Bangor Daily Whig and Courier from Bangor, Maine • 2

entertained by their constituents upon matters nearly affecting their wejhtre and happiness. I The Legislature' ot last year, having given! Us attention to several Uipics of national.interest, attention to several Uipics of nationnl.iiiterest, n.i Washington, Jan The principal rumor The principal rumor in reonrR DAILY UTHKi AM COURIER the general purpose ol the Treasury, and con-, verted into an unnual School Fund, since which- it has been distributed, to the towns for the en- courugeinent and snpportof our common Schools. Under. years, it lias ueen proposeu io recall mis sum-icr i the used the Ireasu.y; and its reception by the Treasurer would doubtless torm. an import- ant and acceptable item ill aid of his resources.

The reluctance hitherto inunitested by the Leu- 1 hdature to divert this lund from the laudable purpose for which it lias been set apart will not iirement and snpportof our common School. "the piessing exigencies ofthe two last it has been proposed to recall this sum- lor I -of the Treasuiy and its reception by Aroostook rtver, directly to the Madawaska. set- tlements upontbe St. John; but as the expenditure I hi sum depeuded upon the co-operation of. the Massachusetts to a-like extent, ony one IT a3 t0 reder it practicable lor a wlnter rolUe.

Tlie importance oi opening a direct communication with these settlements, now wilhln our actnowed-ed limits, is fully set forth in last the Land Agent; there are also other suggestions in that document, relative to the condilionand wants of the residents State of Massachusetts to a like extent, only one half of the appropriation lias been used by the Agl. VVu expended, the road haabeento- 1 eo.Cmnf a probably be diminished by the improving condition ut our finances and however desirable it may be to increase the means of the Treasury, do no leel at liberty, under present circumstances, to repeat the recommendation ot my predecessor, to reconvert it to its lormer object. Tins view ot our finances, showing as it does the existence of a public debt, winch, though considerably diminished trom lust year, is still foi nullable in amount, will) but little available resouices lor its liquidation, except the sums annually raised by duecl taxation upon the people, cannot fail to admonish us of the necessity of a rigid and systematic frugality, in all the concerns of the pecuniary affairs of the State To discharge the interest upon this debt, and to defray the oidma-y expenses of the government, an onerous tax will be required. To meet these unavoidable liabilities to preserve inviolate the public faith, and to maintain with honor and dignity every department ot the government, the intelligent and patriotic citizens of our Slate will cheeitully contribute. But while submitting without complaint to these necessaiy exactions, they have a right to demand that the strictest economy should pervade every branch ot the public service that every expenditure should he narrowly scrutinized, and all unneebssary liabilities avoided.

It is believed by many, that the oidinary charge of supporting our State government is much too large, and that a close examination of the different items of expenditure would demonstrate th practicability ot a considerable reduction that there aie some offices which might he abolished without detriment to the public interest, and the compensation to others reduced, without injustice to those who hold them. To these enquiries I respectfully invite the attention ot the Legislature, in the hope that a caietul and fiiitli-tul scrutiny into the public expendituies, accompanied by an inflexible determination to cut offevery useless charge upon the Treasury, may result in no inconsiderable saving ol the public money. In tne above exposition of the condition of the Treasury, 1 have made no reference to the sum due from the General Government, under the act of Congress, passed September 4th, 18 41, appropriating the proceeds of the sales of the public lands lor distribution among the States. This sum, amounting to upwards of $17,800, is now in the Treasury oi the United States, and unless its reception be authorized by the Legislature, will enure to the ben-etit of the general government. In the annual messages communicated to the Legislature by my distinguished predecessor, the constitutionality and ex-peuiencv ot this law are elaborately examined, and the policy of the system proposed to be established, reprobated with just and well merited severity opinions thus expressed by the Executive were promptly responded to by the Legislature and such is the universal condemnation it iias received from the people, that but few intelligent men of any party are now found to approve it.

lo declining to participate in this alienation of the national revenue, while such participation would seem to countenance or encourage a scheme so impolitic and unwise, the government of tliia fState have but acted in accordance with the disinterested and patriotic spirit of the people. Looking, however, to the decis ve indications ofthe public will throughout the country, as given in the most authentic iorin, in regard to the whole series of measures of which this formed a part, may' not we be justified jn considering the policy of distribution as fully repudiated and abandoned by both government and people 1 llow far, if at all, this may justify a departure from the course heretofore adopted by the government of tnis State in relation to this subject, the Legislature, in jhe exercise of its deliberate judgment will decide. In connexion with these remarks upon the policy of the National Administration, it may not be improper to advert to the unequal operatinns of the laws now iu force for collecting the revenue necessary to its support. 3 he taxes thus levied upon the people, though indirect in their form, are nevertheless substantial and burdensome exactions upon their industry and resources, and when so framed as to bear witb greater severity on one portion of the community than another, no more entitled to favor and protection, furnish good ground lor remonstrance and complaint; and although the adjustment of these taxes be not within the sphere ot your legislative duties, the important bearing they have upon the interests of those whom you represent, will commend the subject to your serious consideration. At the last revision of our tariff laws, the time seemed peculiarly propitious lor an amicable and permanent settlement ol this disturbing and complicated question; and observing it as I did with deep interest at the time, 1 could not but hope that those entertaining extreme opinions.upon both sides of this controverted subject, would see the necessi-ty ol arranging its details in the spirit ot moderation and compromise of so adjusting the duties upon foreign imports, that an adequate income would be secured to the government, and a reasonable incidental protection afforded to our domestic manulac-tures.

Had the advocates of, a protective policy then manifested a proper torbearauce, it is believed that a tariff would have been formed, which, while effecting its only legitimate purpose of securing a competent revenue, would also nave given the manufacturing interest a sufficient advantage over lor-eign competition. As the system is now arranged, I cannot but consider it as partial and unjust. Through its influence one branch of the Natioual industry may have been quickened into greater activity, and the capital invested in manufacturing establishments made to render larger profits but the other, to us more ms terial branches of Agriculture and Commerce equally important to the public prosperity, are still languishing and depressed, and without any near prospect of essential improvement. In behalf of these great national interests, little governmental interference has ever been solicited, but justice and demand lhat they should he crip- "J'dLbled by no partial or unfriendly leg.s- 'i. 1 upon aq of which the sentiments ot a large nil- 0flhe people were truly teflecled, it is not my purpose now to invite renewed discussion; iiij jmipyBc imw iw ihi'ii- nor is it believed that- any thing need be ad ded to strengthen the convictions of our fellow citizens in lavor ol that system ot policy, under which prior to the last change in its administration, the countiy was so generally piosperous and happy.

Upon the subject of a National Bank, the Legislature and people ol this State have irequently spoken in the most decided and unequivocal terms. The opposition manifested to such an institution, in its days of piosperily and power, has lost nothing ot its lorce by the melancholy developements oflater times; and if it was then considered dangeious to the liberties and corrupting to the morals of the people, subsequent experience has pioved it equally injurous lo the business and currency of the countiv. The general soundness ofthe local currencies, and the consequent equalization ot the exchanges between the most distant points, now maintained without the agency of a National Bunk, are cnuclnsive proofs, that these desirable results may be effected by other and saler means; and an attempt, under present circumstances, to reestablish a similar institution, would seem to evince an utter disregard ol the warnings of example and the teaching of experience. Tiie management of our national finances is always a subject of interest to the people. Their present condition is certainly unsatisfactory and alarming; an insufficient revenue-large expenditures' and rapidly increasing national debt, are the discounting conclusions which a perusal of the public documents compels us to adopt.

In the absence of any extra-ordinaiy calls upon the National Treasury, these repeated and growing deficits in the means cl the government, aie well calculated awaken inquiry and concern. li not seasonably arrested, we may look lor the certain accumulation ol a heavy public debt, to be lell as an unwelcome legacy to our posterity. To provide an ade-quale and timely remedy for these continued de-ficiencies, should be tiie first care jl tiie national Legislature and none could be found so desirable, or more effectual, than an immediate and extensive reduction ot the public expenses. In a general system ol retrenchment and economy, vigorously applied to all the departments ol the government in limited appropriations, and diminished expend. tines of tiie public money, should the pr per measures of rebel be now looked tor and the strong voice of public sentiment, throughout the country, most distinctly points lo sneli an alternative, as furnishing the safest and speediest remedy for an impoverished Treasury.

In iegaid to the administration ol our State finances, I have before adverted to the necessity ot practicing a rigid and systematic economy of reducing by eveiy practical means oui annual expenditures, and ol increasing by all proper expedients tiie resources ol 1 lie Treasury. For the diligent and fnitnlul performance of this duty, we shall all be held lo a just and strict accountability by our common constituents, nud in again uigiug upon your attention, its uupoitance and feel that I am but expiessing the general sense of the people we lepreseiit. I would add, that in nothing could the Legislature give a more acceptable pi not of its desue to les-poud in this matter to tile wishes of its coristit uents, than by milking ihe present session as brief as may be consistent will) a due and proper deliberation upon the subjects claiming its attention, and 1 most respectfully, hut earnestly express tiie hope, lhat tiie tune usually consumed, may he this year considerably abridged. The complaints which have been made of the inconvenience and expense attending tiie operation of some parts ot oui judicial system, induced tiie LegisLatuie ot lust year tn enact a bill, which, had it become a law, would have effected important changes ill the existing forms of legal proceedings. Being passed at a late stage ol tiie session, sufficient tune was not afforded, before the rising ot the Legislature, for the dehbei-ate examination of its provisions, which a measure of such consequence required (mill the Executive.

Tiie bill liav ng failed to receive the sanction ofthe Governor, was spread before the people llirough the medium ofthe public papers, and ample time lias since been aft tided for a lull investigation of its merits and defects. That there are Some faults in the present system is generally admitted in seeking a rtniedy lor these de-fects in an institution so closely interwoven will) the habits and interests oi the community, a wise discretion and an enlightened judgment are eminently called for. Coming as you'do from immediate communication with your constituents, among whom this measure lias been a subject of considerable discussion, you will doubtless be prepared to express tlieii matured opinions in regard to its expediency and propriety. In closing this communication, 1 will take occasion to remark, that however much a portion of our fellow citizens may have suffered during the past year by the pecuniary distress of the times, there is in our present condition and future prospects much cause of mutual congratulation high incitements to continued and vigorous efforts, and above all, manifold cause for irratilude and praise to that beneficent Being who has bestowed upon us the blessings we enjoy, and through whose goodness and mercy we have had sn large a share of health and plenty prevailing among us. In commencing our public duties, let us invoke Hi aid and counsel, and humbly ask that in tlm discharge of ourpubli cfunc-tions.

we may be enabled through his guidance and blessing to advance the interests and promote the happiness of the people. H. J. ANDERSON. Council, Chamber, Augusta, January 5, 1814.

Merchants Magazine January, 1844. This valuable Magazine has been received. It is getting to be a great favorite with the business community. The following papers make up the principal articles in the present number JOHN -S. dAYvVAKD, Bailor.

MONDAY, JANUARY 8, 1844. FOR PRESIDENT, HENRY CLAY, OF KENTUCKY. SLE FIRST PAGE, GOVERNORS MESSAGE. To the Members oj the. Senate anil the Haase, of Representatives Our sste.n of annual elections will frequently bring into places of higli responsibility, persons who have had the benefit of no previous experience m4he respective situations they are called upon to fill; and at times will devolve upon new and untried hands the most important political trusts.

In assuming the duties assigned me by the suifra res of tlie people, I cannot be unconscious of tiie force of tins objection, nor unmindful of the deficiencies in myself which it necessarily implies. Tnere are, however, many advantages in tiie changes which our system of popular elections is calculated to produce. If the State is sometimes temporarily deprived of ability matured by long experience in some particular branch of the public service, a more certain reflection of tne popular will, a deeper sense of immediate dependence upon the people they serve, and a nearer responsibility to the tribunal of the public on the part of those entrusted with political power, is created and secured. Distrusting, therefore, my own ability, I yet enter upon tiie discharge of tiie responsible functions committed to me, with a confident reliance uponfa disposition honestly and faithfully to discharge them and with a firm persuasion, tnat in a resolute purpose of fidelity and zeal in the public service, will be found the safest guarantee for their proper performance. Am mg the subjects whicii will claim your earlies.

consideration, that which involves the care of our State finances may be regarded as of paramount importance. The large amount of our State debt, and the necessity it creates for the imposition of a heavy tax, at a time when the pecuniary embarrassments of our fellow citizens reuder them the least able to bear it has occasioned serious uneasiness and anxiety in the public mind, and the community now look w.tli deep dicitude to the proper authorities of tne State, for such a wise and frugal administration of its finances as shall lessen, as far as possible, the public burdens, i At the da.e of me lastannual report ofthe Treasurer, the whole funded debt of tne State amounted to about redeemable at different periods and most of it bearing an interest of six per ce.it. Since that time there has been received from the General Government, under the provisions of the late treaty with Great Britain, the sum of there has been allowed and paid to the Treasurer the further sum of being the whole amount ap-priated by Congress in payment of the expenses of our civil posse upon the disputed territory and of the claim for military services incurred in defending our northeastern frontier, $76,000 has also been received. These items make an aggregate of $433,000. There still remains due about $2 i0, 100, some of which will require anew appropriation by Congress before it can be paid a portion of this balance has been passed upon by the proper accounting officer, and will probably be paid during the present year.

The large amount paid into the Treasury by the Land Agent, with the other ordinary sources of revenue, has enabled the Treasurer to meet all the liabilities of the Treasury during the past year, including the interest upon the public debt; and the whole sum received from the General Government may be available to the payment of so much of the principal. In pursuance ol the Resolve of 24th March, 184-3, the sum of $62,000, consisting chiefly of the six per cent, stock of the State, has been redeemed by the Treasurer but the terms of the Resolve having limited that officer to the par value of all the stocks, the sudden and unexpected appreciation in the market value of all the sale public securifies, has prevented the redemption of any further sums. Tne Treasurers Report will therefore show, after meeting all the curreut expenses ofthe year, including interest upon the public debt, end the payment of $62,000 of tne principal, the sum of $388, 000 remaining in the Treasury. Assuming it to be the deliberate sense of the Legislature and the people, that the debt of the shall be extinguished as rapidly as possible, it is unfortunate that a somewhat greater latitude had not been allowed to the Treasurer by the Resolve referred to. A considerable poriion of the large amount now in his hands was received early in the year, and had he been authorized to pay a small premium upon the State securities, nearly a years interest would have been saved to the State.

There will beeome due in February and March of next year, a large amount of the six per cent, stocks, and in 1818 about $120,000 of the hve per cent, will be also payable. It is believed that these portions of tiie debt may be purchased at a triding advance, and it would unquestionably be for the interest of the State to cancel these claims, even by the allowance of a small premium, rather than to incur the hazard of investing for so short a period the money on hand. I would therefore respectfully suggest the expediency of so enlarging the authority ol Ihe Treasurer as to empower him to purchase upon the best terms, so much of the State stocks as the amount of money now in the Treasury, together with that to be received from the General Government during the year, will enable him to procure. Should the whole amount expected from the general Government be paid to the Treasurer during the present year, and none of it be appropriated to other objects, ae 1 trust it will not be, upwards of fihUO.GOO of the State debt may be extinguished. i'lrui nm 1 here will then remain the large sum of $1,100,000 to be provided for in some other way.

To meet the interest upon this sum and to delray tiie ordi nary charges upon the Treasury under the present some of expenditures, a heavy tax will still be necessary, and unless considerable reductions be made the public expenses, or the means of the Treasury be enlarged ty other sources of revenue, no diminution ofA present tax can safely be contemplated. It will be seen from the foregoing statement, that the whole amount of the State tax, together with ell the other incidental receipts into the 'Treasury, have been but little above the sum required for the expenses of oar State government, and the payment of the interest upon the public debt daring the past ym and that even in the event of the redaction now eontomjdated the principal of the debt, with the same rale ol receipts and expenditures, but little would be left at the end of the present year towards its liquidation. Itlasi been proposed to dimmish the calls up the Treasuiy, hy transferring the payment of in criminal prosecutions to the Treasuries oi ihe several Counties in which they may ao-crue. The edvsnlagesof this change ve lully set VIICi 1 44; this morning that tu lr; Cabme nominate Spencer to the Bench "a to Ins placein the Tieuat, iu uia plane ill me leasurv I 'aiini objects, as, in case the benat 'll Peuce fhe appointment, he oul 0f bln. ly.

usinesa entire There was an attemptto stave nffu, make the rules and orders the Votp Tuesday next. fo Mi Rlielt of S. C. in the course 0rn. made a second demonatiation again, uLt introducing a lesolufiorr instructing mitteeof Ways and Means to renon C' reduce all duties over 30 per 'eentand Bl1 years to 20 per cetfl, with- discriminates in lavor ol revenue.

nuns in tw onl the Globe thinks is nottobe takeVe111 the sense ol the House upon the merits ol lion. An unsuccessful attempt was Master Wds xie elect a Post Master ofthe House. Resolution of Mr Black tee of Ways and Means to Irff the repeal of the present law, and to for Revenue only, rejected yeas 83 01 By Mr Duncan, instructing the Vay and Means to report a Ml to prov" safe keeping and disbursement of ihe lor absolving the Government with 11 nection with Banks. Adopted by an overn vote-yeas 1 10, nays 53. Mr Hamlin introduced a bill to constitute ill counties of Penobscot and Piscataquis into a roll tion district, and to establish Bangor as purt In the Senate, several resolutions were introdne.

but nothing of general interest transpired, Of Bfjint. Thursday, Jan. turn In the Senate the committee on the Senators reported vacancies in the 3d li.i I and 13th districts accepted. 1 The two houses went into convention for choiJ Senators, and chose for 3d district F.benezerO and Ezra French 1 1 th district Mordecai Mitel .11 12th district, (fallen Sawtelie, Harris Garceloi 13th district, arnum Cram. In the afternoon the Senators elected appeal and were sworn.

11 The committee on the Gubernatorial vutesrepoi ed that the whole number of votes allowed Committee to have been duly and legally return from the several cities, towns and plantations inti Stute for Governor for the current political vea are sixty-three thousand one hundred and sevci necessary to constilule an election, lhirty-01 thousand live hundred fifty-four. 'That Hugh J. Andorson has thirty-two thorn: and twenty-nine Edward Robinson has iwen thousand nine hundred and sevcnly-three aliolh persons have ten thousand one hundred and five. That Hugh J. Anderson having receivodninehu dred and fifty-one votes more than all other per-o voted for, is constitutionally elected Governor of ll Stale of Maine for the current political year-: cepled.

In the House of Representatives after some important business the Speaker announced ihe lowing as the Oommittees of the Boose: On Elections. Messrs. Allen of Afford. Paine Bangor, Bradbury of Kemiebunlc-Iurt, Jlcriill Falmeuth, i oilffs of Molunkus, Tucker ofSai and Grant of Litcktn id On Engrossed Bills. JI-sts Hubbard of Pai Wingate of Sehec, Neves rf Greenwood.

Thing Mt Vernon, Becdle of burg, and Loud of Plymouth. On Finance. Messrs Chadwick of PortlaniUI dram of Wells, Blaney of Bristol, Watts of5 ton.Ingcrsnll of Danville, Knowles, of Hampili and Hutchinson of Penobscot. On Connty F.stimates. Messrs Skillins of 1 Elizabeth, Muart of Noilis, Centner of Nohlebo King of 'Trenton, Farrington of Orrington, Sli of Jackson, and Loud of Ilartland On Bills in the IT Reading.

Messrs Knoi ton of Liberty, Halts" of Rallowell. Thomas Eden, Barnes of Pm-1 Emery of Gorham, by of Dennysville, and Vatts of Buxton. On Leave of Absenc'-. Messrs Leach of Pd mond, Noyes of Greenwood, Rose of Letter Rcniick of Cornish, Tracey of Rome, Fifield Deer Lie, and Coburn of Bloomfield On Pay Roll. Messrs Brown of Herman.

Plat mail of Bradley, Buck of Bucksport, Camphell Greenbush, Mower of Vassalboro, Bodwellof ton, Merrill of Freeport. On Change of Names. Messrs Goodwill oi tl ot, Jameson of Friendship, and Wilson of Ed: comb. The report on the Gubernatorial votes wasi an animated discussion accepted ill to 42. dj-In the Senate Friday, Jan 5, a committee raised to notify Hon.

Hugh J. Anders 0 election as Governor notice given tnthe House meet in convent irn for qualifying the Governor. The Governor was qualified and commumca his Message, to be found in our columns, by ie retary of State. Several reports were laid I the table. In the House the Senate business was concnn in and the two Houses in convention made 01 Councillors, viz Barnabas Palmer, York Theodore Ingulls, Cumberland James C.

Wlietmore, Lincoln; Cleopas Boyd, Somerset. Samuel Palmer. Piscataquis. Joseph A. Linscott, Franklin.

George W. Towle, Aroostook-The Whig candidates received 45 voles and those elected about 116. Later from Europe. By an arrival at New York, we have fi'e later news from Europe. The news from England is unimporta" Lord Mayor of Dublin has announced In' thorough Repealer.

The only political news of importance to Spain. A decree had been issue Queen, for the dissolution of the instance of Olozago, President of without consulting his colleagues, terwards revoked, and CMozaga sen Only a few days before, the Queen, 1 trial ofthe criminal docket, be ore no indictments will be tried. Maine ought to ve Governors with' a within week! is quite snaph UJottobebittenhj OrTheNationel hiog 4, coi r' t(papr(refleie oaturty Tenn settlements, well worthy the attention of the Legislature. 1 would also invite your attention to the suggestions of the Land Agent, in regard to the road communicating with Fort Kent, at the nioutho is river. Tms important, and in laci only avenue to our lands and settlements upon the upper St.

John, is almost impassable except in winter, and as it traverses through the entire length of the public lands, a suitable appropriation lor its improvement and repair, would be lully repaid by the increased value it would give to the public property. The Report ol the Adjutant General will advise you of the present condition ot the nnlitia. Considering a well organized and efficient militia as an indispensable feature iu our scheme ot sell-govcrn-ment-as sometimes essential to the maintenance of public order, always our principal reliance a-gaiust loreign aggression, 1 lament til perceive the decreasing regard evinced by many ol our citizens for its respectability and success. It is grati ymg, however, lo know that this indifference is not universal; and that, iu some sections ol the fetate, vigorous exertions have recently been made to awaken a new and deeper interest in the prosperity oi this useiul and necessary institution. 1 he earn-est and repeated attempts of the State government to iiuproveits condition, and to elevate its character, by Legislative enactments, have attested the concern it has constantly had for this important hrin of our defence, and may be considered as an assurance that it will favor and encourage every well directed effort for its future improvement.

The Constitution of the United States has empowered the General Government to provide for an uniform organization and discipline of the Militia. Some years since, when our relations with a formidable foreign power were supposed to threaten a hostile collision, this duty was attempted by Congress and by its direction, a plan was matured lor organizing and instructing a portion of the militia of each at the public expense. 'The outlines and most of tiie details ot tuis plan weie similar to those before recommended and which had received the sanction ol many of the most enlightened and patriotic statesmen of tiie country. It unfortunately happened, that this plan was presented at a time, when the public nimd was highly excited by an ardent political contest, and it was immediately seized upon by one of tiie parties, as a means of casting odium and reproach upon the other. Among the many topics discussed during that exciting period, nolle was more prominent than tnat denominated, in the parly vocabulary of the day, the standing army and such was the persevering, and 1 regret to say, successful clamor raised against it, that the project wa3 abandoned and has not since been revived.

It is to be hoped that the attention of Congress will again be called to this subject, and that under happier auspices, a system will be adopted, which will give us tiie benefit of a powerful and efficient citizen militia, without imposing upon any class of our fellow-citizens any unnecessary or unequal burthen. In the meantime, in any efforts wbich the Legislature may think proper to make to renovate tiie condition ot the imhtiaof tins Stale, 1 shall cheerfully co-operate. The Reports of the Warden and Inspectors of the Slate trison will be laid before you. For a particular statement of the condition and affairs of that establishment, I refer you to those documents. 1 also transmit herewith the Reports of the Superintendent and Directors of the Hospital tor the Insane.

That this philanthropic Institution is fulfilling the hopes of its patrons and founders, affording a suitable refuge to those of oljjr unfortunate iellow beings to whom fro vide nee, in its inscrutable wisdom, has denied the guidance of reason, and furnishing the means and appliances best adapted to their restoration, must be a source of umningled satisfaction to every right minded and benevolent citizen. The judicious munificence which founded this humane institution, and the prudent and careful supervision constantly exercised over its management, reflect the highest honor upon all concerned in its origin and progress. 1 hat the Legislature will continue to cherish an establishment so well calculated, always to mitigate, and often to remove, one ofthe greatest calamities which can belal our race, 1 will not allow myself to doubt. The attention of the Legislature has upon several occasions been called to the subject ot submitting to the people a proposition to change tiie annual sessions from winter to summer. Believing that a considerable and growing disposition exists among our citizens to favor this change, I again bespeak for it the consideration of the Legislature.

Since the great crisis in the momentary affairs of the couutry, which occurred in the year 1837, the Banking capital of the State has undergone a great reduction; and the amount of capital now invested in these institutions is but little above that, which existed prior to the period, when so sudden and rapid an augmentation was authorized by the Legislature. In the general convulsion of that time, some of those insti.utions were involved in difficulties, by which. they were finally prostrated, and others having surrendered their charters, have wholly withdrawn from business. Those which now remain, are in a solvent and healthy condition and most of them have recovered from the losses sustained during the period to which 1 have refer- 1 red. They are generally doing a limited and safe business, and, at the dale of the last annual report of the Commissioners, had a very contracted circulation.

j. The losses; which have been sustained from lime to time by the public, in consequence of the failure of some ot these institutions, have justly excited the jealously of the people, mid induced the Legislature lo hconsider wether some further sale-gusrds might not be established, which would more effectually protect the community against a lecuirence ol similar disasters. Several propositions have at different tunes been presented, oil ol whicii seem to look to ynlnrgement of the specie basis of theijL MJP8t calculated to furnish a salutary ci gainst excessive issuesRnd to afford 1 prywtant' and efficient check to the 'Jhyrhank. which those institutions havestrwtv Birtpin ilesteij.v If, in addition to the restriction; bhd guaidv tiow established, further liniitatinnMftould be deemed advisable, a considerate loresiglit would seein to point to their early odoption. The chatters of all the Bunks will expire in the year 1847, and it is proper, that if any considerable change is intended to be made in the charters then to be given, tfie institutions interested should be seasonably admonished of tiie terms upon wb.cb their continuance will depend.

In the wise and happy distribution of powers ordained by our complex political system, subjects ot national interest ate exclusively confided to the management of the genetuf government. Without ihe power to direct or control its operations, it is yet not unusual or improper lot those intrusted w.lh the local and particular concerns el the States, to express the opinions Commerce and Resdurces of British America, dprlrcd of age. By G. Porter, F. R.

Secretary of a child, had been declare the British Board of Trade. She declares that Olozago took Post Office Reform, and Uniform Postages. By James M. Whiton, Merchant, of Massachusetts. Our Trade with the British Colonies.

By James II. Lanman, author of the History of Michigan. Coart Courier. The Court have assigned the fourth the Term, commencing on the 22 lation, or their prosperity impeded by the adoption of a system, the burthens of which fall wholly upon them, while its benefits accrue exclusively to some more favored pursuit. The insufficiency of the present tariff to afford the necessary revenue to the government, would now seem to be demonstrated, and in its revision by Congress, we may hope, that all the great industrial interests of the countiy will be deemed equally deserving of attention and regard.

For a particular account of the operations of the Land Office, refer you to the report of the Agent herewith transmitted- It is gratilying to perceive that the receipts into the Treasury from this department have considerably exceeded the es'iinate of the Treasurer; and I trust we may bo justified in anticipating a steadily increasing revenue from its future operations. The sum of $55,000 has been paid into the Treasury by the Land Agent; the whole amount expended upon roads under the Resolve of the last Legislature, together with the ex- pensesofthe commission to locate grants to the forth 0 Uie last annual leportol the Treasurer, settlers upon the St.John, and the cost of explor-and the reasons there given in its favor seem to ig surveying upon the undivided lands.amount-m" conclusive as to its expediency and pro- to about $10,000, have also been paid out me conclusive of the funds realized in that department during the Ifimt to the year 1833, the 1 The Legislature of last year, with provident the Banks was applied to the use ol the Bl liberality, appropriated the sum of six thousand tod formed considerable item of income t1 dollars for the purpose of locating and opening a Treasury. It wye at that time withdrawn from from Letter is the eeooBd range; upon the iL.l. Vf tko Observations on Cotton. BySamuelT.

Corr, Merchant, of Louisiana. 1 The Currency. By John J- Crocheron, of Alabama. Commerce and Commercial Character: Review of Mr Hones Lecture. Tobacco and 8nuff Administration of France.

The statistical and commercial and miscellaneous departments are ftxll arid interesting. Smith Fenno are agents for this work. The County Liberty must have been quite like a -Quaker meeting, as we judge from the fact that the Gazette of Satur day says nothing about it, while on Friday it promised to give the proceedings the next day..