Bangor Daily Whig and Courier from Bangor, Maine • 2

BANGOR DAILY WHIG AND COURIER. UOijig ant) ounet. Wheeler Lynde, Proprietors. itsoon amalgamates with our native population, I from them others unskilled can receive in. and after a few years cannot be distinguished from I gtmetion, 'when called into public Service it.

It is not creditable to us, who in As we are the agents of the people, who rnfbT. have confided to us important trusts, it will dices against foreigners. This country was made I doubtless DC to every member of for the down trodden and oppressed of all nations. I government to discharge them in 5 1 By liberal laws we have invited forcigners to our manner a3 to meet the approbation of shores, and there are hardships enough incident to whom he has derived 1 i their exile from their native homes, without the those from wnom lie nas ueritCU Us au- imposition of new and onerous regulations, causing I thority, unnecessary disquiet aud vexation in their efforts Jfc 'will afford IUC the highest Satisfaction to avail themselves of the benefitof those laws. co-operate with VOU in making such is another act passed by the last Legisla- efWtuallv uromoto ,1 ture, which must tend to continue the irritation al-1 as Will most CnCCluauy promote tiic true ready existing on the subject of slavery.

Its purport is to prevent any one holding office under this State from aiding in the apprehension of fugitive slaves. This law would probably have no practical effect, for a fugitive slave has never been retaken iu this State, and if one should come hither, To the Editor of the Whig and Meusrs Editors I read with interest ti.e communication in your of rh7e7pensTof 'foirowing him at so great a distance 1 paper Saturday, would be very likely to deter an owner from the neadeil jursuit. But ill any event, all such laws are ob-ectionable. They indicate a disposition to escape 1 l'a niirfht. tint I Christianicus and Scopticus.

I thir.k it wss very wrong in Christianicus to be ai.rv VV ought not I with Sceplicus, if indeed he teas. He Webster Academic School Dictionary. We are indebted to Messrs. G. C.

Merriam, of Springfield, for a copy of this Dictionary, Mason Brothers, N. Y. publishers. It is of very convenient size and shape for a school hand-book, and is sufficiently comprehensive in its definitions for ordinary use- It cannot of course be so full in this respect as the great unabridged work from which it is derived. It contains 460 pages of a beautiful small quarto form admitting three columns to the page thus giving a large amount of matter in a volume very convenient and portable fot the scholar.

It is the most recent of the School Abridgements of Worcester. The retail price is from 1,00 to 1,25 and it may be found at all the bodkstores. In regard to the sale of Websters works, the New York Commercial Advertiser makes the following statements The Works of Noah Webster. It is supposed that with the exception of the Bible, the lexicographic works of Noah Webster have the largest circulation of any bookin the English language. Nearly twelve hundred thousand copies of Websters Spelling Book were sold by one firm in this city laBt year, and it is estimated that more then ten times as many are sold of Websters Dictionaries as of any other series in this country.

Four-fifths of all the school books published in the United States are said to own Webster as-their standard. The State of New York has placed 10,000 copies of Webster's Unabridged in as many of her public schools. Massachusetts has, in lilje manner, supplied 3248 of her schools nearly all. Wisconsin and New Jersey have provided for all their schools. from our constitutional obligations.

ought to expect to enjoy all that is agreeable in our na-1 rather to have pitied him, and praved for 1 tional relations, while we repudiate what is uucon-1 genial to our tastes. We should never give our consent to a law, which is not required by stron necessity, when it is directly calculated to create an animosity between the iuhabitants of diderent States. The strength of a Republic consists in the integrity and intelligence of its people In their hands are all the powers of Government. If they are vicious and ignorant, they caunot long retain their liberty. It is the duty of the Legislature to promote the education of the great body of the people.

It is true, that towns and districts exercise a watchful care over the schools within their limits, aud we must look to them as the immediate and constantly active guardians of education. The Legislature can increase their means, and not tllig be equaIlv enable them to impart instruction in a more per-1 feet and thorough manner, and to a greater extent. Wlto But suppose a whole company ot Cl.ristiar. with their pearls shining on their lorthcsd, diffusing light 8nd heat around, should sd five hundred miles for Scepticus, and effir a sunt of money, if he would only com, his black, hard stone, to instruct and en them. Would not this be loolish and when Scepticus had come, with his black, l.crj stone, suppose thousand Christians, their bright shinuig pearls upor their foreheads, should flock after him, to be enlightened.

Wou II. II. The instructioirof teachers appears to be a measure benefit. The increase of knowl- direct practical benefit. The increase of are the Deserters Mr.

Rttd re-of knowl-1 ceived tne complin tent ol but seven votes in the edge on their part enables them to communicate I Senate, when all the nine Straight-Whig mem-more abundantly toothers, and thus the way is pre- bers were present. Who ate the deserters-pared for a broader field of information. Who refused to stand by that abused individual The Legislature is moreover bound by the Con- 0j aldoboro', who, according to General stitution suitably to endow literary titatioD. of has received so many and such crue higher trrade than common schools. Itthosewhol ruei engage in the various and ordinary occupations of U-b(k de-rted tllBt questi life, could receive a liberal education, such as may I ss it the lion-hearted barley, or the smooth-be obtained in our Colleges, it would not ouly be I spokun Barnes, or the aicomplished Hadut, beneficial to them personally, but would greatly in-1 or tho venerable Burrtll, or the youthful liean crease their ability for usefulness.

Under the favoring auspices of the I nion, Maine must ever be a great commercial State. Her long line of sea-coast with numerous safe and commodious harbors, invites commerce to her shores. The building of a greater number of ships than any other State of the Union, the merchant service upon the ocean, the fisheries, and the mechanic arts, engage the attention, and furnish employruent to a lare uumber of persons. But three hur.dred thousand, at least, of our whole population are directly supported by agriculture and all are aiepeudeiit for subsistence on those who cultivate the earth. The improved culture of every farm adds to the real wealth of the State.

The distribution of a well written treatise on agricultural chemistry, to the several towns and plantations, it is believed, would I The California papers of the last stesmtr io prove a judicious expenditure and every eneour-1 not give full particuiars of the melte betuetn agemeut, dictated by a wise leg islation, should be I 0ftCera an(y supposed murderers ot Wi.i giveir to actual settlers upon the lands of the Mate. Williamson, in Monterey countv but acta The renort of the Land AgeuY will show the con- I 1 dition of the land office, and the present state of them and Irani private corresponaencc, we. e.ra the public lauds. It is beheve-d by me to be the I that Mr. fchentf John Heating was i.ot true policv of the State, not to sell any timber I Geo.

V. Keating of the sheriffs jrsee was lands, unless it is in want of the money, and not I severely wounded in the shoulder, but is dcn.g to give credit upon the sales. It is better to sell I weu. Both the Keatings went Irom them at a less price for immediate payment, thau I were horn there, and are toung, active ar.d a large one on credit, with the hazaid 11oss. in 1 brave men, as the nets show.

Four or live the end. or great delay ami expense collecting! 9 the debts. Many difficulties would be avoided hi others were seriously wounded Ie benu of the administration of the affairs of the land office, outlaws seems -to be compost of numerous r-if the powers of the agent were limited in its im-1 olute and reckless l.o appear to te mediate duties, and the sade of settling lands only; I determined to fight to the Lst. At idt accounts and commissioners, chosen by the Legislature, or they were under cover ol a det.se ebappare. appointed by the Governor and Council, could su 1 or was it the placid Bluisdell, Reed, or the modest Ayer, Rowell Lets have an inquisition, and have it determined who are the seven, and who ere the The seven owe it to themselves to clear their skirts.

It was most unkind in these two, to refuse Mr. Reed the naked compliuur.t ot votes, when the election ol Judge ehs wis a fixed fact, by reason of his twenty democratic supporters. Ot all the desertions ol whi.h Reed has been made the victim, thi, is the most cruel and heartless. Kennebec Juumn1. where they bid defiance to their pursuers, lhe er in perfect friendship and amityr like the members of one common family.

If reproach and vituperation are btstowed upon each other such language will in the end produce its legitimate effects, engendering hatred id ill will, Bnd at length breaking out in destructive action. All the colonies participated in flighting the battles of the revoluvion. The patriots who had hazarded their lives in defence of liberty, after the war was over, sat down together and framed the Constitution. Slavery then existed in nearly every colony. Ea ch State being sovereign and independent, was under no obligations but those of patriotisrja to come into the confederacy.

They severally possessed the rights to regulate their own domestic institutions without interference of any one, and if this independence of individual States had not been conceded, the Constitution could not have been formed, and the ho'peof a free and enlightened government of the people, on this continent, would have expired. This slave population at that time, as at present, constituted about one-sixth part of all the inhabitants. It was undoubtedly expected in the early days of the republio that shavery would not continue many years. And there have been periods when there was a prospect of the adoption of measures to accomplish its remo vad. But we have reason to believe that it has been retarded by the agitation of the siibject in the free States.

A class of persons hare labored assiduously for a quarter of a century toxcite tne feelings and prejudices of the people against the south and its institutions. They have enlisted the sympathies of those who are ignorant of the true conditions of the slaves, organized political parties with the avowed Parpose generally of acquiring power to amelio-Yate their condition, and without any distinct and well-defined object or course of action of a practical character. The history of their efforts demonstrates the weakness and inutility of them. They have liberated but few, if any, slaves, and have nut removed slavery from a single rod of territory. Discretion would indicate a change of measures, the cultivation of charity and kindness, and a broader range of social duties towards those whose political welfare and destiny are so closely united with ours.

If the owners of slaves should be willing to emancipate them, provided they could be distributed among the several States, in proportion to their population, it would give one slave to every six or seven free persons. Many of the slaves would be incapable of labor through age, infirmi tv, and childhood and would require support as paupers. The residue would be at liberty to seek such subsistence as theii wants might demand, in the same manner as free blacks usually do. The inhabitants of the north and west would not be benefitted by an accession to their population of their proportion of three and a half millions of blacks. It requires no great degree of foresight to perceive, that nearly every city and town in the free States would refuse their admittance.

When those who are most deeply interested in negro slavery and have reflected most upon the subject shall desire to reliet themselves of it, they will probably adopt a gradual mode of emancipation. The relation between master and slave cannot be suddenly dissolved with safety to either, while the number of slaves is so large. They might be freed after arriving at a certain age, and sent to Africa, the land of their origin, with habits of industry and a degree of knowledge and civilization, which they never could have obtained in their native country. If the negro race is capable of self-government, and possesses the inherent power of advancement in self-culture, ample scope is now presented for the exercise of it on the continent of Africa. A evidence of a highly satisfactory character, negroes do possess this power, it is already shown in the colony of Liberia, that those who have been taught in the school of slavery, can sustain a firm ana stable government, and defend themselves against barbarian and hostile tribes.

The increase of the colony will constantly add to its reputation, and when. its commerce shall be expanded and its flag respected and a growing marine exist, the eyes of the colored race will be turned towards it, and there will flow into it a constant tide of emigration. No reason appears to exist why it may not surpass in vigor and wealth, and much more in a good government, the nations which have flourished on the northern continent. Some of our national vessels might be fitted and employed in carrying to that colony all who are willing to be transported thither: And the expenditure would appear to be equally legitimate, as the employment of national vessels to guard the coast. An extended line of settlement of hardy colonists, capable of bear ing arms would prove quite effective in checking the slave trade.

The southern people are subjected to the burden of slavery, they know how to treat it be tter than 'we do, and it is alike alien to patriotism, and a true sense of religious duty to inflame the minds of southern citizens and aggravate the ir condition by a constant course of censure and an unnecessary interference with their affairs. The Missouri compromise line was an arrangement between different sections it cooled the passions and allayed the prejudices of contending parties. It had remained in fore.e a third of a century, and its repeal gave offence to ruany true friends and occasion to the uprising of a wilder spirit of abolitionism than had ever before infested the country. Men, who had been loy al to their constitutional obligations, in a moment of resentment broke away and united with vie ious political associations, that threatened, fo a time, to destroy the very foundations of the republic. Hut whatever opinions may be entertaine of the policy of that measure, it has passed, a 7 id the principle is adopted, that each territory may determine the character of its own institute jns.

In itself this is unquestionably most in accoj dance with the basis of American government aud the true idea of the liberty of communities. "Those who wander from the places of their birth, lay the foundation of new States and endure all the hardships and privations of infant settlements, merit the right of making their own laws, for the government of their homes a-jd firesides. They can appreciate their necessities and interests better than former associates. wiom they have left at a great distance behind the m. All the territories whenever situate are oyen to a free competition of institutions; there is no longer any line to check expressly or by implication the establishment of such legislation us is congenial to the habits of the people.

And the time will probably soon come when very few will desire the restoration of that line, and an end will be put to the constant and bitter conflict of opinion arising from that subject. The regulation ot' the sale ot intoxicating liquors will claim the early attention of the legislature. The laws upon that subject have undergone frequent changes, and with the light of experience, a new one may be framed, which will suit the wants of the community. The liability to abuse and excess in the consumption of such liquors, calls upon society to restrain the sale as far as is consistent with the liberty of the citizen. Intemperance is a great evil, the parent of many sorrows, vice, and crimes, and every legitimate and proper means should be used to prevent tt.

But the true foundation of temperance must be laid in education. Fine3 and imprisonment terrify and restrain to some but they rarely reform. Every man capable of managing his affairs has the right to determine for himself what shall be eaten or drank in hi3 own house, and any attempt by law to control him in the exercise of it, cannot be justified. But when one undertakes to act upon society, by selling liquor, the law can properly prescribe rules for his government, he then makes himself amenable to the will of Society, in the employment of a proper discretion, may protect itself. The use of stimulants containing the intoxicating principle, has prevailed among all nations from the earliest times, and it is not probable, that it will ever be entirely abandoned.

Whether a persou will or will not use intoxicating liquors as a beverage, is a question for his own determination- One triay persuade another as to what he shall do in relation to himself in morals or religion, but coercion in respect to such action is persecution. It is founded in the sentiment that one knows what is better for his neighbor than the neighbor knows for himself, and a unity of will must be made by compulsion. An attempt of this kind is at war with the very elements of civil liberty. The wauts of the community will be satisfied with a very restricted sale, by granting licenses in each city and town, to no more sellers than will conveniently accommodate the purchasers. It is a desirable object to place the traffic in the hands of respectable citizens.

Innholders furnishing liquors to their guests and travellers alone, would stand in the same situation as the heads of families. Importers under the laws of the United States should be allowed to sell in the original packages. And there are some classes of persons to whom sales should be prohibited, those whose habits show them unfit to be trusted with what they are sure to use improperly. The public good requires that no intoxicating liquors should be allowed to be drank in the shops where they are sold. Such practices lead breaches of the peace and other conduct injurious to society.

It does not accord with wise and consistent laws to forbid the manufacture of an article, which is permitted to be sold. No doubt the Legislature will enact a law, with suitable penalties, that will receive the approbation of the people and will accomplish all that legislation can be expected to do, in promoting the cause of temperance. Although many well meaning persons have approved of the existing law on this subject, believing it to be the best instrumentality to advance a good' cause, it seemsjto me, that they have done so, without a thorough examination and understanding of it, and that no rational an unprejudiced man, who has studied it attentively, can sanction its tyrannical details, and recommend it, as a rule of government, to a free people. Ever since the organization of the State, there has been an intermediate court between justices of the peace and the Supreme Judicial Court, until the year eighteen hundred and fifty-two, when the district court was abolished. The smallest causes may now be carried by appeal from the decision of a justice of the peace to the Supreme Court.

Courts of final resort where the life, liberty and property of every person may be brought into controversy, ought not to be required to engage in the investigation of causes of small magnitude. They should be exempt from the hurry and confusion of an ordinary business court The mind wearied with painful attention in hearing a multiplicity of motions, adjusting and disposing of numerous small actions, turns with diminished vigor to the trial of larger ones. At present all the actions to be heard and de cided are in one court, and the number for trial on the dockets in the several courts is understood to be greater than usual. When so many actions stand for trial, especially in the large counties, great expense is occasioned to suitors by delay, and in the difficulty of knowing whan to be prepared for trial. A party must wait term after terra the slow action ol the law before his term will come.

Not unfrequently witnesses are summoned and attend court at great expense, and it is found that the court cannot sit long enough to reach the cases in which they are to testify, or that they must wait many days, and the consequence is that the actions are continued. These evils are more or less incident to all courts, but more more especially to the present organization It is the duty of the State to provide a sufficient number of courts, so that there should be no unnecessary expense or delay in the administration of justice. In my judgement, the establishment of a Count of Common Pleas would improve the condition of the judiciary and be a measure of utility and economy to our citizens. If another court is formed, it will be necessary to diminish the number of judges of the Supreme Court. A reduction can be made to the desired number as fast as vacancies may occur.

It is somewhat remarkable that in the changes our judiciary has gone through, the highest court for the decision of legal questions should not be formed in a strictly legal manner. By the present law, four judges are designated to decide questions of law and equity and for the trial of capital offenses leaving four to attend iury trials. The four last named axe not precluded in express terms from peting with, the former, but snch is the evident implication. Three of the members so des as a law court, may hear all questions which may come before the court, but a majority may decide them. Two judges out of eight can determine all questions of law.

By the Constitution of this State there is no subordina tion of one Judge ot the Supreme Judicial Court to a noth er. They all stand upon the same tooting of equality their powers are the same. The Constitution does not even provide for a chief justice. The judges together constitute the judicial power of the state aud a distinct department of the Government. The Legislature make! the laws and prescribes the jurisdiction of the court, but the judges construe and expound them.

The title given to the court, Supreme Judicial Court, by the Constitution implies that each member of it belongs to a tribunal ol final jurisdiction. No power is given to the Legislature to apportion their labor. When called upon by the Governor, Council, Senate, or House of Representatives, in the language of the constitution, to. give their opinions upon important questions of law and upon solemn occasions, a majority of the whole number can determine them. If those who are not embraced in the law court should insist upon uniting with those who in taking part with them, who could prevent it? If the Legislature may prescribe their respective duties, it might say that some of them should try one class of cases and some another some should confine their attention to actions originating with justices of the peace, while others should examine cases of more importance.

The preservation of the distinct and separate powers of the government forbids that one branch should exercise over another a supervision not contemplated by the Constitution. It does not seem to fall within the province of the legislature but belongs to the several members of the court alone to divide and arrange their labors among themselves each one having equal anthority to act as a member of a tribunal possessing final jurisdictson, whether presiding at jury trials or aiding in deciding questions ot law. Xo man can be insensible to the absolute neces sity of au upright and intelligent administration of justice. Our judges should be uninfluenced by passion or prejudice in the discharge of their du ties, looking ouly to what is legal and just, irre spective of the persons whose causes are brought before them. It should be the aim and endeavor of good men of al! parties sedulously to exclude from, our courts all partizan bias and not allow them to be moulded or influenced by party politics.

ALl classes of citizens should have confluence in the impartiality and fidelity of both judges and jurors. And auy designed or improper omission to place the names of suitable-persons upon the list of jurovs, or changing the form and jurisdiction of legal tribunals in order to give the control of them to men of peculiar views upon any particular subject, cannot, under any circumstances be justified. Where it may appear that such acts heve been done, a corrective should be applied, as far as it falls within the power of the Legislature. An act was passed by the last Legislature requiring persons, wno had ljeen naturalized, to exhibit their naturalization papers three months at least before the day of election, to entitle him to vote. When an alien becomes an American citizen, he is such fully and effectually in all respects.

He is entitled to all the rights and privileges of citizenship. Xo particular duty can be required of him that is not required of other citizens. And laws should be uniform in their operation, capable of affecting ail classes alike, and those which are made exclusively for some and cannot in any event apply to others, are not the laws contemplated by the constitution. The essence and nature of a law in a free government is a rule of action for all the people, ft is suehjlaws only that the Legis-ture can enact. If the Legislature has power to provide that all the electors in the State should furnish evideuce of their right to vote, three months before election, the act in question is not of that general character and must therefore be invalid.

The constitution of this State requires a residence of three months next preceediug any election, to entitle a person to vote for State officers. Can the Legislature add another prerequisite to the constitution, and say that the electors should do other acts at certain prescribed times before election? If it can, then the constitution may be so far changed as to add new qualifications by statute to he elective franchise. The law requiring the names of voters to he entered upon the lists, authorizes it to be done down to the time of voting. If it precluded a person from exhibiting evidence at the polls of his right to vote, aud from having his name then put upon the lists, it would appear to be a requirement additional to the Constitution, and not within the power of the Legislature. The act under consideration is amenable to both of the foregoing objections, and'in my judgment unconstitutional.

The act of the same Legislature, forbidding the courts of the State from exercising jurisdiction in relation to naturslization, may not be liable to the charge of being unconstitutional, but it is extremely illiberal, and bears with unnecssary severity upon persons of foreign birth. The exercise of this jurisdiction by the State courts has been coeval with the organization of the government. Under this law, those who desire to become citizens must be subjected to increased expense and trouble, and travel a great distance with their witnesses to reach the courts of the United States. The true policy of our State is to encourage the introductiou of foreign labor. At the last census Maine had a population of five hundred and eighty-three thousand one hundred and sixty-nine.

Of these persons only thirty-one thousand eight hundred and twenty-five bom in foreign countries. Every full grown person, who is able and willing to labor, adds very much to the riches of a State. And the census shows that no just ground of apprehension can be entertained from the amount of foreign population. Our experience teaches that Legislative Proceedings We give some portions of the proceedings of Thursday not before given in despatches Thursday, Jan. 3.

The Senatorial vacancies were filled as follows 8th District. 8 th District. Jonas Weston, lOtA District. Phillip S. Lowell.

Iu the House the following standing committees were appointed On Elections Messrs. Fuller of Augusta Blanchard of Yarmouth, Eaton of Plymouth, Ham of Lewiston, Duren of Calais, Moore of Ellsworth, Came of York. On Finance Messrs. Levensaler of Thomas-ton, Scammon of Saco, Todd of Portland, Foster of East Machias, Patten of Richmond, Swa-zey of Bucksport, Baker of Exeter. On County Estimates Messrs.

Dana of Wis-casset, Andrews of Bridgewater, Bean of Brooks, Emerson of Orland, Reed of Hallowell, Cushman of Hebron, Archer of Fairfield. On Bills in the third i ending Messrs. edge-wood of Corinth, Luntof Bowdoinham, Walter of Gardiner, Hodsdon of Alton, Pishon of Yassalborough, Pearson of Machias, Sawyer of Stoneham. On Engrossed Bills Messrs. Stanwood of Au-gusto, Pike of Topsfield, Lindsay of Norridge-wock, Titcomb of Kennebunk, Deering of Hampden, Trickey of Cape Elizabeth, Chase of Buckfield.

On the Pay Roll Messrs. Baker of Gorham, Pool of Bristol, Felker of Concord, Frost of Norway, Wall of St. George, Silsby of Amherst, Darling of Greenville. On Leave of Absence Messrs. Chandler of Fryeburg, Stinson ot Deer Isle, Davis of Milford, Merrill of Buxton, Burkett of Appleton, Owen of Leeds, Lancaster of Farmingdale.

On Change of Names Messrs. Stinson of Poland, Goodale of Wells, Chesley of Matta-wamkeag. A message was reeeived from Gov. Morrill, returning with his objections a bill passed at the last session additional to the 79th chapter of the Revised Statutes. Laid on the table and ordered to be printed.

Friday, Jan. 4. Senate. Allen Crane, Senator elect from the ninth district, appeared and took his seat. Mr Butler, from the joint select committee appointed to wait upon the Hon Samuel Wells, Governor elect, and to inform him of his election, reported that they had discharged their duty, and the Governor was pleased to say that he accepted the honor, and that he was ih the Council Chamber, and ready to take and subscribe the m-cessary oath of office, to enable him to enter upon the discharge of his official duties.

On motion of Mr Swasey, Ordered, That a message be sent to the House proposing a convention of the tyo branches in the Representatives Hall at 12, for the purpose of administering to the Governor elect the qualifying oaths of office. At quarter to 12, M. the. Senate went into convention for the purpose of administering to the Governor elect the qualifying oaths of office. HOUSE.

A message was received from the Governor, laying before the Legislature the returns of votes given on the amendments to the Constitution, and, after some discussion, read and laid on the table. Mr. Blaxe, of Bangor, presented the remonstrance of Moses Woodman against the right of Alden B. Weed to a seat in this House as Representative from Oldtown, Referred to Committee on Elections. Mr.

Talbot, of Lubee, from the committee appointed to inform Hon. Samuel Wells of his election as Governor of the State, reported that that duty had been performed, and that the Governor elect had signified his readiness to accept the same, and take and subscribe the qualifying oaths of office. A message was received from the Governor laying before the Hou.se the report of the Commissioner of the Paris Exhibition, and the same was laid upon the table. A message, was received from the Senate proposing a Convention of both branches of the Legislature, at 12" oclock, in the Hall of the House of Representatives, for the purpose of administeiing the. oaths of office to Hon.

Samuel Wells, Governor asking the concurrence of the House. On motion of Mr. Talbot, the House non'eon-curred with the proposition of the Senatmand proposed a similar convention at a quarter before twelve. A message was afterwards received from the Senate informing the House of the concurrence of that body with the proposition of the House. At the designated time the Senate came in and a convention was formed.

IN CONTENTION. Mr. Svrasev, of Cumberland, was charged wifh a message to" the Governor elect, informing him of the formation os the convention and their readiness to proceed to the administration of the oaths of office, and subsequently reported that the Governor elect would attend the convention forthwith. Hon. Samuel Wells thereupon came in, accompanied by Governor Morrill and Council and the Heads of Departments, and having taken and subscribed the requisite oaths, was declared Governor of the State of Maine for the ensuing political year, apd proceeded to deliver the following ADDRESS.

Gentlemen of the Senate and House of Representatives We assemble together by the favor of divine Providence from whose benificent hand we receive all our possessions. Our hearts should expand with grateful emotions to Him for the ab undant products of the earth, for exemption from pestilence and wasting disease, and especially tor the benefits of a free government, a government of the people, without kings, lords or nobles, and in which there is ample scope for every industrial pursuit incident to man. But although our government is founded upon the principle of representation, in a more perfect form than was ever before understood by any nation ancient or modern, it cannot be preserved without constant vigilance, without honesty and sincerity of purpose, and a practical ability, which justly appreciates the true mode of conducting public affairs. If we are negligent of our political rights, and do not exercise over them a perpetual and constant care, we may find when we awake to our true condition, that it is too late, and that all is lost by our supineness and inattention. The subject of slavery in the southern States and territories continues to engross a large share of the public mind at the north.

Although we are happily relieved from the existence of slavery among us, yet many of our citizens are more engaged in examining and discussing its policy and than any other question of a public nature. In our estimation slavery is a great evil, the removal of which from the limits of our common country would be highly graifying to every patriotic citizen. But it is not the part of wisdom in order to remove one evil, to bring upon ourselves an avalanche of evils. The true law of progress is slow, but sure and certain, not destructive but beneficial in its operations and results By a prudent observance and willing obedience to this law, our form of government has been pre-seryed, and there has not been a period since it institution, when it was in a more vigorous condition, and wheu the American people were more powerful and abounding in all the elements of wealth and strength, than at the present moment. When the people of the United States adopted their constitution, they thirteen feeble colonies, just come out of a long and harrasing war they were literally poor, a large portion of their property having been spent to secure their independence.

Now we have thirty-one States, extending from the St. John to the Rio Grande, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific ocean, possessing immense resources and all the means of greatness. Nor are primitive virtue and courage and aptitude for self-defence wanting. The different States should be bound togeth MONDAY, JAN 7, 1856. For Railroad, Steamboat, Stage, Express and Public House Advertisements, see bourth PWe- tfyjr For Bounty Land notices see First Page.

fjg-For City of Bangor advertisements see first page. Who is Treaherous Now Our readers have seen that the Strait Whigs of the Legislature have deliberately abandoned the Gubernatorial candidate of the Strait Whig party, by forming a coalition with the hunker democrats, the first article of which was the election of Samuel Wells for Governor. By voting to send up the names ot Reed and Morrill from the House, 'instead of Heed and Wells, they had it in their power to secure the election of Mr. Heed but they have deliberately united with the democrats, and thereby subverted the independent existence of the Whig party, which, before election was held up as a grand object to be attained and preserved, and a cogent reason why anti-Nebraska Whigs ought not to unite with the Republican party. Yes-while accusing the great body ot anti-Nebraska Whigs of "treachery to the Whig party in supporting the Republican candidate, who is a free soil man, they themselves had the distinctly formed purpose, now carried out, of themselves supporting the democratic candidate, who is an ultra pro-slavery man, in his practical politics.

It will not do to say that this treachery of the Strait Whig 'members, is no treachery because Mr. Reed himself may have been consenting to it. Their fealty, (according to the former doctrines of the Bangor Journal and State of. Maine) wss due, not so much to the man and the candidate, as to the party i and they have deliberately cheated the party, by merging it with another and more powerful organization, opposed to, instead of agreeing with it, in its principles. This was not the entertainment to which many Strait Whigs supposed themselves invited, as we believe and there are many, who voted for Mr.

Reed (without expecting office from democratic hands to pay for it), who will not be likely to e'ndorsethe transfer, particularly as it is likely to involve them in future support of the "National pro-slavery, democratic party. Lecture upon Kansas. We are happy to announce, that J. Hutchinson, (of Kansas,) who has been speaking to large audiences in the New England States, will address the citizen of this city, this (Monday) evening, at 7 1-2 oclock, at the City Hall. Mr.

H. has been a resident of Kansas for the past fifteen months was a member of the Kansas Legislature, and has now been sent as Delegate to the New England States, to expose the outrages perpetrated upon that people. These facts, we trust, will be sufficient to secure him a crowded house. Let every man and woman improve this opportunity to get direct and reliable information from a region which is now' attracting so much attention. The lecture is free.

Panorama of Pilgrims Progress. This great painting will be exhibited this evening, at Norombega Hall, for thlast time and the op-pprtunity should be embraced by all who desire to see one of the finest artistic works of the age. It is a morel exhibition, calculated to benefit all who witness it especially the young and susceptible mind. The impressive scenes in Bunyans great allegory are brought vividly out upon the canvas. We are much obliged to "Franklin Pierce for a pamphlet copy of his message, franked to us through the mail.

The telegraph was ahead of him however, and we do not see as the pamphlet copy gives any better constitutional views of Slavery, than the telegraph did. We notice in the N. J. Magazine, that our fellow citizen Mr, James Mills, son of P. Mills, who is now connected with the scientific department of Harvard College, is to deliver a public lecture at the New Jerusalem Church in Boston, Jan.

31. Merchants Express. Mr. MMurtries Express is removed from No. 22 West Market Square to John Lows building near the Custom House a very central and convenient location.

Account of sales of American lumber has just been received from Buenos Ayres, Oct. 31, from which it appears, that the price averaged about 30 per thousand feet, on four and six months. At a meeting of the B. R. L.

last Friday evening, the following officers were chosen Captain E. L. Appleton. 1st Lieutenant Chas E. Osgood.

2d Lieutenant Wm. H. Mills, Jr. 3d Lieutenant F. B.

Smith. The falling off in rents at sa Francisco has rapid and great. Te Union Hotel building, which rented las. year for gq00 a month, has been leased at a monthly rent of 1000. I he Ells orih American is now published by Mr.

j. Sawyer, who has purchased the establishment of Mr. Chaney. Not for Pierce. The Augusta correspondent of the Belfast Journal (Buchanan paper) says: The question of four delegates at large to the national democratic convention, is the occasion of much discussion.

The election of Morrill, and other indications make it plain that a very large majority of the democratic members are in favor of some other presidential candidate than Gen. Pierce. The following resolution was passed by the Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of Alabama, on the 4th ult. Resolved, That the -retail traffic in alcoholic drinks is demoralizing in its tendency, opposed to the principles of our order, and therefore inconsistent with the Masonic character. To catch mice, place sweetmeats in your mouth on going to-bed, and keep your mouth wide open.

When you feel the whiskers of the mouse, bite It was lately decided by the Irish Court of Queens Bench, that a clergyman of the Church of England could legally marry himself. The Legislative Chaplains. The people of Maine will observe with no less surprise than regret, that the most bitter, pBrtizan and proscriptive spirit has been manifested by the dominant party in both branches of the Legislature in the choice of Chaplains. Both the ministers chosen, were nominated in caucus and put through by the same party vote which was polled for candidates elected to other offices. That such a course as this will be sincerely deprecated by all who honestly desire to keep "religion and its ministers out of the arena of party politics, is quite evident.

The practice of the Legislature for several years past has been to extend an invitation to all resident ministers in Augusta and Hallowell. This mode has been found to work eminently well neither branch was ever without a chaplain, and no members religious feelings were injured by having thrust upon him continually a minister of a different creed from his own. All were heard in turn. The pretense on which a departure from this well established rule is justified5 by the party in power is, that they did not desire to be ridden with political preachers. Now there none of that class either in Augusta or Hallow-ell.

We do not know a single minister in either place, who, in the last campaign, or any campaign, ever made a political speech. A large proportion, it is true, very quietly voted, as they had a right to, for the Republican candidate for Governor; and for that act, and that alone, was this legislative ostracism placed upon them. If the Legislature had been honest in their desires to procure chaplains who had not participated in politics at all, they would, in confining their choice to Augusta, have been compelled to take the pastors of the Unitarian and Congregational societies, neither of whom cast a vote at the late election, nor, so far as we know, made any public expression of preference for this or that party. But no 1 neutrality in politics was not the quality sought for in a chaplain. He must be on our side, quoth the party bigots, and they therefore elected the two ministers, and the only two, in Augusta who voted against Mr.

Morrill. Here was a direct reward offered to a minister of religion for having pursued a certain political course, and in tendering it, the ruling majority in effect said to the clergy of Maine, You shall not be considered worthy to offer a prayer in the Legislative Halls' unless you join our party even neutrality shall not be allowed you must vote with us. We think such a course is well calculated to excite astonishment and indignation in the public mind. Kennebec Journal. Maine Law Triumph in New York.

The N. Y. correspondent of the Boston Journal says The Maine Law men have secured a marked and unexpected triumph. It is well known that the creed of the Democrats is adamantine of the most solid kind. Its organ in this city, the Daily News, is ably edited, and takes the rankest ground against the present National -Administration against the Maine Law Abolitionism Soft Democracy and Know Noth-ingism in particular.

The Democrats went into the campaign last fall and carried all these principles through. No man was nominated who was not known to be sound on all these questions. Among the nominations made by the Adamantines was a candidate for the high office of Judge of Appeals. They put in nomination Hon. Samuel L.

Seldon of Rochester. Six weeks ago voters made Mr. Seldon Judge. He had long been a Hard Democrat and a party man. He was known to be opposed to the Maine Law.

He was nominated by the Liquor Dealers Convention, as well as by the Hard Democrats. He accepted both nominations and yet one of his first acts as a Judge is to declare the Maine Law of New York constitutional in one of its most offensive sections that of summary trial, without b. Of course those who elected Judge are not stinted in their wrath. 1 hern i3 another side to this matter. Men say as politicians what they are not willing to ratify as Judges.

And if Judge Seldon, with such antecedents, finds himself compelled as a Judge to decide in favor of the new Liquor Law of this State, it affords strong proof that the law is constitutional, and g.ves the public great confidence that men elected even as partisan politicians will be true to their convictions when law or the case they are called upon to dpcide really passes before them. The case must be considered to be a Maine Law triumph of no small magnitude. Meeting of the Grocers Bank, Boston. The stockholders of the Grocers Bank held an adjourned meeting on Thursday. We learn that a statement of the condition of the Bank was made, in which the amount supposed to be good were stated at 1,489,000 The debts of the Bank are 848,000 Leaving 641,000 to cover 720,000 in stock.

It was voted to petition that the Bank may be given up into the hands of the stockholders. The old Board of Directors then resigned, when the following gentlemen were chosen S. G. Reed, E. H.

Balch, W. Whittemore, Addison Gilbert, James Sawyer, E. B. Pratt, Philo Sanford, Adolphus Davis. Charles H.

Tyler, late first teller, is now act-i ing as Cashier ot the Bank. Eastport Steamers An arrangement has been entered into between the owners of the steamers Admiral and Adelaide, by which they are to run in connection between Boston, Portland, Eastport and St. Johns. N. B.

Thesteam-er Eastern City is to be withdrawn. The boats i will commence their trips early in March, and will make two trips, or If the business requires it three trips per week each way. Eastport Sentinel. Be thrifty yourself, that you may be liberal towards others. permtend the sales of timber lands, and give the necessary deeds, upon the payment of the purchase money into the treasury.

This course would appear best calculated to prevent favoritism, and iu- spire public confidence in that department of the government. Such sales could be made at public auction after due notice, and iu such quantities as would suit tlui wants of purchasers. The Treasurers report will furnish the necesa- ry information iu relation to the finances of the State. I have had no opportunity to examine ei-1 ther that or the Iteport of the Land Agent. It may be necessary for the Legislatuae to make further provision for the keeping of the money of the State, when there shall be a large accumulation, not needed for immediate disbursement.

If depos-1 its are made in banks, the amouut in any one should depend upou its capital, and when they pay iuterest on them, it should be received by the State. It is gr atifying to learn that the Reform School is in a flourishing condition, and that it meets the just expectations of the public. The old system mid mode of treatment of boys of tender age, who had Violated the laws, when minds were im-raatvire, and judgments unformed, by confining the a in jails and prisons, at a time when they most needed kindness and the peculiar care incident to children, has at length yielded to a more en lightened and rational treatment. in this school the boys are instructed in the usual branches of knowledge commonly taught in other schools they learn some useful trade and work upon the farm, while their religious and moral culture is not neglected. They also acquire habits of iudustry, so necessary to be possessed by every person who desires to obtain the means of subsistence and to live happily.

A love of labor, without which iio one can accomplish much, must be implanted in early life by dilligent traiuing. 'Kie object of this school is to reform those who are inclined to go astray, and prepare them for the active duties of society. It is much less expensive to teach the youngand erring to wala in the paths of virtue aud fit tnem for usefulness, than to allow them to grow up in vice and crime, and then punish them for their misconduct. The difference in value to the State between a good and bad citizen, cannot be estimated by money. This institution is really deserving the care of the Legislature, and there can be no donbt will receive it.

It is now nearly full and some measures must be taken to furnish further accommodations, unless a part of the least vicious arc allowed to be returned to their parents before the expiration of their sentences. The Trustees should be permitted to exercise their discretion as to the time when those sent to the school should remain. If some such reduction does not take place, it will become necessary to enlarge the accommodations at the present location, or establish another school in some other part of the State. The present number which is about two hundred, in the school, may seem large, but when we estimate the wh ole number of male minors in the State that are old enough to commit offenses, the per -Mr. citizens of Monterey aie determined to or exterminate them.1 lhe gr.veri.c-r has offered a reward of one thousand du.lnrs the capture of the murderers.

Mr. J. B. WaU also cf-lers a like amount. Belfast Journal.

There are in New Orleans 2.800 grogshops a population of 80,000 that is, one grogsup to every twenty-nine persons if the statistics afforded us are correct, as we take thtm to be. Now, under such a state of things, can we wonder at the statement we lately tomrihd from the New Orleans press of the inurdtr committed in a single month in that city There are, however, in New Orleans eome er- sons who appear to be axare of the n.r nstious I iuiquitv and impolicy of havin'- stream such a stnam of drunkenness flowing every day in the year without interruplion, and an uTort, according. h6S been made the Board or Aldermen to shut up the grogshops on Sunday. I J-bune. The IlartforI (Conn.) Times reports the that a ot a little boy.

who was killed at the Railroad bridge on He was pinwig with other boys in a hxndcar, when he was knocked off backwards through the bridge, into the water, lorty leet below, tanking his agaii.st one of the beams in his descent, lie struck the water head foremost, his head pme-i rating the mud ot the bottom. In this position he remained two or three minutes b.dore he could be extricated. He lingered be-tw ten life and death until hall-past 12 clnfk t.n Sunday night, when death relieved himof his sufferings. He was nine years of age and a emarkably bright, intelligent boy. By Sy Li Tae proprietors of the Bangor Social Library are that their Annual Meeting, for the choice of officers and transaction of other business, will be held at their Library Room, on MON DAT the seventh day of January next, at 7 oclk P.

M. GEO. 1L SMITH, Sec y. Prxngor, Dec. 29, 1855 HOLLO 'WAYS Ointment and The above justly celebrated Medicines are for sale to the trade, or at retail, at the very lowest prices.

A large supply just received bv the agent o30 6m J. S. INGRAHAM, Druggist. The City Council Will meet THIS (Monday) EVENING, at 7 oclock. Jan7 licg-ister Holloways Pills Ointment hand and for sale by jan7 HONEY, in boxes from three to ten lbs, on hand and for sale by jan7 SAML DEALING.

cent will be found very small. The care- EMONS. A few boxes of Lemons protection and instruction of the young and Jiand afid for sale low by inexperienced, is not only a duty Jan' SAM DLA by the highest benevolence, but the security and safety of the community demand its exercise on the part of government. While our republic, from the nature -of its organization, is unfitted to be a military one, nor is such the purpose or desire of our people, yet we should at all times be prepared to defend ourselves against iutcrnal commotions and foreign aggressions. It is our true policy to cultivate peace with all nations.

But we have no reason to expect that wars will cease, while the disposition of men remains as it is, and we should be wanting in a proper care of ourselves, if we should neglect the ordinary precautions of protection. It may be sufficient if a knowledge of military tactics is possessed by a portion of the community who would be able, in a short time, to communicate the necessary information to those who might be needed to act in defense of our country. This object may be accomplished by extending the favor of the State, more fully than the laws have done, to vol-unteer companies, and encouraging the formation of a greater number of them, and a higher p'roficiency in military discipline. Such men will form a body of soldiery possessing practically, (the art of war, and SAML DEALING each. 1856.

SWORDS Pocket Almanac and Church The Church Almanac rec'd by jan7 D. BUGBEE d- CO. Bangor Gas Light Co. A DIVIDEND of four per cent, will be paid to Stockholders in the Bangor Gas Light at the Bank of the State of Maine, on tee 15th inst By order of the Directors. W.

S. DENNETT, Treas. Bangor, Jan, 5, 1856 gRemoval. JOSEPH FORBES, Merchant Tailor, WOULD inform his friends and the pubjc th at he has removed to No. 2 Exchange Block, State Street, with R.

H. HICHBORX. and nn offer a good variety of styles and qualities of Goods for the Custom Trade. Garments got up in the best manner, and warranted to fit, at prices to suit the times. Ready Made Clothing and FURNISHING GOODS, of all kinds, at the LOWEST PRICES.

jan7.