The News and Observer from Raleigh, North Carolina • 4

THE NEWS AND OBSERVER, RALEIGH. N. TUESDAY MORNING, JULY 3, 1934. The News and Observer OLD Published Every Day In The fear By NEWS AND OBSERI PUBLISHING COMPANY Josephus Daniela, President. UNION Member of The Associated is exclusively Press entitled to the use for publication of The Associated Press dispatches credited to and it all the news or not otherwise in this paper also the local news published special herein.

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Entered at the Postoffice at Raleigh, North Carolina Second Class Matter. Today's Bible Thought SALVATION: If thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and shalt believe in thine heart that God hath raised Him from the dead, thou shalt be 10:9. Morning Tonic (Buddha.) The arrow-maker trues his arrow, the carpenter shapes his log, the wise man himself. Tranquil are his shapes thoughts, serene his meditation when he has obtained freedom by knowledge. Uncle Walt Mason They're printing letters of Charles Dickens, that show his inner life, and how he bought eight pounds of chickens, and wrangled with his wife.

They're laying bare the man's emotions, his triumphs and his care, they tell about the patent lotions he bought to grow new hair. The reader of these old epistles reads on with bulging eyes, and every now and then he whistles in anger and surprise. Somehow the trick seems rather rotten, to print them at this day, to dig up troubles long forgotten and put them on display. The ablest man write's silly letters when in a dizzy mood, and when he's shaken off life's betters those letters should be stewed. They should be gathered ere he's planted, by relatives bereft, and when the final dirge is chanted there should be nothing left.

Alas, when any great man's perished, and in the boneyard laid, his letters are raked up and cherished till time to make a trade. And in ten years or twelve or fifty there comes an offer nice, and his descendants, prompt and thrifty, sell out and bank the price. Such letters now are uninviting because they're over-ripe; and we behold a great man writing the cheapest kind of tripe. 'Purge' and 'Spot' No one who has seen a gangster movie in the United States should have any difficulty in understanding the recent "purging by death" of the Nazi government under Hitler. By methods familiar to every American who has read the news or seen the melodramas of our gangsters, Hitler and his followers put "on the spot" and "took for a ride" members of their gang who had ideas or plans of their own.

Hitler himself joined in the gang descent on Ernest Roehm, Cabinet member without portfolio and chief of the Storm Troopers. Indeed, according to dispatches, The Leader indulged in a dialogue with his doomed lieutenant which would have done honor to a Hollywood scenario writer. Roehm was given the chance to "take the consequences," as they call suicide in Hitler's gang. Instead, he pleaded with Hitler that Hitler himself shoot him. But the Chancellor, says the dispatches, "saw no reason why he should honor a traitor by killing him." He had his gunmen along to do that little job.

They did it. The United States has suffered much from gangsters. But, until President Roosevelt has Herbert Hoover shot down in cold blood, and makes it clear to others who disagree with him that they can "take the consequences" or get a dose of governmental lead, we will be free from that gangsterism in government which now rules Germany. It is easy to speak with a swift contempt of democracy and government by the people under orderly democratic forms, until one is required to regard the horridness that the "strong" government of dictatorship means. On a national scole it is the same government as that by which Al Capone governed the beer racket in Chicago, and by which "Legs" Diamond governed his "business" in New York.

by death" is a high-sounding phrase, but it means exactly the same thing as "put on the spot." Monument or Chain? On December 11, 1924 James Buchanan Duke, tobacco and water power millionaire, created by indenture a trust of water power, tobacco factory, cotton mill and other stocks and bonds, the income from which was to be devoted to the support of colleges, hospitals, orphanages and other good works in the Carolinas. The trust was accepted by the people of the States as a blessing and a blessing it has been. They accepted it as a trust wholly devoted to benevolence. They believe it should be that today. Unfortunately for the trust and for the States, however, it has been formally made by its director an institution devoted not only to benevolence but also to the interests of the Duke Power Company and an agency for the mobilization of those who received the foundation's benevolence, behind the vested property interests of the power company and in opposition to the Rooseveltian program of the more abundant life.

Opposing the grant of a Public Works Administration loan to the people of a South Carolina community who want to build a power plant of their own, Dr. W. S. Rankin, director of the Endowment lined up squarely behind corporate wealth and against the administration's ideal of public welfare when he declared that "the Federal Government is pursuing policies which, unless abandoned, will seriously cripple, if not destroy, the Duke Power Company." The Duke Endowment does not only own stock in the Duke Power Company, it also owns stock in tobacco companies, cotton mills, aluminum plants, steamboat lines and railroads. Having taken the first step in opposition to the New Deal as to one of its holdings, will Dr.

Rankin oppose also the elimination of child labor and sweatshop conditions because such elimination might cut his Endowment's dividends? Will he continue to make his Endowment, which ought to be a great benevolent institution, an agency in defense of every practice that can add any dollar to the corporate dividends his Endowment receives? If he does, then the Duke Endowment will cease to be a blessing to the States which it is presumed to serve. It will become instead a curse to the people of those States, buying their manhood, their independence, their future with charity and devoting itself to keeping in economic bondage the people whom it should be aiding to be whole and secure and free. Those who hold in honor the memory of James Buchanan Duke should hasten to save his benevolence from distortion. He left millions behind him to bless the people from whom he rose and the people from whom he made his millions. He left behind a monument, not a chain.

The Job at State In higher education in North Carolina today no man has a more important job, with the possible exception of Dr. Frank Graham, than Col. John W. Harrelson, new dean of administration: at the State College unit of the Greater University. Since the embattled farmers in the last century secured the establishment of an agricultural and mechanical college in West Raleigh that institution has served the State in excellent fashion.

Its services and its products have not been so spectacular as have those of the University which graduated men to become the lawyers and doctors, the politicians and the officials of the State. The graduates of State College instead of rising to the limelight went back to the land as farmers and teachers, or into the factories and plants as managers and directors of the State's industrial development. In both capacities they served the State's advance. From its comparatively recent beginnings the college in West Raleigh has made remarkable growth, but it has not attained the position which Colonel Harrelson and Dr. Graham should plan for it as a part of the Greater University.

In a technical age there is need in North Carolina, indeed in the whole South, of a great technical institution such as, for instance, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It should provide all the facilities for education in the sciences by which men on farms and in factories may serve the plenty of the people i in the era of plenty in which we live. And such men as it graduates must be provided not only with scientific training but also with that cultural base upon which even the most technical sciences must depend unless scientists are to be permitted in the future, as in the past, to shape and launch their new processes, pregnant with change for all men, in a world about which they are socially and politically ignorant. The world before us is as mysterious as the future has always been to living men, but it is certain that in the future into which we are moving the engineer, the technician, the man trained in the essential sciences will be necessary to procide the plenty which man today has a right to demand. In North Carolina it will be the business of State College, of the great institute of technology which must be made there, to man the future of North Carolina with men trained to make it a North Carolina of plenty.

To so shape the future of State College, and through it the future of the State, is the job of Colonel Harrelson under Dr. Graham. As they succeed or fail in that task there will be, in great measure, success or failure in shaping the future of North Carolina in a technical age toward the more abundant life. Two Rivers The Atlanta Journal. No apter nor more striking example of the interdependence of nations may be found than in the underlying facts of a dispute between the United States and Mexico over international water right.

This difference, happily, is being handled in a sensible manner. Our Ambassador, Mr. Josephus Daniels, and Dr. Puig, the Mexican minister of foreign relations, will jointly investigate the facts of the matter, and their report will be the basis for negotiations in an orderly and amicable procedure. To put it tersely, we want more of the water of the lower Rio Grande for irrigation in Texas.

But more than half of the headwaters of that river arise and drain from the mountains of northern Mexico. On the other hand, Mexico wants more of the water of the Colorado River, which arises entirely in the United States; for this water the farmers of Arizona and the Imperial Valley are claimants for a larger share. Involved in the contention are opposing theories of international law. According to one interpretation, the country into which the water drains is the owner. On this premise, the farmers of Texas claim right to more of the Rio Grande than they are receiving.

That theory is opposed by the farmers, of the arid lands farther west, who contend that, since the Colorado is wholly American in origin, our nationals are entitled to as much of the water as they want regardless of the desires of the Mexicans of Sonora. Fortunately, there is no likelihood of serious results from the conflict of opinions and interests, even if Mexico or the United States were belligerent in intention, for neither nation could maintain a theory in the matter of the Rio Grande and one directly opposite in the matter of the Colorado. But the two disputes do provide an interesting and thought stimulating text on all international relations. Our countries are mutually and commonly interdependent in commerce and all other relations. We cannot demand to be let to do as we please.

Nor can we hope wtih any reason to become independent in isolation. We must abide together, with live-and-live as the principle, not only because it is right, but also because it is expedient. Our nation, in its pride, may say figuratively about an international question. the Colorado springs from our soil and reaches its majesty and its power within our borders, therefore it is ours. But for every Colorado that we may claim there is a Rio Grande originating in an alien land from whose flow we seek the water of life.

Spirit of the Press DAMS AND DAMNS. George Beasley, in The Monroe Journal. Somebody recalled the quaint custom of a clean-spoken gentleman who was station agent here years ago. He invariably referred to Beaver Dam, now Marshville, as "Beaver Hill." thus avoiding even the most remote suggestion of an oath. The incident put me to thinking of the pros and cons of damn.

harsh little word has its good points. I find it futile to condemn anybody with damn or any other oath, even if the act were not extremely crude. But "damn" serves more graciously as the crown of a black mood than any other word or group of words. One of the best illustrations of the humorous and therefore more legitimate use of "damn" was provided by an old friend some years ago. He was taking a cow to graze.

The weather wasn't exactly comfortable, and man and cow walked along utterly lacking in enthusiasm. The man, chain in hand. trailed behind the cow. "Where you going?" asked some one who was loitering the shade. My friend's reply was so eloquent that damn, as he interpreted it.

has remained a part of my vocabulary. He said. without smiling: "I'm just tagging along. to see where this damn cow is going." KEEP THEM SAFE. Wilmington Star.

Among the most recent escapes from State Prison camps includes one serving a long term for second degree murder. This emphasizes a contention made by this newspaper some weeks ago to the effect that better safeguards should be thrown around long-term prisoners. The mere fact that a man is serving a prolonged term is sufficient evidence of his desperate character. and should be sufficient to guarantee his being kept under constant surveillance. There are sufficient prisoners whose offenses are minor in nature to perform the usual chores assigned to trusties, without loosing the more hardened on society after they have been Bit away.

'See North Carolina' -Try and See It! TO HOTEL TIRDE SWAIN: It Was News in The News and Observer Only Yesterday When it Happened, One, Five, Fifteen and Twenty-Five Years Ago July 3, 1929. Wall Street is unafraid of another call money flurry. Money jumps to 15 per but the advance continues over a broad front. Carriers are strong. Norfolk Western soars to a record high at $245.

Otis Elevator shoots up $34 in two days to a record top at $405 a share. On the second day of its existence, the State Highway Patrol loses a member by death. Patrolman George I. Thompson dies in a crash at Wadesboro. Motor truck transportation assumes new importance as shippers of the State are threatened with increases of from 12 1-2 to 40 percent.

by rail freight carriers, Police term fantastic the story of Willaid Elliott, New Jersey banker, who says he was held for six days by kidnappers. July 3, 1919. Twenty-five miles an hour is the State speed limit, and even on the Fourth of One Year Ago Secretary Wallace moves to curb rises in retail prices as result of increased returns for agricultural products Recognition of Soviet Russia nears as a deal for sale of thousands of bales of American cotton to Russia is made Mary Pickford and Douglass Fairbanks near the end of their marital trial. July it must not be exceeded by racing daredevils. Wake County officers Promoter Mike Rushton he can't stage an auto race on public highways.

A stretch already is smoothed for the event, but the racers will seek a private track. Secretary of State D. Bryan Grimes asks motorists to be patient. Joe Sawyer and his 25 fair assistants in the Capitol building are unable to cope with the rush for new tags. Texas Ritchie confers with Governor Bickett and goes on organizing the Loyal Order of Klansmen, Inc.

At the Almo, Chas. Ray in "'The Busher." At the Superba, Blanche Sweet in "The Unpardonable Sin." July 3, 1909. To preaching on the streets of Raleigh by the Salvation Army, Mayor Wynne withdraws his objections. The Board of Aldermen hears Captain Winchester and decides it would not be harmful to allow him to conduct his activities here. Senator Aldrich kills the proposed Federal income tax.

Colonel John W. Hinsdale of Raleigh is president of the State Bar Association. On the faculty of the University are three most promising new men: Prof. Patrick Henry Winston will teach law; Prof. William N.

Dey, romance languages, and Mr. Albert E. Woltz is the new bursar. Answered By Everyday Questions DR. S.

PARKES CADMAN. Brooklyn, N. Y. I am not a Christian, yet I believe that the commandment to love God and one's fellow men is the only way out. But I do not feel able to love everybody.

How do you reconcile the two? The love of God for what He is in Him self is a universal obligation. Its fulfilment is not beset by the difficulty you feel concerning man. For God is revealed to us as the Father of all His children and those who truly and sincerely love Him do so because He first loved them. The love of man is the result and the proof of our love of God. Wherever the first affection is found it is a satisfactory evidence of the second.

But the love re- The People's Forum HURRAH FOR THE FOURTH! To the Editor: Hurrah for the Fourth of July! It was North Carolina that suggested a Declaration of Independence. First, the people of Mecklenburg proposed to turn out every official who was appointed by the Crown Governor to office and for the people to elect such officials, and they desired every other colony to follow that example. Then in April, 1776, our State asked that all the other colonies should join in a Declaration of Independence Acting on that suggestion, 12 of the colonies agreed on July 4 to assert their independence. New York had not acted. so the paper writing of July 4 has the names of only 12 colonies as declaring independence.

Later, New York assented, and signed. Now behold what a great country we have! Hurrah for the of July! S. A. ASHE. Raleigh, N.

C. THE IDEAL SESSION. To the Editor: I can't say that all I know I see by the papers, but I do learn lots of things perusing their pages. For instance, Mr. Maxwell and Mr.

Brummitt are having a delightfully friendly quarrel over the new Constitution. They remind me of two back alley cats in a mid-summer night concert--harmonious discords. Just a friendly argument to let the world know they are on the job, and trying to do what they think best for the State they serve! Arguments, as a rule, however, bear very little fruit, of course, excepting the cats'. The way I see the thing, there is nothing wrong with the present Constitution; In My Opinion By Frank Smethurst. This is the story as I heard it except that I omit personal and, in the main, geographical identification.

A citizen of Raleigh, a very important citizen, as we measure importance, went fishing. With him went two lusty youngsters sure to be thrilled by the ripple of water against the bow of a flat bottom boat, by the hush of morning on a broad pond, by the decisive tug of a big chub at the end of a taunt line, most of all by the grown-up intimacy of this purely male enterprise. And they rolled cheerily down the road in the early morning, this father and his two boys--three boys together, talking knowingly of bait and fish and boats and pleasantly of other excursions past and prospective. The road reeled out behind them under the wheels of an expensive car. Trees, roadside signs, occasional houses and barns sped past.

A group of men at cross roads store saluted in friendly recognition. Within sight another stood by the highway waving his arms tically. The car drew up sharply and the roadside man thrust his head inside. He was an old man, old with ignorance and poverty, trembling with excitement. There was tragedy in his eyes and a strange, tense pleading.

"Please, sir," he said, "help me. My daughter, she's dyin' and I can't git no help nowhere. She's in the house there, dyin'. She's been sick all night an' I'm afeared to leave her to git a doctor and they ain't nobody to go. They ain't body to turn to.

She's dyin' an' I can't do nothin' And the important citizen drove into the yard, left his boys cautiously in the car, accompanied the old man into ramshackle hut. The daughter was there, a girl of around eighteen, and, true enough, she seemed to be dying, dying in vast disorder and filth. She lay on a ragged bedquilt in a makeshift bed. She had given birth to twins and one of them was already dead. An old Negro woman, not even a midwife, piddled about stupidly with a pan of water mumbling through toothless gums.

Very quickly the Important Citizen dragged out of the hysterical old man the name of the doctor in the nearby town who had occasionally treated the girl. He spun his car around and raced back the way he had come. The men at the store did not wave this time. They watched the car curiously far down the road. The doctor was found but to him it was an old story and not impressive.

"I've been tending to those tolks, off and on. They're no good. They never pay anything. I don't see how I can do anything about it. No, I can't go." "But," said the Important Citizen," I'm doing this.

I'll see that you are paid "No." repeated the Doctor, I can't do anything about it." The Important Citizen thrust one hand in his pocket and drew out a five dollar bill. "Damn your soul to he said, "here's the money. Do you mean to tell me that you, a doctor, won't go tr dying woman when you've got your fee in advance?" The doctor hesitated. He mumbled something about other calls and other patients. But he went without nurry or enthusiasm.

The Important Citizen followed him back. to see that he did. And at the store he drew alongside the men still standing there, an interested, curious group. "You fellows knew what was going on In that house yonder," he said 'you saw that old man begging for help. Why didn't you do something?" There was an embarrassed silence.

a clearing of throats and a scraping of shifting feet. Then one spoke. "You see sir," he said. "we knowed about the old man an' the girl. We knowed she was bad off and we we as sorry as could be.

Yes sir. we was sho' sorry for that ol' man. But warn't nothing we could do. That girl ain't got no husband and a fellow's ot to be mighty careful, mighty careful how he messes around a girl like that when she's havin' a baby." ferred to here does not mean the emo- tional feeling of natural impulse which binds us to our family and friends. It means that submission of the human will to its Maker which makes His will our delight.

The Master Himself had His chosen few whom He regarded with particular affection. Hence we read of "that disciple whom Jesus But His service from the cradle to the cross was given to the uttermost in behalf of the whole race. You can love people who are mean, uncongenial, non-sympathetic and repulsive by offering your best to their worst. In this sense the scientist. the in- there are just as many words in it as would be in a new one, and the words have been used in writing the new Constitution that are in the present one.

The trouble with the whole thing is the words are not reliable. For instance, the word constitution has such a string of words telling one what it is. he forgets what he is reading about before he gets to the end of what he is reading to learn what he is reading about. My idea for an ideal session for the next General Assembly to hold is to spend the entire time eating, drinking, sleeping--mostly sleeping, and drafting a dictionary with words, eacn having but one meaning, so when one says cow. he means cow, and bull is just pinin male cow.

and not the Legislature itself as heretofore construed. Well, they also, relieve the underpaid labor of industry. the unemployed and school teachers of the burdensome and unjust tax the last General Assembly imposed upon them. C. Z.

WHITAKER. Oak Ridge. N. C. Today's N.

C. Poem WILD GARDEN. So prim and proper in its guarded close. With all its hedges trimmed exactly right; With perfect plants all set perfect rows. And not a weed nor rebel thing in sightIt well may be the gardener's delight To tend and keep it subject to his will, Demanding, as it does, an endless flight With wild and evil things that he must kill.

But never did a garden love its keeper. Nor give itself quite freely to his hand, Its heart is wild, its jungle sense is deeper Than its fine manners all so bravely planned. Turn any garden loose--it will depart And seek its level in the jungle's heart. -James Larkin Pearson. ventor, the physician, the statesman the philanthropist and the reformer are lovers of their kind.

They enlighten its ignorance, ease its burden, heal diseases and remedy its condition. Give what you are and nave w'thout stint and the grateful esteem of ybur fellow creatures will follow. A life thus spent is its own reward. St. Francis obtained his joyous holiness because he identified all men with His Redeeming Lord.

John Wesley escaped the confines of arid clericalism and became heaven's prophet for the outcast millions because he did the same thing in another way. Walk by the rule of -conquest in der that others may share your good; then whatever may come you cannot miss your appointed way. Happy Birthday Infinite riches in a little room. -Marlowe. On July 3, 1850, housewifely and unimaginative Queen Victoria, as Empress of India, was presented one of the world's most valuable gems: the Kohinoor diamond.

Kohinoor means in Persian, of light." When the huge, diamond was firs. taken from the Golconda mines i it weighed 900 carets, enough to turnish settings for 1,500 or more ordinary rings. It was long the property of Indian rulers. For many years, before the English co quest of India. the Kohinoor diamond reposed among the fabulous treasures of the Maharajah of Punjab.

Its many facets reflected on every side the dull glow of gold. the pale light of amethysts, the cool sparkle of emeralds. As, through the centuries, the mammoth diamond passed from the hands of one powerful ruler to another, each vainly tried to improve its already matchless beauty by re-cutting it. Today safely locked up with the English crown jewels, it weighs only 102 carats but is valued yet at $60,000. The Kohinoor diamond that visitors to the Tower of London see is only a paste imitation.

July 3 is the birthday of the tollowing pupils of Raleigh schools: Martin Kohn. 14. Hugh Morson. Glenn White, 7. Boylan Heights.

Martha Walton, 16, Needham Broughton. George Speight, 14. Lewis. Thomas Moore, 13, Murphey. Charles Penick.

9. Wiley. Thomas James, 10. Lewis. R.

E. Wilson. 7, HayesRegina Benndorf, 14, Hugh Morson. As a piece of interesting and. I dare say noyel reading on this the day before we celebrate.

I recommend a few paragraphs from a paper writing known as the Declaration of Independence. I was an important document ir ts day Some of the men who signed its solemn resolutions confidently expected hanging as the pain of their signing. And yet, they weren't hanged. They lived on in fair comfort and much glory until, I suppose, the radical 'ent. they subscribed to became part and parcel of patriotic rhetoric.

nd these sentiments might have continued to be rhetoric or the expression of a vague, vain dream except that a man whose ancestors were on the Mayflower and who thought deeply of human beings as human beings and not as digits in a census report, came to the White House with the novel conviction that the Declaration of Independence meant what it said. Read it again today: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happines. That to secure these rights governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the sent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes desti ictive of these ends, it is the Right of the people to alter or to abolish it. and to institute nev government, laying its foundations on such principles and organizing its powers in such form as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness.".