Brady Vindicator from Brady, Nebraska • 4

I i THE VINDICATOR BEADY NEB THUESDAY DEO 5 1940 3 a ILOSS BY FIRES GREAT ON FARMS 77 And Thus Ci VJhs ThaO -YaSanha Bull) CEiSctf ofi Siouii Pied77 Motorists Warned to Drive With Care As Winter Ice Raises Traffic Hazards Fires Are Preventable Expert Asserts I ik 1 I Mil vfe 1 V' 'f 4 VVpV'VVVVVVN By PROF RODGERS (Agricultural Engineering Department Uni-j versity Idaho) Loss from rural fires averages $400 every minute of the day a loss! the village home owner or farmer might reduce by his own efforts The farmer in particular he points 'out must be his own building in-j I spector zoning officer and in an emergency his own fireman and fire chief If he does a good job in each case he can do much toward reduc-j ing an annual rural fire loss of about $225000000 When possible farm buildings should be in line at right angles to prevailing winds With this arrangement there is less danger of sparks being carried from one to another Roofs of majori buildings should be of fire resistant 'material Chimneys may be cleaned I of soot using a few bricks or rocks' in a sack at the end of a long rope Furnaces stoves and to vet pipes properly installed and inspect' ed regularly reduce a common cause of fire A system of grounded conductors gives protection against lightning! Carelessness in handling lamps and lanterns in disposing of ashes in storing and handling gasoline and -kerosene and in allowing rubbish to accumulate where it becomes a fire hazard accounts for many farm 'fires The Engineers report that i many serious rural fires have been because ladders were at and water or fire extinguishers were readily available This is a 1 safety measure that is always highly the Michigan State Highway dummy meets a fate in front of a skidding automobile but the real jaywalker hops to safety Michigan highway officials and the National Safety council co-operated in conducting winter driving tests on frozen Lake Cadillac Michigan CHICAGO: Remembering last fall down the front steps the average person probably will tell you that ice is ice and that always slippery be right but more to it than that Ice is much more slippery when wet than when dry at least so far as automobile tires are concerned This was the most striking fact brought out by Ralph A Moyer associate professor of highway engineering at Iowa State college and chairman of the National Safety special committee on winter driving hazards The annual report was presented before 10000 persons at the National Safety Congress last fall All phases of accident prevention were studied at the Congress The report is based on the most exhaustive skidding tests ever conducted For two weeks last February automobiles were sent spinning over the frozen surface of Lake Cadillac Michigan in an effort to gather information which would protect motorists from the hazards of winter driving Cars were driven over the smooth ice under many different conditions to determine the effect on driving safety v- Thawing Ice Slipperier It was found that ice is somewhat sticky at near-zero temperatures But above 20 degrees and when the sun comes out beware Brakes are only half as effective on thawing ice acceleration is reduced 70 per cent and the maximum speed on curves is 50 per cent lower Winter presents a tough problem for traffic safety experts Traffic death rates go up in all sections of the country as the mercury goes down Traffic death rates in winter are about 40 per cent higher than summer rates in the northern half of the country and about 20 per cent in the southern half The chief reason of course is skidding on snow or ice covered roads Skidding is involved in only 1 per cent of the accidents on dry roads but on wet roads the figure is as high as 27 per cent and on snowy or icy roads up to 50 per cent The second most important rea- By ELMO SCOTT WATSON (Released by Western Newspaper Union) THE scene was Soldier Field on lake front but on this particular occasion that huge stadium had been temporarily transformed into the We sat in the shade of a dressing tent a little distance away from the while all around us surged and eddied the multifarious activities of the greatest getting ready for an afternoon performance And in that setting which in time distance and atmosphere was far tt removed from the Indian fighting days of the old Wild West I took part in one of the most unusual interviews7 in all my experience as a newspaper man It was an interview with an Indian and all of my questions and all of his answers were translated through the medium of that universal language of the Plains tribes the The Indian was John Sitting Bull the deaf-mute son of Tatanka i-Yo-tanka (Sitting Bull) famous chief of the Hunkpapa Sioux and my finger flipping hand waving was Col Tim McCoy adopted member of the Arapaho tribe and protege of Gen Hugh Scott (in his time the white man best versed in the sign language) Today McCoy is one of the few white men who can carry on an extended conversation in that language I had brought with me a number of photographs taken back in the eighties and nineties by Barry famous for his pictures of the old-time Sioux The eyes of John Sitting Bull lighted up when showed him the picture of the four women standing in front of the log cabin for one of these women was his mother I asked him many questions about them and about his early life and one of these questions was answered in a singularly dramatic fashion you have any recollection of the big fight on the Greasy Grass (Little Big Horn river in Montana) when Long Hair (General Custer) attacked your camp and he and all of his pony soldiers were With a grim smile on his face John Sitting Bull reached down and pulled up one of his buck- A A I I John Sitting Boll flin company in 1932) comments on that particular one as follows: They said he was making medicine during the battle in the hills' They said he ran away from the fight that he was so excited that he forgot to take his small son with him and that the child was therefore named The-One-Who-Was-Left All this is poppycock The name properly translated means Left-dn-the-Battle-Field i It was given him by Four Homs Sitting uncle in commemoration of the time when he himself had been left for dead on the field during a fight with the Crows an event so famous that it was used to mark the year 1843 in the Hunk-papa calendar The One-Who-W as-Lef grew up to bear the name of his father Sitting Bull According to his story told in the sign talk and translated for me by Tim McCoy it was the with red (Royal North-West Mounted Police of Canada) who north of the boundary (indicated by reaching down as though putting stones on the ground at regular intervals i boundary stones) who conferred his name upon him Later someone added to that name so he is now commonly known as John Sitting Bull Willing as he was to about his childhood days with his brother Crowfoot and I his sister Standing Holy his attitude quickly changed when one event in his life was mentioned His reluctance to recall it is quite understandable Fop that event was the death of his father which took place just 50 years ago So one must turn to the pages of Stanley biography of Sitting Bull for the true story of that tragic affair It is told by a historian free from the usual white prejudices against the Indian especially those prejudices which existed while Sitting Bull was alive It is the story of an Indian patriot made distrust- 4 50000 Deep Sea Fish 26 Voters Live in Tiny Marineland Florida A i w- AH A A yvY a 7 tL with Col Tim McCoy 14 1890 a detachment of Indian police led by Lieutenant Bullhead and Sergeants Eagle Man Shave Head and Red Tomahawk quietly entered Sitting camp and surrounded the log cabin in which he his wife and his son The One-Who-Was-Left were sleeping Just before dawn they forced open the door dragged the chief naked out of his bed and none too gently tried to help him get dressed At first Sitting Bull made no effort to resist But he soon became angry at the indignities he was suffering and refused to budge from the cabin whereupon the policemen picked him up and half-carrying half-pushing started him toward the door By this time the whole camp had been alarmed and an angry throng of Sitting warriors came running from their tents with guns in their hands to resist the attempt qf the (police) to take their chief away Of the scene outside the door Vestal writes Sergeant Eagle Man unusually noisy that night kept shouting back! Make way! Get out of and shoving against Sitting deaf-mute son very much excited pulled and shoved Eagle Man making horrible noises in the darkness And as the police forged slowly forward the terrible wailing of women was mingled with the unearthly gibberings A moment later Sitting Bull shouted to his followers on! Come on! Take action! Instantly Catch-the-Bear chief soldier of the camp and commander of Sitting bodyguard threw up his rifle and shot Lieutenant Bullhead in the leg As the policeman went down he twisted around and shot upward at Sitting Bull who was trying to pull loose from his captors As the chief reeled from the impact of the bullet Sergeant Red Tomahawk shot him from behind and Sitting Bull dropped dead in his tracks For a little while there was a fierce melee of hand-to-hand fighting between the police and Sitting warriors Then the fire of the drove the warriors back into the timber and the police took refuge in Sitting cabin bringing their dead and wounded with them Then writes Vestal: While they were moving the mattress to make a bed for Bullhead the police found Crowfoot Sitting son hidden there Crowfoot was a schoolboy of 17 winters A Metal Breast called out another one in The boy sprang up crying I want to live! You have killed my father I Let me They called to Bullhead where he lay covered with blood mortally wounded shall we do with Bullhead answered him they have killed Red Tomahawk struck Crowfoot the blow sent the boy sprawling through the door Those outside shot him dead They showed no mercy: their hearts were hot that day A short time later the troops which had been sent from Fort Yates under the command of Capt Fechet to support the Indian Police if needed arrived on the scene and' rescued the survivors in Sitting cabin Otter Robe acted as interpreter for some of the soldiers He heard Sitting wives crying went into the smaller cabin and found them and some other women seated in a row on the bed They would not get up and so the soldiers pulled them off Under that bed they found Sitting Bull's deaf-mute son and another lad The soldiers searched these lads to disarm them found that one of them had a jack-knife with a broken blade and took that It made Otter Robe laugh When the police and soldiers started back to the fort there was a dispute among the Metal Breasts They did not wish to put Sitting Bull's body in the same wagon with their own dead But Sergeant Red Tomahawk had strict orders to bring in the chief dead or alive and he said they must do it there was only one wagon for the dead Then the policeman decided to throw the chief in first and lay their dead comrades on top of him This was done And thus Sitting Bull was carted like a dead dog toward the stronghold of his enemies with four dead men riding his mangled blood-soaked body over the prairie ruts Perhaps even though half a century has elapsed since that cold winter morning John Sitting Bull still I remembers the scene in the log cabin as the dragged Chief Tatanka i-Yotanka toward the door perhaps he has an all-too-vivid recollection of his brother Crowfoot with hands uplifted begging for mercy perhaps he sees again in memory his last journey the prairie So his reluctance to about the events of December 15 1890 is quite understandable! i i 4 1 son is poorer visibility resulting from more hours of darkness snow and sleet storms and fog These hazards can be largely overcome the committee says by correct driving practices adequate-equipment and proper maintenance of the roadway Tire Chains Effective Use of tire chains is the most means of self-help for increasing traction on snow and ice On rear wheels 6nly chains cut braking distance and increase acceleration an average of 40 per cent as compared with tires alone On all wheels chains further decrease braking distance 30 per cent as compared with chains on rear wheels Performance of chains is fairly uniform on ice at all temperatures a big advantage over the variable performance of tires on ice Speeds should not be much higher with chains than without however and on icy curves speeds with chains should be no higher than without them Safe driving requires more skill ahd caution in winter Mechanical safeguards cannot be relied upon to take the place of ordinary common aviation executive and philanthropist 4 The tanks called oceanariums are the largest in the world and were built especially for motion picture study of the deep sea and its inhabitants 1 5 The town was the scene for the first time in scientific history of the milking of a porpoise The product was flown by plane immediately to the University of Chicago for analysis 6 porpoises are the only ones in captivity i 7 Marineland is the only place in the world where large marine specimens are fed by hand daily 8 The largest great manta ray ever exhibited alive in captivity lives in one of the tanks It has a wing spread of 13 Vz feet and weighs over 1500 pounds The humans of this unique place aside from its founding fathers Whitney and Dr Douglas Burden of the American Museum of Natural History are themselves much more than an ordinary group of people because they range from scientists to the divers who care for the fish Presiding over the municipality is a good-looking young man Milton Bacon Jr mayor of Marineland He is 30 years old a publicist and not a politician by profession Many of the men of his town are within draft age limits Bacon says raising the possibility that his council and aldermen may have to vote on political issues while wearing mufti town includes several resident scientists and photographers who daily make intensive studies of fish life for scientific journals magazines and motion pictures sense The important thing is to greatly reduce speed and keep the car under control at all times Wise motorists will investigate weather and road conditions before starting a trip and if possible postpone or interrupt it when weather conditions are hazardous Everything possible should be done to maintain adequate vision Windshield and windows must be clear of frost and snow Heaters windshield wipers and defrosters should be in good condition Lights should be properly focused and aimed lhink Ahead The- report does not recommend letting' air out of tires on slippery roads since the added traction for stopping is slight and the tendency to skid on curves is increased Also tires with good treads while safer on dry and wet roads give no better performance on snow and ice than smooth tires Thinking ahead anticipating emergencies is more important in winter because sudden stops and turns are impossible on slippery roads Watch out for varying conditions of the road surface take it for granted that because part of the pavement is clear all of it is free of ice Anticipate ice around curves and over hills in shady spots and on bridges Remember that ice is more slippery when it is thawing Watch out for the sudden freeze in late afternoon which may convert a wet pavement into an icy one Keep a steady foot on the accelerator Too fast acceleration may spin the wheels causing a side skid Slow down gradually Once a skid starts turn the front wheels in the direction the car is skidding leave the car in gear and apply the brakes Highway departments can do much to reduce winter traffic hazards the committee reported Highway officials should strive to keep roads clear by prompt and complete snow removal establish uniform and effective systems of road condition reporting and adequately warn the motorist of the presence of snow plows and other equipment or culvert headwalls guard rails and other low obstructions covered by drifted snow They should improve traction on ice by spreading abrasives treated with calcium or sodium chloride (Released by Western Newspaper Union) Blind Workers Aid National Defense NEW YORK Although they will never be called upon to fight blind men and women of the country are taking an active part in the preparations for defense Hard at work in 43 workshops across the land they are preparing certain supplies necessary for the defense plans according to Robert Irwin sightless executive director of the American Foundation for the Blind Under provisions of the act federal government departments purchase blind made products whenever possible and for the past two years blind workers have been supplying these departments with brooms mops deck swabs mattresses and the like at a fair market price according to Irwin In recent weeks the order for pillowcases to serve the men in training has kept blind men and women working overtime and has brought into the wage-earning group more than 400 additional sightless men and women who up to now have lacked the chance of employment- The American Foundation for the Blind acts for the sightless across the country as a national agency Connected with it is a non-profit marketing agency called National Industries for the Blind This agency receives orders for blind-made goods and allocates these orders to those institutions and sheltered shops best equipped to handle them It is the aim to give blind men and women the opportunity to earn money for their own support Work on national defense brings many blind persons opportunity to earn money of their own Overcrowding Has Effect i On Poultry Cannibalism While feather picking cannibalism and egg eating are in part the result of dietary deficiencies overcrowding is important among the causes according to Titus of the federal bureau of poultry nutri-j tion It has been found that feather picking is less likely to occur if the diet contains about 20 per cent of barley or oats is a term used by some poultrymen in referring to the habit sometimes developed by chickens of picking one another's toes combs vents feathers and other parts of the body Used in this sense the term also includes feather pick-: ing it is however more common to restrict its use to those cases where blood is drawn Cannibalism is of most frequent: occurrence in overcrowded flocks but it may be due to some as yet unknown deficiency of the diet because the feeding of oats and barley appears to be of some value in prevention The use of ruby-colored window panes and ruby-colored elec-' trie lamps in the poultry house is often a simpler means of preventing cannibalism Egg eating is also likely to de- velop as a result of overcrowding! however the tendency to eat eggs is markedly-stimulated by a deficiency of calcium in the diet Worm-Free Chicks Safer From Colds Danger of colds in the poultry flock will be lessened by keeping the birds free from worms Colds and worms often run hand in hand since worms lower body resistance Watch the droppings and examine the intestinal tract of birds dressed for eating If worms are found treat the' flock with individual worm capsules A number of satisfactory worm expel-lers are now available on the market After treatment thoroughly cleanse and disinfect the poultry house Remove and burn all droppings or scatter them in a faraway field Also keep the birds confined for 36 hours Birds with colds should be protected against drafts and overcrowding and fed a balanced' ration Sale of Fruit Vegetables Doubles in Twenty Years Average per capita consumption of fruits and vegetables in America is at least two to three times greater than 20 years ago and maybe six to ten times that of 40 years ago according to officials of the Great Atlantic Pacific Tea company This greater domestic consumption is attributed to modern refrigeration and improved transportation Bum Out Stumps Old stumps can be burned out with the use of saltpeter First put a hole two inches in diameter deep into the stump with a drill or hot iron Drop two ounces of saltpeter into this hole and fill to the top with water Plug izp this hole entrance and leave until the liquid has been absorbed into the wood Then fill the hole with paraffin or fuel oil and set on fire If enough of the chemical has been used the fire should burn until the stump is consumed Marine Studios only oceanarium contains two huge tanks containing 850000 gallons of sea water It is the only one of its kind in the world Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney founder of Marineland is shown in the inset The Indian women pictured above are (left to right) Has-Many-Horses (or Captures Horses) Sitting daughter Good Heart his younger wife Four Times his older wife mother of John Sitting Bull and Standing Holy John Sitting Bull's sister This photograph was taken by Barry in front of Sitting cabin on the Grand river North Dakota in 1S90 and the women in it were identified (possibly for the first time in history) by John Sitting Bull in an interview with the author of this article in 1935 I v'A 9 A t' A I iv'- "A 4 A 4- a i I i 5 i 3 ful of the whites by broken treaties and unfulfilled promises determined to maintain his authority as a chief of his people and to save them" from losing all of their ancestral homes to the land-hungry whites The climax of this I struggle came early in the winter of 1890 The Ghost Dance excitement which had swept the Sioux provided a convenient excuse for the government authorities to act Professing to believe that Sitting Bull was about ready to lead an uprising of the fanatical Ghost Dancers Lieut-Col Drum commander at Fort Yates was ordered to arrest the old chief at his home near the Grand river on the Standing Rock reservation But Maj James McLaughlin agent at Standing Rock and the chief instrument of the Indian Bureau in its contest with Sitting Bull persuaded the army officers to let him make the arrest with a force of his Indian police (among whom were some of Sitting bitterest enemies) with the troops in reserve to be called upon if needed i So on the night of December MARINELAND A spectacular idea a million dollars and two huge sea-water tanks housing nearly 50000 deep sea denizens these three crystallized officially recently into the ambitious municipality of Marineland Fla With a in which humans are outnumbered 2000 to 1 by fish the settlement was incorporated as a town in the fall of this year As such Marineland began its census-recognized existence with many advantages over other American villages and with several distinctions unmatched by any city in the world Here are some: 1 It is the smallest incorporated municipality in Florida having only 26 qualified registered voters (it takes 25 registered voters to incorporate a municipality) 2 It is believed to be the smallest incorporated municipality in the entire United States 3 The whole town is built within 300 acres around Marine studios containing two huge tanks construct- ed at a cost of nearly a million dollars raised chiefly through the efforts of Whitney New York Christmas Parades Held On Claus Lanef HOLLYWOOD Leading personal ities of motion pictures stage anq radio will again participate this year in the nightly Claus festivities and parade A1 Each Christmas season the world-famous Hollywood boulevard is renamed Claus and becomes one of the show places of the 5 country Lack of snow and ice does not-'dampen the festivities which tak place during spring-like skin leggings Just above the ankle was a long white scar why he remembers the Custer battle although he was only four years old at the McCoy explained quickly detachment of command struck the Hunkpapa lodges at the lower end of the village the Indians were thrown into a panic at first In all the confusion the little boy became separated from his mother A bullet broke his leg so he was unable to flee with the other children and their mothers He crawled into some bushes and was found there after men had been driven across the river and taken refuge on the bluffs above That scar is his reminder of the Battle of the Little Big It might be mentioned in passing that the scar is more than John Sitting reminder of that famous frontier fight It also helps refute one of the many' lies which the white men have told about his father in relation to the battle Stanley Vestal his Sitting Bull Champion of the (published by the Houghton Mif-.