The Kansas City Star from Kansas City, Missouri • 7

MEIIMEMMAICileVOINDA go THE KANSAS CITY STAR SUNDAY DECEMBER 26 1937 7 A 7 A A FAMOUS AMERICAN PASSES WITH THE DEATH OF NEWTON BAKER WAR TIME SECRETARY OF WAR through his speeches ad participation in public stairs almost up to the time of his death He served in 1929 as a member of President Hoover's law enforcement commission And when I look about me I am profoundly disturbed A regimented world doesn't seem to me a world worth living in" Spoke Here Last Spring In Kansas City last spring Mr Baker spoke to a group of men after a luncheon He had not had time to make preparation The President's Supreme Court proposal had recently been made Mr Baker did not assail It But he gave a brilliant discussion of the reasons for the distribution of the powers of government in the Constitution of the place of the court in the American system and of some of the underlying tendencies in American life that were dirprtpd I should call a constitutional maven tion now?" he asked Every clue would have to be represented Education would be represented by a ward school teacher a high school teacher 4 and a college professor lAbor would be represented by a ditch digger a barber a mechanic and a railroad engineer We have a good many Pores and Bohemians in Ohio so they would have to be represented When we got through we would have a pretty good cross section of Ohio Vie but I doubt if we would have many men who had given any attention to constitutional development" In business he commented there is great dependence upon experts In A government the present disposition is to ignore experts and depend on cross sections of the population without re gard to its competency to pass on technical questions This noon address and a public addrem the same evening in Kansas City were among Mr Baker's last sip pearances before an audience NAZI PLPILS SAVE BONES I a constitutional converse he asked Every clue 4 1 tn be rentesented IrAn 4 after the expiration of his second term President Wilson named him secretary of war to succeed Lindley Garrison who resigned July 5 1902 Mr Bake: marriedL Elizabeth Wells Leopold of Pottstown1 Penn 1 Turning Point in Career A friendly discussion which at times became argumentative with a steamship acquaintance while returning from Europe proved the turning point in the career of Baker The latter then 25 had had little experience in the actual practice of his profession having been named shortly after his admission to the bar private secretary to Postmaster General William Wilson in the second Cleveland administration His tourist acquaintance was Martin A Foran a leading lawyer of Cleveland It is said he was so impressed with the logic and diLtion of the young lawyer that he invited him to Join his law firm in Cleveland and Baker accepted About the time Baker went to Cleveland the late Toni Johnson was becoming active in the politics of that city Baker in sympathy with Johnson's ideas aided in his election as mayor in 1901 and as a reward was named assistant director of law The next year he was made director and after a legislative act made it an elective office and changed the title to city solicitor Baker was chosen to the plane four times With the defeat of Johnson in 1909 Republicans were elected to all offices except city solicilor to which Baker was returned by a large vote He succeeded Johnson as leader upon the latter's death in 1911 and that year was elected mayor of Cleveland by the largest plurality ever given a candidate for the office He was reelected in 1913 and at that time announced that he would not seek the office again His keen mind broad experience! and wide reading made Mr Baker a dtlightful conversationalist He would not discusa the new deal in public but in private he would light up some policy with an apt illustration or al bit of concise irony 1 "What is going on in Washington" he once remarked "reminds me often of my 6-year-old grandson He is always rushing around with the greatest energy He shows wonderful determination But he seems to have only the vaguest idea of what he wants to do" Oppohed "Plum) Priming" "What about the pump priming theory?" he was asked "I have to warn you" he answered "that I am an old fogey I was brought up with old-fashioned ideas about thrift and self-reliance and hard work If our present policies are right then my whole bringing up was wrong" As an old-fashioned liberal he strongly approved of Secretary Hull's trade agreements program "Secretary 1Hull" he said "is working for economic freedom Without economic freedom I fear political freedom is impossible" The trend toward dictatorships abroad was brought up in his presence "It makes little difference to me personally" he said "what sort of a world this is going to be I have had a long and singularly satisfactory life But I am concerned with what sort of a world my children and grandchildren are going to live in ovember Berlin Schools Cols lected 118 Tons toward undermining the authority of the judiciary When the Constitution was drafted he said every delegate was expected to be familiar with the best current and historical discussion of political theories Every delegate had upon his desk Montesquieu's "Spirit of the Laws" and a compilation by John Adams of the history of democracies of the past and the reasons for their failure He turned aside to quote Benjamin Franklin's characterization of Adams as "always honest sometimes wise and often mad" and remarked that Adams certainly was the greatest fussbudget of his time in public life In those days he said there was general respect for learning and he cited the case of Elihu Burritt the "learned blacksmith" who used to read Hebrew Latin and Greek before going to his forge When Virginia held a constitutional convention in 1830 it selected the ablest and most experienced men of the day as dele 1fir 1 By the Associated Press) k44 i4 BERLIN Dec than 118 01 of bones were collected in Novem ber by pupils of '160 Berlin schools to the 4-year plan A girls school topped the list with more than Vi 1'41 tons thereby winning a book prize -41 1Pupils are told they must see to it that no bones are wasted at home' they contain valuable fats The job you are looking for may be 4 gates found in tile Help Wanted columns- of '17 4 "But what would happen if Ohio today's Star-Adv a' 4111111111MOV 1 1 I I lirj lv tt: 'I' ywo 40- 4660 it0: g' t(1 ink 1 41' IPt 1 0 44" at JIL 1 7 1' i (4444 lot 05 41 0 Sett it f' c' 1 tut ilA 1 1 4 A 4 A i 1 Fp ii: fr 1 1 I 4 tot 3 1r I 1 d-- I it 15- Ci IP ti iz 7 lip fl 4 41 I 41 4 Ao4 I 914t '4 I 4 4' 004 t-A 43t A -'3 Ik'" "41 lp lot) fou -14 Aar 0 4 mli 71! 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year round BILOXI MISS Baker's selection by Woodrow Wilson for the most important post in the cabinet in 1916 came as a surprise to the nation for Baker's pacifistic sympathies were widely known But Baker never once allowed his personal feelings to interfere with the exercise of his new duties Instead he concentrated his entire resourcefulness as an administrator into the perilous task at hand When America finally entered the war Baker had already begun a sweeping reorganization of the army to abolish archaic practices surviving from the Civil and Spanish-American wars The garden snot of Florida's West Coast arm sunny climate I ishicg boating bathing golf and other recreation Moderate living costs tor booklet write (711 Deaderlek Chamber of Commerce Bradenton Fla MANATEFEOUN The garden snot of Florida's 4 West Coast Warm sunny cli- mate I ishing boating bathing golf and other recreation Mod crate living costs tor booklet write (711 Deaderick Chamber of Commerce Bradenton Via ualEm7) Chamber of Commerce Dept 48 for big new official City Photos costs sports programs everything you'll need in making your plans An Outstanding Winter Cruise-11000 Miles of Tropical Cruising on the Luxurious 5 Dazzling Ports of Lovely Rio in Her Most Tempting Mood WOOD1EACH1OTE1 es the Omi OC11 lorida 10 rixAs 4 1 N't C66 1 '44 I 25 HAYS Visiting Cristo General JlIs ilk Aide From the army he chose and developed the aide who became his chief of staff Gen Tasker Bliss To Europe he dispatched Gen Peyton March to sit with the Allied generals On the supreme war council Pershing was raised to full-fledged generalship by Baker and given command of the forces Maj Gen Leonard Wood an older man who had hoped for the overseas post was tactfully designated by Baker to take charge of training at home the American troops destined for service abroad For the purpose of providing the army with the utmost efficiency in the matter of food provisions and mechanical replacements Baker surrounded himself with an array of outstanding talent from the fields of business law and banking Among those recruited for these civilian posts of utmost importance to pursuance of the war were such men as Bernard Baruch New York financier the late Gen Atterbury of the Pennsylvania railroad and others of similar standing 4 00(Mlup LeavingNewYark January 29th full daylight days in Rio de Janeiro Mti po re: Ils I 2 el et et SPIP 1 10110 last 'ogee iseaDPPO 90 sell 71:11411 Oa carpi invest 44 tti bat Panama LaGuayraVene- zuela Trinidad The Barbados 11V11311 i 00 7 Glorious Carefree Incomparable The REX Built for Southern climes Air-conditioned Dining Salon Sunlit swimming pools Ctkbrated Lido Decks Broadway Orchestra V'orld-famous cuisine Broad sweeping decks Rex It operated 17 the Italian Line Consult YOUR OWN TRAVEL AGENT any office of the Italian Lint or FIRST NUMBER OUT OF THE DRAFT (top of the most significant acts of Newton Baker's career was his drawing of the first number to see in motion the selective service law in 1917 Under this law the manpower of America was drafted for war service making possible the early training and mobilization of an army of more than 4 million which insured eventual victory Baker and Mrs Baker with their daughter Margaret on their return from one of their frequent trips to Europe Following the war Mr Baker became one of the outstanding advocates of the Ideals of Woodrow Wilson under whom he served in the formative stages of the League of Nations The former war secretary constantly worked for a better understanding among the countries of the world A GREAT APPEAL (lower of the dramatic highlights of his career came in 1924 when Mr Baker addressed the Democratic national convention in Madison Square Garden New York He made a stirring appeal to his party not to desert the stand it had taken under President Wilson It is said that this was the greatest oratorical effort of Mr Baker's life and he was known always as a fine speaker VISITING THE FIGHTING FRONT (top right) in every phase of the mighty war effort which he directed Secretary Baker visited the troops in France and even went up to the front lines to inspect conditions He always was solicitous of the welfare of the troops and insisted on having created for them the best environment possible under war conditions WITH HIS FAMILY (lower Take (0 Years Off Your Age at the South's Finest Resort Hotel 'Effie famous bealthgiving Miners! located on the premises of one of the South's finest Resort Hotels Golf Horseback Riding Fishing Hunting European Rate from 11200 single Rakerwell Health Plan (providing room meals daily Turkish bath massage and Mineral Waters) from 13000 per week single PARR Manager i 1 AMERICAN EXPRESS er Germany eBHKER HOTEL Great Figure of World 'War Goes With Death of Newton Baker miNERAL 907 Walnut St City Mn Phont HArrisos 3484 rretett'Mn policy was whether the American troops should be infiltrated into the units of the Allies or fight in France As an independent army The Allied command sent missions to Washington to win the civil government over to their view When Woodrow Wilson upon the advice of his war secretary made the decision it was to back up Pershing on the stand he had taken Cahn In Grave lloarm An Efficient Army Finally an efficiently organized American army backed by its Own supply services was transported to the battlefields of France as a separate army but in close co-operation with Allied the tide to victory With the inauguration of a Republican administration under Warren Harding's presidency in March of 1921 Baker stepped out of public life and returned to his principles of pacifism in the belief the plan of Woodrow Wilson for a League of Nations would bring lasting peace and harmony among the nations of the world Baker fought valiantly against the rising tide of antagonism toward the League then sweeping tmerica Recognized even by his political opponents as an international lawyer of high principle and sincere interest in peace Baker was chosen by President Coolidge in 1928 to become America's member on the court of permanent arbitration at The Hague After the economic crash of 1929 Baker blamed the depression on the American attitude of letting European nations "stew in their own juices? -He crusaded for lower tariff barriers to international trade and for "political and economic disarmament" Baker remainad in the public eye 3filaDIV 'Wilson's Cabinet as a Pacifist lie organized and Di rected Nation's Military Forces to His Historic Subsequently a Power in Public Affairs 10t4k-'1A- (vi1Ai 0 VLSC odtS Vol VI 1 7 iq140 l' Il All Expense Tours14 Days frr psosilt Mk ofiliarno011P tkOtS millahlow V4ES1 'k AI 8185 1 I Includes rail and Pullman fare meals hotel and an unequaled sightseeing program 10 days in Mexico and its byways GROUPS LIMITED Never more than thirty persons 11 Sparkling days tropic nights the lays of cruising the thrills of travel a gay and glamorous time afloat and short your Greet VAlte Peet Cruise! None but outside staterooms Excellent culsino deck sports orchestras and a variety of faKinating itineraries treekiy Sallings From New Orleans 4 1 1 Ilesoris and Travel 16 Days 6175 To HAVANA PANAMAand COSTA PICA HONDURAS the 'teatime is your hotel throughout the quite Oro honed there eacursons hatutelon 1 Days WO GUATEMALA HONDURAS Ono of the meat 001suier invites Vilatfte strange end tempting port brohno WeOnesdem 15 Days tamaue) $196 GUATEMALA HONDURAS aruw tour wiih I wooks wild to tow sotolkowt Highintil of Oveternal kit agatiomele City owohld hwItsh llowL huoint SUMO pagan Maya Ism iwesth-holoyo hanwomos Secludes thill kowwweetiow hotels mealh end owwohnoWe evew mobile Sows Wodneolos eWW OW'NSS See Mexico City Cuernavaca Taxco Cholula Puebla Toluca Huetjotzingo Pyramids Private Pullmans air-conditioned featuring tie luxe travel ViFt the Santa Fe "Ranger" and the famous International train "City of Mexico" EmprtssAustmlia NEW YEkR'S CRUISC From New Orleans Jan 24111 :0 rn iP7 Ja hotly env outhorigtod biota owe ot UNITED FRUIT COMPANY III Wothitietoo St Chigoe IL No Pat limrn reqxtred Sip I menwseadmitipos skghtly highs" 1 ON IMOVEMEWINIMIMInlmaillINI IIMUNIMI 41k Tal Send tree toldet I with lull in tttPlation 1 lohn Taylor's rourth Mot Oqi OURS vention where Al Smith nd McAdoo tangled where the radio made Ala- I bama's vote for Oscar Underwood a catch phrase where Ku Kluxism I end Catholicism met head on where 1 William Jennings Bryan made his last stand and fought down a hostile jeerA ing crowd The convention and the party had been torn and rent It tried to pollyfox on the League of Nations issue Another Convention Scene Once- more Baker strode to the front of the platform No longer was he a young man But he was a big- 4 ger man mentally than before Again he took a spent and jaded convention and electrified it That speecn et I Newton Baker's in defense of Woodrow Wilson and the League is regarded ever by foes of his cause as one of the greatest pieces of convention oratory this nation has known I Baker dropped more and more from public rife and concentrated on law He began to appear more and more before the Supreme court as lawyer 1 in some of the biggest eases He the Van Sweringens in some their litigation the Baltimore IOhio railway: he was in most of the major eases before the court But he still kept reading reading and dig! ging for more information for the lessons of history He took only an Incidental interest in politics It was generally recognied that if Franklin Roosevelt had been blocked at Chi-eau) in 1932 Baker would have been the likely choice Baker swung In enthusiastically behind Roosevelt in that campaign But as the new deal began to unfold in all its ramifications he began to part with it Baker as 8 CHT7Talof war in the cabinet of President Wilson was confronted with the most stupendous job ever faced by an occupant of that post With the American declaration of war the calls from the Allies were insistent for hurried aid from this country General Pershing was selected as commander in chief of the American expeditionary forces There came into operation the selective service act or draft law under which more than 24 million Americans between the ages of 18 and 45 were registered for military service Of that number more than 2800000 were inducted into service which with enlistments in the regular army and 500000 national guardsmen brought the army eventually up to 3737000 Approximately 2230000 American troops were transported over area 1 Newlen Diehl via born December 3 1871 at Martinsburg Va IllsO i father for whom he was named was a physician and served wit Stuart's Cavalry of the Confederate Army in I the Civil war WM mother was Mary Ann Dukelutrt Baker The son was! graduated at Johns Hopkins University in 1892 and two years later ob- I littilned his law degree from Washington and Ito university Ile entered politics in Cleveland were he served terms as city solicitor and twice wee elected mayor Shortly No Matter What You Want It Will Save You Time and Money to Use Star Want Ads 1Trtor vslAn Mn 111110 4 601 044441 ti 'A 4 1t 0 I JAW I 31 DAYS From New Yoh JAN 1 5 31 DAYS From New 01 Wartme memories of Newton Baker sip sometimes were annoying or irritating He was the most unruffled I of persons no matter what the gravity of the moment or the excitement ot the occasion He would have conference after conference where the gravest of decisions were to be made Between them while avalanches of I shells were falling on land and sea abroad when millions of young men were torn from home and loved ones for the great adventure to get relaxation he would sink back in the big firM chair that nearly swallowed him up cock his feet up on his desk light his pipe pull out a book of poetry and begin reading Once a visitor who found him get-tine a few moments of rest scanning through a book of old English poems i came out of the war office Indignantly: "How in the hell can any body who reads poetry at such a time win a war?" he demanded But Baker's calmness under fire became a great asset to the major war decisions before the war was over It wasn't until late In the war that i Secretary Baker got to Europe He wanted to go long before but he felt his job was al home building the or ganization to back up the armies He went over only when a major decision called for a supreme war conference By then most of the old Indian war fighters who surrounded Baker when I he came into office had gone from the sethe all except Tasker NI Bliss who he decided had a lot of the diplomat in him and would represent him well In allied conferences A Strong Arm to Wilson It has been the history of all wars that no war secretary can be popular The fighting men get the praise the civil end the blame They tin out literally to crucify Newton Baker In the war investigations at the end of the war But he took on all comers That same calmness: that precise 1 mind: that exact diction where every word meant just one thing and couldn't be strained into something else stood him in good stead Baker would let the opposition shoot NMII lug puffing away on his pipe aeoningly never angered no matter what the provocation Then he would take the stand and tell things Whitt he was worth to the Wilson administration in its closing days is inestimable Even his niost severe critics began to recognize that 14tPel trap mind of hie was something not to fool with A rapid run of seenem It is 1924 at another political fa-I mous Madison Square Oardtn con I I I The question of preparedness was a major one before the nation Baker at heart was a pacifist Before Congress and the nation was the question of the Continental army backed by the then secretary of war Lindley Garrison or relying upon the militia or national guard When Congress rejected the Continental army plan Garrison resigned feeling President Wilson had not given him the support he should have had in the fight Into orriee teder Ham Heel) Woodrow Wilson accepted the resignation probably with some pleasure and promptly called Mr Baker to Washineton to the post of war secretary The country gasped It did so because Baker himself would have characterised himself as a pacifist Nobody could have taken office under a greater handicap than Baker did His every act as war serretary came In for criticism The army itself at first was standoffish to put it mildly Yet when he lay down his post after the great World war even his harshest critics had come to recognize the intellectual capacity the logical mind of the man They may not have agreed with all Baker's course but they were one in saying: "What a brain" Whether Secretary Baker did all he should have in the way of making America ready for entrance into the world conflict' history may well debate Probably not although his defense was that he moved as fast as 'public opinion would accept There was much fretting and impatience at delay and slowness once this country had joined arms with the Allies Baker's record must be judged by the total result not the start And there history already has begun to rate his part big But it was In the major policies he laid down as war secretary that Baker showed his bi'le ifte Neiecled Pershing After nitich ennaultation he picked John Pershing to command the American forces And from that moment on Baker's course was clear lie simply backed Pershing up He gave him whom he desired in France Ile put behind him in this country the men Pershing for the key posts No conimander ever got the barking Pershing did If Pershing had flopped Baker would have been ruined There were no cabals no bickering no pilings this way and that When Pershing sent back word he wanted something or somebody he got it if it were humanly possible for Baker to deliver The major military decision on IN intellect as gigantic as in physical stature he was small almost frail Newton Baker will be recorded by history as one of the really significant figures at America's wartime and postwar Ira He began his public life as a young reformer crusading for the Tom Johnson ideals of civic decency In Cleveland He died sad in the belief that the nnsguided economics of the new eral and the social forces set loose in the form of organized appetites for PoVernment subsidy might ruin his country Yet Newton Baker lived and thed at heart a genuine progressive Ile could be nothing else It was part 11 his very being hilt) itaillinnee Spotlight This is not to be his factual biography Rather it is a rerun of several dramatic episodes of his career There was the Baltimore convention back In convention that broke Chomp Clark's heart the convention that sent Woodrow Wilson to the White House to fame and to the grave a broken disillusioned man There was a big field of candidates before that history making the front runner Wilson Jtuison Harmon Oscar Undertvood William Jennings Bryan the 3-time candidate of his party on the 1iielines waiting for another chance Newton Baker had been one of a little group of young progressives in Ohio who had championed the cause of Woodrow Wilson as a real progrest ire even though Harmon had all the backing of organized polities in his t'tate They carried two districts for Wilson but the delegation slapped the linit rule upon the delegation Out 111)0n the platform one sultry night there In Baltimore when feeling was tense strode a slight young man to Plead for the right of those four Wilson votes to be cast for Wilson inF'ead of under the unit rule for liar-Mon It was Just an incident of the convention a small one but the made by Newton Baker him-PIN laird a Jaded and worn convention He won lik point That was hia appearance tinnn the netionni i-teRe lieelliieli l'irt irlibinei miter E-etits moved fast Woodrow Wilson Baker a place in his nriginal linker declined Ile felt that leave Cleveland then meant turn-Ng Cleveland back into the grasp of political machine Se he turned the cabinet sob The big war in Europe Inch by inch this drew nearer the maelstrom Raymond Whitcomb Cruises Maufr MO i et WHO thi Pe4e North Gorman Lloyd ok Sr140060 irin ecktobli 19 Iwo Fla EA A1 (Las than PO per Day!) 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