Fayetteville Weekly Observer from Fayetteville, North Carolina • Page 2

If- 5G A i I COMMUTATION iimeho'iM frhea. the L- rriTrn 4TF3. o--t the LatjT box: cro' 3 Africa Jt rings Liverpool papers the' l7tH r't." ge-al not j. PlitLa were quiet and i43entrar--Americ i affairs had At a. Meetiag heli'in thowTlffkll Amer-aa Party, for? trf.

WirAoae'of M-!" them by any racmbctrof Ihrotber JIcuisc; bat that" in such cases the; usual mflde of toexamire intoj thcacsan then by a ftatemeai of that evidencojjwora the Lipase of which thopersou compiained of4 is a membejr." vMrr81idell called iittei. of the Senate to itatement which' ho1 found, published, in the Baltimore Son ofthbi morning, purporting to be roiaMr; Samne andgiringn account of the eirenmitances attending the recent asaaolt npon Xhia. tThaUtem6Dt declaredr "Ae IT entered thelobbyrrecbgoUSd MrVSKdellof.ijOuUiana, who retreated iraeexned to Mm proper to explain hia own poaition regard tolhiiinatter, aa the' lUtenjeaoiight haye the effect of pro-dacing a falae, impression on Jhe public mind. When the Senate adjourned on that day, Mr. S.

intered the nte-room where he was engaged in oooteraation with DflOglas, Fitzpatrick, JI Glancy Jjaea; and while there seated, Was informed by a person wh passed through the Tootu been badly beaten byMri into the 8nate cham-- there saoh a crowd around Mrv nof see him at all; and he -V-toori retuxBed to the'ante-room to finish his con-sTerntioC -Haying remained there for some time, he wi approaching the door of the recep- Vtidn-rooa, with a View of going home, when he met Mr-Sumno lahe Tdoor, leaning on two fcnow, with his face oorered with He had not spoken to Mr. Sumnerfotjlwojearajjand he did not consider himself "on such Unas pf intercourse with him as to make it cessry to eipreea any sympathy; hOf therefore, turned aside and went out by an-othedoor. He had thfl slightest idea, be-J fojre the occurrence lock place, that Mr. Brooks, "t)r anybody else, had any intention of attacking 'j' and ha was enrelyfree from any participation or counsel in the matter. Mr.

Douglas coitobprated Ihe statement of Mr. Slidell. When.be heard that Mr. Sumner had been attacked, hia first idea was to come in and endeavor to' restore quiet; but 'upon reflecting "that his inOtives'in interfering might be he did hot, enter the Senate chambei until the ffrjwa oyer.The erowd around Mr. Sumner was then so large.

that for some time he oonld not ace him; hf Baw several senators sitting in their" seats, but hevWas not near Mr. Brooks, "aa staled in the leport. Mr.8umner'8 state- -The sr. t). 1(U half eenX tury is ccnmcrci I progress; la tcichiacrr.

acJ in reaalts.Tho'weateatl8'thibfi lion of that pro-rs-s mignt naye oeen aaqcipatea inioma uegre, rum tfaexteaif thi thalmmeose; amount of Its inland navigation; the rapiaity oi us colonisation, ana mo eawre wouum oi it institutions. inese mvueu tne euwrpo-MDgwptrtts of Edrope; gave reward to-labor and akUli security to property; and freedom to per sonal achievements. therefore, might 1 have been expected of both growth. and commercial progress. But, we doubt' whe'ther any, cer tainty nottnore than a very few of the people, who are Hying in tbe sun light of American prosperity, fuHyroalixe the great and wonderful progress whieh their country has made iu commercial grandeur.

In order to realize this fact, so dominant in our history, we shall set before the reader some steps in that progress, which will set it forth briefly and pointedly. Wo shall com mence with a brief view of the Interests, which in the progress of commerce are the first iu time. We have a return of the aotual tonnage of the United States, which we condense nto decennial periods thus giving the tonnage of each period: Period Average Tonnage. 1816 to 1825, inclusive 1,300,000 Tons. 1825 to 18.15, inclusive 1,534,000 1836 to 1845, inclusive 2,112,000 1845 to 18.55, inclusive 3,650,000 From 1815V25 to 1825-'36, increase, 13 per cent.

From 1825V35 to 8) From 1835-'45 to 74 In the year 1815 the Commercial. Tonnage wag 1,368,000 Tons. In the year 1835 do 5,212,000 Increase, do. do 800 per cent. The increase of population in that time was 200 per cent.

The growth of navigation is. therefore, much the greater. In the year 183o, tho aggregate tonnage of the United States was actually greater than that of Great Britain! Wc have mentioned that to persons who looked utterly incredulously, sup-, posing it to be merely one of those boasts, for whioh Americans are supposed to nave some gift. Such, however, is the simple fact, and in the fu ture the navigation of the United States must, from the more rapid growth of the nation, and its immense coasts and streams, sweep far ahead of Great Britain, and of all other powers unitedly the Anglo Saxon race command every ocean, sea and outlet on the globe. Should the time ever come when it is necessary for that race to unite in, a common defence of common inter ests, they can drive every ship of every other na tion from the face of the waters.

Were all Europe and Asia combined against England and the Uuited States united, they would be but one vast prison house, cut off from all commerce with each other, and shut up to the resources only of their own countries. As it is, the United States is. now commercially dominant in the aggregate, but probably uot so in re gard to the ocean exclusively certainly not as to military armaments. But, what is an armed marine on the ocean? Of what is it composed? Simply of the materials which the commercial marine furnishes. Give the United States a year of time, and wc can have a hundred ships of the line anoat.

in tne war oi inr' we ouut some ot tne vessels of Perry's fleet in six weeks, and we do it again. It is the commercial marine which makes the water defence of a country, and the nation which does not breed up its sailors In such a nursery and enure them to all climates and all hardffiips, can have no military marine. In order to see in what manner our seamen are trained, let us examine tbe place of thsir employment. Whale fisheries Cod fishery Mackerel Fishery Steam navigation Coasting trade Foreign trade 18G.R44 tons. 102,927 21,024 770,223 2.401,109 iue uuaswug iraae, imc me nsnerjes, is tne very best school for seamen.

It is on the coast itl im wnere the greatest dangers of all sorts he, and it a cuowieage oi our coast, especially, wmcn is needed. In order to present the rapid growth of navigation in another striking light, we make the Following oontrast between the vessels built in 1845 and those built in 1S55, viz: Built in 1845, 1038 vessels; 146,018 tons. Built in 1855, 2034 vessels; 583,450 tons. In the last ten years then, the number of vessels built increased 100 per and the tonnage 300 per cent. The average tonnage of each vessel, in 1845, was 146 tons; but the average tonnage in 1855 was 291 tons.

This, of itself, marks a great advance in ship-building. It shows what an advance in the magnitude of vessels has been brought about by the introduction of the great packet lines, the ocean steamers, and the river steam-packets. This advauoo in magnitude marks likewise a great improvement in the accommodations of vessels and the facilities for commerce. Let us now pass from navigation generally to internal locomotion. Here, in half a century, we have the introduction of these powerful elements to commerce the steamboat and the railroad.

Just in a line or two, at what was and what is, in this respect, at the extremes of a half century. 1805. 1865. Steamboats, Steam Tonnage, Railroads, -Passengers, Canals, none 1,750. none 780.000 tons.

none 22,000 miles. none none 60,000,000 2,400 miles. Such a glance as this, exhibits at once how the i oommerce of the United States has grown up by the development of its internal trade. Here is a vast creation, exceeding in magnitude that of any portion of tho earth, of canals, railroads and steamboats, brought into being by the energy of this young but thriving nation. When Peter the Great laid the foundations and built the city of St.

Petersburg on the marshes 6f the Neva, it was the wonder of the next century. It was regarded as tbe highest exhibition of genius and grandeur. But, St. Petertburgs arise in our country like mushrooms of the night. 8o truly is this' the case, that they call us a "mushroom what of that? We are mushrooms, of 'a hardy growth; from whose lofty branches wt look down upon the tallest oaks of the oldlWOrld.

this very business of railroads and steamboats, we are beyond Great Britain, France beyond all the nations of Continental Europe ora-bined. a-vj. As we behold toe, wavesjo? tbiajtughty; progress rising up, oyer land and Over ocean; aajre behold it jweeping globe carrying the might of power, the civnisation of the eoloni-. aatiob Hof frfcedomtbet spirit Christianity fre'ey tolerant; and Vef conqueriniBtT.we the ereaU est tHumpVwttca. patriot'onwgts coald ever have predicted forf if, couatrjv'i And What are" the oigus vi v-3 i.uiCHi vaa vtuis gress .1 tiieiiedfyAiidif freedom1, be arrested Can Afc gloiAr i a hi i ads his Bitleio the JorkV his fcLips to every island ani unfurls Jhis, flag.

the I -Id and the breeze! be arrested in his ca- I tbe press and the freedom of be stricken dpwnVthe liberty "of the people would ex-pirewith liettr.f.: fp Mr. TrombulLwaianxioul to be but 4he hoar had "rfc-pl Mrjffl nntnded that the Senator" from Wrd. and moved that we.con- siaerauon oi we mywimi I the question was decided in Ahe.i negative, 29 toll. 1 InSematk May. REPORT OS THB ASSAULT CASE- The Select Committee appointed to inquire into the circumstances attending the assault committed upou thVrson of the Hon.

Charles Sumner, member of the Senate, report: That from the testimony taken by them it appears that the Hon. Preston S. Brooks, a member of the House of Representatives from the State of South Carolina, did, on the 2'2d day of the present month, after the adjournment of the Senate and while Mr. Sumner was seated at his desk in the Senate chamber, assault him with considerable violence, striking him numerous blows on and about the head with a walking stick, which cut his head and disabled him for the time being from attending to his duties in the Senate. The cause of this assault was certain language used by Mr.

Sumner iu dedate on the Monday and Tuesday preceding, which Mr. Brooks considered libellous of the State of South Carolina and slanderous of his near kinsman, Mr. Butler, a Senator from that Sitate, who at the time was absent from the Seu-ate aud the city. The committee forbear to comment upon the various circumstances which preceded and attended this affair, whether of aggravation or ex- tenuation, for reasons which will be sumciently obvious in the latter part of tbe report. They have examined the precedents, which arc to be found only in the proceedings of the House of Representatives, tbe Senate never having been DO I ealled on to pronounce its judgment in a similar case.

In the House of Representatives, though i different opinions have at various times been ex-j Dressed bv. gentlemen of c-reat eminence and I ability, among whom may be mentioned the late President of the United States, Mr. Polk, the late Judge Barbour, of the Supreme Court, and Mr. Beardsiey, of New York, yet the judgment the House has always pronounced an assault upon a member for words spoken in debate to be violation of the privileges of the House. The committee do not consider it necessary to discuss the question at length, but proceed to state some of the precedents, not confining them, however, to-the case of assault upon members.

In March, 1796, Mr. Baldwin, a member of the House of Representatives, presented to the House certain correspondence between himself and General Gunn, a Senator from tho State of Georgia, including a challenge addressed to him by Geh. Gunn. These were referred to a com- matee of which Mr. Madison was chairman, who reported by their chairman that the same was a breach of the privilege of the House on the part of Gen.

Gunn, and of Mr. Frelinghuysen, a Senator from New Jersey, by whom the challenge had been borne. In May, 1828, a personal assault having been made by Mr. Russell Jams upon Mr. John Adams, the private secretary of the President, just after his delivering a message to the House of Representatives, and while on his way to the Senate with another message, the matter was, on complaint of the President, referred to a select committee.

A majority of the committee, by Mr. McDufhe, of South Carolina, their chairman, reported that "Upon a view ofall tbe circumstances the com- mittee are of oninion that the assault committAil by Mr. Jarvis upon the private secretary of the President, whatever mav have been the ciiise of provocation, was an act done in contempt of the authority and dienity of this House, involving not only a violation of its own peculiar privileges, but of th immnnitv which it i hnnn.l nnnn every principle to iruarantv to the person selected by the President as the organ of his official com- munications to Congress. It is of the utmost importance that the offioial intercourse between the President and the legislative department should not be liable to interruption. The pro- ceediogs of Congress could not be more effectu- any arrestea ny preventing tne memoers or eitner nouse irom going to tne nan or tneir aeliDera- wona man tney mignt ne py preventing tne x-resiaenL rrom making omaai communications essentially connected with the legislation of the country.

xne power iu question grows out oi tne grew- vrw -preservation. it is no doubt very fiahU to Ibase, and ought al- ways to oe exerciseq wun great mooeration in i very uuiur i sascepRBw wr oi pre- cise ueunnion or precise limitation, aacn par- '7 rf fcUC cmcrgcBwj wuicu cans lor niie, tnereiore, tne committee aeem it a matter ot great importance to maintain tne existence oi mis pow- er as an essential means of vindicating the dignity and privileges of the Honse, thev are clearly of opinion that it ought never to be exercised ex- cept in cases of strong necessity, and that the punishment inflicted under it ought never to be carried further than shall be absolutely and im peratively required by the existing emergency." In 1832 the Hottse of Representatives, after a long trial and thorough discussion of the question, votca tnat uen. Houston, by maxing a personal assault on Mr. Stanberrv, a member of the House, for words spoken in debate, was guilty of a contempt and violation of the privileges of the The committee acknowledge the force of these precedents, and adopt the reasoning quoted from McDuffie's report. But, while it is the opinion of the committee that this assault was a breach of the privileges of the Senate, thev also think that it is not within the jurisdiction of the Senate, and can only be punished by tbe House of Representatives, of which Mr.

Brooks is a member. This opinion is in strict conformity with (he recognised parliamentary law. Hatsell, in bis says as follows: "The leading principle which appears tQ -per vado all the proceedings', of the two Houses of Parliament is tnat -there ahall subsist a perfect equality, with respect to ach other, and that thev suaui w.iu every respect fcouiuy maepenuent one of the1' From" hence it is that neither House can elaim, much' less exercise, authoritv oW a member of the other; but -if thervis any ground of eomplaint against arr act of the House against any jadividaaliaembertlranst 4ny ougnt to do maaeto tuat Ueuae otj Parliament where ihe? offence isvchargedOi and the nxtnre and- mode of redress pudilh mens, j. pununment is neceasarvy must Oe deter mined upon nd ioflictejbyi nt.Indeed othf proceeding -wouldAaooBt 4ntrodjBc disorder nd ecrfusionasiit appears actually to Lave done inahose insUueegwhere. hoth Houies, claimiae a power abh otherr aveT ciscd that ppweif same stibjcc bjj with different tell, 67.ju- We aee Jrora the ieeiprocontlslwrf viteu jua neiuer tiouse nrWthft ccr to is fn a 1 i place.

Jnaa 2d, at Zi Pf M. Mr. E. Lawtet wm Chair tp It in turn, u'lTtnC fTn): cbject of tbMeetl; It wa pved That man ppuiuv isciegAies -f rrom -lhe -Crk'iirplets. tMpecsivoljrr PemberMnjBM.

JaoW. CameiW' Jno. Fort. Cross Creek District, J. Wiiu'l; Maik.

Draughon, J. McArthmr. C. D. Nii0" K'" Cbaa.ItUrloliW,fJL.Lov.

It was then moved, that the President Wadded On uottoiHif N. the waa authorised to furoiab the Observer witb ceodlngs of this Meeting, ned request tlmt k'" be published Wondftj-a -paper n'J ij Thro being no, further bwin ess before the on motion, the meeting adjourned. Uv D. W. C.

Bskbow, Sec'y. hni In ubmittrtiriBIrst QuarterlT Rern U6. A1 acknowledge my gratitude to Qo serving mesnppljjBg my, wants. friends, and giving me access to the efmaay the fKnce March the 1st visited amllievrayed and converged 'with on the subject SoferBOnal, religion, found 52 fWr habitually oeglectiag public wursLip 0f r.T' families desrttute of A Bible, 16 destitute of lisrious except1 the Bible, addreai ia.V' MKnn Ui) tn lu tiibuted gratuitously $44 72; and received i WW-WW ouiUUUI UI 32. d.

to the Society U. My labors for the Quarter have been ooufined chiefly to the same i ties in which I labored the past Quarter, and in ing the Sabbath Schools organized there; and mu, arrangements to visit the surrounding country i mast be permitted, to say If any lover of his God country or fellow-man will go with me, cTeu for hf days, and see the ruinous lack of scripture knowlj even herejn tbe midst of a gospel land, hema convinced of the importance, yea necessity of suck work, and be willing to contribute to its support, ft' community will do well to understand, that the wort in this State has been chiefly supported hy contribo. tions from ffther States. My fellow-citizens and brethren beloved in the Lord, shall this continue? You contributions mast answer the question. In addition to the above' Report, 1 gratefully knowledge a voluntary subsorihtion of $140, made by citiiens of Fayetteville interested in this work, for the purpose of procuring a horse and vehicle for kj nw in visiting the surroundiug country.

And it may be here stated, that the Kev. Mr. Crowder, Gennl Agent for the State, received, during his recent here, about $176, for this cause, as will he seen by hi. Report, when published. I merely mention thev things here, as evidences of the public feeling towiHs this work.

JAMES CAIN, Colporteur of Cumberland Conniy Fayetteville. June 2, 1856. Town papers please copy. FOR. THE OBSERVER.

Departed this life, on Thursday the loth May, Mr HENRY BRITT, by an accidental discharge of a gun in his own hand He wasy engaged in clearing up piece of ground so the side of a ditch, and after bretk fast took bis gun "with a double barrel shot (ran. with only one leaded for tbe purpose of tryinr (Inn to kill a hawk "that aaed In passing from the fcouse his work was not exceeding 200 yards -he picked up a handful ef brush that lay in hit way to throw on the trash piles to burn them, and when he got to the Oitch he dropped the brush in order to pitch them over, acat 4- time. "Setting the breech of the ran on the nnud and resting his left hand hieh on the barrel, he eommenced throwing the brush over the diteh (the guri being immediately before him,) ud. by acme means, the arasa entangled or struck the hammer of the percussion lock; the cap burst, and the rnn exploded; the tnuszle being near his mouth the whole contents went into his mouth, taking off all of mi under lip-' and ranging upward lodged tn the upper part of. aim head, killintr him instantly- A little mi of his, about 10 years old, and a negro girl about aaw the whole transaction.

Mr. Britt was a deaooa of the enures at Piney Grcr. Sampson county; he was about 50 years tX age, k.nJ busband and indulgent father, humne master ind obliging neighbor, leaving a 'wife fmy daaghter,) and even children, a number of "relatives and acqMiai- ances, to mourn his irreparable loss. The coroner of tbe County held Sn inquest, over him, and report above sUtedJ. J.

L. CLIFTON. P. S. Tb residence of -Mrt Britt was near where Sampson, and.

Ihiplinoounties corner, near Goshen swam gr, and withia two miles of the place? where John Barfield killed, Alfred Flowers, and wher W. O. Alford was kUled. and. Theodore Barfield, tin Spring; and wfthia few.

years several persons, whin men and negroes, share: been ahot at. but not killed Together with. natural deaths, there are more widows la that neighborhood than any place for the same distance (In the country) I ever Saw. J. L.

C. OFFICEWGST ERN RAIL RO AD. ffJROPOSALS wIU be received until the 5th Jane, ii. for completing the graduation en Sections No. -ani 8 of this Road.

The work is light and of if-elrabte -Detailed information, together profile and specifications, can be had by application at this Office C. B. MAXLETT, Prw't "Kfay 27, 1856 8-tt PR1 RfCrU.FP Y. nj. N.

SMITH, DRUGGIST lrn CHEMIST XS now receiving hia Spring and Summer supply of freeh. MEDICINES, DRUGS, CHEMICALS. PAINTS. OILS. STUFFS, PERFUMERY, CY-and TOLLETjrtUti0lea.

to which he invites the attention of Phyalolan and ihera. Orden from my Country frienda promptly- attended to and i v.V iy i nrittTV SaturaOuon gnaraaiecit uvvu wcpru aad PMCE. 'Barniritf Fluid, Cattphiaer JPoEash, Soip, Congress Water) Sperm 'and' Adamantine Candles, Qreeid Teaslues, Gelstine, Lamp, NeatsforjC-Ttaia-eaid Salad Oils, White Lead and Palrita of every description, Varnishes, Brashes, Pate Wines. Braridy and Gin for Med ical ase, London Porter," Surgical InstrnmeDU, j. i uuvo, -xjl uca, uuppvrtciD, ConsUntiy tn hand, together irith alt other articlea in my line for sale at the lowest Drices.

N. SMITH, tforiht WtsL Come Market Square. April 19. -J DENTAIz-NOTICE. TrtENBOW Would reipeotlany Inform his friends JLV and thU Oommanity thr intends to 1T' hereon the First of JulyHu usual, to be absent until tho first ef October, lm Pertbhs desiring bis professional services will ple not delay their call until thtflast moment.

I am ery mneh In need of money, tho who still owe me winIeast eall and settie, and tnui 1 c- B' 'Thd Gtcitoof ITortliYOarolixia iAir a vt cri 1 1 1 II ft ULt Cil KXMUU i TMtJWHKE have.yottieaVrhoWhere can you find IM nasortaseat of '---f -ir hnmrsr a let I Furnishing Goods, to compare witn tne stoca now on exaioiHou To all who Visit the place, We Sar fCaU 'ee the largest; of BUPKRIQR fJLOTHLNO. and the Hanasoraest Btort la oar 8tkte! so, acftf to attempt eohtradiction, woaid deny a 1 iwkaledgadtrutK The tiUbUshment, beretorore; la eoadnoted byrtrt produced WefeHemeaf. :4 F3 feTbe'Engtisli Journals; in jbord VjCreadoars'lettef respecting thy 2.000 rifles farntstJed to Costa Kica The British, govern meat have (qhfnedtp1dTmu.eori saie, ana woum do giaa, meewitn- qtner purchasers besides be The Liverpool Cotton market was unchanged; the sales of the Week were balesT Bread-stuffs had undergone little 'or no" alteration in prices. Western canal flour was quoted 32s. a and Baltimore and Ohio 35.

a 87M- Provisions were generally unchanged. American stocks were firm. Tho money mar ket was unchanged. Consols for money closed at 98 a 93 j. THE DIFFICULTIES LV-KA2JSAS.

St. Louis, May 28 lhe Republican and Democrat newspapers both have letters in relation to the attack on Cawrence The correspondent of the Democrat says the stores and houses were indiscriminately broken open and robbed. Mr. Johnson had. drafts and land warrants to the amountwf $2000 stolen from bim.

Mr. Opliff, a colouol of militia appointed by Gov. Shannon last fall, was robbed of his commission, his private watch, S800 in money, and all his clothing. 'Brown's library was fired twice, but the flames wereex-. tinguished by the citizens.

The Republican learns that on the 22d 100 free State men were collected at Lawrence. The garrison at Franklin was probably attacked by the free State men on the same night. It was understood that Gov. Shannon would order 100 regulars to the station at Oswattomie, 100 at Lawrence, and 100 at Topeka. Judge Canto, of the Oswattomie district court, had been prevented from holding his sessious by the threats of the free State men.

Judge Fane had passed through Leavenworth on his way to Georgia. The Democrat is informed that Sheriff Jones intended to proceed immediately to Topeka, with the intention of destroying the town. Chicago, May 2S. Tbe Westport (Mo.) Times, of the 23d states that the Congressional Investigating Committee were still at Leavenworth. Schuyler writes that M.

F. Conway and himself were set at liberty on tbe 20th, but Brown and Robinson were still prisoners at Lecompton. After the arms in Lawrence had been delivered up, Gov. Shadnon was requested by the citizens to interfere and prevent further outrages, but he declined. Schuyler then called on Mr.

Oliver of the investigating committee to induce him to use his influence with Gov. Shannon, and Sherman made a similar appeal. Oliver promised to answer in 15 minutes, but neglected doing so. Previous to the posse entering Lawrence, Gov. Shannon agreed that if the arms were delivered to Col.

Sumner, only a sufficient number of men would be allowed to enter to make arrests. Afterwards, however, he declared that the arms should be delivered to the posse and that the hotel, the Herald office and the breastworks should be destroyed. The mob shot a Delaware Indian near Law- rence, irom mere wantonness, i ne uelawares threatened revenge. The foregoing statement evidently comes from an abolition source, and is no doubt exaggerated. Washington, May 29.

Further from Kansas. After burning the hotel and the office of tbe "Herald of Freedom' the Robinson house was 6red, but the flames were extinguished before the building was entirely consumed. Sheriff Jones then dismissed the posse, who invaded the stores and dwellings, and demolished evervthinir not nrevimialv remnved by the owners. The post-office was broken open, and tho letters seized. All the houses of the free State men were pillaged, except the Cincinnati hotel.

Buford, Strinefellow, and. Atchison were conspicuous during the day. Gov? Shannon was absent. Jones' posse left at sunset, having been informed that their services would be needed next day. It is supposed that the fire seen -on Wednesday night was the burning of Robinson's house.

Chicago, 29. -Dates from Leavenworth to Saturday last have been received here. Gov. Shannon has called out the troops; and stationed them at different points. The Missourians were returning home.

Washington, May 29 Senator Wilson Challenged by Mr. Brooks of S. C. Hon. Mr.

Brooks, of S. sent a challenge to-day to Senator Wilson, of for having, in the Senate-, charged him with having made a "cowardly- and: murderous assault upon his colleague, Mr, Sumner." Gen. Lane, of Oregon, was the bearer of the note to Mr. Wilson. He replied that he was not a duellist; bat would i use such language as he thought "proper id debate, and if assailed, he knew how to defend tintself.

Mr. Brooks expressed himself satisfied with Gen. Webb's letter in the Courier and i Moirtmfiwt, My28. Vermont iWtrics. rlpie; Americaa State Councils held their manual meeting here yesterday.

Everything passed off harmoniously. Ryland Fletcher was dominated for Governor, and J. M. Slads for Lieutenant Governor. Resolutions were adopted denouncing the present adminis tration, and proposing to unite with tho in the Presidential election.

The assault upon Sumaer was also denounoed, and the House called on to expel Brooks. New York, May 27. Protest of' Don Marcoleta. The oity papers have been furnished with the official protest of Don Marcoleta against the recognition of the new fovernment of Nicaragua, dated MayJLJ, inst. says he is to, discover, the important and weightyireaapns which caused Uhe United States government, to abandon its former -position.

He quotes various extracta from; Mar- cjrs letters In opposition to the reoOgniuon, which he characterizes as a most flagrant yiolationf divine and human laws, and-the encouragement and sure guarantee of fillibusteriam, in NiearaguaL He says he has addressed similar protests to all the diplomatio circles a At xmetiM of thetNer eftcan anefr practf Society disoassioa, St6oeaa eleoted job the ExeoativeCoraaaittajs in pUi)f the Ra. ehemiah.A 4 aas autboref the 3outh aide Vie BlaTery.Ji re-electior Was thai lXe Englaad should ot- he represeated ia i Nat: raal Society'r by ja peraoii holding the yiews slavery Utribated, to Dr. aluaiton rt Pe vi dence, R.I.,is $656,000,000 and its total wealth i oraputal ai" 'Which jfj i among, 47785 eoj Ut oali giT, aa aTeraeof aeaxlj $1,600 to each ttaa, tsl'dilii Mr. thd Manturof rarliameatafy nr0rvV Kw re; feather House exercise any lutnenty over a member tr officer of thd Whef, but should eomnlain to the House of which he is, and leave the punishmeut to them." A brief of the constitutional privileges ofjSenalprs and RepresenUtivet will show the soundness of this rule of parliamentary law. The Constitution provides, article 1st, section 6th, that "they shall, in cases oxocpt treason, felony, and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective Houses, in going to and returning from the same." But the Senate is not a court of criminal judicature, empowered to try the excepted offences, and cannot take cognizance of a breach of the peace, as uch.

It cannot take any notice of the assault except as breach of its privileges, and in it is not one of the cases in which he privilege from arrest is excepted. The Senate therefore, for a breach of its privileges, caunot arrest a membor of the House of Representatives, and, a fortiori, it cannot try and pnnisb him. That authority devolves solely upon tho House of which he is a member. It is the opinion of the committee, therefore, that the Senate cannot proceed further in the present case than to make complaint to the House or ivcprcseniauves, or ma assuu uuiumntcu u3 one of its members, the Hm. Preston S.

Brooks, upon the Hon. Charles Sumner, a Senator from the State of Masssachusetts. The committed submit herewith certain affida- i vits taken by them in the case and the following resolution: Resolved, That the above report be accepted, and that a copy thereof and the affidavits accom- panying the same be transmitted to the House of nepresenutives. The Report aud Resolution were concurred in Mr. Toombs alone voting against them A New Era.

The South Carolinian, in allud ing to the public demonstrations in approval of Mr. Brooks, uses the following language: "And, to add the crowning glory to the good work, the slaves of Columbia have already a handsome subscription, and will present an appro- priate token of their regard to him who has made the first practical issue for their preservation and protection in their rights and enjoyments as the happiest laborers on the lace ot the globe. Was the like of this ever before published in a uewspaper in South The negroes of Columbia have actually participated in the cou gratulations of Mr. Brooks, and the South Caro liuian lauds it as "the crowning glory to the good work!" No, these meetings in South Carolina to sustain Mr. Brooks, as counter to those at the North, are proper enough.

But when, in the Capital of the State, slaves are per- mitted, nay, applauded, and urged to take part in our political movements to unite in popular demonstrations to raise subscriptions, and pre sent their tokens of approval to our public men it is, indeed, a spectacle as disgusting as it is novel. We blush for the State when such things are permitted, if our slaves can publicly coo gratulate, may they not publicly condemn' And if one portion are permitted to laud Mr. Brooks, why may not another, if disposed, sympathise with Mr. Sumner? According to the Carolinian, the approval of Mr. Brooks fellow citizens, tteir congratulations aQd testimonials, are completely obscured by crowning glory of this negro demonstra- tion- And In the me view we suPPae that the neero deputation and why Bhould uot there one? when it arrives in Washington, wil tae precedence their masters, while they present to Mr.

Brookatheir "appropriate token. Such a proceodinwhile it offends every sen timent of Carolina society, is calculated to bring ridicule and disgrace upon the whole movement Charleston Mercury. Another Cane for Mr. Brook. AVo under sUnd that a very large meeting 0f the student 0f the University of Virginia, was held on Tues day evening, to take into consideration the recent attack of te Hon.

Brooks on Charle8 Sumner, in the U. S. Senate chamber. Several very eloquent speeches were delivered all of which fullj approvei the course of Mr Brooks, and a resolution was passed, to purchase for Mr. B.

a BpleDdid cane. The cane is to have a heavy old head which will be 8uitably in senbed, and also bear upon it a device of th humaQ nead badly and broken. The chiTary 0f the South, it seems, has been tho hl aroused. ieers6ury Express. Columbia, S.

May 28, Mr. Brooks' Course Approved At a largely attended meeting here last night, strong reBolu tions were adopted sustaining Coi. Brooks and approving nis course, in tne attac upon air Hnmner. The Crops. In this county it is too early to predict what the crops will be, but from present appearances, barring mishaps, the prospect is en- couraging.

Wneat tared badly rrom tbe cold weather in winter, is thin and seems rather small but vigorous, and weather most favorable to rapid growth and development. Oats is promising as the crop well can be, with every thing in its favor for a large harvest. Corn has come up well where planted; many are yet seeding and the fields and farms are all clean and in fine condition. Meadows are luxuriant indeed and the Hay crop must be very large. Other crops appear promising si they develope, and there is on the whole good cause to hope that the husbandman will be blessed with a large reward.

Asheboro' Bui. Fire in Cluirlotte. A destructive fire broke out in Charlotte, N. on the morning of the 27th iinatr It the bakery, of in uiuesgie oi xuuzei, ud iuaiuu street, two ooors North of the American and caused the destruction of a number of louses, North nuid South, beforVIt Was arrested, which was1 finally effected by blowing up Several houses with' of powder. The American Hotel, situated about a thepublio 'urftanorejatre jpf town nhd'- detrojJdd Vi all tits appurtenaneea jind back PttiTdingsand a considerable, portion of the furniture belonging to, Watson, Adams, aq'.

the proprietor-: of HoteNorthiof theiHotel five estabtishments, era destroyed; South of the Hotel range of build ines destroy jpne. opposite Vhe Hotel. eoits were i of traild jon the WesV side of Main on side "xst the bTowS'tip v'-to arrest the progress of the fiametw' -About adosen build-in went.1incl irmgnsora? jmalf affair! la an bj. I oan4shC.taakers.; The buildings were, mostlypwnedr.by Ijlufus ment was to the effect, there were several at a distance-looking on and offering no I assistance, of -hom herognised only Mr. Illinois," and Mr, Toombs, of Georgia, and he saw his assailant standing between them.

This Was a 'total misapprehension on Mr. Sumner's partMr. P. added that he had no knowledge or suspicion that any assault was contemplated, or would be, made, either here or else- where. He did not approach Mr.

Brooks or speak to him," and was not within fifty feet of the senator. front Georgia. How such an idea coald Jiave got into Mr.oumner head it was lmpos- aible for him toiconceive. Tho statement in the might Carry the impression to the country that he was aiding and abetting the assault, and wasf in faet, participant; but that was an en-j rarely erroneous idea, aa he did not even know that Mr. 13.

i the Capitol at the time the assault was Committed. Mr. Toombs corroborated' the statements of Sen- ators 61idell' and said that, for statement to make. He named -S0m6; geotlemea who spoke to him of I snair terms Of condemnation, and to whom he had laid tbttr he, (Mf. approved it.

He! did not Interfere at all, and certainly should not have done so on that side. Mr. Butler mentioned the fact of his having just arrived in this city, and that he would at onoe have assumed all the responsibility which i had been taken by his gallant had not his friends dissuaded him. He flatly contradicted the statement of Sumner that what he had said in his speech was strictly in response to what be had "said on former occasions. Not a remark by "Jhiiri (Mr.

would justify the language used by the Jknator. He (Mr. B. -had striven' to' keep himself strictly within the -pale of parliamentary propriety throughout the He had replied to the remarks of the 8enatorJrom (Mr. Halo) relation to the Bnprema Court because it was eminently proper that lie should have done so, standing as lie did at the head of the Committee on the judiciary; and when his friend Gen.

Atchison liad been Wassailed he had repelled the assault, aad.flomejof his had thought he had. been toq forbearing on the occasion. When the from Massachusetts came he should.epeak to them, because he respected the history of. that State; bat he did not mean to recognize theSenator in his remarks. Mr.

Wade said it waa impossible to sit still rand hear snob sentiments as had been uttered on this floor. Of the facts just stated he had nothing 1 to say nia menus mere woo tnougnt with him on certain matters were in a very lean minority; butif a cowardly and assassin-like attack like this made.upon the Senator from Massachusetts was to approree the. sooner it was understood the" better, as the minority could then come arm-ed tot defend Hhe freedom of; speech. Live would vindicate it in that chamber, aadhv thought the could not nerish in a better, cans than in defence of the privileges of ui Tcpresesuuva ana oi tne ireeaom of speech. Mr.

Wilson-did not think there was anv thine itf- the' etatement of his colleagaetnconsistent 7 wnn uioso wnicn naa Dcea oiae by Mr. Slidell and Doughs, HeMid; noinV that bis collearae should be olaoed in'thn Hvhtnf tionally misrepresenting any thing in relation to iae mawer' it be recollected that his also urged that there was do Question before th 'Senate, andjt. fas, evident that tbe debate was becoming aenmoowas, anhe hoped it might he postponed until the, matter could be considered 7 with more calmness, word fell from Mr. went on. toe say that his coUearae-had stated hiTecollections'of the affair.

He might havemade mistakeand ir he had, it toJbeVondered at under the circumstaDoes: toavjie naa made anv. intentional, miarrors. aenUtion, would not admit irould condemn -conduct of this kind Iwiooh 'iahim vasfiif any Other miO. When hia tUivrOr vzX ri'nwrA fie would tie there lo mV f7.Hmr:'tiA maugre au tbe assumptions ot superiority fMfi-Butler made brief feiofn'derTfT? Fbstersaid'Tie''dil not desire to anyjll jfeeliog tov the remark of the Senatotfrom Georei CMrToombs4that he approved of the attaekin Mrr Sumner; tbut, he thooght it incumbent onliinir to sa sotaethin a mjeondemnaiiouf hafeaaVk'leWlii7nleDot mighrbe ioterpretod. inWa base feax Af.Iika oonscquenees happening to iiimteifnd de sued tp4isabitM theminUs -of nil present thal JvWchapprebensiott xisted.irtHeaajounff in the body, might bettor bewme him tt! listen than ta soeakt bnt i 71 a to aol to.

maintain the ijoHeai? had been beaten down by a brutal and cowardly assaultr S'H' butler (la'fis seat) Jba are a jiar. MrkStaart called thev of a 4,.