The Miami Herald from Miami, Florida • 103

If I 11 Great Services Associated Press AP Wlrephoto United Press Int'l UPI Photo UPI Business Wire Federal Photo Chicago Daily News Foreign Service LA Times-Washington Post Service NY Herald-Tribune Service Chicago Sun-Times Service Coplev News Service 0(k Sunday March 28 196 Hi raid airiexpress mwt EDITION No 118 Ad rspapar of the Americas' Member of The InferAmertcan Press Association Year Unions Pour Dollars and Brains Into Push 'Bit iiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiissiijiiii'iiiijiiiif iii! is uin vi rs Phil Meyer and Jim Robinson of our Washington bureau begin a four part series on the civil rights movement Part one reveals how it is financed in part Later installments will deal with the structure of the movement an unemotional loah at the Communist question and what lies ahead nizations which to them were traditional sources of discrimination and segregation On the other hand the CIO's well-known committment to non-diseriminaf ion and racial equality was used to frighten white workers "All the companies had to do was go around pointing out that Negroes worked side-by-side with whiter in northern plants organized by the a top CAW ol Tidal explained "One thing we learned from Operation was that you couldn't expect to organize the South until Ne- Turn to SAW Col 1 things that neeeded to he done changes that had to be made" First priority was given to the plight of the American Negro and the need for improving his position economically and socially It was not long before Reuther realized that progress for the Negro could not be won by labor alone The widely-adver-tispd postwar "Operation Dixie" an attempt ot organize non-union plants in southern states foundered at attempt to orga-nizers were unable to get Negro workers to join orga ly revolves around his activities and those of his million-irmmbcr union TO REUTHER perhaps more than any other national union leader a labor union is not just a bread-and-hut-ter organization looking out for the paychecks of its members lie views the UAW as an instrument for social betterment committed to fight labor's battles in the political a-ena rs "ell as at the bargaining table a 'ter World ar II" Reuther recalled recieut-'y "we in the UAW sat down By PHILIP MEYER and JAMES ROBINSON Of Our Washington Bureau WASHINGTON The slaying of a Teamster Union wife in Selma Ala focused national attention on a little-noted phase of the civil rights movement the key role played by organized labor The demonstration that led Mrs Viola Gregg Luizzo into the path of a bullet was part of a sustained effort to which organized labor has committed its strength involvement' has given the movement its power to make the march a success Why was Mrs Luizzo in Selma? Why has labor joined forces with the American Negro in his struggle for equality? Last week Reuther stood on the stops of the Dallas County Courthouse in Selma with King at his s'de and declared: is of indivis tile value You can have it only if you sharp it with other men" While Reuther is not the only union leader active in the civil rights movement the story of labor's role large- Ik 'i gaT professional smoothness and in some cases its sound financial hacking Two years ago when the Rev Martin Luther King needed $160000 to bail 800 of his followers out of the Birmingham jail it was orga nized labor that put up the money And when Negro leaders wanted to stage their historic march on Washington it was UAW President Walter Reuther who stepped in to offer money and trained man Onlookers A i Juvrvd Mobs Riot in Germany and decided on some goals "We set some priorities rf hu Kent a real blonde from Cora' Gabies began the march with an official wave Miami Beach's anniversary queen was first in line by default Sen George Smatb-ers is ill and couldn't make With Mayor Mel Richard rather he mayor here than anvwhere else in the ets for the weekly drawing are issued thousands of them disappear from normal channels A flourishing black market i tickets exists and anyone willing to pay over the price can get tickets The normal 25-cent coupons bring 30 and 35 cents on Hip local black market Turn to Page 2A Col I RENT ICEMAKERS as low as 73c per day McDonald Air Cond Inc Ieemaker Div 261 NW 635-5281 Staff Photo by BOB EAST Miami Beach's Golden Girl Lanita Kent Starts Birthday Parade she subbed for ailing Sen George Smatliers Pretty Girls Roaring Cycles Help Beach Mark 50th ear Wizard: rry Lussed Klansnum Slill Calls LRJ Jiar I 1 II A Ale -i UPI i The grand wizard of the Ku Klux Klan apologized Saturday for calling President Johnson a "damn liar" but accused the chief executive of convicting without a trial four klansmcn held in the slaying of Viola Liuzzo Robert Shc'ton said his state-'tent of Friday referring to President Johnson as a "damn liar" was not entirely corvee "I apologize" Shelton said "I exclude lie ord 'damn' But Shelton speaking at a news conference said the four klansmen held in the slaying of Mrs Liuzzo "have been declared guilty by President Johnson before a warrant has been issued or a trial held" Shelton referred to the fact that President Johnson went on national television to announce the arrests and personally identify the suspects Sheriff Jim Clark a central figure in Alabama's re- 1 cent racial troubles said there was a possibility" the slaying might not have occurred at all had the FBI kept local authorities advised of developments the night Mrs Liuzzo was slain Clark said FBI agents had under surveillance the car from which the fatal shots allegedly were fired hut had not bothered to advise local police officers or Army authorities Clark did not elaborate on what he meant hy The FBI refused to discuss anything in connection with the investigation of the slaying The four suspects in the case are Eugene Thomas 43 Bessemer Ala William Orville Eaton 41 Bessemer Gary Thomas Rowe Jr 31 Birmingham and Collie Leroy Wilkins Jr 21 Fairfield Ala All hut Wilkins have been freed under $50000 bond Wilkins who was on proba- i tion at the time of his arrest for carrying a sawed off shotgun is being held for a probation hearing The four have been charged with violating Mrs Liuzzo's civil rights The state has said it will bring murder charges if evidence warrants The body of Mrs Liuzzo 39-year-old Detroit mother of live was flown back to the Michigan city Friday night in Teamster President James plane Her husband is a business agent for the union Mrs Liuzzo was shot to death from a passing car Thurs- day night while running a shuttle service for civil rights demonstrators who took part in the massive Selma to Montgomery 'protest march said lie believed Mrs I ivzzo was set up to become another martyr and another rallying point because march from Selma to Montgomery was not a success" Shelton said his organization was investigating Mrs Liuzzo in Detroit Mat Murphy Jr attorney for the four men charged in connection with the slaying of Mrs Liuzzo said one of the four had been offered 500 acres of land in Minnesota to "put I the finger on the i Murphy who told newsmen he was a member of the Klan as well as its legal counsel said the four would be exonerated Herald Staff Photo by BILL KUENZEL ing lot with motorists bumper-to-burnper Cars averaged three and one-half hours to go the eight-mile distance starting as early as 6 am Saturday See stories on Pagps 1CV and 5C Bumper Crop A main artery from Sebring to the airport site of 12-hour endurance auto race turned into a long park- Report on Withdrawal Clinics Protest War in Viet Nam FRANKFURT Germany i UPI i Screaming demonstrators demanding that the US get out of Viet Nam 1 led riot police outside the biggest US consulate here Saturday A West German crowd watching the scuffle jeered at the anti-American demonstrators One woman bystander shouted at the demonstrators: "Go over to East Berlin and tell the Communists to get out of Viet Nam" The demonstrators pushed through lines of city polire But Hessian state riot polire reinforcements and two US Marine guards blocked them from reaching the consulate Forty one of the demon-si rators were arrested and tossed still struggling into paddy wagons They included young women and young men some wit equally long hair Several of the men and women paired off and began kissing The demonstrators were charged will illegal assembly or "endangering traffic" and released for trial later The outburst in front of the consulate climaxed a march through downtown Frankfurt by 600 to 700 men and women waving such signs as "Johnson Stop Your Dirty Viet Nam Turn to Page 2 A Col 8 Chile Peru Asked: Lift Press Curb MONTEGO BAY Jamaica I API Tiie board of directors of the Inter American Press Association tIAPA) Saturday urged Peru and Chile to repeal laws endangering press freedom In both countries the governments have maintained the freedom of the press the IAPA board noted at its annual midyear meeting But in Peru a little-known section of the military code was used to indict a newspaperman for insulting the police In Chile the law on publicity abuses enacted last year contains "provisions which would limit newspaper work" the board said The board expressed hope that the Chilean government will soon introduce in Congress a reform of the publicity law A more serious attitude was taken toward Peru The board noted that a bill now in Congress would eliminate objectionable sections of the military code "If this does not occur it is obvious that although at the present time the press in Peru can work freely and without any restrictions there is a latent danger against freedom ot the press and there remains a dark cloud which at any moment could burst over Permian jounalism" the board said 501 DuPont Nylon Carpet $299 yd Big Saul Discount Carpet Exch 7300 NW 7 AvA -Adv Lipstick Traces on Cigarets Show Who Can Kick Habit world" at her side in a golden convertible Parade Marshal Kent led It hands 23 color guards and 15 floats north to the review ing stand Along 19 miles of Washington Avenue an estimated 15000 spectators lined the road that 50 years ago was hacked through palmetto scrub hy the city's pioneers A Dixieland band pushed By KFRT LUEDTKE Herald Staff Writer With a long-legged girl in gold replacing the junior United States senator from Florida Ihc City of Miami Beach Saturday celebrated 50 years of sunshine with an 83-degree parade The clock above Lincoln Road Mall hlinked 1:04 pm when Parade Marshal Lanita University Is Issue Push For Rapid Reforms 71 Vi 'V- iMrdlijA ex i I 'V xT" TFi T'r cfe By AN Herald Soecial Writer SAN JUAN A feud in the Popular Party between the "Old Guard" and "Young could erupt the open at any time The "Young Turks" are younger members of the party think changes are not made fast enough to suit They think some of the members of Ihc party are obstructing progress as they it One of the main areas of is over the university bill however there are By DICK FLOYD Herald Science Writer NEW ORLEANS Mon could have the last word after all The female may be busy puffing a cigaret Four studies at Roswell Park Memorial Institute ir Buffalo NY show that men are more successful in giving up smoking Dr Charles A Ross explained the institute's smoking withdrawal research clinic at a science writers seminar of the American Cancer Society here Dr Ross chief of Thoracic Surgery Department is the physician who has comluotod the most intensive Investigation on how to kick the smoking habit Aral) Officers Map Action Plan DAMASCUS Syria (API Army officers from Arab countries bordering Israel have laid down "a unified plan for concerted Arab action in the event of renewed hositilities with Israel" it was officially announced here The plan was not made public but the announcement said it would be submitted to the unified Arab high command in Cairo and the Arab League for approval See how a VIC POLK POOL fits you Ph 661Q659 Adv Axe With two monkeys a duck a raccoon and a deodorized skunk named Pansy the unnamed anteater rode the Humane's Society's float and slept There were no ants in evidence THE FIRST FAVI) to do Turn to Page 4 AW Col 1 Chou En-lai In Albania VIENNA i AP 1 Red Chinese Premier Chou En-lai arrived Saturday in Albania China's tiny Adriatic ally on an official visit expected to include talks on the feud with Moscow Radio Bucharest said Chou and his party of government and party officials left for Tirana after a three-day stay in Bucharest for the funeral of Romanian President Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej Chou's activities in Bucharest were shrouded in secrecy but it was rumored that he had held private talks with Anastas I Mikoyan who also attended the funeral 'S smouldering the into who being them older sec conflict reform other areas which potentially present more serious differences ystery Surrounds Lottery Tickets Where do the lottery tickets go? This is sort of a semi-mystery to treasury officials who think they may know the answer The day the new lottery tirk- Sell or borrow $100 to $100000 or more on your diamonds Jack Worst Diamond Loans 1402 (Congress Bldg FR 1-2478-Adv Smokers all volunteers were given brief physical examinations talks and merii-cation including placebos (make-believe medicine such as sugar pills) lobeline nicotine and amphetamine "We are not sure why men i find it easier to I Dr Ross said may he that the women in our study not a cross-section found it difficult to follow a program I any program "We do know that a major element in both quit-i ting is habituation and we I g- know much about hab- AOpters Ijliartl all BERLIN (AP) West At the end of one week Berlin police report East Ger-those on loheline medication mans are using helicopters for were significantly more sue- the first time along the Berlin cessful In quitting than those jwaU to spot at(empted escapes BOAT STORAGE Undercover to the West Four were ob-facilities WET or DRY YACHT served in one day at various REPAIRS Quality ship NEW BOATS built specifications BROWARD MA-1 AUTO BOAT DEAD Storage RINE INC Ft Laud 522-1701! Bonded Whse Corp Miami 945-8453 601 SW 8th St-FR who received a placebo At the end of six months there was no statistically significant difference Age also is a factor the study showed Those under 40 quit completely in 11 per cent of the cases Those over 40 were slightlv more successful Tom' age when you begin smoking also important Those who began before 14 Turn to Page 2A Col 5 5.