The News and Observer from Raleigh, North Carolina • 1

an an an THE WEATHER TODAY Yesterday's Paid Circulation Monday portion; North slight cloudy, Carolina: temperature showers Fair in Sunday: change. west The News and Observer 69,044 DAILY. CENTS VOL. CLIII. NO.

69. RALEIGH, N. SUNDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 7, 1941. PRICE: CENTE Skywriting New Plane Output Record 2000 1500 1000 500 JAN FED MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG United States plane production takes a new spurt skyward as growing plant facilities pushed the figure for August to 1,854, nearly 400 better than the July figure. Aircraft production is expected to top 2,000 a month before the year's Mighty Bomber Ordered Into Mass Production Huge New Craft Carries Heavier Firepower Than Present Flying Fortress Washington, Sept.

6. A mighty new long-range, tude bomber, believed by ties here to be one of the world's most powerful aerial weapons, was ordered into mass production by the War Department today with awards of contracts totaling 156.674. Representing this country's latest contribution to the British drive to win aerial superiority over the Axis powers, especially in farflying bombardment craft, the new plane was described officially as a bigger, improved model of the Boeing Flying Fortress. Heavier Firepower. Carrying heavier firepower than the B-170 Flying Fortress now in use in the American air forces and the British Royal Air Force, the 17E incorporates armament improvements resulting from lessons learned in the European war.

These include gun turrets on the top and bottom of the fuselage and a tail turret, all designed to give the plane resistance against attack from any direction. Speed was expected to be about the same as the B-17D-around 300 miles hour. The first 3-17E rolled out of the Boeing Airplane Company's factory at Seattle yesterday and two and a half hours later was on its initial test flight. Today the War Department issued an announcement that tests were being made and that the plane would be turned out in mass production by three manufacturers Boeing. Douglas Aircraft Company at Santa Monica, Calit, and the Vega Airplane Company, a Lockheed subsidiary, at Burbank.

Calif. This was followed a short time later by announcement of the award of two contracts to Boeing for 447.057 and one to Douglas for 709.616. Presumably the Vega orders will be disclosed later. Ordered in Quantity. Neither the type nor number of planes covered by these contracts was divulged were delivery dates given-but officials made no secret of the significance of the sequence of events as evidence that the were being ordered in quantity.

Moreover, on the basis of estimates that each of the new planes would cost in excess of $300,000, it generally was accepted that manufacture of about 1,000 had been provided for by today's contracts. Many of these planes undoubtedly will go to Britain under the leaselend program and others, it is expected, will be moving a few months from now to such strategic American outposts as those in the Far East. the Caribbean and the North Atlantic. Planes of the B-17D class already have seen extensive service in Brit- ish raids over northern Europe. On one daylight flight in the high altitudes, the War Department said today, "they were virtually beyond the range of sight or sound by hostile ground crews" and the first warning of the attack came "when bombs screamed down out of an apparently clear sky." 2,000 Short Atlanta, Sept.

on the social life of teachers--some towns frown en bridge and dancing-was blamed in part tonight by State Education officials for the fact that Georgia public schools will epen Monday shy nearly 2,000 teachers. Instead of last year's average pupils, the average this year will be a teacher for every 41 pupils, according to A. I. Allman, assistant state superintendent. Job opportunities resulting from the defense program the state's low wage scale for teachers, and restricting social rules are the main causes of the teacher shortage, State Superintendent M.

D. Collins said. The teacher salary scale in Georgia is among the lowest in the country. It ranges from $25 to $65 a month for Negro teachers, and from $40 to $80 a month for white teachers. Tagged Berlin, Sept.

Jews over six years of age were ordered by the secret police today to wear a large yellow "Star of David" with a black superscription: "Jew." order, issued by Secret Police Chief Reinhard Heydrick, said that Jews would not be permitted to leave the area in which they reside without police permission. The order becomes effective September 15. As published in the official legal gazette it covers entire Reich as well as the protectorate of ether Bohemia and Moravia. It was regarded here as the sharpest official measure against Jews since those introduced following the anti-Semitic outbreaks of November 9, 1938. "Jews who have completed their sixth year are forbidden to show themselves public for without the Jewish star," the order said.

"The star consists of a six-pointed star, outlined in black on yellow cloth the size of the palm of one's hand, with a black superscription: "Jew. "It must be worn visibly and firmly sewed to the left breast of clothing." The order provided a fine of 150 marks (about $60) or six weeks' imprisonment for violation of the new regulation. LATINS DISCLOSE GERMAN NETWORK Probe in Argentina Reveals Large Numbers of Nazis Working for Fatherland Strong demands for the ouster of Baron Edmund Von Thermann, German ambassador to Argentina, came from all sides tonight following allegations by a Congressional committee that more than 500,000 Nazi storm troopers are strategically scattered throughout South America. Raul Damonte Taborda, chairman of the Congressional committee investigating anti-Argentine activities, asserted that the storm troop "army" is organizing to "Nazify" the entire continent. Taborda is directing a swepeing inquiry similar to that made by Martin Dies in the United States.

Removal Demanded. The newspaper Critica said editorially that, as result of the Taborda committee's revelations, the German ambassador "should be handed his passport." Deputy Alejandro Gancedo, head of the anti bloc in Congress, said that the mask has been ripped "from the maneuvers of the German embassy, center of antiArgentine movements" and that the Argentine people "feels a just antipathy for these acts which dishonor Germany." "I don't believe the Argentine people will be able to stand much longer the presence of the German ambassador." Gancedo said. "The government must hand him nis passport because he has ceased to be persona grata." Deputy Reynaldo Pastor, head of the conservative wing in parliament, urged "repressive legislation" and said that position of the German ambassador to this country has become delicate." Taborda, in describing the Nazi made these charges: 1. Baron Edmund Von Thermann, the German ambassador, as leader of the Nazi network in South America, will be forced to leave Argentina as a result of the Congressional investigation. 2.

Nazi leaders have ordered "the establishment of bases in Brazil and the northern countries of South America." 3. The German embassy has a black list with the names of 3,000 Argentine residents unfriendly to the Nazi regime. 4. Germany "hopes to obtain political and economic control" of South America by use of "enormous sums of money to put quislings in power through fomenting revolts." Strong Groups. Taborda, whose committee has made two reports on alleged German activities here, said that Von Thermann was director of the Nazi campaign in all of South America and that 60,000 of the alleged storm troopers were concentrated at the base of the movement in Buenos Aires.

"Sixty thousands of them are in See LATINS, Page Two. INNOCENT FRENCH KILLED BY NAZIS Germans Shoot Three Hostages in Reprisal for Soldier's Slight Wound Vichy, Sept. 6. Three French hostages, reported selected from among Communist prisoners of a concentration camp, were executed by a German firing squad at Paris today in reprisal for an attack in which a German sergeant was slightly wounded three ago. Unofficial advices reaching Vichy reported that the three Frenchmen were removed from the Drancy camp near Paris at dawn, lined up before a wall and shot to death.

They were not identified. Warning Repeated. Gen. Von Schaumberg, commander of the city of Paris, in a military announcement published in Paris newspapers called attention to his warning of Aug. 22 that hostages would be executed if further attacks should be made on German troops the Paris region.

"Despite this warning," the announcement said, "a member of the German army has been the victim of a new attack Sept. 3. Inquiry has shown the guilty party could have been none other than a French Communist. As reprisals for this dastardly action three French tages have been shot." Slight Wound. The wounded German sergeant, who also has not been identified, suffered only a flesh wound and was reported recovering.

He was shot once in the shoulder as he walked on the street near the East Station. for imprisonment most the Then Drancy camp, has been, used French arrested during demonstrations Paris and its suburbs. An inner cabinet meeting was held today at which the minister of the interior, Pierre Puchett, who is in charge of French police, was delegated to go urgently to Paris. The reason was not disclosed immediately. taken The up cabinet with was Marshal believed Petain to have the questions of line-up of government functionaries under the present Vichy regime.

It was learned that beginning Oct. 1 Max Ungrand, the interior ministry's representative at Paris, will strengthen his staff with two new officials designated to place more emphasis on the preservation of order. In another reorganization today Vice Premier Admiral Jean Darlan gained power as Marshal Petain's administrative service was attached to his office. By this Darlan received possible direction of proposed network of commissars See HOSTAGES, Page Two. Lemonade Stand Helps Locate Polio Carriers Chicago.

Sept. a little girl kept a lemonade stand in suburban Western Springs and four of her playmates came down with infantile paralysis, scientists have struck the hottest trail of the deadly disease virus in the history of epidemiology, it was disclosed tonight. Dr. Edward A. Piszczek, Cook County health director, announced the discovery of seven healthy carriers of the poliomyelitis viruswell persons who harbor the virus with the ability to infect others.

So little is known about the cause and control of polio that Piszczek ing the the ardor and his laboratory, staff are pressscientists the verge of important sea discoveries. A grant of $4,000 from the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, which disburses funds from the President's birthday balls, has been virtually exhausted. One hundred and twenty monkeys have been utilized and additional hundreds have been ordered. "Experiments at University two years ago established that healthy persons may be poliomyelitis carriers," Dr. Piszczek said, U.

RELATIONS CRITICAL AFTER NAZIS ADMIT SUB ATTACK, SAYING U-BOAT ACTED IN DEFENSE Berlin Brands American Annoyances Fail to Keep Her From Appointed Rounds Destroyer Greer As Aggressor In Atlantic Battle, Acting On Roosevelt's Orders; Claims Sub Commander Unable To Identify Ship Berlin. Sept. German submarine fired two torpedoes at the United States destroyer Greer, a German communique acknowlthe American warship agedged today, but it that gressor and acted on orders of President Roosevelt who, is trying "to incite the 'American people into war against Germany." According to the official version, the destroyer attacked first in Icelandic waters the Germans have declared to be inside their blockade zone and the U-boat commander not knowing the destroyer's nationality, acted justifiably in exercise cf the primitive right of self-defense. Lasted 12 Hours. The communique, issued through D.

N. located the opening clash about 200 miles southwest of Iceland and described the encounter as lasting almost 12 hours. Shortly after noon last Thursday, the statement said, the submarine "was attacked," and almost until midnight the destroyer chased the U-boat and dropped depth bombs. According to the communique, two hours and 19 minutes elapsed between the time the destroyer attacked at 12:30 p. m.

and the U-boat discharged two torpedoes at 2:39 p. m. The German statement concluded: "If American naval sources, namely the United States Navy Department, claim that the attack was started by the German U-boat the purpose of such an assertion can only be to give at least an appearance of justification to the attack by an American destroyer on a German U-boat in violation of neutrality. Attack Roosevelt. "The attack itself is proof that Mr.

Roosevelt, contrary to nis claims, has already, at an earlier time, given general orders to American destroyers not only to report the position of German ships and U-boats in violation of neutrality but, beyond that, to attack them. "Mr. Roosevelt, in this way, is trying by all means at his disposal to provoke incidents in order to incite the American people into war against Germany." The communique, ending two days of official silence, acknowledged that the submarine's torpedoes went wide of their mark. On the other hand, the submarine was able to get somewhere for her commander to report. There was some disposition in informal comment in Berlin, therefore, to question whether the episode would aggravate relations between Germany and the United States.

However, some sources regarded the incident as loaded with dynamite. Unable to Explain. Subsequent events established that the warship must have been the Greer and that point no longer was subject to dispute. But the communique said that at the time "The German U- was not in a position to determine the nationality of the attacking destroyer." It was not stated precisely why the submarine, despite daylight hours, could not determine that the destroyer was American. Anyway, it was contended, that was beside the point in view of the assertion that the U-boat was being attacked.

Besides its defense of the submarine's conduct on that score, the communique pointed out that the incident occurred in waters proclaimed by the German govSee BERLIN, Page Two. It takes more than a storm, steps, and heckling to stop Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt from grabbing her skirts and making her appointed rounds--this time in Pittsburgh, where she talked with Democratic leaders, held a press conference, attended a luncheon, inspected an NYA center, dedicated a housing project, was honor guest at a tea and then made the main address at a "Youth in Democracy" rally. This picture was made as she rushed for shelter at the housing project. Grim Slaughter Continues On Entire Russian Front Germans Acknowledge Fanatic Resistance; Say Big Guns Pounding Leningrad Berlin, Sept.

reports admitted today that terrific Red Army counter-attacks are being hurled against Nazi lines at a dozen points along the eastern front, particularly along the lower Dneiper river where Marshal Semyon Budenny was said to be makunceasing efforts to set up sian bridgeheads on the western banks of the broad river. Nazi accounts claimed, however, that despite the ferocity of the fighting the Russians repeatedly have been driven off and that German artillery batteries now are pounding vital electric plants and arms factories in besieged Leningrad. Bombers Active. The official DNB news agency reported strong German bomber forces today carried out rolling attacks on Soviet troops encircled in the Leningrad area and heavily attacked Russian artillery positions. Extraordinarily casulties, it was claimed, were inflicted by successive attacks on -packed troop concentrations.

A Nazi propaganda company reporter claimed that German troops outside Leningrad are so close that, from the top of a hill, they can see the city's tall radio masts and factory chimneys. (Radio Helsinki broadcast today that Leningrad is completely encirSee GERMANS, Page Two. UNDER THE DOME OFFICER--The International sociation of Governmental Labor Officials elected Commissioner of Labor Forrest H. Shuford as vicepresident at their annual convention at St. Louis, last week.

Commissioner Shuford, who is attending the convention, was also made a member of the association's board of directors. It was the third recent recognition tendered State officials of North Carolina. The prison, parole and probation folks recently persuaded the national association to hold its convention in North Carolina, and Secretary of State Thad Eure is now on his way back from Los Angeles. where he was elected president of the national association for secretaries of state. The tremendous increase in bus travel as a result of defense concentrations in the State already has begun to overtax the facilities of bus stations that have just recently been erected to take care of additional traffic.

At Wilmington, a station just one year old has been swamped by the soldiers concentrated at Camp Davis and the workers imported for ship building at the port. Fayetteville, which obtained a new bus station just three years ago, has been forced to lease a nearby warehouse to take care of the overflow of Fort Bragg men and their relatives from far and wide. Now there are indications that the new union bus station in Raleigh, not yet occupied but ready for a formal opening Wednesday. will be too small for the greatly increased bus traffic here and some are predicting that the $200,000 which Seaboard proposes to spread over track improvement and a new Navy Disputes German Claim That U. S.

Ship Launched Attack; President Ignores Nazi Declaration But Makes Plans to Deliver Speech of Major Importance Monday Washington, Sept. Navy Department bluntly disputed tonight a claim from Berlin that the destroyer Greer had been the aggressor in an engagement with a German submarine off Iceland and reiterated that "the initial attack was made by the submarine on the Greer." The Navy issued the following statement: "Notwithstanding German contentions appearing in today's press that the Greer was the aggressor in its action with the submarine, the facts are the same as originally stated by the Navy Departmentnamely, that the initial attack in this engagement was made by the submarine on the Greer. It was then, and not until then, that the Greer counter-attacked." Repeats Accusation. The Navy's original announcement Thursday night said that the Greer, "en route to Iceland with mail, reported this morning that submarine attacked her by firing torpedoes which missed their mark. The Greer immediately counter -attacked with depth charges." Berlin today claimed that the Greer, a destroyer, attacked first, and that the U-boat used its torpedo tubes in self defense.

An exactly similar claim was made for the Greer yesterday by President Roosevelt. The submarine fired first, said, and the Greer dropped depthbombs in self defense. Berlin Charges. To its published claim, Germany added a strong denunciation President Roosevelt and American policy, which occasioned little surprise here, and for the time being, least, elicited no official comment. Berlin charged: That the assertion that the Greer was acting in self-defense "can only be to give at least the appearance justification to an attack by an American destroyer on a German That it proved President Roosevelt had.

contrary to his published statements, issued "general orders American destroyers not only to report positions of German ships and U-boats but, beyond that, to attack them." And that "Mr. Roosevelt in this way also is trying with all means his disposal to provoke incidents order to incite the American people into war against Germany." Officials Silent. Although State Department and Navy officials were silent on the German communique, Chairman Connally (D-Tex.) of' the Senate Foreign Relations Committee said "The Nazis might as well learn now that we are going to defend our ships and our citizens." "The German fact that the Nazis admit: submarine was involved." he added, "amounts to an that it was acting under orders the Nazi government in firing on our destroyer. "This spirit of assassination. disregard for the rights of other nations and arrogant contempt for the United States dragged us into last war.

"We do not want to become involved in the present war, but if our ships or citizens are attacked we are going to defend them." Senator Capper a member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee one who has not voted for administration foreign measures, directly challenged the truth of the Nazi statement. "My opinion is that the Germans have made some misstatements in their communique," he said. "I can hardly believe that the President would order our warships to attack an effort to incite the people into war. Beyond that, there is little that can be said until all the facts are known." Doubt Cleared. In any event.

the German pronouncement cleared up any lingerdoubt as to the nationality of the submarine involved in the incident Greer, something which had to be established conclusively before this, country could make diplomatic protest. Where the conflicting claims are See See GREER, Page Two. Up! Up! Up! Washington, Sept. tail food prices reached "the highest level in 10 years" on August 12, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. It that the latter of August "the rise continued." Prices of basic foods increased an average of 1.2 per cent from July 15 to August 12, the Bureau said, and were 12 per cent higher than a year ago.

The Bureau's report attrib. uted the increases to "many factors," but said "chief among them are increased employment with consequent greater consumer demand, large government purchases and some speculative buying." Prices of bread and milktwo of the most important foods--advanced "quite generally" during the mid-July to mid-August period, and "substantial increases" were reported for eggs, oranges, navy beans, sugar, cheese and evaporated milk. Butter prices declined but were 25 per cent higher than year ago. a he of of MIDDLE MARKETS READY FOR SALES Higher Tobacco Prices Expected as Third Belt in State Opens Tuesday Middle Belt farmers, who have heard the echo of high prices chanted on warehouse floors by Border and Bright Belt auctioneers, look forward with optimism to Tuesday when their nine markets begin the 1941 buying season. Markets of the Middle Belt are 1o- cated at Aberdeen, Carthage, Durham.

Fuquay, Springs, Henderson, Louisburg, Oxford, Sanford and Warrenton. P. Hedrick, tobacco marketing specialist of the State Department of Agriculture, said yesterday that "general satisfaction has marked leaf sales on every market in the bright and border belts and farmers in the middle areas are viewing price prospects with unrestrained optimism." "The leaf that has been offered at the auctions this far this season has been of a quality highly satisfactory to most Hedrick observed. "Light in texture and most desitable for cigarette production, fluecured tobacco that has been sold on the Border and Bright Belt warehouse floors has brought a price averaging above $25 per 100 pounds, compared with a seasonal average of $17.26 for all belts last season." A total of 35.293,340 pounds of flue-cured leaf was sold on the 14 Bright Belt markets last week for an average of $25,42 per 100 pounds, while the season's average for the belt for 60.090,112 pounds has been See TOBACCO, Page Two. Russians Claim Nazis Repulsed With Terrific Casualties At Vital Points Moscow, Sept.

-The Red Army today reported the slaughter of German troops "by the thousands" and destruction of hundreds of Nazi tanks in smashing assaults that hurled Adolf Hitler's back from Leningrad, Wehrmacht, banks of the lower Dnieper. A series of new Russian counterattacks along the wide and deep front before Leningrad's barricaded suburbs was said in late advices reaching Moscow to have thrown the Nazis back with huge losses. Marshal Cemyon Budenny's Ukrainian forces were said to have crossed the lower Dnieper at "several points" and regained a foothold on the west bank in fierce battles. Stone-Wall Stand. The siege of Odessa entered its third week with "tens of thousands" of dead German and Rumanian troops as the price of the enemy's futile attempts to storm the Black Sea port.

The Soviet high command in a communique early today described a stubborn, stone-wall stand by the Red Army all along the front from the Arctic, to the Crimea, marked by aerial combats and murderous artillery fire. Many Casualties. "German soldiers by the thousands, hundreds of tanks and armored cars and trucks and scores of artillery, mortar and machinea gun batteries are being annihilated by the accurate fire of our the communique said. The Red air fleet, blasting with quickened tempo at German columns moving up to the siege of Leningrad, Kiev, and Odessa, was said to have destroyed 60 Nazi planes on See RUSSIANS, Page Two. Artificial Blitz Adapts Britons To Winter Bombs London, Sept.

Workers. children and bomb-shocked neurotics were led into dark and cold tomb-like vaults in London today and, in one of the most horrible experiments war, were exof the posed to an artificial blitz bombing calculated to be just exactly as terrifying as the real thing. Air raid precaution officials and physicians conducted the experiment with a view to preparing Britons for things to come in a Fall and Winter which government leaders have predicted will bring German raids perhaps worse than those of last year. Wide-eyed, expecting anything, the subjects of the test huddled together as they were lede underground. Some clutched hands of others.

A switch was turned, and there began a terrible sound -the raw reproduction of air raid noises. noise, nothing concocted in a sounds studio, was the real thing, recorded during one of London's worst raids last year. Screaming sirens in a sinking and rising wail filled the vault with ominous notes. Presently "Bang! Bang! Bang!" went the guns. to at in a of depot will not provide sufficient facilities here for the rail traffic through the Capital City.

The trouble was that no one imagined traffic would reach such a peak at the time new stations were being designed and constructed. MERIT -Only a week this is the first time the carriers have been located sO quickly. "Speed is essential in checking an epidemic." 'He explained that the Western Springs investigation was the first time in which it was possible, because of the small size of the community, to examine everyone who came in contact with the little lemonade vendor. That she was the prime source was established early in the investigation. One hot afternoon in July she did a lively business in front of her home.

What did it matter if as the day wore on the glasses weren't rinsed after every using? The customers weren't fussy and kept plunking down their pennies just the same. Then she and four customers came down with the disease. It was its first appearance in the community this season. Doctors pounced on the case as an opportunity to establish important new facts in the long, discouraging battle against polio. Here was the evident source of a small epidemic.

See POLIO, Page Two. has passed since the State Merit System Council announced examinations for clerical positions in four State agencies, local health units and county welfare departments, but some 2,261 applications have poured into the Council office. The flow of applications is rapid because the exams will affect the jobs of about 1.925 government employees. The number of employees who will have to take the exams has been estimated, by departments, as follows: State Board of Health, 225; State Board of Charities and lic Welfare. 200; County Welfare Departments, 700; Local Health Units.

750; and State Blind Commission, 50. The health units include city, county and district health organizations. Most of the employees who must take the exams will have to make only 70 to pass and therefore hold their jobs. But some workers were hired after certain "deadline dates" were set by the Social Security Administration and will have to take the exams on a competitive basis. W.

H. Wesson, assistant to Merit System Supervisor Frank T. de Vyver, could not give an estimate on the number of employees who will have to scramble with the thousands of outside applicants for their own jobs but said that they make up "a considerable These are the people who are tossSee DOME, Page Two. a The drone of bombers was heard as overhead. The sounds swelled in the dark vault.

The guns kept banging. Then big bombs burst. The guns kept up. More bombs. Then the crackle of flames.

Next clanging fire engines added their noise, the other sounds continuing. The experimenters, fearing lest they try their subjects too hard. softened the sounds momentarily to see how the people were standing the realistic reproduction. No one was crying out. A flashlight swung around the room.

revealing drawn faces and frightened eyes. But no one was swooning. The experimenters stepped up the amplification. Pandemonium broke loose. To the awful accompaniment were added wails and screams, and the shouted orders of wardens and firefighters and doctors.

After the climax the noises graually died out. At all clear the people were led from the vaults. The physicians questioned those who had been through it. It was terrifying, they agreed, but they See BLITZ, Page Two..