Evening star from Washington, District of Columbia • 6

A-6 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY July 4, 1930 THEODORE W. NOYES Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business once: 11th St.

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The Inestimable Right. One hundred and fifty-four years ago today a body of Americans assembled In Philadelphia, representing the people of the colonies of England in this continent, signed a Declaration of Independence which became the comer stone of American freedom and national existence. A bitter war was necessary to secure that independence. It was won and with the victory was established a free and independent Government of the United States which stands today the strongest In the world. In the Declaration the citizens of the colonies who staked their very lives upon their demand for freedom from British dominion recited numerous grievances against the King of England, whose rule had been tyrannical and unjust.

The statement of these political and economic cruelties constituted the body of the immortal instrument. In brief compass the case of the colonists against the King was set forth vividly and completely. That document became the Magna Charta of America and Inspired other peoples, in distant lands, to strike for freedom. Today, as for more than a century and a half, the signing of the Declaration is celebrated in America and by Americans wherever in the world they may chance to be placed. Throughout the Declaration runs the thought that representation in the lawmaking and taxing body that constitutes the actual Government is a fundamental right of a free people.

In one passage particularly this principle Is declared: He (the King) has refused his assent to laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good. He has forbidden to pass laws of Immediate and pressing Importance, unless suspended in their (Operation until his assent should be obtained; and when so suspended he has utterly neglected to attend to them. He has refused to pass other laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of representation In the Legislature, a right Inestimable to them and formidable to only. Here In this free country, In this land established upon the principle of full participation by the people In their Government, the principle of representation in the law-making body, "a right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants half a million Americans are today they have been for more than a century and a half denied this very right, deprived of this Inestimable privilege of representation. They are, by the most singular of anomalies, the of the very eeat of Government.

Today, on. anniversary of the birth of the American Republic, on this day consecrated to the principle of government by representation, the half million imfranchised celebrate the Declaration of Independence without any share In the supreme right of participation which that instrument proclaimed. They Join in the celebration because they are by birth or by adoption American citizens. They sorrow because they are denied that which all other citizens enjoy without question or restriction unless they are criminals or insane. These unfrinchlaed Americans are not enduring this injustice in silence.

They- are demanding a redress of this grievance of taxation and administration without representation. They asking Congress to adopt for submission to the States an amendment to the Constitution that will enable Congress In Its discretion to admit the District to representation in House and Senate and in the electoral college. They will continue to demand this redress of grievances. They will continue to appeal to the people of the country to aid thefn in their plea for enfranchisement. Tbpy will persist in the hope and the that through their complete admission to American citizenship they will eventually be in a position to celebrate Independence day without reservation and with pride.

Suffering and privation am not necessary to make a hero. Bobby Jones, idol of the golf course, is as great a hero as any of them. Victory for Long before the end of the fight over the amount of the lump sum the battle between House and Senate had narrowed to one that concerned more than mere For this reason the settlements on the District bill can be counted as a distinct victory for the Senate, and some of the of that victory will accrue to the District, which In the fight been the silent ally. The principle, as far as the House and Senate alone were concerned, as- tected the fundamental rights of the latter body as a copartner In the bust- ness of legislating. The Senate has demonstrated that It is not to be bluffed or bulldozed.

As far as the District was concerned the principle narrowed down to the old point of whether a few members of the House, disregarding considerations of equity and fair treatment, would con- tinue indefinitely and without rhyme or reason to allot as the Federal share an arbitrary and fixed sum to Capital maintenance without regard to the number, nature or cost of Capital City projects to be charged to the taxpayers by an alien legislative body. The protracted fight between the plus the arrogant refusal of the House to compromise until the last minute of a long session, makes the Senate victory more pronounced. The $500,000 yielded by the House Is a relatively small sum. The main thing la that the House, and not the Senate, yielded at the end, and that the lump sum, fixed and unchanging for the last six years, has been changed and revised upward in favor of the District At one time the District was placed In the position of losing the 1931 appropriation or of seeing the Senate yield once more to the domination of the House. If the appropriation had failed the District would have been forced to undergo actual hardship and development of the Capital would have been seriously retarded.

If the Senate had yielded the long fight by the District for fiscal equity would have been fruitless, and small hope would have remained for a new deal. The agreement, however, changes all this. The deadlock, and with it the fixed amount of the lump sum, has been broken. The Senate has ably demonstrated that there is spirit as well as strength in the contention, and the attention of the Nation has been centered on a problem for which Congress in self-defense alone must provide a sensible and permanent solution. Once again the Senate, taking the part of the unrepresented citizens of the District, has waged a good fight.

But this time the Senate has won. Congress Adjourns. The Seventy-first Congress concluded last night its second session, and, shaking the dust of the National Capital from its heels, went home. The Senate was balky to the end, but ineffectual. The accomplishments of the insurgents and the Democrats, united in a coalition, have been practically talk and delay.

The Congress might have wound up its work two months ago and gone home with the same legislative results as have now been accomplished. The Senate coalitionists may urge that the time has been well spent in "educating the The proof of the pudding is in the eating. Much has been said in the press and in the Senate about the ineptitude of President Hoover in dealing with the Congress. Now that the Congress has actually adjourned it is possible to assay more correctly what has been done, in accordance with the recommendations of the President. In the end Mr.

Hoover has won all along the line. Yesterday, for example, was a big day for the administration forces on Capitol Hill. The World War bill was put through In a shape which met the views of the Chief Executive, whose veto of the original bill had been sustained by the House. Mr. Hoover also was successful in obtaining a $250,000 appropriation in the second deficiency bill to continue the work of his Law Enforcement Commission, and, finally, his insistence that something be done to break the deadlock between the House and Senate on the District of Columbia appropriation bill was suecessful.

The President, it is true, has had the support of a strong Republican organization in the House. The combination of the Chief Executive and the House proved too much for the Senate coall- i tlon. The very fact that a strong party organization has functioned In the House, while the Senate coalitionists have had no effective leadership, has given the House an advantage over the Senate which it has not been slow to use. It has been clear that the House, ready to sustain a presidential veto, has had the whip hand ever the Senate from the start. The President met only two reverses that stand out In the session of Congress just closed.

His appointment of Judge John J. Parker of North Carolina to be an associate justice of the Supreme Court was rejected by a narrow margin in the Senate and his veto of the Spanish War new pension bill was overridden by both houses of Congress. His successes far overshadow these reverses. He won In his contest with the Senate coalition on the and the "flexible In consideration of the tariff bill. He won In his demand for continuance of his Law Enforcement Commission.

He won In the fight over the nomination of Chief Justice Hughes. He had his way in connection with the pension legislation for the World War veterans. His program of legislation for the better enforcement of the prohibition laws has been partially enacted Into law. The record of legislative accomplishment during the special and regular sessions of the Seventy-first Congress stands out as remarkable when compared to actual results with the administration which Just preceded. The Coolldge administration tackled farm-relief legislation.

It remained for the Hoover administration to write the 1 farm bill into law. The Coolldge ministration did not tackle the tariff, and the Hoover administration did and put through a revision. The Hoover administration put through the transfer of prohibition enforcement from the Treasury Department to the Department of Justice. The Hoover administration has nego-1 tlated a naval limitation treaty with the other great naval powers of the world, covering every category of naval craft. The treaty has been reported favorably from the Senate Foreign Relations Committee and will be ratified at a special session of the Senate to be called by the President almost immediately.

It appears that a supplementary chapter dealing with the alleged "lneptness of Mr. must be written before the book is closed. Chicago racketeers are not as much afraid of the constituted civil authorities as they are of one another. Patriotism by Rote. Writing In one of the reviews that takes a pessimistic outlook on the strivings of humanity in general, an author recounts the fact that be never sees the American flag proudly waving without experiencing a secret desire to heave a rock at It, not because of any subversive philosophy that he has emj braced, but because, as a school boy, he was once required to stay after school and practice the to the Flag" while his comrades stood around and made merry over his shortcomings in mastering the prescribed formula.

The other day one of kindergarten teachers thought she heard a discordant note in tha class rendition of "Three Cheers for the Red, THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. FRIDAY. JULY 4, 1930 White and and after the song asked the class what meant. Up went a dozen hands or so, and a child was ksked for the definition. you sit said the young 100 per center, and pursuing the inquiry further it was discovered that some of the children, at least, had conceived of three chairs, one for the red, one for the white and another for the blue concept being perfectly orderly and with no overcrowding, as in the schools.

In another case a child reciting the "Salute to the was substituting for the words Nation the shocking picture of "One Naked while another, with some vague memory of the Prayer, was adding "With Liberty and Trespass for Another child, who will probably develop into a realist as he waxes in years, was making more truth than poetry out of "The Star Spangled when he sang, "Oh Satan Can See, by the Early and yet another was making It Early None of this proves anything in particular, and all the incidents above recounted were, happily, not in the same class. But as the Fourth of July approaches it is well to remember that patriotism is one subject not to be mastered by rote alone and something might be gained by informing the children that the Fourth of July is not observed to commemorate the first man who lit a firecracker. On the other hand, it does not make a great deal of difference after all. Washington, D. is the city beautiful.

It requires the intelligent consideration of statesmen who do not regard a country town style of capital as exemplifying the spirit of democracy. Criminals are no longer adroit. They proceed to regulate their own affairs and intimate that if let alone they will co-operate with Justice to the extent of killing off one another. Few newspaper men aspire to be President. Several Presidents have aspired to be newspaper men.

There Is a fascination In ink that levels all distinctions. A great poem might be revealed to the world if could feel secure in liberating his muse from the Mussolini censorship. America has provided Spain with one of her greatest bullfighters. What the New York Stock Exchange is looking for is a good, reliable bearfighter. Limitations of ship strength lead to minute calculation, which shows no present sign of limiting the possibility of airship strength.

Communistic activities are arousing protest in various parts of Asia. Experiments in that line have been undertaken by Asia for centuries past. It is not believed that continuous investigation is of benefit to basic financial interests. Wall Street needs relief at times, as well as agriculture. Athletic games still hold their popularity, although aviation, at present, is undoubtedly the greatest sport.

SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Celebration. Proud is the boast on the Fourth of July, When matches with firecrackers flirt, If we can remark when the day has gone by, "Nobody Oreat is the day and sublime is the fun As we Independence assert, If we can observe, when the fireworks are done, "Nobody Swift is the pace we are setting today, And we move with our senses alert, That hour brings a triumph in which we can say, "Nobody Braving the Future. "What do you know about the "A great answered Senator Sorghum.

"A tariff always leaves a great many people dissatisfied. My impression is that It is another of those things they call a noble Jud Tunkins says he goes fishing when real amusement gets so scarce that there seem any other place to go. Personal Viewpoint. Each theory that I call nice I advocate as good advice. And each that brings my mind distress Is less.

Honest Admiration. "Are you Interested in the Russian "Very answered Miss Cayenne. don't understand what is being said and I must admire the intellectual superiority of the actors who unquestionably "If all our wishes were 6aid Hi HI, the sage of Chinatown, "life would be sorrowful, with nothing left to wish for." Brief Authority. The chain store makes a haughty show That leaves its patrons at a loss. While new directors come and go, Each showing clerks just who is boss.

"Dar is heaps of automobile said Uncle Xben, "but mighty few men wif sense enough to drive a mule. Machinery Is useful, but animals still provide de June Time for Showers. From the Lowell Evening Leader. And in the merry, bridal month of June little Dan Cupid will be safe enough in predicting showers. 20,000 Tariff Mistakes.

Prom the Tulia Dally World. It Is said the tariff bill has 20,000 1 That comes from rushing things. Shooting to Continue. Prom the Dei Moinei Tribune-Capital. Apparently there are so many eteers in Chicago that the shooting will be good for some time to come.

i Unimportant News. Prom the Tulsa World. Our idea of unimportance is matri-1 monlal news concerning gals allied with the show business out In California. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.

The Senate's troubles with the automatic phones are as nothing compared with the trials of a man who get his own home because his wife insists on talking so long with-a friend. Such a gentleman is always willing to swear that no woman in the world can talk so long on the telephone. Perhaps this is a slander on a good woman who, after all, is no mote talkative than the next. One Washingtonian solved this problem in a masterful manner. After he had called his home several times, with the unvarying reply that line is he decided to try headquarters.

Calling up the telephone company Itself, he explained his dilemma and asked that an interruption be made in the talkfest in progress, and that his wife be Informed that her husband desired to talk with her on urgent business. This scheme, which worked out successfully, is recommended to all busy executives who find themselves foiled in this little domestic matter. The telephone company is willing to please at all times. When one stops to think of the multitudinous human relations Involved in the successful working of this modern utility, he will be willing to admit that, on the whole, that working is carried out with great smoothness. Just whether the dial phones will add to or end the troubles of subscribers remains to be seen.

Those who have have had experience with them in other cities declare that they are a great improvement over the old manual system. At present there is a gfceat deal of confusion in the minds of many telephone users, owing to the fact that often they use a dial phone to talk to some one who is still on the old-style system. They do not realize that their call does not go straight through, as it will when the dials are In universal use throughout the city, but that it must go into a regular "central" and then be completed by hand, as it were. One of the most exasperating things about the dials, as some see them, is that the user has such a helpless feeling when the dialing does not work out correctly. Especially is this true when the call must be completed as above outlined, and the declares that you have not dialed the numbers correctly.

I know I did!" you assert with some heat. The truth often is that you did not; that you have not yet got so used to the dial that the instrument is handled without mistake. It must be kept in mind that never and that if the dial numbers are done correctly the call must be completed correctly. Many users do not seem to realize that the dials are pure mathematics. The letters on them, for instance, are in reality numbers.

Thus if one wants to call National 6000, what he really dials is 62 5000. Suppose it was a party line, and had a on the end of it. In that event, what he would dial in reality would be 62 The greatest difficulty with the dials is not with the manipulation, but with the powers of memory, or their lack, of the user. Perhaps it would be nearer the truth to say that their use requires a co-ordination of hand and mind which approaches, in some slight degree, the abilities of a good tennis player or golfer. By this we would not imply that dialing is a sport, either Indoor or out, but simply that the use of the dial phones does introduce a totally new WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE.

When President Hoover tu at the 1 Capitol late last night signing 1 hour bills observers thought they detected Just the semblance of a smile 1 on the face that often been so 1 adorned In recent times. Congress was off the Chief hands at last, It has been on his hands for all but six weeks of his presidency. Mr. Hoo- ver has the Senate still to deal with for a spell in connection with the naval treaty. But his principal trials and tribulations on Capitol Hill are for the time being.

What the remain- lng two and a half years have in store for the administration Is on the lap of the gods. If the Democrats capture either branch of Congress In November or make G. O. P. control of the House or Senate more precarious than It now Is, troubles will pile up.

Despite taunts of his lack of leadership the President can contemplate with satisfaction his first siege with Congress. He was beaten on the national origins Immigration repeal, on the Parker nomination and on the Spanish War bill. But otherwise the Hoover legislative slate Is clean. Instead of wielding big sticks he Issued statements. In nearly every case they accomplished the White House purpose.

No stone will be left unturned by the administration to get prompt and affirmative action on the naval treaty at the special Senate session opening Monday. The President regards the London pact the brightest feather in his cap thus far. He intend to have It droop In ignominious defeat If he can help it. The first fight of the ratification forces will be to keep a quorum In the chamber. Senator Watson, Republican leader, confesses a tall order.

Cool weather will help. If blistering Midsummer heat comes along next weejs, admlnistratlonlsts admit it's going to be a tough Job to hold enough Senators In Washington for business purposes. Transatlantic sailing plans, vacation arrangements at home and congressional campaigns In many States are factors which have to be combated. Perhaps the deadliest foe Is apathy. Several of the men in whose hands the ratification battle will rest are for the pact, they say, because Not of such lukewarm stuff Is the fighting spirit made.

Col. Amos W. W. Woodcock, newly created prohibition director In the Department of Justice, will spend the next two weeks at one of his iavorite occupations, soldiering. He Is about to Join his regiment, the Ist Maryland National Guard, for a tour of duty at Camp Meade.

The regiment Is going to engage In some particularly fascinating activities. It Intends to carry out a plan of campaign not dissimilar from that which the British Army conducted when it sacked Washington In the War of 1812, Some of Col. friends suspect that his main Interest In the operations Is to find out Just how a British rum fleet, acting In co-operation with American land forces, might maneuver In the waters adjacent to these arid shores. Folks who dote on coincidences have just discovered that Bishop Cannon and the new prohibition born In the same town, Salisbury, Md. Dr.

Friedrich Wilhelm von Prittwitz, German Ambassador to the United States, will make his radio debut on Sunday afternoon, when he speaks In the Columbia Broadcasting "Conclave of series at Wash, ington. The talk will be in the nature of a temporary farewell, for the Ambassador and his family are sailing for Germany next week on an annual leave of absence. Dr. Von Prittwitz has seen Gernjan-American relations substantially solidified during his two and a half years in this country. Reparations and war claims have been definitely adjusted.

Investment of American capital In German industrial has taken place on an extensive scale. We have had visits from the Graf Zeppelin, German transatlantic flyers and Prof. Max Schmeling. The Bremen and the Europa have captured the blue ribbon of the ocean and the equation into this great necessity and utility. We do not know Just what the proportion Is between familiar calls which one makes and unfamiliar, but probably most men in business call more numbers with which they are unfamiliar.

Under the old system It was easy enough to look at a strange number in the book, repeat it to self a couple of times, and then remember It long enough to give it to the operator. After that it was her lookout. The responsibilty was ended. With the dial phones one is required to keep track of two entirely different matters, the handling of the right hand, and the handling of the memory. This is further complicated by the use of the letters, especially with three to every number, and the use of the two upon the same spots.

An old saying declares that one can do two things at the same yet that is exactly what the dials call upon one to do do a little fancy twiddling with the finger, while at the same time keep in mind a sequence of numbers. It will be found helpful to most users of the dials to write out on a piece of paper the number which they want to call. This applies particularly to the unfamiliar calls. Often the dial will slip, or rather one will dial clumsily. Immediately the attention will be called to poor handling of the mechanism, just long enough to permit the mind to forget the next number to be twirled.

Those who dial seem to be divided between the use of the right forefinger and a lead pencil. Just why some take to the use of the pencil is a mystery, when the index finger serves very well, indeed. We heard of one woman who asked for a pencil to make a call, thinking that the job could not be done with any other instrument. Use of the dials in the flat position seems easy enough, but to many their placement in an upright or vertical position makes for clumsy handling. Their use in this position in the booths peculiarly complicates difficult telephoning.

Some Inventive genius ought to do something to improve the booths. They are hot, stuffy and uncomfortable, in hot weather. Now, with the coming of the dials, they are particularly disagreeable. If one finds it necessary to write out the in order to have it before his eyes while he is dialing, he will find that there is no place to put the slip of paper. Ho, hum! Yet surely one is going to miss the and the opportunity she offered of some one to back It is amazing how quickly the average male telephone user can off the especially in the morning hours before he has warmed up to the day.

It is no to telephone girls and the average business man does not smile until about 10 or 10:30 a.m., no matter how good a breakfast he has had. It is during these early morning minutes that the gets the most. Then she is submerged beneath a barrage of masculine sarcasm. That she remains as pleasant as she usually does is vastly to her credit. The dial phones, we are told, will offer mute mechanism, Infallible, relentless and remorseless, instead of a very human being.

If you dial it correctly, it will respond correctly; If it does not produce, the user has made a mistake. The machine wins again. World War seems as far away almost as if it had never happened. Suggestions are forthcoming that S. Parker Gilbert, young American wizard of finance, may be invited by President Hoover to take the chairmanship of the reconstituted United States Tariff Commission.

Job as agent general for reparation payments at Berlin came to an end a few weeks ago with the Inception of the Young plan. He can have his pick of a dozen New York banking Jobs at fancy salaries and may prefer that kind of a career to continued public service. Gilbert, who is only 37, would meet with Mr. requirements for a tariff chief, wholly isolated from politics and political entanglements. His four years in Europe have given him a deep Insight into economic conditions As these will be the bedrock of tariff revision under the flexible system, Gilbert, in many respects, is ready-made for the Job In question.

a Dean Roscoe Pound of the Harvard Law School and one of the members of the Wickersham Law Enforcement Commission has gone to Ireland for a walking tour. Perhaps he wants to ascertain at first-hand just what It was that St. Patrick did to drive the snakes from the Emerald Isle and see how far the methods of legendary hero can be invoked for certain purposes in the United States. Pound is an indefatigable knight of the road. He made himself an authority on Civil War battlefields by tramping over them.

Representative Robert Luce, Republican, of Massachusetts, ranking member of the House Committee on World Wa Legislation, receives the share of credit on Capitol Hill for the final termination of the recent scrap along lines satisfactory to the administration. The cultured author of and An rates as the strategist who evolved the rapid-fire scheme of sustaining the Hoover veto of the first bill and then trotting out the Johnson substitute, which now is law. nothing in recent annals to equal the deftness with which the White House face was saved and Congress extricated from a predicament by one and the same token. Luce is a past master of the ins and outs of legislative magic, and he drew triumphantly on his storehouse of knowledge in the veterans' mess. While legislation is still fresh in mind comes the story that Representative John E.

Rankin, Democrat, of Mississippi, sponsor of the original House bill, aspires to be majority floor leader if and when the Democrats organize the lower branch and name Garner Speaker. Rankin is a World War service man himself. To him Is credited the grandiose plan of seeking to wrest for the Democratic party the leadership of all legislation, In order that It may reap the power and the glory so long enjoyed by the Republicans as the political sponsors of the Grand Army of the Republic. (Copyright, 1930.) Questions Justice of Skid-Death Penalty To the Editor of The Star: I read in The Star the account of a man being sentenced to five years in Jail because his machine skidded and killed a woman. I know neither party nor have we any mutual friends, but I did not know any one could be held responsible for his car skidding.

How can a skid be prevented? The account said the car skidded 50 feet before striking the woman. Surely the driver was in very great danger himself and must have been doing everything in his power to stop the skid. I would be glad to know the reasoning of the jury in this case. B. S.

GOODWIN. Does Own Angling. Prom the South Bend Tribune. It Is now Evident that President Hoover's fish are not caught for Mrn by his secretaries. Absurd Parking Light Rule Enforcement To tho Editor of The Star: The District police may not be able to catch a murderer, but they are wonderfully clever at surrounding a parked car and attaching a ticket to It for some petty violation of the traffic ordl- nances.

Mine was parked In front of my residence, within 20 feet of an arc light, but clear visibility of the offend- tag vehicle Is no excuse. Two thousand other Washingtonians are In the same fix, which works out at $4,000 to for- felted collateral for one night's work. Not bad! I hereby propose and offer myself as signatory to a petition to Congress for modernization of the traffic rules. Why should cars parked under an arc light need a parking light? Os course, Is the law therefore It should be but why are the police so capricious in enforcing it? About six weeks ago some local business man abandoned his car in front of my residence for three days, naturally without parking lights, and I had to call up the police twice to notify the owner of my Innocent desire to have access to my own house. For weeks and months cars to my street are left without park- i tag lights and there is never a sign of 1 a summons.

Then the police flop on a big murder case and show their au- 1 thority by holding a battue of parked automobiles. All we can do is to petition Congress for relief and for a recognition of the fact that the police are not our masters, but our servants. They exist for us and are paid by us to protect us from each other. Is It too much to ask Congress to protect us from the police? I suggest a petition, but If any more practical method can be suggested for putting an end to the arbitrary exercise of petty authority on the part of our police servants, I shall be glad to cooperate. JOHN CARTER.

Error as to House of Marshall Corrected To the Editor ot The Star: Mr. James W. Brooks, who wrote the article in Star, "American History by was misinformed In regard to Rosebank being the home of Chief Justice Marshall and soldier under Lafayette naming the village of Paris. I was bom in Fauquier County, Vast years ago, between Markham and Piedmont, the latter now called Delaplane. Rosebank, which is at Markham, was the home of Gen.

Turner father and Turner himself was bom there. It was purchased from Turner mother after his father's death by Edward C. Marshall, a descendant of the Chief Justice. The Ashby family were my relatives. The home of Chief Justice Marshall was called Oak Hill, and it Is still standing between Delaplane and Marshall.

I was there many times in my youth, visiting and attending parties, and a great-granddaughter of the Chief Jus, tice was one of my most intimate friends. I motored over this route three years ago and saw many of the old places, Including both Rosebank and Oak Hill. A great-uncle of mine, Thompson Ashby, was keeping the tavern at Paris when Lafayette stopped there and he himself gave the village Its name. Thompson Ashby was a lieutenant in the Revolutionary War. MRS.

BLANCHE ASHBY LAMBERT. No Pedestrian Safety in Red Lights or Zones To the Editor of The Star: Is it lawful for autos and cabs to run through safety zones? We have always been told that this was not lawful and that the red light meant safety and we could cross while it was on. But It seems that the public must have been misinformed, for a few days since I came within a few inches of being run down crossing directly before my home, 1736 Connecticut avenue northwest, from one platform and on the red light, when an auto came dashing through and almost ran me down. Several people saw this. A poor woman who has to earn her living shortly before this was run down early before dark in another zone) was so badly injured that she was taken to a hospital with a badly Hurt hip from which she is still suffering.

The offender told the policeman he either had to run into her or another automobile. Has it come to this pass, that a human life is worth much less than a thing of iron without feeling? Some times 10 and 15 cars will pass between these safety zones, in a few moments, and when getting off a car it Is impossible to see them running through behind the car. Every one Is talking about this point and we would be glad to know definitely what we are to expect, as to the law upon this point. MADGE I. MCLAUGHLIN.

Better Standards In Government Prom ths Chicago Dally Sir Joslah Stamp, the British economist and financier, in an address before the American Academy of Political Science, expressed the hope that before long the constructive thinkers and business leaders of the world would put as much driving force behind economic questions as they do behind chemistry and physics. In order to do this they must take an active part in public affairs. Why should they not? Those affairs have a direct and important bearing upon business, just as do the discoveries of the experts in physical science. Politicians and holders of public office have much to do and say In regard to economic matters. It would be difficult to take economics out of politics.

The tariff, the reparations question, waterway development, the idea of European federation and many more illustrations of this truth readily come to mind. But the social sciences are not exact. Their conclusions cannot be tested in laboratories. Hence every person has his own notions! and government, economics, international relations. When emotions are excited, one has little respect for expert opinions.

As Macaulay pointed out many years ago and Spencer after him, bias, personal Interest, fear and habit stand in the way of ready recognition of truth in the domain of social relations, whereas in the domain of the exact sciences one encounters few such obstacles or none at all. Discoveries and generalizations make their way largely because their ultimate effects cannot be foreseen or measured. Selfishness and timidity may delay the use of an invention, but cannot long prevent that use. In the social and political sciences the whole situation Is different. Issues are confused; appeals made deliber, ately to prejudice and common; dema; gogues care little for truth, sacrificing everything to ambition, love of power and desire for gain.

Men of science and men of large affairs and sound moral standards are needed to combat these evils by going into politics, taking office and. at the risk of defeat, educating the electorate in essential, if unpopular, truths. Where the leaders are in earnest and have courage and integrity, truth ultimately prevails. Little Difference. rrom the Helena Montana Record-Herald.

It makes little difference to the pedestrian who has been messed up bv an automobile whether the car was a brand-new model or one of the used 1 variety. Work. From the Topeka Dally Capital If they keep arresting A1 Capone, the Chicago gangster. In Florida, he may change his mind about Southern hospitality. Might Croak.

i From the Omaha World-Herald These shoes that are made es trot 1 skins ought at least to ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC 1. RASKIN. This bureau does not give advice, but It gives free Information on any subject. Often to be accurately informed is to be beyond the need of advice, and information is always valuable, whereas adrice may not be. In using this service be sure to write clearly, state your inquiry briefly and inclose 2-oent stamp for reply postage.

Address The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic j. Haskln, director, Washington, D. C. Q. On a hot Summer day does an airplane ride have a cooling H.

J. A. Aside from the motion, there is a second reason which makes an airplane ride cool: For every 1,000 feet ascended there is an actual drop of 3 degrees in temperature. Q. Are there any Negro Jockeys in the big-time races? B.

S. A. Although Negro boys are employed as exercise boys and stable boys at the big race tracks, they are not employed as jockeys. The number has been decreasing rapidly for the last five or six years, and they do not usually ride, even on the smaller race tracks. Q.

Did Lindbergh actually deliver the letters of introduction which he took to W. A. Ambassador Herrick said of this: "When I greeted him he handed me his three letters of introduction with a happy Q. Os the money spent by American tourists, how much is spent in the United A. A.

It has been estimated that American tourists spent $4,000,000,000 in 1929, Os this, about $3,000,000,000 was spent in tourist resorts within the United States, $800,000,000 went to Europe. $350,000,000 to Canada and $24,000,000 to Cuba. Q. Where is the famous Endicott pear tree? How old is L. A.

This tree is at Danvers port, near Danvers, Mass. It was planted in 1632 by Gov. John Endicott on his land there and is still the property of the Endicott family. William Crowningshield Endicott, owner of the tree, believes that it was planted In Gov. garden at Salem even before it was planted at Danvers and that it was brought from a nursery in England in 1630.

The tree bloomed this Spring preparatory to bearing its annual crop of sugar pears. Q. What is the origin of notches in coat B. A. A.

The notch is said to have originated through the rivalry of Gen. Moreau with Napoleon, followers having devised it as a secret badge of their partnership. Q. Who was master of ceremonies at the first S. M.

A. Col. Smith, husband of Abigail Adams Smith, was one. Q. What is meant by the Brattsystem of F.

A. The Brattsystem refers to system of liquor control, organized by Dr. Ivan Bratt. Under its workings Sweden is divided into 121 liquor control districts, with a separate system company to each district, the company having the monopoly of the retail trade in its district. Each of the 121 system companies buys its liquor from a single wholesale system company which has the monopoly of the wholesale business in Sweden.

Q. What is being done to save the Leaning Tower of K. A. A commission of experts has been appointed to check the increasing list of the famous monument. It was found Country Is Unable to Agree On Law Enforcement Board Pew subjects before the country In recent months have brought out so many differing opinions as the controversy over the appropriation for President Law Enforcement Commission.

Supporters of the commission that is headed by Mr. Wickers ham charge that senatorial criticism has been inspired by political opposition. Others, commending ithe achievements of the commission to date, believe that the $250,000 asked should be granted for further work. There are conflicting views, also, as to the suggestions that private contributions be made in the absence of adequate funds from the Treasury, and that the inquiry should be confined to prohibition. The theory that both sides to the controversy are wrong is held by the Milwaukee Journal, whose position is set in the statement: motives in defying the limitations on his Law Enforcement Commission are doubtless good, but when he announces that he will seek private funds to carry on the part of the work the Senate refused to approve, he is setting a precedent which has dangerous possibilities.

The propriety of a President of the United States soliciting funds for any public purpose, other than in behalf of the Red Cross or similar charitable enterprises, is tremely doubtful, for it will always be difficult to divorce from such funds a political In reply to this argument, the Philadelphia Inquirer states: action is not without precedent. An act passed to forbid it during the Roosevelt administration was interpreted by the Attorney General as intended to cover services rendered in an oflicial capacity under regular appointment otherwise permitted by law to be Since the members of the Law Enforcement Commission are serving without salary, this ruling obviously applies to The Inquirer charges policy of harassing the and contends that will be scant sympathy with any attempt to hamper the President by such' picayunish methods of interfering with the work of an important commission appointed by him for a highly useful purpose." hostility to President is seen by the New York Herald Tribune, which maintains that commission was created for the broader purpose of recommending improvements in the whole field of law enforcement. The members of the commission are public-spirited citizens serving without salary. It shows pettiness of mind on the part to refuse to support this work to its conclusion. Its gesture is one largely of futile ill-will." for the public in the opinion of the Chattanooga Times, will agree with Senator Glass that those private individuals who may finance the commission will be foolishly wasting their money, while others will hold with Senator Jones that Congress ought to feel humiliated.

One thing, at least, is clear: Congress has got very much out of the hands of the President. And the action in connec- tion with this commission appropriation may be taken as further indication that Congress is not likely to pay much attention to the report when it is finally The New York Evening Post sees than a tinge of personal spite in this congressional and states that limit the commission is to give it a function half public, half private, is to reduce the value of the costly work already done and to lessen the authority of any verdict or verdicts which It may eventually bring The value of the work done by the commission Is questioned by the Baltimore Sun, with the added comment: all probability the commission is making useful studies in certain fields, but so far little has been advanced save suggestions for greater efficiency in en- forcing laws which millions of people regard as unjust and unworkable. Find- 1 ing in the commission no interest in that aspect of the question, the public i is tired of the commission. It is that fact, over and above senatorial ill nature, which explains the act of 1 1 the commission gives out a quar- ter-million worth of lnforma- i suggests the Port Worth Record- that water, filtering underneath the tower, is responsible for undermining its foundations. A process of strengthening through injections of cement is to be used for the future safety of the tower.

Q. How long is the Potomac P. B. L. A.

It is about 650 miles In length. Who originated the chambermaid or parlormaid comedy X. A. Kitty Clive, who flourished in the early part of the eighteenth century, was famed for depicting such a character. Q.

What is a clerical linen collar W. A. It is called a rabat. Q. Why do sea gulls face the wind when they D.

B. A. They can balance and steer better when flying In that position. Q. Where is the best port in Central America on the Atlantic H.

D. A. The most Important Atlantic port in Central America is Port Barrios, Guatemala. Q. What is catnip M.

A. Catnip is a synonym for catmint. Catmint is an aromatic herb of the mint family of which cats are fond, and which is used as a domestic remedy. being slightly stimulant and tonic. Catnip tea is simply made by steeping catmint leaves in water.

Q. What is the length of time an average popular song holds the public's H. A. E. C.

Mills of the National Broadcasting Co. says the modern popular tune has a life span of 90 days. It is this situation which has given rise to such new methods of distribution as selling phonograph records at the newsstands. Where was eon A. L.

A. An uncle in England reared Thomas Rolfe. 1 Q. How old is Gene T. A.

This popular singer was born June 24. 1900. Q. What do the initials mean when used in connection with L. i A.

They stand for April, July. October and January, meaning that terly interest, or dividends, are payable in those months. Q. How long have we had free public libraries in the United M. E.

V. A. The modem public library, maintained by the municipality or some I other unit of local government from the proceeds of taxation, dates from about 1850, but its real development began in 1876. The earliest tax-supported library is said to have been the town library of Salisbury, es. tabllshed in 1803.

The oldest existing library of this kind is the one at borough, N. established in 1833. Q. In casino, playing a four-handed 1 partnership game, can a partner assist in a build which has already been started, even though he has not the 1 card in his hand to take the i T. T.

A. The rules provide that this may be done. British i Y. The rltish Museum was opened to the public on January 15, 1759. Telegram, American public will feel easily justified in believing In once orc The New York World is convinced that snarl which the appropriation for the work is a natural result of the confusion of its nnHHM The curtailment of funds was virtually denia! of a vote of full confidence No one has been able to give any says the New Orleans item, that the commission has a chance to render greater service in the it has already rendered.

The evidence indicates that it has been an important agency and is likely to continue so. Why, then, spend $250,000 more upon The Birmingham News voices the view that of a financed by private and not by public funds may become legally doudfu Lynchburg Advance offers the criticism, people of the United States are vastly more interested in the dry question than they are in a study of general crime, and had the followed the general purpose for which it was created, the country might have been on the way to a solution of a perplexing the Wickersham commission should be adequately financed in the completion of the work on the broad lines hitherto projected seems a perfectly reasonable states the Springfield Republican, expressing its sympathy the purpose to finance by means of private funds the requirements in program unhampered by the limitations which the Senate would impose on The Louisville Times comments: results of the work may be or may not be worth the outlay, or worth a farthing. But why investigate one form of crime The Asheville Times itself in sympathy, speaking in general, with the defense of his commlsbut adds, must be confessed that it is not difficult to understand the impatience that marks the criticisms. in the Senate and elsewhere, of the law necessarily slow the commission has according to the Erie Dispatch- Herald, huge task of investigating the whole subject of law obedience and enforcement, with special reference to the prohibition problem, it should go through with it. The commission has accomplished something substantial, giving hope of a final constructive Parents Responsible For July 4 Injuries To the Editor of The Stsr: May I suggest that you call to the attention of your readers: 1.

The in 30 has cost U. S. A. morq. lives than tho war that made its celebration worth while.

2. Parents never expect their children will be the sufferers. 3. It is the direct responsibility if they are hurt. 4.

Powder injuries are peculiarly subject to infection. 5. a reason why fireworks must be there is still a big work to be done by the people of the suburbs. H. SCHREIDER.

Move to Check Sale of Fireworks in Maryland To the Editor of The Star: The Decatur Heights Citizens' Asso- elation wishes to commend your editorial Barrage which appeared in the issue of The Star of July 1, 1930. This association by a unanimous vote has passed a resolution favoring the restriction of the sale of fireworks in the State of Maryland in conformity with the rules the sale in the District Columbia. GERTRUDE BICKNKLL, Secretary;.