The Paris News from Paris, Texas • Page 1

PARIS TRMT-KRATUflKS: high 85, low Rainfall Utilr In tc.np.nuur. iUKl Wfdnrsd.v nlghl. High tempcrntlirrs ll ft a y. to 90. silL'htlv Warmer north and wont jiortlons Thursday.

VAST TEXASV Monty cloudy Wednesday afternoon and uvdnMdnv nleht with scattered thundfrsliowsrs south anil ccn- Thiir.day partly cloudy with scntt.rc.-d tluimler- and portions. Gentle southerly wind, and Wednesday night becoming easterly Thursday on coast. 1945 AUGUST 1945 4 8j 91 15 1 19 1 22 1 25 28i VOL 77 NO 18 Full Leased Wire Associated Press PARIS, TEXAS, WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON, AUGUST 8, 1945 EIGHT PAGES ESTABLISHED 1869 RUSSIA DECLARES WAR Witness Says U. $., England Told Vichy AcceptJapDemands Says Allies Unable Send France Supplies In French Indo-China PARIS. defense witness for Marshal Petain testified Wednesday that both the United Stales and Great Britain informed France they would be unable to send her aid in the Orient nnd suggested that the Vichy regime accept Japanese demands on Frcnc-h Indo-China.

Gt-n. Maurice Martin was the He testified that the French command in Indo-China had been determined to fight on in 1940, when the Japanese demand- fd closing of the supply route to China. Thi- witness said Corrlell Hull, thc-r. U. S.

secretary of state, advised Vichy unofficially to accede to Japanese demands and close the route to Chungking, Hull was represented as saying the United States could send no arms. General Martin said Britain sent a similar message, suggestint; that France avoid complications in the Orient. Gen. Jean Bergeret, former Vichy air minister, testified Wednesday that French secret agents the RAF with details of German Air Force activities and were paid from a budget set up by Petain. now on trial fur lifi-.

gave rne the necessary funds secret," said the defense witness on this 10th day of the Marshal's trial on charges of intelligence with the enemy and plotting against the security of France. Asked Syria Bases Bem-rvt said the Germans in 1MI demanded air bases in Syria in the Middle East and asked French fighters to defend Paris, but "Pelatn refused both demands and. because of him, they never were carried out." Parisian Has Hand in PARIS NURSE TURNS CARPENTER ON living brings out the carpenter spirit in these front line Army nurses on Okinawa. Working on a bench mnde from salvaged packing boxes are: (left to right, standing) Elvic J. P.

Basel, Paris. Texas; Lt. Helen Malopolski, Oconto Falls, Lt. Sophie L. Kurowski, Chicago, (front, squatting) Lt.

Pauline Walker, Charleston, 111. Picture made by Max Desfor, Associated Press staff photographer. (AP photo). Truman Will Report On Potsdam Meet Broadcast Scheduled 9 P. M.

Thursday; May Mention Bomb WASHINGTON President Truman will report to the nation on the Potsdam conference over all radio networks at 9 p. central war time Thursday In a 30-rninute fpecch. Presidential Secretary Charles G. Ross said Wednesday the which probably also will be shortwaved abroad, will go into greater detail than the communi- que issued by the Big Three at the close of the meeting July 2G. Mr.

Truman worked on the speech Wednesday as well as on a of other paper work which accumulated during his month long absence. A brie? conference with Secretary of War Stimson was devoted further discussion of the atomic bomb. Associates of the President Indicated that his report on the Pots- conference probably will mention the new and revolutionary bomb used for the first time against Japan. Truman scheduled a meeting u-ith his cabinet Friday and decided to withhold any news conferences until he has civcn his public report on the Big Three As tcnintivcly drafted aboard the CV.ii.M-r Augusta, in which Mr. Truman made 125-hour return voyage from Plymouth.

England, address will require 30 minutes deliver. It is expected In cover every of the historic agreements the President signed at Berlin with Generalissimo Stalin and Prime Minister Attlee. Mr. Truman stepped ashore at Xewpor: Xews, Tuesday. Parents, Wife Proud of Radar Operator on B-29 That Dropped New Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima Texas (ff 1 Sgt.

Joe the Traders Compress Company service A. Stiborik's parents were proud Elk City, Okla. and happy Wednesday over their I ser son's service ap radar operator on jnj ghcppard Field, Texas, and the plane which dropped the first i attended radar schools in various atomic bomb on Japan. pans of the country, "The main thing is that he is safe," said his father, Anton Sti- borik. "We are very proud.

It Is a very good in our hands and very bad for the Japs," he said of the atomic bomb. Sergeant's Stiborik's wife, Helen, lives at Oregon City, Ore, One of his sisters, Sgt. Mary S'-iborik, is on General Eisenhower's staff, at Frankfurt. The other, Sergeant Cecilia, also in the WACs, is in England. His father publishes a Czech-language newspaper, The Miisincc, at Granger, Texas, near Taylor.

The Sergeant was born 29 years ago at Hiillettsvillc, Texas. He attended Texas A. M. and worked as bookkeeper for the National Compress Company at Taylor and OREGON CITY, Ore. wife of Sgt, Joe A.

Stiborik, who handled radar on the plane which dropped the first atomic bomb, said Wednesday "it is a little frightening" when told that her husband was on the historic raid, She said ever since the news was broadcast about the raid she has had a "peculiar feeling that Joe was a part of it." She, came to Oregon City only three weeks ago, after her husband left for the Pacific theatre on completion of radar training. Now in a bank here, she expects to remain until "he gets An outstanding scientist from Paris, Dr. J. W. (Billy) Morris, had a part in the research toward the development of the atomic bomb which blasted -Hiroshima Sunday morning and possibly wip- ed it from the map.

He is the son i of Mr. and Mrs. F. B. Morris, 1417 I Bonham St.

Dr. Morris 1 part in the experiments were at the plants in Richland, and at Oak Ridge, Ter.n. A 1935 graduate of Paris High School and 1937 graduate ot Paris Junior College, he is a graduate also of the University oi Texas, where he received his Ph. D. degree in chemical engineering in the spring 1944.

"Billy was one of the outstanding students in the class ot '35," said A. Chamness, PI-IS superintendent, and Thomas Jusliss, principal. His grade overage for four years was 97.75 and he was salutatorian. "He was one of the best in the drafting department," said Mr, Chamness, noting that drafting experience probably play- cy an important part in the work. At Paris Junior College, he was valedictorinn of his graduating class, making a straight A average for the two years.

His work included such subjects as chemistry, mechanical drawing, trigonmetry, algebra, descriptive geometry, calculus and other mathmatics. In "The Bat" elections, ho was voted the most intellectual boy in PJC. He WHS science uusisumt, vice-president of the Science Club, and a member of Phi Thcta Kappa, honorary At the suggestion, of 'Forrest Blanlcenship, then chemistry professor at the college, a chemistry test for a scholarship at the college was given to some 20 or 30 students who entered. Winning the contest, Morris entered the college as a freshman, on a scholarship. Recalling the scy.crul limes- his former student has been to see him, in the past few years McLeinore said that now Billy's back." She she considers her home to be Austin, Texas, where she met her husband.

Con You Find The Key To This Story? The keeper of the keys, they call him. Ho had been losing his keys to his business. So Tuesday night he left the keys where he could find his store. He pulled the door shut. II locked.

And with the keys inside. Take it from there, reader, What would you have done? Dr. J. (Billy) Morris secrecy about his work is clear to him, "I asked, as I do other returning students, 'Billy, what sort ot work are you doing and he answered 'government work'." When I asked him more specifically about his work I noticed tha'. he didn't seem to want to talk about it and said there was noth-' more he could tell me," Looking back over the years that BiK.v Morris spent in Paris Junior Dr.

McUimore said that the aim of Forrest Blankenship in originating a chemistry scholarship at the college was the hopu that some day Paris Junior College would produce a great scientist, and "it looks as if we've done that," he added. Born in June, 1018, Dr. Morris received his bachelor of arts degree in chemical engineering in 19-10, his master of science in 1941, and his doctor of philosophy in 1944. Dr. W.

A. Cunningham, head of the chemical engineering department, said he was "probably one of the 10 top men of the 600 graduated from the department." traction I University. AUSTIN, Texas Some of 'the IB University of 'enlists who helped develop the i atomic bomb were hounded by their draft boards and reviled in Atom Bomb Razes Sixty Per Cent Of Hiroshima All Dead, Injured Burned Beyond Any By LEONARD MTLLIMAN Associated Press War Editor Terrific heat and buildings obliterated crumbling all life in downtown Hiroshima when a solitary atom bomb wiped out more than four square miles of the Japanese city Monday. This story of destruction came Wednesday from Guam and Tokyo as Superforts made an eight-ply strike reaching from the gates of the Emperor's Palace to Korea, and Admiral Halsey's devastating closed in again on Third Fleet Nippon. Well over 400 B-29s set the steel city of Yawata ablaze before dawn, blasted the Tokyo arsenal and the once important Naka- jima Musahino-Tama aircraft plant nearby in broad daylight, and mined four Japanese and Korean harbors.

GUAM, ar Japanese city than 100 of the Fukuyama on shortly before fourth attack of land targets. -American B-29's forewarned Wednesday, more Supcrforts raiding Honshu Island midnight in the the day on home- Seared and crushed bodies, "too numerous to be counted," Tokyo wnici, litter utomic-devnstatod Hi- roshimn, onetime military and industrial city of Scared Beyond Recognition They were seared beyond recognition by the blinding heat of. the atomic blast, or crushed by falling buildings. "Most of the town has been completely added. destroyed," Tokyo Superforl headquarters put destruction at 60 per cent of the city's 6.9 square mile bui.it up area, including major military and industrial installations.

Undetermined damage was inflicted beyond this graciuaieo "The impact of the bomb was He had top scholastic rating and so terrific," radio Tokyo said, mat was a member of several hon- practically all living things, hu- orary chemical engineering so- man and animal, were literally cietics, tutor and research assist- seared to death by the tremend- ant -working on hydrocarbon ex- us heat and pressure engendered processes (from petro- by the blast. All of the dead and Ua LI u.l JJi ULUsavia V.AIUIU jjwi-' me um-sf- leum), being developed at the injured were burned beyond recog- University. nition. Russia, Japan Natural Foes With 40-Year Record of Hate WASHINGTON Truman announced Wednesday that Russia has declared war on Japan. Mr.

Truman made the momentous announcement to a hurriedly summoned news conference. He said he had only a simple statement to make but it was so important he could not delay it. The President greeted reporters with a broad grin. Then he became solemn as he said: Russia has just declared war on Japan. That is all.

LONDON Moscow radio announced Wednesday that Russia was at war with Japan effective Aug. 9. (The announcement was broadcast at 10 p. m. Moscow- time (2 p.

m. Central War Time), two hours before midnight It quoted statement from Soviet Foreign Commissar Vyacheslav Molotov. (In London the Moscow radio was heard to announce that the declaration is effective as of Aug. 9.) The disclosure that the Soviet Union at last had pitied its enormous might alongside Britain and the United States against the Pacific enemy had not been unexpected. When it would come, however, had been a matter of conjecture for months.

Japs Can't Last Long Official Washington at once took this development, along with the unleasing of atomic bombing against the Pacific enemy, as a sure sign that Japan can not long continue to resist. The President sat behind his desk for a minute until the 30 or so correspondents all were gathered around him. Then, he arose, flanked on the right by Admiral of the Fleet William Leahy, his personal chief of staff, and on the left by Secretary of State James F. Byrnes. The President was wearing a light gray tropical suit and a blue and white four-in-hand necktie.

He explained that he had no intention of holding a news conference but this matter was so important he felt that it couldn't wail. Mr. Truman then made the simple one sentence announcement of, Russia's declaration of war. He added that was all he had to say. The short announcement brought a gasp from reporters who had rushed to the White House in a stream of taxicabs and an exclamation of "My God" from some.

A number of naval aides and State Department attaches were present when the announcement was made. The President's usual smile was absent as he made the grave disclosure. Whether the arrangements for Russian entry into the war on Japan were fashioned at Potsdam was not disclosed. The Chief Executive may throw light on that Thursday in a report to be broadcast to the nation at 9 p. m.

Eastern war time. A communique signed by himself, Generalissimo Stalin and Prime Minister Attlee, released when Potsdam meeting ended, made no specific mention of Japan. But it carried the significant statement that chiefs of staff had studied military matters "of mutual interest." Lluii. A -v i aj "The destructive power of these bombs is indescribable, There had been multiple hints that the Soviets would align themselves with the Western Allies in crushing the Texas sci- People who were outdoors at the time of the explosion were burned Perhaps the most pointed was Russia's denunciation See PARISIAN, Page Col 1 alive by high temperature while those who were ATOM. Will Jussions Get With Presi- we were working on such an in- tion it nations continue to 01 -work in the secret WASHINGTON With President Truman's announcement regarding the new atomic bomb, some of the background behind LI lc nwii, MVII------S- the nation's most carefully kept structed to find out what they could about this experiment, Those who have studied the new bomb say that its discovery is just as revolutionary as the Chinese invention of gunpowder.

secret can now be told. If the Nazis had known the details of this secret and developed it before V-E Day, the results of this war might have been just the opposite. As it was, there is rea- venlion, because the eight Nazis saboteurs, under cross-examination, admitted that they were in- tion nations continue LU i.i -to war. One new atomic bomb, if 'mosphcre surrounding n. It is also dropped on New York City by a reported that, if dropped transatlantic rocket, would hnrfv of wat out the city completely.

Actually, the inventors of the bomb are not entirely certain what its future strength may be. While the details arc still highly secret, it is reported that the ef- It will not onl ilulionizc war- I feet on atmospheric pressure is a bay of water, the UOM.U a tidal wave capable of inundating whole cities. wipe i or confined body bomb could start men had to sign an oath that they would -work in the secret desert bases without visiting their families. The danger of the bomb to future civilization is almost beyond the secret becomes Part of the experimentation for belief, once the bomb was oerformcri at the known. For instance, it is esli- University of Chicago; pan also! mated that a bomb hidden in a bv British scientists at Oxford, safe deposit vault in a New Yorjc While tiie bomb was in the process bank could explode 24 hours later U.

S. Cotton Crop for 1945 Forecast to Be 10,134,000 Bales WASHINGTON IfPi The Agriculture Department Wednesday forecast Unitrd States cotton crc.p for W5 of 10,134,000 bales of pounds gross weight based upon information as of August 1. This would be 17 per cent or C.OfS.OOO bales less than 1944 pro- and 2.159,000 bales less average production for the period. The indicated lint yield per acre of 269.7 pounds is 39 pounds above average and has been exceeded in only three 1942 and 1937. Truman Directs Bomb Campaign Terms New Weapon Most Powerful for War, Peace Yet Made WASHINGTON, Truman, taking personal direction of the drive he believes will knock Japan out of the war, summoned Secretary of War Stimson Wednesday for a first-hand report on the atomic bombing of the enemy homeland.

When the next bomb will be released was a military secret known only to the White House, and high command. But the Japanese continued to ignore the Potsdam ultimatum to surrender and it was reported that the time was running short on another one of their cities fated to suffer the doom of Hiroshima. The Commnnder-in-Chief voiced his victory hopes to newsmen accompanying him home from the Big Three meeting in Berlin. He termed the devastating which wiped out 60 per cent of its first target, a Japanese city the size of most powerful weapon for war and peace ever devised." Quoting scientists' assertions that the discovery may be the greatest "of any age for the benefit of the people," Mr. Truman added that the atomic field "means a wonderful peacetime release of energy if its powers ''an be harnessed for commercial uso," Four Public School Teaching Positions Still Vacant Here Paris public schools, which reopen Sept.

11, have all but four teaching positions filled, A. H. Chamness, superintendent of schools, announces. Still to be filled in the elementary schools, are two art positions and one music. An English and Speech va- cansy exists in the high school faculty.

Many applications from soldiers' on file, Mr. Chamness says, but if possible, more permanently located teachers will be hired. Mr. Chamness feels that Paris schools have been particularly for- aunate in the critical teaching situation created by the war. Of the 100 teachers in the system, only four have left in the past seven years to accept positions in other schools.

Greatest losses have been to positions at Camp Maxey, ar.d to marriage, but even these have not created a serious shortage. OAK RIDGE WORKERS LEARtf WHAT THEiT. persons at Oak Ridge, Idhc 'WERE MAKING-A group of Onk Ridge, startling news that they had been building rm aloin IJtVCi uup vit it workers on the atomic bomb project that resulted in the building oi' a city of 73,0001 ic bomb, which some say may materially shorten thc war with Wircphoto.) Paris School Board Will Meer Aug. 14 Paris School Board will meet bers. August 14 at 8:30 p.

m. in the superintendent's School. is understood preliminary arrangements were made for Russian entrance into the war against Japan and that in return the United States was to give Russia knowledge of all our secret weapons. Highway Meeting Talked by Board Talihina Session to Discuss Work on U. S.

271 Route A Highway 271 meeting in Talihina, next Tuesday and discussion of membership prospects occupied directors of the Chamber of Commerce in Monthly luncheon their regular r.csday at the Gibraltar Hotel. Sam Weiss, transportation committee chairman led discussion of the Talihina meeting. He said thus far all building on this road had been through the efforts of Paris and Fort Smith, Ark. For this reason, he said it is urgent that a good delegation from Paris attend the Talihina meeting. Gov.

Robert S. Ken- is expected to attend, together with members of the Oklahoma Highway Commission. E. M. Norton, membership chairman, said the organization laced two choices: increased membership with resultant added income, or reduction in cost of operation.

At conculsion of his discussion, board members look prospect cards for solicitation of new mem- Miss Ouida Edmiaston was in- 30 p. m. su- oduced as new bookkeeper for office, Pans High thc Organ i 2at i or Manager Ben Marable said Mrs. Carl McCalla They will be moved in small groups under close guard. Maraoie said -virs.

i-an Among those who have been At this meeting the budget for would return later, and that Mrs. held in Luxembourg and Murrell P. Adnms. on leave from nbly those who will figure in tha Fird Federil Savings and Loan trials, are Hermann Goenng, dR participate the discussion. I uie oince.

months ago of its non-aggression pact with Japan. Even while Russia and 49 other nations were striving to 'indoors were per ec a plan for ultimate, lasting peace at San Francisco, Col. there were signs that Russia mightike in with such terrific force that it wouK destroy most of the city. One complication is whether the bomb secret should be given to our other Allies. At Teheran it Guarded the fact Soviet delegation wouid not return to Moscow by way of Siberia, as they came.

Members of the Russian party with families within bombing range Japan showed evidence of worry. Russia's entry into the Pacific war is generally expected to turn loose a new wave of psychological and propagandist activity directed at perusuading the enemy that resistance now is completely futile. Already the Allies have been capitalizing to the fullest on the threat of the new atomic bomb. In Washigton and London within thc last few hours there hava been expectations of a new ultimatum to the enemy to quit now or face national annihilation. What factors finally tipped the balance and persuaded the Soviets to go to war asiiir.

so soon after helping to crush Germany were not entirely clear here. These too, may figure in President Truman's address Thursday night. Key Plan for Trials Of Germany's Major War Criminals Signed LONDON, 5 key plan for the trials of Germany's major war criminals was signed Wednesday by the representatives of the United States, Britain, Russia and France. The document was signed as it was disclosed that top-ranking Nazis, held as prisoners of war at Mondorf, Luxembourg, and elsewhere, would be moved soon to the Nuernberg jail, where they will lose their status as prisoners of war and be held as civil crim-.