depression the nation's worst crisis, its most rending trauma since the Civil War. His book almost proves that understatement. The crisis from 1861 to 1865 saw a nation split into two geographical halves warring against each other.

But the crisis from 1929 to 1943, when war production absorbed the last of the Depression unemployed, saw a nation shattered from top to stunned, beaten down in torment; its Gross National Product plummeting from $80 billion to $40 billion to bring its economic system close to collapse, and with it, its system of democratic government Even for those who lived through the Depression, "A Nation in Torment" tells an un believable story of heart-rendinjf personal and national tragedy of breadlines and apple sellers and Okies, of fantastic panaceas like Technocracy and the Town-send Plan, of demagogues like Father Coughlin and Huey Long (whom Ellis calls "America's first genuine of the New Deal and NRA and WPA and CCC, of a single dust storm blowing 50 million tons of topsoil from the prairies into the Atlantic, of panic-stricken bankers pleading with Franklin D. Roosevelt to take them over and of these same men later catigat-ing FDR as a Fascist andor Communist. For those who were fortunate enough not to have had to live through it, especially those who think things are so bad we need a revolution today, the story of the Depression should be required reading. "A successful revolution is one in which power shifts from one group to another," writes Ellis. "The New Deal brought about a social revolution, for power shift-ed from Wall Street to Washing, ton, from capitalists to other classes of Americans.

But for the most part it was a peaceful and bloodless revolution. "President Hoover used the Army to drive the bonus army from the center of Washington, several governors called out the National Guard to deal with disorders in their home states, but President Roosevelt never employed military might against Americans. And never did Roosevelt become a dictator "The New Deal changed, but never destroyed, the basic structure of our economic and political systems. Roosevelt saved capitalism despite capitalists." It was also a revolution in that for the first time in American history the federal government assumed responsibility for so. cial and economic planning and for the welfare of its citizens.

And a strange thing: Through it all, through all the misery and suffering, despite the mmV terings about revolution, no one took out his anger on the poor old flag or wrote off the Ameri-can dream as a failure, as so many of us seem so ready to do today. The social reforms begun during the Depression remain un-finished business, compounded by new crises unique to our own time. But while looking ahead to what remains yet to be done, Americans owe it to themselves to look back on some of the darkest days in the national history to appreciate how far they have come since then in freedom, democracy and justice. Many readers have asked questions about constipation and bowel problems. Bowel problems seem to be universal, lending some credence to the concept that there are three ages of man sex, money and bowels-4n that order.

Bowel function is markedly affected by emotional patterns as well as physical and eating habits. The bowel affair begins as soon as the newborn baby arrives with a loud noise at one end and no responsibility at the other. No one is an exception. The baby learns quickly which actions bring attention and has a remarkable ability to sense his parents' reaction. Soiled diapars lead to handling and attention.

The baby learns if the parents resent giving him this attention or not. 3) 1970 ly NEA, Then comes the time for stool training and the interaction between child and parents becomes more complex. The child senses whether his parents are pleased or unhappy with his performance and now has a new way to manipulate them. An anxious mother stands by her offspring urging, "Do it for mommy," and whether junior does it or not may depend on whether he wants to reward or punish her. The child who retains his stool, refusing to reward his parents, is said by some psychiatrists to be an "anal retentive" and will tend to collect and retain even in adult life.

The large instestine or colon is one of the most sensitive of human organs. It blushes and pales in response to our emotions. Pain, suggestion of pain, discussing unpleasant subjects or fear cause the wall of the colon to blanch as blood vessels in its wall constrict. The smell of food or eating causes the colon to redden or blush from increased blood flow. Anger, hostility or resentment and guilt cause increased action of the colon and the glands in the walls poar out increased amounts of mucus.

If the colon were exposed to view, few of us would be able to hide our response to life's situations. All other factors being normal, diarrhea, constipation and mucus tell a story. Dear Dr. Lamb At what time is a girl most likely to become pregnant before or after her period? Dear Reader A girl is most likely to get pregnant right after intercourse. Particularly if this is 14 days before the time for the next period.

This is the time the ova is released and is why a regular menstrual cycle permits a girl to estimate when she is most susceptible to get-ing pregnant. If the menstrual periods are irregular, you can't esitimate from them when the ova is released and ready to be fertilized. So the answer usually about halfway between regular periods. BERRY'S WORLD nnt that the Keysone State's legislative branch embarked upon an every-other-year biennial session pattern. It continued on this every-other-year meeting routine until 1960 when, following approval by Pennsylvania voters in 1959 of a constitutional amendment decreeing annual sessions, it reverted back to the annual schedule.

However in this reversion there was a striking difference between 1776 and 1960. The constitutional amendment that was approved in 1959 specifically stated that even-year sessions could be fiscal-affairs-only sessions no consideration of general legislative matters as permitted in odd-year gatherings. This was the pattern that held firm for a half-dozen years. In 1967, that pattern was changed however when Pennsylvania's electorate approved deletion of the fiscal-affairs-only specification for even-years, permitting "general" sessions every year. Thus when the Legislature convened in 1968 minus the fis-cay affairs restrictions for the first time it was right back where it was nearly two centuries ago: anuual sessions without HARRISBURG When Pennsylvania's new lawmakers launch their 1971 session, they will do so under somewhat unusual and interesting circumstances.

In effect they are the "victims" of a throw-back to nearly two centuries when Pennsylvania was operating under its first State Constitution that of 1776. Under that State Constitution of 1776, Pennsylvania's Legislature (such as it was) convened on an annual basis, which is precisely what the legislative branch of more contemporary note has been doing since I960. However there is a difference between the "contemporary" convening schedule and that of nearly two centuries ago. In those days long ago the annual sessions were what are loosely referred to today as "general" sessions meaning that any type of legislation could be considered, fiscal or otherwise. Yet when Legislative greats gather around the legislative festive board here to open their 1971 session, they too will be on the same schedule but for only the fourth time under the present State Constitution of 1874.

It was with the adoption of the present constitutional tome "Historical Marker. This is the site of the creation of the first historical marker.