Darke County Democratic Advocate from Greenville, Ohio • 1

A will PERIO achme DEMOCRATIC ADVOCATE. E. OCK LUME III. GREENVILLE, OHIO, THURSDAY, APRIL 1. 1886.

NUMBER 49. KNIGHTS OF LABOR. of the Organization and Aims of its Founders. Good )ST to the CAN OHIO IT coum Clerks' County 2,880 4,461 95 270 4 1,514 1,907 19 8 730 35 004 401 51 8 iditor. surer.

CRI tree aft ST. Twine ngue at the an who fails to see the importhe Knights of Labor organaboutto play in the destinies tion and of the world, neglects the signs of the times. The Order of the Knights of is called by its friends, fixed in the minds of the public as an organization of men, more or less commuits aims and tendencies, and adopt the measures of the to gain a temporary adters lat any cost. It was not till nt announcement was made Formal writer that the Order at the lowest calculation a half million members, under the absolute control of ative board of five members; adequate conception of the aportance of the organization and in the Investigations followed the interest thus it was found that popular On8 concerning the Order most altogether erroneous. reatest good to the greatest and "an injury to one is the of all," are the underlying of the Order, and arbitrameasure advocated for the at of all difficulties in which I capital are involved.

It is dared that dissatisfaction exg laboring men, not because too little for the necessities but because the wages 1 paid afford indulgence in beer and curies. This cannot be urged the Knights of Labor, for temas one of their principles and members of the executive appen to be prohibitionists. on keeper or bartender, not wife of a bartender, can bemember of the Order, and 1 no is admitted to membership. ace inall things isadvocated, Ikes are discouraged under all circumstances. Peaceful obedience to laws, the proproperty and the adminisexact justice are advocated the power the Order can com- tics the Order will refuse to an.

Saloon keepers do not the endorsement of the Order, man whose record and charbmises to make the best and onest officer will receive the the organization, although tonal preferences of members arbitrarily interfered with. ted that Mr. Powderly, the cer of the Order, refused an tity to go to Congress in 1884 predicted that before many Knights of Labor will be heard in the halls of the capitol, pleading for, and manding the correction of the existence of which the imbserver will admit. STORY OF THE ORDER. story of the Knights of Labor but interesting.

In 1869, Stevens, a clothing cutter in phia and a man of uncomtelligence and mastery over ow workmen, established the Order with an ambition even than realization has been, in a most humble way. Mr. WAS a born reformer and pher, giving years of his busy de study of how to elevate and den the working people. To he conceived the idea of a Labor association for the on of the workingmen against ations of capital. On 1869, five of his fellow en met at his house in Philaand there formed the first sembly of the Knights of Enat ever had existence, and it a constitution and a name, this society will go out upon Jon to the toiling people of the recognizing no trade, no n8- no color and no creed; we the le question of the man that "Is your heart for us? earning an honest living? hands clean? And if they care not for the color or where was born that owned them." tevens was chosen to preside first organization, which wever, not properly organized Assembly No.

1 until 1873. composed largely of clothing at first, but rapidly spread body of workmen to another adelphia until it combined 11 the the trades and a great workingmen there. From Iphia it took root in Trenton. ress in that city was slow, but surmounted all difficulties and obstacles, and became a power in that city. Its next vigorous growth was in Pittsburg, and extended into the coal and iron districts, growing rapidly at all points.

From the original point of organization it has spread through every State in the Union; through Canada, British Columbia and across the waters into Great Britain and Belgium. In 1878 vention was called a conto form a General Assembly of North America. Mr. Stevens was elected General Master Workman, and was afterward reelected to this office--the supreme one in the Order. His busy and eventful life closed in 1882.

He died as he had lived -devoted to the workingmen by whom he was beloved, and whose memory will be held in deepest reverence in the organization. AIMS AND OBJECTS. The founders claim, and with reason, that the Knights of Labor is the noblest Order that has been established for many a century. It has practically no secrets, except such as pertain to its numbers, organization, capital, and matters which any business firm would keep to itself. For a number of years the existence of such an organization was kept a secret from the general public, but a time arrived when this secrecy was considered no longer of benefit; and the Order being strong enough to stand the storms and blows that it was known would be hurled against it the young giant stood erect a and aSserted the right to exist and relieve in a measure the distress of the wageworkers of the world.

Its object as originally founded was largely educational, which is still maintained; but its purposes have been so broadened that it takes cognizance of the industrial and sanitary interests of the wage-workers. It upholds all laws of the general government and teaches its members that bad legislation is due to their diffidence in being led by political demagogues. It stimulates its members to learn what they want and how to intelligently use their right of suffrage. It resorts to strikes as a last resort in enforcing a just deor resisting unjust oppression, and then only when attempts to settle subjects in dispute by arbitration have failed. It asks that a bureau of labor statistics be established in each State to enable those interested to at all times arrive at a correct knowledge of the educational, moral and financial condition of the laboring masses; that the public lands be reserved for actual settlers; that the purchase of an acre of American soil by foreign syndicates or private individuals be prohibited by law; that controlled American soil should be owned and only by resident Americans by birth or naturalization; that the contract system on national, state and municipal works be abolished; that laws be enacted providing for arbitration between employers and employes, and to enforce the decision of the arbitrators; that there be prohibited by law the employment of children under fifteen years of age in mines, workshops or factories; that laws enforcing compulsory attendance at school of children under fifteen years of age be passed; that convict contract labor be abolished.

These and other objects are more clearly many defined in the platform of the principles of the: Order. Equal pay for equal work done by either sex is asked. The Order also endeavors to establish co-operative institutions, a number of which have fully justified the experiment. Women are admitted on a par with men, and are found to be frequently the more valuable members. Any who stands well in his or her one it is organized) and is not trade (if less than 18 years age, without regard to sex, color, creed or nationality, be the applicant a tradesman, manufacturer, employer, employes or wageof any kind, or a farmer, is workers eligible to membership, unless the interdicted classes, which inof cludes lawyers, bankers, professional gamblers, stock brokers, or any income person who derives any profit or manufacture or sale of infrom the toxicating drinks.

The Order firmly advocates temperance and constantly exhorts its. members to totally abstain from the use of liquors in every is safe to- that the form. It of Labor as an Order is doing Knights to forward the cause of tempermore organization in the ance than any world. but an epitome of this vast Such is that has grown up almost organization imperceptibly in this country. are worthy the consideraIts objects tion of all conservative thinking men.

Labor begins to know its power and is learning how to use it. Whether for good or bad remains to be seen. THE DEMOCRATIC WARD CONVENTIONS. Though green at the business, the Democrats got through with their Ward Conventions creditably, and nominated good men for Council and the Assessorships. The ticket in full appears at the head of our editorial column.

FIRST WARD. In the First Ward there was little to do, only an Assessor to nominate, and Fred Reinhart was chosen by acclamation, he being the only candidate. Councilmen Koop and Vantilburg hold over in this ward. SECOND WARD. The convention in this ward was something after the nature of a love feast, and the boys had clear sailing, as there was no contest for Council, Pat Spain and A.

J. Landis being the only candidates. Both were nominated by acclamation, and Pat jokingly proposed to play Landis a game of euchre to decide which of them should run for the long term, but the question was decided by lot. vote for A. B.

Lee and D. P. Reaming for Assessor, was tie, and Mr. Ream, being the younger man, gracefully withdrew in favor of Mr. Lee.

THIRD WARD. In this ward the attendance was large, and the contest for the nominations was spirited. The following was the vote for candidates for Council, it being understood beforehand that the person receiving the highest number of votes should run for the long term: Ham 43 Adam Crone 41 D. Beenblossom. 40 Jonathan Gorsuch.

34 Hildebrand 29 H. 13 Slade and Crone were declared the candidates. There were three candidates for Assessor, the ballot resulting as follows: Wm. 48 John 40 8. B.

17 FOURTH WARD. In this ward there was one Assessor and one Councilman to nominate, Councilman St. Clair holding over. There were three candidates for Council, the ballot resulting: Martin 50 Henry Koster 22 John 19 The contest for Assessor in this ward was between Wesley Gorsuch and Frank M. Mills, and resulted as follows: F.

M. Mills. 57 Wesley Gorsuch. 30 VERSAILLES VARIETIES. E.

R. T. Go to the Buckeye Clothing House and see one of those children's suits for $1.04. Public Square. VERSAILLES, March 29.

The gas fever has struck Versailles, but it's not the right kind. His Honor, Mayor Burns, is once more at his post of duty after an illness of three weeks. The new employes on the C. I. at this place, seem to, be satisfied and not inclined to strike.

We are glad to learn that Mrs. Woodbury, wife of the superintendent of schools, is convalescing. We welcome Mr. Isaac Marker back to Versailles again. He does not speak very favorably of Kansas.

Mr. and Mrs. Lew Kendig, and Mrs. Dr. S.

Greer, who have been spending the winter in the sunny South, are expected home in a few days, much improved in health. Mrs. J. H. C.

Larimore and family expect to move to Tennessee as 8000 as the proper arrangements can be made. We hope they will change their minds, as no family in Versailles would be more missed than they. Mr. George Turpen, one.of our model young men, has, we are glad to hear, secured a situation at Greenville with Felheim, the dry. goods man.

George is a good clerk, and no doubt will draw trade for his employer. Mrs. Bauchman died at the residence of her daughter, Mrs. J. H.

C. Larimore, March 25th. Funeral service at the Lutheran church, Rev. Booker officiating. Mother B.

WAS 83 years of age. Many friends and relatives mourn her less. The death of Mrs. M. Snyder, or "Aunt Mag," as she was familiarly known by everybody, has left a V8- cancy in social as well as religious circles, which can not well be filled.

Like Dorcas of old, she was full of good works and alms deeds. SHOOTING AND FLOWING. The Owens Well Causes a Good Deal of Excitement by Developing Into a Flowing One--News from Surrounding Country Regarding Wells. The MeHenry well was shot yesterday noon with forty pounds of glycerine. The result was yery satisfactory for the oil came to the surface in a very few minutes, and arose twenty feet into the derrick.

Later it flowed forty feet high, and has settled down to be a pulsator of no small amount. The Central Company were very agreeably surprised and have at present no arrangements for keeping the oll. The well will be packed this morning and allowed to flow. The shooting was done by Mr. Palmer, of Findlay.

Immediately after the shooting was done the glycerine cans were exploded, and the shock was felt in all the houses in the city. The Owens well took a great spurt yesterday and liked to have drowned some of the men. They began buildthe tank yesterday morning and to put the tubing in the well. While they were doing this the well went to flowing and spurted out over the derrick, deluging the workmen. This was contrary to all expectations and was i in the nature of a surprise party.

The work of tubing the well was suspended as the oil flowed continually. The Eureka Company had not decided last night whether it would be packed and allowed to flow or pumped. The action of the well has caused considerable excitement, and it is narrowly watched. The tank will be completed as soon as it is possible to do so. There has been nothing done with the Woolsey well, but the favorable torpedoing done at the Central Company's venture will no doubt cause the Woolsey to be shot.

It is said that the showing there is almost as good as at the former one, and a charge of dynamite might have the effect of producing a good flow of oil. The Paper Mill No. 2 continues to flow at regular intervals, notwithstanding the rope and drill are in the well. It is expeeted that by Monday it will be cleaned out and then well packed. If it does not develop into pretty much of a gusher there will be some disappointment over it.

The well is now making twenty-five barrels per day with all the obstructions. -Lima Republican. ROSE HILL ITEMS. ROSE HILL, March 30, 1886. The wheat crop looks promising.

Espy has returned from Kansas. Miss Lizzie Lattin is visiting at Cincinnati. Wonder if Reef did go to Portland on the 20th? Here we are back from Japan, right side up with care. Miss Ollie Grissom has returned from her visit at Portland, Ind. Mr.

and Mrs. J. Wolf, from Ansonia, were visiting friends at Rose Hill last Sunday. Mrs. Jennie Faulkner, from Spencerville, Ohio, is visiting her parents, Mr.

and Mrs. Elijah Weaver. Mr. and Mrs. Will Hindesley, and Miss Anna Whitehead, took dinner at Dan Snyder's last Sunday.

Mr. G. W. Snyder, from Greenville, came here Sunday evening and stayed all night at his mother's, Mrs. Amy McKibbin.

From certain indications, that "yarment" must be a good-sized one, as it takes several chickens to satisfy his appetite. Father Winterrowd WAS badly scared last Sunday at church when the contribution box came around and he had no pocketbook. He found it at home all O. K. The Democratic primary was well attended.

A splendid ticket was nominated, and we have no doubt they will all be elected. D.C. Beem and R. V. Grissom each received the same number of votes for Assessor.

They decided the contest by throwing up a dollar, and Grissom won. This was hotly contested, but we hope it will be amicably settled next. Monday. MIKADO. Our polo boys speak in high terms of their treatment in Muncie, and return thanks for the attentions shown them.

The Muncie band met them at the depot and escorted them to pleasant quarters, and everything was done to make their visit in Muncie pleasant. In the game on Monday night it took the Munciet team one hour and forty-five minutes to defeat them. With a little, more practice, our team will get away with the best of 'em. WANTS TO KNOW. Hon.

C. M. Anderson Questions the Signal Service Boss. WASHINGTON, March 25. -The House Committee on War Department Expenditures to-day examined Gen.

Hazen in regard to the Signal Service Bureau. The examination principally related to the establishment of signal stations outside of the United States, and the witness was closely questioned upon this point by Representative Anderson, of Ohio. Gen. Hazen said that while there was no direct law authorizing the estabof these stations, the law made it his duty to prepare forecasts of the weather, and that duty could: not be properly performed without these stations. He, therefore, thought he had a discretionary right in the premises.

Every year there were several general storms which extended over a large area, and which could not be predicted by observations taken exclusively in the United States. Many of these storms came from the north polar region, traversing thousands of miles before reaching the United States, and many of the most severe storms, affecting our the Eastern coast, came from the equatorial belt, and after traveling a considerable distance struck the West India Islands, and then swept along the Atlantic coast, doing great damage. In order to furnish information in advance of these storms it was absolutely necessary to have outposts far up in British America, in Mexico, and especially in the West India Islands. It WaS absolutely necessary to have these stations, and the service was much crippled because he had no money for their maintenance. The stations in the West Indies had been discontinued for lack of appropriations, and the result had been that the public did not have advance knowledge of the great storms which did great damage in Charleston, Atlantic City, and Coney Island last year.

Gen, Hazen also said that he made monthly reports of the operations of his bureau to the Secretary of War, and had each month transmitted to the accounting officers through the Secretary of the Treasury vouchers for all the expenditures made by the Signal Service and had never been called upon to explain any of them, nor had any question ever been raised regarding any of them. The first intimation he had had of any irregularities in his accounts waR the circular of Controller Maynard published in the newspapers. A Mean Attack. About the meanest attempt to injure and weaken with the people a strong Democrat comes from Miami county. Last week's Troy Union told a doleful story of how James MeMakin, one of the Trustees of Newberry township, Miami county, had attempted to defraud Mrs.

Thompson, an old woman whom he took to the Infirmary, by keeping $153 belonging to The Union fires off its alleged information in a mean way, and inthat Superintendent Duncan, of the Miami Infirmary, went to Covington and forced Mr. McMaekin to disgorge. Mr. McMackin is an old friend of ours, and we have taken the trouble to ascertain the facts in the case: Mrs. Thompson, who has no place where she can peaceably stay, requested to be taken to the Infirmary.

Before she went she told Mr. McMackin that she had some money which she had saved up to bury her decently when she died, and asked him to take charge of it for her benefit. This request was made in the presence of Mr. George Schilling and his wife and mother, all reputable citizens of Covington. Mr.

McMakin then consulted Wm. Freshour, a Republican attorney of Covington, and acting upon his advice he took charge of the money, writing a receipt therefor, but leaving the amount on deposit in the Covington Bank, where Mrs. Thompson had it, with the exception of seven dollars which at her he drew and gave to her. request When Duncan went to Covington and' insisted that the money must be turned over to the Infirmary, Mr. MeMakin went to the bank, drew the and paid it over.

That's all money there is in the Union cock and bull story. There was no secrecy about the transaction--if there had been anything wrong about it, Mr. Freshour would not have advised the course taken. Mr. McMakin is a Democratic candidate for Trustee in Newberry township, and that was sufficient reason for the Union's attack.

All kinds of shoes and all sizes, can be found at Fosters'. THE FIRM OF "I WE." BROCK, DARKE March 23, 1886. EDITOR Roland's paper of March 17th, there appeared an article written from New Madison, which was intended for a reply to my article of January 28, 1886, and signed Jason Downing. Reading that article put me in remind of the story of the Dutchman and his son Jakey were going through a forest together, and came across a bear. "Now," said the old man to Jakey, "you stand still 'till catch the bear." The old man hopped on the bear and the brute began to hug the Dutchman pretty tight.

"Come here Jakey," yelled the old man, "and help me let him loose!" So the article I wrote on January 28th, and the facts therein concerning Roland's Democracy bugged the old man so tight that he goes down to New Madison to his friend Downing and says, "That Bertram has got me fast; help me let him loose." Now, while friend Downing has lent his pen to help Roland get loose, I will pen a part of his article that he signed his name to and put the article square at him, so that if he is honest in his Democracy the people of Darke county can see for themselves whether he wrote the article he signed or not. His article is dated "New Madison, Darke Ohio, March 10, 1886," and says: "In the ADVOCATE of January 28, there appeared an article from the pen of Mr. Bertram, this county, on the subject of changing the mode of nominating candidates for county offices from the popular vote to the delegate system, to whose views I took exceptions and wrote a reply, asking the editors to publish it." Now, friend Downing, you said "I took exceptions and wrote a reply, asking the editors to publish it." We will now go down the column to where you address the editors of the ADVOCATE in this language: "Editors ADVOCATE--In your issue of January 28, 1886, there appeared An article from the pen of I. H. Bertram, under the caption 'Delegate to which we take exceptions." Now, friend Downing, if there is a company of you, I want to know who the company is that wrote that article.

Above, you said "I took exceptions," and below you say "we took exceptions." You have thrown yourself in the mess, and in order that I may find out who to reply to, I will require you to go to some Justice of the Peace or Notary and make affidavit to the following questions: Did not Roland pen or dictate that article which was sent to the ADVOCATE for publication? Did not you sign your name to it in order that it would be published in the ADVOCATE? Now, friend Downing, you are the sole owner of that article, say so under oath, and I will reply to it shortly. If the above is not true, it will not be hard to answer; and if it is true, take your medicine like a man, and tell me who and "we" are. I. H. BERTRAM.

Judge Sater's improvement of his large body of bottom land adjoining the west corporation line will prove a great sanitary benefit to Greenville. It has been judiciously ditched and thoroughly tiled; and as it will hereafter be regularly cultivated, the unwholesome emanations from swampy land and decaying rank vegetation will no longer arise from it. The Judge is also determined to make another improvement--one that will not only beautify the western part of our city, but greatly contribute to the pleasure of all those who can appreciate and enjoy it. He is having the ground surveyed for the lake we spoke of some time ago. It will be fed by pure spring water, and cover an area of some four acres.

It will be constructed with several extensive arms or inlets, spanned by rustic bridges, and around the whole will be made a graveled drive-way, set with shade trees at short intervals on both sides. This lake will front Sater's addition, and make lots in that part of Greenville particularly desirable. Judge Sater deserves credit for these improvements, and we know they will be appreciated. The new postoffice will be opened to the public to-day. It is a gem of neatness, with an entire new outfit of furniture and boxes, and Greenville need not now be ashamed of her postal room.

We wish Postmaster Hime and his assistants success in their pleasant quarters. Clover Seed bought and sold by The Henry St. Clair Nos. 5 and 7.