The Kansas City Times from Kansas City, Missouri • 18

THE KANSAS CITY TIMES, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 8. 1935. IP. Iwo IMMORTALITY. Mt Mining KANSAS.

CITY STAR) PERU'S HISTORIC CAPITAL CITY OF LIMA LOOKS BACK OVER 400 YEARS amend the Constitution and to veto measures which in their Judgment are now misguided or no longer useful. Instead of holding merely advisory referenda, it is suggested that the decision be binding, not only as a statute, but as a constitutional amendment, and one which could not be held unconstitutional even by the supreme court. "This could be done, the lawyers tell me. by amending article of the Constitution. They would add to the present methods of initiating and ratifying amendments, thus: An amendment can be initiated by the council and ratified by referendum, upon, say, a two-thirds vote of the people.

Elaborate Celebration Marks the Anniversary of the Picturesque South American "City of Kings," Founded by Francisco Pizarro After His Overthrow of the Inca EmpireA Long History of Bloodshed and Strife. lug 10 billion dollars of United States government loans, which on any sound basis of commercial banking should be carried only its a secondary reserve available for quickly turning into cash assets in emergencies. There always is a market for government loans, but there is no means of disposing of a real estate mortgage except by seeking an individual in- vestor, and that is not always possible. When the federal reserve system was established the men who formulated the law recognized the necessity of maintaining bank assets that could quickly be transformed into current funds available to meet the demands of depositors. The present proposal to permit banks to make long-time real estate loans is a complete reversal of that sound principle of commercial banking.

I I i 'i I I 1' 1 i 1 st i I 4 1 II bloodless, as the rebel forces deserted en 1714SSC1 leaving their leader to instant execution. AND RICHES. In 1548 Oases returned to Lima. and the viceregal period, which was to Jut for 280 years, was really inaugurated. Lima became the first city of Spanish America, the recipient of all the wealth which poured from the silver mines.

Her viceroy was the greatest man on the continent, the sole ruler of millions of subjects. Spain wu very far away in those days, when email sailing ships were the only links with Europe. and the king of Spain seldom interfered with his lieutenant. The archbishop alone could oppose him, and he lived in Lima surrounded with all the pomp which belonged to the sovereign of an independent and wealthy state. The University of Lima was soon founded, 1 :11.

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1 tA t- t1 4, 4. ,,,,,....0,, stl ptio JPIL IN KANSAS CITY FORTY YEARS AGO. From The Times. and The Star. February I.

1893. Still 12 below zero, coldest in ten years. The poor are suffering and the situation is so serious that The Star has a half-column editorial about it. "Give Freely," is the title. Oak street may be paved soon with gravel and macadaan from Twelfth to Nineteenth.

About 100 guests at the musicale given by and Mrs. J. D. Griffith. Entertainers assisting: Rudolf King, I.

W. Bigger, Francois Boucher, W. J. Murray, H. E.

Finney, W. T. Quarles, Dr. 17. N.

Jackson. C. J. Baker, the tent maker, 'made a 20-foot American flag for the courthouse and hung It up today. The Star has a half-column editorial on the proposed "School of Journalism" down at Columbia commending the venture.

However, it suggests a postgraduate course on the inside of a newspaper office, and the accumulation of a practical knowledge of things generally. Day board, $3 a week. Room and board, $3.50. No. 923 Wyandotte.

Glick, the old book man, in a nevi location, 710 Main. Carrie Hamilton, prima donna of "The Bostonians" and with them on their last visit here, sued her husband today for divorce. She was formerly a well known church choir singer in 'Frisco. The daughter of Henry Topping will be buried today from the at Twelfth and White. She died in Leskiville, a few days ago, where her husband was in the mining business.

That sterling actor, McKee Rankin, will be at the Gillis next week in two plays, one the well known "Danites" and the other "The Canuck." Coroner Bedford is holding an inquest today on W. W. Harris, whose sensational suicide at the Midland hotel caused much comment. He was a well known stockman, turfman, orator and editor. Also a partner of Luke Short at Dodge City in the exciting '803.

At the big concert tonight, W. M. Conner says the "Princess of Bagdad" will be sung. George W. Burke, 21, and Lotta Crabtree, 18, both of St.

Louis, took out a marriage license here today. Emery, Bird, Thayer Company book department has Mary E. Lease's "Problem of Civilization," 30 cents. Times and Star first pages today occupied mostly by 12 degrees below zero reports from all over the country and the keen distress it's causing. The Stars first column, page 1, has a graphic story of the widespread cold wave.

Between banquets and Bar Association feasts, a 2-column interview and a fine celebration of his seventieth birthday, Judge John W. Henry virtually is having the time of his life. His half-column poetic history of his life was read slowly before the assembled lawyers at a banquet and will be preserved in the archives of the local Bar Association. Like Othello, Judge Henry has had many hairbreadth 'scapes and thrilling adventures by flood and field. His memories include the four years of the Civil War in which he was a Confederate sympathizer.

Thomas H. Benton is decidedly his favorite statesman. TIIE BRAZILIAN TREATY. Editorial Opinion of the New York World-Te Imam. Coming almost two years after the Democrats entered office with a mandate to perform a surgical operation on our high tariffs.

the Brazilian trade treaty taken alone seems meager reward for our patience. Yet, it is doubly welcome. First, because it encourages hope that the administration has not yet succumbed to the isolationists, despite its defeat on the World Court issue and its provocative withdrawal from the Russian debt-trade negotiations. Second, because this treaty Is considered a pattern for many other treaties to follow. "Having once started on the road away from the medieval mercantilism which was strangling the commerce of a new world, progress should now be more rapid and the movement gain momentum," Secretary of State Hu 11 says.

Under the treaty we agree to cut in half our tariffs on manganese, Brazil nuts, castor beans, balsam, ipecac and mate, and also contract to keep on the free list coffee and eleven minor Brazilian products. Brazil agrees to reduce tariffs from 20 to 60 per cent on twenty-eight Items of American export, including motor cars and parts, radio apparatus, paints, varnishes, batteries, steel furniture and cement. Brazil also agrees not to place tariffs on thirteen items, including agricultural implements and fresh fruit, now on Brazil's free list. Our tariff concessions affect 2.4 per cent of the current volume of Brazil's exports to the United States. Brazil's tariff reductions affect 23.8 per cent of our sales to Brazil.

On its face, the treaty seems a good bargain. Yet American manganese interests are furious. According to the state department, American mines produce about 20 per cent of the manganese ore used by our big steel Industry, despite a protective tariff of more than 100 per cent, and employ in the best times not more than 200 men. Our manganese interests say they will have to close their mines if this unreasonable tariff is reduced. The only answer to their admission of inefficiency is: "What of it?" Cheaper manganese prices should enable our steel industry, which employs 400,000, to add more men to its pay rolls than are thrown out of work if all American manganese mines are closed.

The same can be said of a great number of other uneconomic American interests that now enjoy prohibitive tariff protection at the expense of our general population. Indian Education. Prom the B031011 Transcript. The department of Indian affairs announces that it has arranged for a course in the Navajo language to be given to the surviving members of the tribe in the Southwest. The next thing you know they'll be teaching them to make blankets.

Do not stand By my grave. and Weep. I am not there. I do not 'limp I am the thousand winds that blow, I ant the diamond glints in snow, I am the sunlight on ripened grain, I am the gentle, autumn As you awake with morning's hush, I am the swift, up-flinging rush of quiet birds in circling flight, I am tn day transcending night. Do not stand By my grave.

and cry am not there, I did not die. Clare Berner, in The Gypsy. MISSOURI NOTES. An astronomer says the eclipse lifted the shell of the earth, but let it down again gently, there la anything we need. Jay lden of the Monett Times lays, It is things that win lee us down gently.

After listening over the radio several times to the talks of Mrs. Roosevelt. the Neezho Miner and Mechanic wonders if her husband listens to those speeches. Nuts bring only about a cent a pound, end that, Jack Taylor of the Sedalia Capital um is what happens to prices when the market is flooded. I 1 m.

I 1 1 WHAT ABOUT "nom ItPBil To Sir: In your issue of February 5 under 'Mi. souri Notes" occurs the Inclosed: The Grundy County Missourian often bu wondered which was the stem to gudgeon: from Dan to Beersheba or from A to As a complete answer to the inquiry therfik I submit that the distance between the poinii mentioned is the same as it Is rProm whereas to Amen. From Cape Cod to Kalamazoo, and From Hell to Breakfast. I trust the above reply will ease the troubled soul of the Grundy County Missourian, A REAM LAWN SHRUBS IN WINTET. Still do the slender shrubs That grace it Show not the faIntest sign of surrendering The lawn's dividing line To the wind-tossed leaves And the snow Imps That repeatedly combine In effort to efface it.

RUTH Y. SHAW. Paris, Ifs, 4 RE'S WEAKENING. Last summer I got into all kinds of trouble by publicly declaring that apple pie should be abolished. In recent weeks, while I've been eating here and there, I've had apple ple thrust upon me time and time again, though the persecution for my frankness of several months ago had taken new hold.

I agree with my friends who lambast me that apple pie is an institution. But I do not agree that there is any Justice in it.Don Wright ta Saline County Record. As the Auzvasse Review recalls, hobble skirts were in vogue about the time the "jitney came into being. ADD 1.1TeS TRAGEDIES. Have you ever started to get off a bus, knocked your head a whack against the top of the door and sat unceremoniously back on the lap of a strange and innocent gentleman? If not you Should try it sometime.

It is quite thrilling. Although we didn't want to determine whether or not the man survived. we are doubtful, for the fleeting glimpse we gave all we apologized showed him with closed en and injured expression.Moe Trailer in Green. field Vedette. It seems to E.

J. Melton of the Boonville News that Huey Long is taking Baton Rouge on a Louisiana hey, hey ride. Speaking of the "wets" and "drys," the Lake of the Ozarks News points out that they have the Wet Glaize and the Dry Glaize creeks, but so far the Wet Glaize has not tried to get the -Dry Glaize repealed. DEPINMON. To inquirer: The public originally thought of sap in connection with the fluid from which maple syrup was made.

When sap is mentioned these days. the public thinks of the chap who cashes a $10 check for a stranger who buys dime's worth of merchandise and takes his change in real money. There are two reasons for thinking of him la a sap. One is that he would have so much confidence in a man from nowhere. The other is that he will risk 0190 in cash in order to do 10c worth of bust.

ness. We sometimes think that hypnotism plays a large part in such transactions.J ace Blanton in Paris Appeal. If, B. H. Mewls of the Richmond Missourion has observed, you want your friends to lace faith in your good Judgment.

Just suggest to them a show. a book or a preacher. AGRICULTURAL NOTE A man south of town gave up killing a hal he had been fattening for butchering and aotneone else will have the honor when the animal goes over the hill to market. The II was shot first with a rifle, but be lore the fanner could stick him had revived and being in a sour mood at having his skull creased a little, chased the farmer around the barn lot three or four times and over the fence to safety. The farmer said a hog that tough wouldn't be fit to eat anywaY.R Often in Versailles Leader.

OIL TO A COWLICK. It's grandly true of human nature that person is satisfied with his lot in life, Or even with his physical makeup. For instance: Wo know a fellow who in the days of his Youth had what is popularly known as a cowlick protruding down from his hairline. lie was not satisfied with this little mark of distinction nature had endowed him with and kept it shaved off. Now that the ghost of aPPrulich frig baldness has robbed him of his cowlick, he wishes it we Missourian.

DTA TOR THZ DAY. donl understand why some entenntsing bathtub manufacturer doesn't make one with the bottom of the foot end corrugated a fel low, after he has finished his bath, can stand up and not slip all over the tub. Of course. the upper end of the tub, where you sit and kind of lounge, will have to be smooth and glazed. like they are now.

but the lower half could be roughed up a little.The Stroller to Neosho Miner and Mechanic. 6 rD II If 'no cant tan. unto for etaInt and lull intnrmptinti old Ile In 1.311, WeZW ettu almo 21,11 MORNING Isairt OP THI STAR. rATABLiettro Ocroste. 1901.

IT WILLIAM R. NE.1,130N. THI KANSAS CITY STAR COMPANY. Owner and Publisher. AddrCill Alt Lettefl: Tnz MANIAS CITE STAR.

KANSAS CITE, MO. SOSSCRIPTIOK RATIESMOrOlOtt, Evening and Sunday (thirteen poapera a week) delivered by carrier in Kenna City. 15 cents a week. 65 cents a month. by mail.

postage prepaid in Missouri and Kansas. 15 cents a week. elsewhere in the United States and United States Pomessions. 30 cents a week; in foreign countries. 65 cents a week.

Entered as second clam matter at the post-office in KSOSSI City, under the act of March 8, 1879. Publication offices, Eighteenth street and Grand avenue. POSTAGE zoa SINGLE ConnFor 8 to 14 pages, 2 cents; 16 to 22 pages, 3 cents; 24 to 28 pages. 4 cents; 30 to 84 pages. 5 cents; 36 to 42 pages, 6 cents: 44 to 48 pages, 7 cental 50 to 58 pages, 8 cents: 60 to 86 pages.

9 cents. 68 to 72 pages. 10 cents; 74 to 80 pages. 11 cents MEKNES OF THE ASSOCIATED Plus. The Associated Press exclusively is entitled IA the use for 'republication of all news credited to It or not Otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein.

Al! rights of publication of special dispatches are also reserved. During January. 1935. the net paid Circulation of The Star was as follows: Evening (daily average) 311,484 Morning (daily average) 308.311 Sunday (average) 322,123 Weekly Star -(average) 468.591 FRMAY, FEBRUARY fle 1935. Sr1-7" CODE Questions on I 2 Per Cent Tax.

Following the real estate interests, the schools have added their support to the 2 per cent sales tax proposal in Missouri. There is no -question of the desirability of more money for the public schools and of relief lot property bymers, two of the three purposes for which the sales tax revenue would go. The other would be the financing of direct relief as administered by the state, a purpose which could be served by a materially lower tax, if not the of 1 per cent now levied. Since the 2 per cent tax inevitably woula be a tax on consumers, the more important question therefore becomes the capacity of the people to provide the 20 million dollars or more expected in revenue. To give the proper answer to that there must be consideration of the influence of the tax upon prices of 'commodities, the amounts that would be paid In revenue as compared with present payments and the prospects of making the sales tax in )arge part a means of relief to property own--era.

who now must pay more than their share of state, school and county support. Certainly the 2 per cent tax would influence prices. It might be said in reply that other states. including Iowa and Illinois, have such a tax and that numerous others are giving tention to probable adoption of it; that the tendency would be to place the various states on a common level in the matter, and that consumer demand in one would not be affected detrimentally as compared with that In another, That 'would be only in part an answer, as the ability to pay would remain a question. Again, the 2 per cent tax would represent only in part property tax relief, even If the benefits were passed on as contemplated.

There would need to be an absolute guarantee of the latter, and the belief has been expressed that the state could make it mandatory upon local school authorities to reduce their levies In proportion to the larger amounts received "In state aid. But when all allowances had been made. the total in taxes paid under the 2 per cent levy would be larger than the present total. The essential difference would lie in the wider distribution of the payments, a sound tion when all other pertinent facts are taken Into account. Thus it would have to be shown that no more money than absolutely was nee: essary would be collected for the schools and I for state relief.

These and still other questions must have most serious attention as the 2 per cent proposal is given further study by the legislature and the people who pay taxes in Missouri. The country cannot continue to pile processing taxes, NRA restrictions, and the proposed social security levies on the cost of goods without raising the cost of living, burdening the consumer, cutting sales and throw. ing men out of work. Hail to the Oximeter. Two members of the Missouri house assert they have perfected a new device, the "oximeter, designed "to remove the bologna and hot air from legislative debates." But the gentlemen won't tell how it works.

Never mind that; just so it does work. Also, if the two get a patent on their oximeter and allot sales territory, they ought to be sure to hold the price down, because the instrument should be available for all public gatherings, where there are principal speakers, introductory addresses. questions from the floor, and the like. The public has waited too long already for protection of this nature. Real Estate Loans for Banks.

After the experience of the last few years with "frozen assets" in the banks, it is difficult to understand why the new banking legislation proposed at Washington should contain a provision for permitting federal reserve member banks to make 20-year loans on real estate up to 75 per cent of its value. An essential feature of a safe commercial banking system is that loans shall be made only for short periods and for purposes that are self-liquidating. Commodities that are in store or moving to market, merchandise that is in process of disposition to buyers, stocks and bonds for which there is a ready market, an assured near future income of an individual of sound reputation. and a few other things constitute the basis for the type of loans for commercial banks because they embody the Means for prompt payment. But a 20-year real estate loan on a 15 per cent valuation, even if amortized, is not a safe use of a banks deposits which are subject to call at any time.

Real estate loans are long time investments and should be made only by financial institutions that have no demand obligations. The banks of the countrz ore now tame FOUR HUNDRED years ago Francisco Pizarro, swineherd, soldier of fortune, and conquistador, decided to build the capital of the newly conquered state of Peru on a barren site guarded by steep mountains. The old capital of the Incas, Cuzco, writes the Lima correspondent of the Ia)ndon Times, was rejected by the conqueror as Its position was not suitable for thi seat of a central government, and Lima, the "City of Kings," therefore the capital of Spanish Peru from the moment when its first adobe brick was laid. The Limenos have just begun to eele brate this anniversary. Francisco planned his city on a large scale, well knowing that the wealth of the new land would attract adventurers from Spain.

His THZ PLAZA Dg ARMAS AND CATHEDRAL. action was justified, as the tales of riches which hi a brother. Hernando, took back to Europe soon brought Spaniards flocking to Peru. Besides the loyal Hernando, however. the conquistador was burdened with two brothers whose greed outran their fraternal feelings.

In 1536 Juan and Gonzalo Pizarro, in company with one Diego Abner, led a revolt against their brother which was crushed after much bloodshed. The defeat rankled wit', the rebels, who lurked in Lima, and on June 26, 1541. a band of assassins attacked Francisco in the open arcade of his palace. He fell, making the sign of the cross in his own blood as be died. and the way lay open for Spanish dominion.

Indeed even before the murder of Pizarro Spain had decided to annex the country. In 1540 Vaca de Castro was sent out with orders to claim Peru in the name of his Catholic Majesty, who was RI.S0 the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V. On his arrival at Quito, de Castro learned that the conquistador was dead, and at once declared his authority to take over Peru for the king of Spain. The intransigent Gonzalo and the son of the rebel Almagro promptly opposed the Spanish emissary. Almagro was defeated and executed.

and Gonzalo was persuaded to retire peacefully to his estates. ma FIRST VICEROY. Meanwhile tales of the sufferings of the Indians in Peru had reached Spain, and after a council at Valladolid a viceroy was appointed with plenary powers to rule over South America from his seat in Lima, and a new code was drawn up in which the Indians were declared free subjects of the king. News of these laws traveled ahead of the viceroy. to the indignation of the Spaniards in Peru, who induced Gonzalo to emerge from his country retreat and, like Cincinnatus, to lead a force against the invader.

His task was made easier by the unpopularity of the viceroy, Blasco Nunez Vela, whose men deserted to the rebels in large numbers. Moreover. by imprisoning de Castro and murdering an officer in the palace, the viceroy drew upon himself the displeasure of the Audiencia Real in Panama, which declared that he had acted ultra vires. and had him sent under guard to Spain. He escaped and gathered a small force in the north, but Gonzalo, who was now installed in Lima.

chased him to Quito, where he was defeated and killed. After this inauspicious beginning of the vire- regal regime the mother country sent Pedro de Is Garza. an astute priest, to straighten out the affairs of Peru. By trubtlety and soft words Gasca had succeeded in drawing most of Gonzalo's supporters to his banner by the time he reached Lima. After consolidating his position there the militant priest marched against Gonzalo, and two armies came face to face at Cuzco.

Gasca's victory there WAITING. '1111111 0 4ill l'11, sl 4 'F't 1 tk 4, I' i 1 9 it iti 1 I'; 74 0 1 ef 1,,,1:: 4,4 at 4,44 44 4w, It 1 rri.1 III 1 -4, 1 1 ti Li Is Section 7A to Stand? While the future of the NRA as a whole is uncertain, the President has let it be known that he desires retention of the collective bargaining clause of the recovery act as it now stands. That, of course, would satisfy neither Industry nor labor. But it would be better to leave the clause untouched than to revise It in the direct interest of one or tbe other of the two groups. Without regard to the demands of either group, however, the clause well could be clan.

fled to establish, without the possibility of dispute, the equal responsibility of both in the matter of coercion, of intimidation or resort to any form of pressure upon the individual worker. In its interpretation of the clause the administration, notably in its statement on settlement of the dispute in the motor car industry, has assumed that this equal responsibility was implied if not directly stated. Yet it would be much better to have it explicitly stated, so that neither side could complain about such an interpretation, either from the President or any other official source. Collective bargaining is sound in recovery act clause was offered and, at first, was accepted by labor as the worker's charter or bill of rights. But the clause has been evaded or violated in spirit, both by organized labor and organized industry.

It was not intended 1.0 serve the cause of either, but that of the worker himself. Its wording readily could be changed to make that point indisputably clear. Live andor Learn. Senator Glass's revolt against the use of the expression "andor" in the public works bill evidently took some readers by surprise. They had not happened to see the legal documents in which "andor" has become a sort of shorthand to avoid repetition.

Thus a railroad bond might be "payable In dollars andor pounds sterling." The owner then might be paid part in dollars, part in pounds, or all in dollars or all in pounds. This usage may be defended in formal documents. But we have a certain sympathy with the fiery Virginia senator in attacking its Intrusion into federal statutes. For we have observed with alarm of late that "andor" is spreading into books on economics, which are hard enough reading without further complications, and may spread further. Unless something is done we fear the phrase will spill over into fiction.

Then we shall read: "Blake decided to kiss her andor bolt into the night." "Suspicion for the murder rested on the butler andor the housekeeper." Well, we live andor learn. SELFPR41SE. Let another man praise thee, and not thine Own mouth: a stranger, and not thine own lips. Proverbs mitt. 2.

LABORATORY RESEARCH OF SLEEP. Means of Obtaining Proper Relaxation the Object of Careful Study. The only sleep laboratory in the world. at Colgate university, is conducted by Dr. Donald A.

Laird. The practical problem of how to get good sleep faces every healthy person. This problem has been studied for more than ten years by Dr. Laird. and some of the fruits of this study are revealed by him In the February Review of Reviews.

In the laboratory twelve persons a night can be studied, and their every slight movement recorded. The average sleeper moves ten to twelve times an hour, the soundest sleeper onty four, and the most restless twenty times. There are several theories, yet to be proved, regarding why we sleep. But Dr. Laird is more Interested in practical results.

For instance. because our blood circulates more slowly while we sleep we get cold. To be evenly warm in winter, because a mattress is cotton. we should put a blanket under us as well as over us to get the best results. Certainly relaxation is essential to sound and refreshing sleep.

A proper mattress and springs is essential. And the question of a pillow. The normal sleeper turns from side to back to other side. When on the side, a pillow is needed for comfort but when on the back a pillow strains neck muscles and spine. Dr.

Laird has solved this problem for himself. Two pillows eight Inches apart. do the trick no matter which way he turns. WATCHFUL From the Wiehtnston Star. Il c-; o0' c113.

ikV 1 ii 'Ii etrilill 11114 4( II .,1 id' Iklitidattl, I 111 'ri i 1 c4 1. r14'. I 1 Ill 1 0 1 i ft I 14 11 a I 11. 1 1: I r'fli 4 it 'Ik or, I si 4, it-4s on 4 I 11(11(1( 1 I sc'Z' ,111: I itAk ittit t. JL I )- i ,1 oP 1 I I 't 1 I 4 ,1: -k I -4', i 4 1 1 I i I 1 i 'I i i 1- i I II i 1 1 1 ii I 1 I 't III I tl 1 '1 I''''T1' i I 4 I ONI OP LIMAS MOST gr.tarnruL yaws.

a great cathedral sprang up in the Plaza, and with it, in the course of time, a multitude of churches in all parts of the city. The rich Spaniards built their mansions, married and were given in marriage. absorbing in the process much Indian blood. Gradually a race of creoles was created, which found its way into the church. the civil service, and the law.

The old Castilian families who had kept their Spanish blood pure became fewer and fewer, and the seeds of the dissension which was to lead to Peruvian independence were sown. Many of the great mansions and churches were destroyed in the earthquake of 1746, and the proud colonial city lost much of its glory. Spain was no longer a great power in Europe, and as the years went on her American possessions fell away. one by one. until Lima was the last outpost of Spanish power in America.

To the inhabitants of Peru Spain was nothing but a drain on their resources and a handicap to their trade. The creoles rose in revolt, Peruvian independence was proclaimed in 1821, and by 1828 the last Spanish troops had left the country. Independence was followed by a long series of wars, revolutions, and political changes. Today, under General Benavides, Peruvians hope and believe that their country has entered a period of peace and prosperity. Lima is now a city of 200,000 inhabitants, in which the past blends with the present.

Churches built in the sixteenth century look down on modern boulevards, the ancient Inquisition building houses the senate, and trams run where the stake once stood. It is fitting that the fourth centenary of this city. which has seen so much violence and unrest, should be celebrated at a time when peace would seem to have come to OURS NOT A SMOKER'S COUNTRY. British Visitor Notes Restrictions and the Prodigal Gifts of Matches. J.

B. Priestley in Harpers Masszine. America is not a smoker's country, though Americans themselves are fairly heavy smokers and have an odd passion for lighting cigarettes throughout meals. It is surprising how many places are barred to the smoker in these States. It is a mystery to me how Americans can sit through film shows without smoking.

In England we do not watch films; we puff smoke at them. All this comes. I suppose, of a deep-seated and very necessary fear of fire; the attitude of a man who lives in a dry wooden house. surrounded by tins of gasoline. In one respect.

however. America is a smoker's paradise, for it is a country in which matches are showered upon him. I am not sure that this match business is not as good a criterion as any of a country's wealth and general attitude toward money. Thus in the Latin countries, where parsimony reigns and every Jiny coin is important, there are no free matches. and when you buy a box of them you are making a very definite purchase.

In England matches are cheap and plentiful and sometimes they are given away. In the United States the broad skies rain matches. After buying a few odds and ends at a drug store, I tried to buy a box of matches, but the assistant at once offered me a card. board box containing several dozen of those book matches. "Take the lot," he said.

My respect for this country was immediately increased. Clearly it is the home of a great race. FOR A FLEXIBLE CONSTITUTION. Secretary Valium Suggests Amendment by Popu la Referendum. Secretary Wallace has a new scheme for making the United States Constitution flexible.

He wants to have it amendable at any time by popular referendum. His plan is outlined in a' recent article in Collier's Weekly. It goes fur. thee than any proposal heretofore made by any administration spokesman. As the basis of his scheme, Mr.

Wallace proposes a "national council" of four economic counselors "as revered and trusted as the supreme court, a rotating. permanent body, continuing across the administrations." This council would initiate proposals for fixing up the Constitution as Often as seems necessary. Says Secretary Wallace: "Ordinarily it takes seven years to amend the Constitution of the United States. That IL in effect. a veto by popular mandate, but, with events moving at their present rate.

seven years is a perilously long time. By means of constitutional interpretation the supreme court can veto a statute: but first the question has to reach the supreme court and the whole process moves slowly and arbitrarily in the light of the past. "The propotell now is that, by council reftrendum, wo dive the yoters direct power i 1 dickering At the lowest price in twenty years Chickering Ampico 0 Pu a IP IYIT Jill 1 "11 nt! 1 s. .,1: '1 III. I III 1.11 11 Illi tek III 1 1 nm 1 li I 1Cji I 11 III ti, 1 t17-104 ir--- (II.

co II ..101, titiao rft 012.1 c-''' 06' 747 vV.T ye liar 406-4441411 7) -z 7 4411114 ill area 7 ftecv.c IL 417tf 17P 0 4-3 Ns. --r-' I c-oso U.S. stilprititolit ,...,) ltseligMT .1111111 1111 a-; In the Baby Grand 1080. Thu latest offering to the public from the House of Chickering plays the new large 25-minute roU as well as the regular Ampico recordings. Finer and more beautiful than any Chickering Ampico heretofore, and about one-third the former price.

Other Ampico Grands $765 and up 1217 jEmatts $31 Tog 'talt, WALNUT AOS1C co. NINN. Tour ots earl -Nib i. do Nib. Oahe I 'n I 111.