The Gazette and Daily from York, Pennsylvania • Page 6

THE GAZETTE AND DAILY, YORK, FRIDAY MORNING, AUGUST 5, "l938. NEWS OF THE PAST One Hundred Years Ago (Taken from the file of The York Gazette) Ghosting Along Morning Story Around the TOWN tionshtps. If he stands on technicalities, whether they be real or fancied, and forces the Earle Administration to go Into the election under a stigma, and then later it Is discovered that the charges cannot be supported in open court, he will have done more to destroy the people's faith In the integrity of the courts than can be repaired in a generation. "That's what Rusty said. He also dreadful curse.

And yet I confess I have never seen any section of country superior in soil to the land adjoining the Wabash, and this is the only objection to it The Governor of Kentucky has offered a premium of 81,000 for the discovery of the origin of the disease bearing the above cognomen, in that State, represented to be as malignant as the Cholera having already destroyed hundreds It has appeared also in Ohio and QN The subject of crops the editors reported that 'the farmers of The Gazette and Daily Published daily except Sunday it 31 --35 East Kit Street, York, by the York Gazette Allen C. Wiest, President; S. A. Geiselman, Secretary; J. W.

Gin, Editor and Treasurer; Bernard Elsesser, Managing Eililor. MEMBER Of THEASSOaATED PRESS The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the uce for republication of any newi dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited to this paper, and also the local newt published herein. SUBSCRIPTION RATES By City and Suburban Carriers Per week 10c One Year, in advance (5.00 Six Mop'hs, in advance $2.50 By Mail One Year, in advance $4.00 Three Months, in advance $1.00 Outside of York City One Year, in advance $5.00 Six Months, in advance New York OBice Eowland Howland, 247 Park Avenue Chicago Office Eowland Howland, 360 N. Michigan Ave. Pittsburgh Office Howland Howland, 795S Tioge St Entered at at York as Second Class Mail Matter Dorcas King paused half-way up the hill to the haunted house.

The rrouD of merrv vounar people were watching her with expectant amuse ment their faces ruddy and full of shadows in the glare of the driftwood fire on the beach. She saw her young brother. Rusty, grinning knowingly at her: and Carroll Stev en's face as his eyes strained in her direction. Dorcas waved gaily to hide the heaviness of her heart. She had thought that tonight with the crowd having a weenie roast and with all the fun in drawing lots to see who would stay until midnight in the haunted house, that Carroll would forget their silly quarrel over a broken date, and let her know he loved her, but now she doubted that he ever cared as much as he once claimed.

Instead, he teased her about broken dates with ghosts until her heart turned over with the realization that their parting was only a joke to him. At least It seemed mat way io hr Wis last words were a remin der that for two years in succession, the one who drew the slip to stay had come running out of the house long before midnight and as a result, they had to pay for the weenies: "I won't!" Dorcas cried aloud, "tt would give Carroll too much satisfaction and Rusty would never let up on me." Thinking about her young brother with the flaming locks gave uorcas a few minutes of silent laughter. In from bass to a high squeak, he had eravelv informed her that he must have mone money to take his girl to the senior. dance, and he nnlshea his statement by falling over a chair at Dorcas' feet! He was always falling over something lately, he admitted rhpprfullv. So she made him sit quietly while she told him how he could add to his small allowance r.m wav other than by spilling paint in dad's shop! It lust slips out of my nanas, uoi rio" hn murmured.

"Dad sends me ithout a cent Says I spoil mum than I heln." So he had readily fallen in witn her suggestion, and that prooamy nt tnr- th imnish erin he wore tonight. The house loomed In the darkness like a hunched up giant, arA th straeeline- shrubbery resem bW an unkempt beard. Now ana tnen a sort sliding sound told of a lnnsfi shinirle blown onto the ground, tprs leaned drunkenly against th. riorch and they creaKea loudly as Dorcas walked up and into the house. When she pushed open the door, the hot mustiness of a long neglected house struck her like something physical; even the moon-shot darkness was like a weight as she walked gingerly from room to room of the once beautiful mansion.

She shivered a little at the dreariness of the whole thing, but she wouldn't run out. Those who had done so admitted that only a small noise had sent them running, and she would remember it. Minutes dragged by; night voices and the sound of the waves on the beach below came to her, loud and clear in the oppres sive silence. Occasunaliy. sne nearu a burst of laughter from the crowd on the shore.

Once, she thought she heard a noise, but It was probably another single dropping off The noise resounded again, this time more distinctly. Someone was walking stealthily in the hall outside! Then unexpectedly, a tall shape was hr.fr.re her. the legs silhouetted aeainst the moonbeams, the top of the body Just a part of the darkness. She gasped audibly and the shape shook with laughter. Tm here to see that you don't have apy broken dates with ghosts," Carroll's voice seemed disembodied.

"You see, the boys drew lots" "What a coincidence that you should be the one to draw the 'You stay' slip," she retorted loudly. Fifty Years Ago Fire of supposed incendiary origin destroyed the barn on the farm of John Singer, east of the city, causing; a loss estimated at The Goodwill Fire company resronded and succeeded in saving all the surrounding; buildings which were threatened. The cornerstone of the West Street Methodist Episcopal church was laid. Rev. B.

C. Conner, pastor of the First church, opened the exercises with brief remarks and closed them with the laying of the stone. After Rev. Conner's remarks prayer was offered by Rev. J.

B. Brenneman, pastor of the Ridge Avenue church. The scrip ture lesson was read by Rev. R. N.

Whitely, pastor of the Princess street church. Then there were addresses by Rev. G. L. Smith, pastor of the Calvary Presbyterian church; Rev.

W. G. Ferguson, pastor of the Duke Street Methodist church; Rev. H. Bomberger, Heidelberg Reformed, and Rev.

George W. Enders, pastor Of the Christ Lutheran church. Dr. B. Franklin Stahl, Philadelphia, visited former classmates in York.

The old log house at Carlisle ave- nue and Market street was bought by Charles Winter for 814, while Captain W. H. Lanius bought the lot for 1500. G. W.

Loucks, of the York Manufacturing company, and George Heiges and George Dick left for Durham, N. to eerct an ice machine. W. H. Lanius and son, Perclval, left for Bedford Springs.

After a stay there they proposed making a trip along the Atlantic coast. News of the death of General Phil Sheridan, at Washington on August 5, caused manifestations of sorrow in York. Mayor Noell issued a proclamation calling for the half masting of flags and this was generally complied with. John H. Seiffert, son of former Councilman Seiffert, having graduated from the college of pharmacy, accepted a position in a drug store in Atlantic City.

Twenty-Five Years Ago A. C. Rowe, former landlord of the National hotel, accepted the position of assistant manager at the Colonial hotel. The appointment of W. B.

Reising-er as postmaster at Wrightsvllle was ar vroved by the United States Senate. Jonathan Smeich, the oldest resident of Red Lion, died in the ninety-second year of his age. At one time he had been a teacher in the schools of Chanceford township. Michael Brady, "Crazy Mike," was found dead between two pot kilns at the Centennial Lime company kilns at Bittinger station. The body was taken from Hanover to Gettysburg for burial.

Earl Doll, 343 South Queen street, left for New York to join the chorus of a theatrical company. Alexander E. McLean and family-left for a vacation at Eaglesmere. Fifteen Years Ago Mrs. A.

J. Wolf and daughters, Christine and Caroline, 301 South Penn street, left on a motor trip to Detroit, Chicago and Canada. Mr. and Mrs. D.

Alva Barnett and daughter, Catherine, former residents of this city, then living in New-Haven, were visiting Mrs. Bar- nett's parents, Mr. and Mrs. A. M.

Hoover, 474 West Princess street The Quincy United Brethren orphanage bought at public sale a tract of land consisting of about eighty acres, and located at the south of the orphanage' grounds, paying the sum or 810,400. Rev. N. L. Hummel, pastor of the Bethany Evangelical church, was at central Oak Heights.

From there he would go to Reading to attend the general Sunday school convention of the denomination. The Demcrats of Stewartstown put forward their first woman candidate for office, Mrs. C. W. Shaw, nominated for a place on the school Inclement weather caused the abandonment of the twilight services at Wirt park, Hanover, and the postponement of the cornerstone laying ceremony of the Otterbein United Brethren church at Emigsvile.

COVER CROPS IMPROVE THE RASPBERRY PATCH Old canes should be removed from the raspberry patch as soon as the crop has bee harvested, according to County Agent George G. Weber. The lapt, thorough cultivation should be made preparatory to seeding a covr crop. Although cover crops have not been veiv generally used by raspberry growers of York county, the cojnty sgent believes that they have a real place in berry patch management. He considers millet and sudan gras3 as the best but oats and buck wheat also are satisfactory.

The cover crop adds organic matter to the eotl, reduces erosion, and helps Insure maturity and hardiness in the raspocrry canes. Superphosphate applied at tht rate of at leas'. 150 pounds per acre when the cover crop is seeded will help tot insure satisfactory growth. LL. professor of political science at the University of Wiscon-.

sin; and P. Orman Ray, Ph. pro fessor of political science at the Unr versity of California), state: "Popular government, however, is not always and everywhere the same thing. The essential feature of it ie control, by the people over the exercise of the powers of sovereignity. But there are at least two principal ways in which this control can be weilded.

The first is by keeping the management of affairs actionally in the hands of the people themselves, so that the citizens in the mass make the laws, levy the taxes, decide questions of war and peace, determine all other mttters of policy, and select and supervise the officials who carry-on those parts of the public business which are of such a nature as to require personal and continuous attention. The alternative to this Is the plan of entrusting law-making, policy, and the appointment and supervision of moat of the officials to pei sons chosen by the citizens to exercise these functions la their behalf. In either case we call the government "democratic;" that Is to say, it is based on the principle of "the rule of the many," which what the word democracy means. But according as the one plan or the other Is followed, wo have (1) direct democracy or (2) representative government To Be Continue, rPHE YORK GAZETTE of August 7, 1838 contained an account of a strange malady called "the milk sickness, which has created so much alarm in the Western States and peculiar to that section of the country." A letter from Vincennes, gave the following description of the disease. "At Logansport, on the banks of the Wabash, I was cautioned by an elderly lady against using either milk, butter or beef, on my way to Vincennes.

As a reason for her caution she informed me that the milk sickness was common in this State. I had heard of it before, but knew little of it She informed me that very many deaths occurred annually by this dreadful malady There Is a difference of opinion as to the cause that produces it; but the general opinion is that It is occasioned by the yellow oxyde or arsenic In the low ground and woodland, and particularly near the Wabash river, and that some weed, (yet unknown) imbibes the poison and when eaten by cattle, causes them to quiver, stagger and die within a few hours. If cows eat it, the milk is poisoned, or butter that is made from the milk; and Is also a sure death to those who use the milk or butter as it Is to the animal that eats the weed. Great care is taken to bury such cattle as die with it; for if dogs, eat their flesh, they share the same fate, and it operates upon them as violently as upon the creature that was affected with it. The butcher uniformly in this State, runs the victim of his knife a mile, to heat the blood, and if it has eaten the weed it will at once on stopping, quiver and shake; if it does not it Is considered safe to butcher, and this is the uniform test, even when beef cattle show no signs of having eaten the weed.

Indiana is not alone in this misfortune, there have been many cases in some parts of Ohio, and south of St Louis and other of the Southwestern States. I have seen many farms with com fortable buildings and improvements entirely abandoned and their owners fled into other quarters to avoid the mark and exerts a great influence in Finland. Finally, it spread throughout the rest of the world, throughout Europe, to Asia, to Africa, and to America. (Relatively little space will be de voted here to the co-ops, for a spe cial series, later will treat them). The cooperatives promote a truly Christian and democratic way of living.

Through promoting economic democracy, the cooperatives promote a real social equality and a greater degree of economic and social free dom and Independence. Cooperation, it has been said, is the keystone of democracy. But the co operatives are not the only democratic way. There is another which en ables a greater degree of naturalness and freedom, and consequently a greater degree of democracy. Once more we will have to turn back the pages of history, back to the first half of the nineteenth century.

The National Workshop The most immediate effect of the Industrial revolution was to strengthen the position of the middle classes. The workmen, at first, were strengthened only in numbers. At this time, the law forbade them tPform trade unions for the purpose of protecting their economic Interests and also prohibited their agitating politically through a republican organization, which left them wholly at the mercy of their employers. Louis Blanc, a journalist, was the first to teach them that as long as the bourgeoisie owned the means of production, the existing injustice would inevitably continue. Blanc was the first "to preach in clear terms this doctrins The feature ot Blanc's program was the proposal that a given body of workmen apply to the state for loan of capital in order to undertake the cooperative management of a.

fac tory under the name of a national workshop. Blanc's plan of a national workship was never tried. The Industrial Workers Let us return to the plight of the great mass of industrial workers. In the first phase of the industrial revolution, the great mass of indus-tril workers occupied a very lowly position. This was due to the novelty of the situation and to their own mental backwardness.

The hope for their social advance lay in better education and in the strength to be derived from organization. At this time, the first half of the nineteenth century, the only great power of Europe which had a broad public school system which successfully reached the masses was Prussia. Turning once more to Schevill, we find: Divining the power of purposeful numbers, the forehanded lords of industry had sought to pro tect themselves by spreading upon the statute books of ail the European countries measures forbidding work-ingmen to unite. It was not until 1824-1825 that bills were passed In parliament making it possible for the British workingmen to combine in order to promote their Interests. And it was not till the revolution of 1848 that labor unions came out into the open on the continent, it is clear that they were very slow in unfolding their strength, especially as the revolution of 1848 was followed by a reaction which canceled, for a time at least, all that had been woji.

Not till 1S64 did France pass legislation definitely permitting workingmen to form union Karl Marx Karl Marx (1818-1883) was a Ger man Jewish- intellectual who first announced his economic position In 1848, under the title of the "Communist Manifesto." It is generally held that Marx was the first to give the working class problem scientific treatment "Marx's approach may claim to be 'scientific' In the sense that it analyzes and classifies the body of economic data in order to let them, so far as possible, speak for themselves." Since the terminology in the new field of thought still was very fluctuating, Marx used the word commun ist to indicate something which lat.r was called socialist His manifesto may be accepted as the first pronouncement of modern socialism. Marx devoted the most of his life remarked "I can imagine. Rusty Is just a kid" "Don't be sarcastic, my dear. Let's forget everything." "So you've decided to make up now that you're ready. I thought that tonight you might meet me half way and instead, you laughed about our quarrel over a broken date as if it were just a big joke to you." "But Dorcas" 'Tm not interested now." She turned her back upon his vague form She 'was fiankful that Rusty couldn't see them walking in circles, studiously avoiding each other.

Now and then startling noises arrested their attention, and Carroll would try to sllD his arm about her, but she had only to remember his laugh ter about the camp Are to draw away from him. It was after 11 when they heard a noise that really made them alert, They stood still and tried to detect from what direction it came. There were steps coming nearer; dragging, slithery steps as if it were an effort for the person to move at all. "Probably one of the crowd trying to be funny," Carroll whispered, giv Ing her a reassuring squeeze, which she forgot to resent. Her heart was pounding in spite of the fact that she was sure it was nothing for them to fear.

She gasped and clung to Carroll. There, framed in the doorway, was a shiny, shapeless mass standing against the moonlit darkness. She heard Carroll draw in his breath sharply. "It must be someone wf know," he murmured. "That shiny stuff puzzles me." Dorcas clapped her hands to her mouth as something cool and misty struck them In the face as they ap proached the shapeless form.

Then a high laugh split the silence and the figure began to back away gradually, Carroll following cautiously. "Please, don't go," begged Dorcas. "You might get hurt." "Dorcas, you don't care If I get hurt and you know it" "Don't be silly. You I do." He planted a kiss squarely on her lips. "I'll be back in a minute, honey.

You see, we can't give up and let the crowd get the laugh on us, can we?" "N-no," she gulped. He didn't wait any longer, dashing down the stairs. There was a crash ing sound, a deep growl followed by a squeaky voice muttering audibly In the deadly inky silence Carroll called to her. "All right sweet Wait up there for me." Downstairs Rusty picked himself up, rubbing his knee and making wry grimances. "Honest, Carroll, If I hadn't tripped over that grapevine it would have worked swell.

This is silver paint I got in dad's shop." "What on earth did you hit us with?" Carroll was shaking with mirth. "Vegetable germicide, pal. Say, what's my commish for all this?" Rusty stuck out his palm. Carrol thrust a crisp bill Into his hand and Rusty chuckled. "Oh, mannnn! Do I get to that prom in style? Me and my gal?" Carroll bounded up the stairs two at a time.

Rusty sat on the broken steps and laughed uproariously. What a story to tell the crowd over the sodas he had promised them if this thing went off all right Because, of course, he had to have their help in seeing that Dorcas and Carroll got the right slips. Anywhere, i here was Carroll giving him a nice bill for helping him to meet Dorcas in the haunted house, and there was Dorcab who, unknown to Carroll, had paid him Rusty very well to do the same thing. Oh mannn! He must remember to caution the crowd ae-atnst telling about It until after the wedding. Boston Post.

patronage dividends on their purchases. Some Principles of Economio Democracy The basic; principles of economic democracy which these early Kocn- dale pioneers adopted have stood the test of time. They were and are (a) In order to achieve economic democracy they adopted the principle of "open membership" and "one per son, one vote," irrespective of the number of shares owned; and no proxy voting. (b) In order to eliminate speculation and achieve security they adopted the principle of "limited interest on shares." Shares cannot be sold for any more than their face value and receive no excess profits. (c) Eliminttlon of private profit; the profits, or savings, are repaid to the consumer-owners, as dividends.

Three other principals adopted were, religious and political neutrality, cash trading and constant educa tion. These principles practiced by the Rochdale weavers result In democracy and efficiency. These principles of economic democracy and the organizational procedure for realizing them, coincide with the principles and practical ap plication of political, educational, and religious democracy adopted by the American pioneers. Consumer's cooperation uses the forms of democracy already achieved to build an economic democracy. It eliminates the necessity of economic war among the people and thus forms the foundation of political peace.

This quiet unheralded and un spectacular appearance of the co-op on the world scene spread throughout the world. Its progress, for quite a while was very slow. Today, it exerts considerable Influence on national economics and on international economy, and is but an infant From the original 28 weavers, In 1844, In England, it has grown to a membership of 7,200,000 families or 28,000,000 individuals in Great Britain alone. It spread to the Scandinavian countries, Norway, Sweden, Denmark and then to Finland. It controls the na tional economy, of Sweden and Den Good morning! -D- We were not surprised to read last week that the Senate Civil Liberties committee brought out the fact that the Republic Steel corporation in its battle with labor attempted to mobilize the pulpit as well as the middle class and the general public against the C.I.O.

The beneficiaries of the American system have always tried to use the pulpit to keep the people satisfied with the conditions that benefit the vested interests. A preacher who sees his Christ as a radical and rebel in the interest of human rights, and attempts to follow in his footsteps will certainly not be very popular in a church where the large property-holders are the bosses both financially and otherwise. It seems to this writer that too many of our churches have become ultra-respectable and addicted in nocuous services, all of which Is highly acceptable to those financial backers or sponsorers known as the pillars. -O- We know of several local ministers who are quite liberal in their thoughts and outlook, but they take pains to conceal their liberalism from their congregations and especially from the church's "sacred cows" and "fat cats" who pay the piper and want to call the tune. A minister in some county churches once confided to the writer it was his conviction that Soviet Russia was conducting a truly Christian experiment.

Of course he didn't tell that to his congregation. A city minister used to lend his moral support to local labor rallies, now he confines himself to the Par ent-Teacher's association. These are only samples of how several local ministers are obliged to compromise their ideals In order not to offend the well-to-do patrons of their churches. We could ouote other instances where we discovered the minister had interesting and almost! radical convictions in private which were never voiced in public. i-i We do not contend that all local ministers are obliged to compromise themselves.

-D- Indecd we are acquainted with cer tain reverends who have all the earmarks of dyed-in-the-wool reactionaries, who are both temperamentally and mentally conservatives by na ture: Ministers who do not see Christ as a radical. There are ministers who seem to gain more soul-satisfaction in dining with the "respectable" personages of the community or the congregation. than with calling on the afflicted and downtrodden. It is an unhappy commentary that preachers fail to speak out against certain wrongs committed by power ful persons in the congregations and in the community such as "macing" employes by employers for welfare funds, such as the disposesslng of the unfortunate by rapacious creditors, etc. -O- It is even worse when the pulpit throws its Influence on the side of capital in its struggle with labor, prostituting both the clerical profession and clerical talent, siding with the rich and spurning the poor whom Christ always befriended.

H3- Let us pray that will never happen In York. Herr Hitler, political and economic autocrat of the unfortunate German people, presented Henry Ford, foremost American Industrial autocrat, the highest Nazi award on the occasion of Ford's seventy-fifth birthday anniversary last Saturday. Henry accepted the medal. It is significant that the great German Anti-Democrat has not offered the Gorman Golden Eagle to any of the truly liberal men of America. We can not conceive of men of the type of the late Edward J.

Filene, or Senators Wagner, Norris, Borah, or John L. Lewis, be'ng offered th Golden Eagle. Nor can we imagine them accepting any award from the man who has mercilessly persecuted innocent people because of their race, creed and convictions; who has trampled under foot civil liberties, driven from their homes in Germany and old Austria, some of the world's foremost thinkers, scientists, professional men and benefactors of mankind, along with other folks because they were born of Jewish race. -O- Wonder why Hitler decorated Ford? Could It be that the two men have so much in common that the Nazi dictator considers Ford an example of Nazism in America? Could It be on account of Ford's once violent anti-Semitism? or Ford's current antl-unlonlsm? Or Just the open admiration of a great political dictator for a great industrial dictator? Henry and Adolf do have these things In common: Dislike for Jews, hatred for legitimate labor unions, and the notion that the rank and file should take orders and be glad to get them. We think that Ford should have spurned Hitler's Golden Eagle.

No American, worthy of the name, should, in our estimation, accept the badges that are worn by the Nasi. fraternity, that specializes in persecutions, intolerance, and political, social and spiritual barbarities of cruel Medieveal night; of the fratern ity that in several sections of the world has strangled in the cradle Infant democracies. -CD-It has been said that by men's deeds one shall know them. Is it not equally true that by the medals one wears men shall Judge i TO STUDY ARCHAEOLOGY OF AUSTRALIA TO TRACE ANTIQUITY OF MAN fCoDvriirht. 1938.

bv Science Service) Philadelphia. An era of approxl mately 1,000,000 miles of the earth's surface will receive its first scientific archaeological survey when Dr. Sutherland Davidson, of the University of Pennsylvania begins his work In Western Australia. Dr. Davidson sails for Western Australia early next month to undertake two years of field work In archaeological and ethnologi cal research.

The purpose of this expedition will be to shed light on the origins and developments of Australian culture, and antiquity of man on that contln ent. In the southern section of Western Australia, where the aboriginal tribes are virtually extinct, the activities of the expedition will be limited to archaeological work, but research in both archaeloglcal and ethnological fields will be carried on in the north ern and central sections. In these latter sections, Dr. David son states, about 15,000 aborigines may still be found. Known as "stone- age they not only use the same types of stone weapons ana tools which their ancestors employed, but follow the same primitive meth ods in their hunting.

Among- these aborigines the expe ditlon will spend much of its time, makinir a study of inter-tribal trades and barter, aboriginal Australian decorative art, stoneworking tech used in the manufacture of weapons, and the antiquity of stone tools. The expedition will be under the combined auspices of the University of Pennsylvania, the American Fhll osophical society, and the Carnegie corporation of New York. Fart oi tne material found will go to the Western Australian Muesum at Perth, and part to the University Museum of tre University of Pennsylvania. Dr. Davidson, who is assistant professor of anthropology at the University of Pennsylvania, will be accompanied by his wife, who also accompanied him on a field expedition to Australia in 1930-81.

KEYSTONE POULTRYMEN MAP OUT ANNUAL TOUR Pennsvlvania poultrymen will go in the Hudson Valley. New York, on their annual tour, August 16 and 17. Port Jervis, N. is the assemming noint. Visits will Be maae me uibw day to the farms of W.

S. VanDuzer, Sugar Loaf; A. C. rJtzei, Jionore, Nicholas Diamond, Cold Spring, and Joseph E. Ludewig, wappingers Falls.

Two stops are scheduled lor tne second day, at snagroy lumey Farms, Millertown, and Kaudcr's Pedigreed I-eghorn Farm, New Paltz. RATTLE BRINGS TWENTY CENTS Belton, (AP). Approximately 3,000 rattles from tne urns oi rat tlesnakes have been Drougni nere since January 1 and a bounty of 20 cents each has been paid on them. The county offered the bounty because the snakes were a menace is brush-covered, hilly regions. Your Health (From the Educational committee of the board of trustees of the Medical Society of the State of Ptnnsylvania of which the York County Medical society is a component.) Scurvy is an historic disease grad ually disappearing.

Hippocrates referred to it. The Crusaders of the 13th Century died in great numbers from scurvy. Besieged cities and armies on the march suffered greatly. Even as late as the World war many thousands of soldiers died of the disease. It was the scourge of sailors and explorers unable to carry supplies of fresh fruit and vegetables.

For scurvy is a disorder of nutri tion due Drlmarily to the lack of vitamin in the food. It is now seldom seen In adults but artificially fed babies are fre quently affected. Babies, when they are born, have a certain amount of scurvy-preventing vitamin in reserve. When this stock in the body is con sumed, the stock must be replenished. Babies nursed by their mothers get certain amount of protection against the disease.

But they, too, need added protec tion. This may be obtained from orange or tomato Juice. Bottle fed babies are not protected against scurvy so it is essential that the protective fruit juice be added to their diet. Scurvy is charterized by distinctive changes in the bones and by lesions of the blood-vessels. These give rise to bone tenderness and to bleeding in various parts of the body.

An infant suffering from scurvy appears poorly nourished, pale, and has a peculiarly alert and wdrrled expression. The bones, especially In the thighs, may be swollen, and are exquisitely tender to the touch, the child crying out in pain when touched or moved. If the baby has teeth, the gums are red, swollen and bleed readily. Cod liver oil, though necessary to baby's normal growth, does not protect baby against scurvy. But fruit juices do.

DO YOU KNOW? There is no perfect system of sickness insurance that has been worked out as yet in any nation. It is admitted that none of the systems in use abroad would do for the American people. One of the reasons is the fact that Americans always like to choose their own doctor. If one's heart can function with only 75 per cent efficiency, tt does not follow that the heart must suffer further impairment, providing the life and habits of the individual are governed so as to require only 75 perj cent work from the heart York county appear to be very well satisfied, with very few exceptions. We shall however, not have above half a crop of corn and potatoes in this immediate neighborhood.

Some fields that promised well have been so much injured by continued drought, that they will scarcely yield a nubbin. We have not learned to what extent those crops have been injured in other parts of the state. The oats crops in this region will be super-abundant" Another article announced that Messrs. Demuth and Genther "have on hand the most extensive stock of China, Glass and Queensware ever offered to the public in the Borough of York. As Messrs.

D. G. deal ex-clusively in China, Glass and Queens-ware, their attention will be constantly turned to the market for those articles in the cities, and they assure us, that they have made arrangements by which the newest im portations and latest Improvements in the articles of American manufac ture, will be promptly added to their stock Their establishment now in Hs tasteful arrangement and full supply of every article, from the most com mon delft and stone ware to the fin est china and richly cut flint glass, Is not inferior to many retail shops in the cities, and their determination to improve it continually shall be found sufficient to warrant the prosecution of the enterprise." A meeting for "those persons favorable to the formation of a colonization society" was scheduled for Saturday, August 11th, in the Metho dist Church at 7:30 p. m. to tne study or political economy from the working class angle and wrote his conclusions in a fundamental work, "Das Kapittl." The first volume appeared in the other two volumes appeared after his death.

Marxian socialism is not only an economic theory but also a philos ophy of life. Society of Equals Schevill, with regard to Marx, and his theories, says: Combating the various bourgeois philosophies with their emphasis on liberty, it stresses equality and looks to the welfare not of distinguished individuals but of the mass of men. The equality which, is its goal is to be attained by the many taking over from the few the machines, the railways, the mines, in sum, the total characteristic tools of modern production. The transfer need not necessarily involve violence and bloodshed. It may, Indeed it must result primarily from the unescapable operation of historical forces, for the laborers are becoming constantly more numerous as compared with the middle classes and, sooner or later, will be In a position to assert their economic will.

The new socialist of equals owning In common the means of production will thus come about by leaceful stages, by evolution rather than by revolution." The Social Democrats The working class movement was to be international. It Is expected to encircle the earth and to make so cialism a new order. It was expect ed, as the Social-Democrat party to enter the political world and to gain political control for the workers. Under the name of the Social Democratic party, socialism was ex pected to become a factor in every country of Europe. While the Social -Democrat party in each country would fight its own battles in its own way, it would be a part of Interna tional Social-Democrat congress to which each unit would send dele gates.

The development of the Social democrat (Sozial-demokrat) party, just as the development of "protesta, antism" led to multiple denomina tions, based on differences in theory, also led to the development of several other groups which we will briefly mention here. The Anarchists The idea of an imnipotent state was intensely repulsive to group of thinkers who carried the middle class creed of freedom to its last consequence. Schevill advises, "To them, too, it was a laudable undertaking to break away from the various bondages of the past, but they saw no reason why a halt should be called before the heaviest bondage of all, the state! They declared themselves to be enemies of the state an archists, in the hope that by its de-j st ruction the Individual man might resume his last and most important right and become his own master, acknowledging literally no superior on earth." Although anarchism never became popular, it must be recognized as one of the most- revolutionary forces of the modern world. The Syndicalists Presently, aside uncompromising anarchism, a brand of socialism, which without abandoning the main socialist precepts, assumed some thing of the anti-government bias of anarchism. This movement, called syndicalism was born in the latter part of the nineteenth century.

Also aiming at the capture of the great modern trades by the workers, it placed its hope, with anarchism, in the violent destruction of the political state. (Syndicalism was supported in the United States by the I. V. the International Workers of the World). Though syndicalism appealed, more than anarchism, to the wage earners, particularly in France and Italy, and made great gains in those countries, it as anarchism, was unable to undermine the strength of the socialists.

In European countries, particularly, the various Social-democrat parties have steadily increased their following, from their origin to the present. among the workingmen. In the third edition to their "Introduction to American Government," Ogg and Ray (Frederick A. Ogg, Ph. The Gaiette and Daily does not accept advertising the honesty of and reliability ot which has any reason to doubt.

Readers of The Gaiette and Daily will confer a favor if they will promptly report to this office any failure on the part of an advertiser to make (rood any representation contained in an advertisement which appeared in Tb Gazette and Daily. THE LAW OR JUSTICE? Courts of law are supposed to be ociety's institution for rendering justice to aggrieved parties. Because of confusion of evidence, or ignor nee, or sometimes because of down, right venality, a miscarriage of jus tice which imposes hardships upon Innocent persons occurs. Sometimes, also, we find the courts of law used tor political purposes? That is a construction we can place Upon Judge Paul N. Shaeffer, spe eially presiding in the Dauphin County Court in the matter of the Grand Jury Investigation of Gover nor Earle's Administration.

Whether the judge realizes this or not, the fact remains that the District Attor Bey of Dauphin County, Carl Shelley, has openly boasted that this case was his "political opportunity" and that he intended to "make the most of It." From his actions during the procedure thus far, it is evident that he Is doing his best to make good his boast Grave accusations have been made gainst the Earle Administration. If they are supported by evidence, it is of course the duty of the District At torney to arrest those charged so they do not leave the Jurisdiction of the court. Ever since the charges were made the Governor and his ac cused subordinates have sought ar rest. If they had attempted to evade rrest, it would have been proper to call a Grand Jury Investigation to bring them to justice. But in this case the accused have been seeking justice ever alnce the accusations were made, and the Court has been throwing one obstruction after an other in their path.

In view of the fact that an election Is to be held in November that vi tally concerns the Earle Administra tion, as well as the best interests of all the people of the state, it is only a matter of elementary justice that the accused should have a prompt hearing so that if they are adjudged Innocent, their names will be cleared before the voters go to the polls. The people of the state are entitled to know the guilt or Innocence of the parties accused so that they might govern themselves properly. But everything at present points to the court lending itself to the trick of having the people kept In ignorance in order that the accusation of crime may be construed by the voter as evidence of crime. It is clear that had the court acted olely in the interest of justice, there would have been no special session of the legislature to bring the charges against the accused officials Into the light of day. Whether the legislation as passed is held constitutional or not is beBide the point.

It could have been prevented Jby prompt and honorable action on the part of the constituted officers of the law. Following the action of the legislature, the court enters again to obstruct justice. Without passing upon the constitutionality of the laws enacted, he orders the evidence impounded and seals the lips of the chief witnesses. He, of course, blandly suggests that the legislature may conduct its own Investigation. One need not be very intelligent to realize what progress such an investigation would make after the court has silenced the chief accuser and his aide.

It may be that, if the maze of legal technicality were threaded, the judge would be technically right. What is technically right, however, is not al ways humanly Just The impounded evidence would be Just as valid In his court if he were to allow it to be preeented to the legislative committee. Testimony of the chief witnesses before the committee would not tie their tongues before the court Open procedure before the legislature seems to be the only possible way in which the processes of real justice can be served And this is what the arbiter of Justice appear to be denying. Judge Shaeffer owes it to the dignity of his judicial robes and to the people of Pennsylvania to do everything within the power of his office to have this whole matter cleared up at once. He must take his court out of a vacuum so that it may serve the purpose of adjudicating buman relaV DEMOCRACY Editor's Notet The following article Is the fifth of a series on "Democracy.

The sixth will appear in an early Issee.J (Special to The Gatette and Dally) Washington. Aug. 4. To the other principles of democracy, in consider ing the economic phase, must be added another, that of cooperation. Prior to the American 'and French revolutions, and mlddlt classes were rising and were exerting consioeraDie influences in the various nations and internationally.

The economic theory which motivated them was the capitalist theory. From that time until now the capitalist system has been in vogue, We who have lived through a phase of this system (the worst phase, which we hope will be its final gasp) know it and its fallacies too well. It i tnn omnloresent at present, to need further explanation. Near the middle of the nineteenth century there were two developments which have been ktpt ratner quiet These two developments were destined to exert a great influence in the lives of the people of the world Thev were the launching of the Rochdale Co-op, in December 21, 1899, and the issuance of the Communist Manifesto, in 1848, by Karl Marx, Since the Rochdale experiment was the first, we will consider it first The period of the "hungry forties" in Great Britain produced labor unions, political federations and con sumer cooperation, Workers then learned that they must organize their consuming nower as well as their producing and political powers. There had been experimentation with consumer cooperation for many years, before the weavers launched their co-op.

On the day of every year that the night begins to shorten and tht day to lengthen in the natural world, so did the light of brotherhood and knowledge begin to increase and the darkness and ignorance begin to decrease In the social world, as on December 21, of 1844, the Rochdale weavers adopted the principles of democratic consumer-ownership and control of business and bankimr and paying back to themselves profits in the form of.