The Birmingham News from Birmingham, Alabama • 34

FHE BIRMINGHAM NEWS. I P. U'NP HAM SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1914 INFANTILE PARALYSIS SUB JECTOFBULLETIN Disease Involves Central Nervous System, the Brain and Spinal Cord, War Makes Belgians, French and English As One People SIX is loss of both motion and sensation. The distribution of these degenerations varies. Sometimes it Is confined to small areas of the cord: others to very large arcus, even extending Into the brain.

"Again, these areas are small and scattered, while In others there are contm- uous Involving the whole front of the cord, even on into the brain. In some cases, the whole cord and brain Is Involved, including their membrane covering. Hence, the symptoms, signs and te-sults depend upon the location and extent of the disease. Cause, "The disease prevails epidemically, o-may be confined to a single It lot a very prevalent case. It neons mostly in the Summer ami I-all inouLhs.

The vast majority Is among children under five years. The germ that products it has not been identified. Therefore, we lull back upon a "virus." In those ut-lected with the disease, the virus is found In the brain and spinal cord, the blood and secretions from the nose and throat. This Is proved by lnnoculatlng these Into monkeys, and from monkey to monkey. Mods of Transmission.

"This is not definitely known. A number of theories are advanced based on experiment and observation. One of these la direct transmission from person to prison through the nasal and throat discharges. It Is also thought that some are thus Infected and become carriers, uo not themselves have It, but transmit it to others. Another theory is through the instrumentality of the stable fly (not the house fly, although it breeds in stables).

"Richardson, Roseneau and Brues have proven that the disease has been communicated from monkey to monkey by the stable fly. which bites a diseased monkey and then biteB a healthy monkey. This Is plausible, as the virus of tills disease is found in tho blood it has been maintained also that the disease is air borne, being carried in dust. The opinion is hold by some of tile best writers and experimenters, especially In Massachusetts, that the stable fly conveys tile disease and it Is not contagious. "Bowel discharges are also thought capable of conveying the dlease.

While the specific germ is not known, the manner of its discharge from the body and Its inode of entrance are uncertain, it is safest to accept all the theories as possibly true, to-wiL through the nasal and throat discharges, the bite of the stable fly, and the inhalation of Infected dust, not forgetting lie possibility of the carrier. Prevention. "Fortunately, the disease is not very prevalent. From 1905 to 1909 there were only 6,514 cases In the United States. The disease is most prevalent in the northern purts of Europe and the United States.

It docs not seem to be a disease of large centers of population, nor are there epidemics in' schools, etc. It has been made a reportable disease by the health authorities. Complete isolation, disinfection of nose and throat discharges, screening against Insects, and the disinfection of the nose and throab of those wlm come in contact witli the disease, Preventive measures, like the mode of transmission, are largely theoretical. "In next bulletin insect borne diseases will be discussed. BULLETIN NO.

15 INFANTILE PARALYSIS. BY DR. R. M. CUNNINGHAM, City Health Officer.

This Ib an Infectious disease involving the central nervous system the brain and the spinal cord. There are two kinds of structural material In the central nervous system the white and the Kray. The white consist of numberless fibres, and the gray of multitudes of cells. In the brain, the gray matter Is on the surface; In the cord, the white matter Is on the surface. "The gray matter consists of cells.

Attached to the cells are several very small thread- like processes one of which Is longer than all the reBt. These cells are found In both the brain and spinal cord. Those In the brain communicate with those In the cord, and those in the cord communicate through their thread-like processes with the muscles. These are the nerve cells and fibres that make the muscles acL Those that enable sensation run in the opposite direction. "Now, In order that there may be motion or sensation there must be continuity of the cells and fibres of motion, and of the fibres and cells of sensation.

To illustrate: The central telephone exchange In Birmingham we will call the brain cells. These communicate through wires with the telephone exchange in Montgomery, which we will call the cells In the spinal cord. There the message is received by the Montgomery exchange and transmitted through wires to Mobile. Now, if there Is anything wrong with Birmingham exchange, the message cannot start; If the wires are cut It cannot reach Montgomery; if Montgomery exchange Is wrong It cannot be received nor transferred to the wires that go to Mobile exchange, and If these Mobile wires or exchange is wrong they cannot be transmitted or received. There must be continuity of the entire apparatus.

Impulses Prom Brain. "Motion impulses are sent from the brain. if the cells In the brain, the fibres that lend from them Into the cord, the cells in the cord or the fibres that lead from them to the muscles, or If the muscles themselves are wrong then no motion takes place. "Thus the chain Is brain cell, fibre, cord cell, fibre and muscle. Break this chain anywhere and there Is no motion.

These messages are from within (the brain) out. Sensation Is from without In (from skin to brain), and the cell and fibre continuity must be unbroken, and while the arrangement of cells and fibre differ, the mechanism Is practically the same, und a message suit from Mobile to Birmingham through different exchanges and wires will Illustrate It. The cells and fibres that operate to communicate motion are In the front part of the cord, and the cells und fibres that conduct sensation are In the back part of the cord. Paralysis la Degeneration. Infantile paralysis is Inflammation and degeneration of the nerve cells In the front part of the spinal cord.

If the Inflammation subsides without degeneration there is no paralysis; If there is degeneration the paralysis Is permanent, and is, therefore, incurable. If both the front and rear cells are Involved there Birmingham, Motion Picture Theatre Beautiful Something Good Every Day Programme for This Week MONDAY 3 Reels. Admission 5c Bungling Bunk's Bunco" Comedy in 3 Parts A Perfect Scream Full of Fast, Furious Action. A Wild Animal Feature, THE CAST Ezra Bunks W. K.

Seymour Lillian Marston William Wiggins A Persian Princess Countess Do llerstlna Her Father Chas. E. Bunnell TUESDAY 4 Reels. Admission 5c The Return Twin's Double Featuring Francis Ford and Grace Cunartl. A Masterpiece of Mystery.

A Double Exposure Picture by 101 Bison Co. Oh, Whats the Use Joker Comedy With Max Asher. Louise Tazenda and Bob Vernon. WEDNESDAY 5 Reels. Admission 5c The Last Volunteer" A Splendid American Drama In 5 Parts.

An Intensely Human, Patriotic Drama. THURSDAY 4 Reels. Admission 5c Boy 11-Reel Drama of the Underworld, with Alec Francis and C. Jackson. Little Meg and I From the Poem by C.

T. Murphy. Featuring J. Warren Kerrigan. Universal Ike in Ike, Nearly Gets Married" Comedy SATURDAY 3 Reels.

Admission 5c Detective Swift" In 3 Parts Featuring John J. McGraw, the Famous Manager of the New York Giants In the Title Role. Little Matty, the Universal Boy, in The Juvenile Reformer The war In Europe has in the course of a few weeks made the people of Belgium, France and England as one people. Everywhere the flags of these nations are intertwined, and only the barrier of language holds them apart. One of the accompanying pictures shot's a French girl carrying the French col ora walking arm in arm through Dijon with a Belgian youth tarrying the Bci i-thin colors and tho Legion of Honor of Liege.

Tile other photo shows the Coldstream guards, the crack infantrymen of Ureal Britain, passing through Hyde Park in heavy marching order, on their way to join the armies of France and Belgium. UMME fTl TOW Rummer in the city Oeenilny, Its hot! (Those resort banditti Would take all Ive got!) Soot and noise and labor. Want and woe arid crime Iu jou like It. neighbor? Hood old Summertime! The conductor of a train on a Maine railroad says on one rar he had a permanent commuter In tiic form of a full of robins. The mother robin raised her young without any difficulty, and knew enough not to fly away after food except when the car was stalled In uo yards.

During the last Winter the revenue steumer Woodbury, built fifty years Hgo and tile oldest In the service. cruised an old pensioner whose breast was covered with medals. Alick gazed at him and the medals long and earnestly and at lust said to his mother: Mama, why does that man year money on his coat? Wont they let him have pockets 5.51k. 1 nautical miles, for a total of ninety-one days, and assisted vessels valued at S144.77U. It was laid up only oner, when it was crushed by an ice floe.

Little Altck was in the train the other day and in the seat opposite to him was WHAT NEGROES ARE DOING HORSE RACES 50 BIG EVENTS BY HORACE D. SLATTER. MOTORCYCLE RACES 19 BIG EVENTS' TWO NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIPS RUNNING AND HARNESS RACES $10,300 IN CASH PURSES NO RACE LESS THAN 90 MILES AN HOUR. BEST HORSES OFF THE GRAND CIRCUIT BEST MILE TRACK IN THE SOUTH 18 BIG FREE ACTS OUTCLASSES ANY VAUDEVILLE- SHOW SCOTCH HIGHLANDERS BAND 45 MUSICIANS OPERA SINGERS COWBOYS INDIANS dustrlal High School, beginning under lie direction of A. H.

Parker. The schools will begin their annual session September 11. Toggle Institute lias announced its opening date to he September H), the same day St. Marks Academy will resume its work. Dr.

A. P. Camphor, Principal of Central Alabama Academy, bus not returned to the city from some Northern Chautauqua engagements, but it is understood the school will begin its work September 3(1. To Confer on Political Rights. Bishop J.

V. Allstork, of the Alabama member of the National Equal Rights League, which will hold its annual meeting in Now Yolk City, 1ms issued an appeal to Alabamians who are interested in the meeting to attend. The motive of the organization, according to Bishop Al-stork, is to secure national organization for the dofensc of negro rights ami liberties. The meeting tvili be held In ttie new Bethel A. M.

K. Church, New York City, September 7, 8 and 9. Wright to Speak. Just prior to the departure of the Alabama Odd Fellows to Boston to attend the biennial movable committee of the Gram United Order of Odd Fellows, the Supreme Lodge, of the Order, Birmingham members of the oilier will be addressed by John G. Wright, of Tuscaloosa, the Grand Master of the Alabama District Grand Lodge.

It is to be a love feast, a kind of get-together meeting, and will have no bearing upon the political Ride of the forthcoming supreme session. Dr. J. S. Jackson will preside.

The meeting will he held in the odd Fellows' Hall, Second Avenue and Fifteenth Street, Monday night. Negro Department at Fair. G. W. A.

Johnston, Secretary of the Negro Department of tho Alabama Stale Fair, 1ms been hard at work interesting the colored people throughout the State in the special exhibit to be made by members of tho race during the Fair. Tile book of premiums has been issued, and will be Interesting to prospective exhibitors. Besides these, contests have been arranged for the most popular minister, business man, teacher ami woman, and several noteworthy attractions especially appealing to negroes will be staged, due of these will be the appearance of the Tuskegee Institute Hand, which with the Tuggle Institute Band will furnish music on Negro Day, and also present a sacred eoncert Sunday afternoon following the fair. It has been promised definitely by the fair management that all the exhibits and attractions will remain in the Fair Grounds and In place throughout the day, thus removing one ground of complaint which the colored people have had against Negro Day. SIGNS.

IEaincrow hollerin' in do tree. bo wuz in pain: Hes jes prayin yesslrree! Ulammerhi for rain! Tree frog conkin' on de limb, guys hits gwlne ter shower, F.f yn' listen now ter him, Rain como lu a hour! Chickens hunt do shade an squawk. Doodle bugs come out. Martens fight de sparrer hawk. Km in? Well, suh, hit mout! The remarkable success of tho District Conference of the Colored Methodist Episcopal Church, held last week at the Princeton C.

M. K. Churcn, is very much to the credit of the Presid-ingElder, Rev. W. J.

Turner, who Caine to the district in the middle of the conference year, when things were torn bv internal differences. The fact that Miles College is located in Birmingham, und that the storm hail centered around that institution fur several years, made the Birmingham District appear to be more seriously divided than any other district In the State. The Colored Methodist Episcopal Church has no more loyal and faithful members anywhere than can he found right here in Birmingham, and it has required just such a faithful, energetic and careful leader ns Lir. Turner to bring harmony and peace where all was confusion anil discord. Jle has successfully steered clear of factional differences and has always counseled his people as they should go.

Once again they are united and working hard for the upbuilding of the Institution and for all the other benevolent causes of the church. In round numbers, $G00 was contributed at the conference for education alone, and the other benevolences were re-memberd proportionately. During the whole week of the conference, there was no reference to former conditions, and one not conversant with the situation would never have known that only a few short months ago tho Church was greatly confused. In his addresses and talks during the conference, the Presiding Klder pleaded for co-operation and unanimity, declaring In his opening address particularly, that the problems confronting the negro people now were too serious and momentous to be set aside for frivolous differences. The conference was a veritable love feast, and from the excellent spirit manifested, great good for the Immediate future of flic church and school in this district Is promised.

Tuskegee Octette Pleases. No more pleasing program has ever been presented before an audience of negroes In this city than the one Wednesday night by the Tuskgece Octette, returning from a six months engagement in the North and Hast on the Pennsylvania Chautauqua circuit. Under the leadership of Alvin J. Neeley, the young men who are students of Tuskegee Institute have sung their way through the North snd East and have received, according to the critics, favorable and enthusiastic greetings as they have made the plaintive old negro music for thousands. The Birmingham audience, in which there were many white people, was Just ns enthusiastic as any Northern audience could have been, and the whole lengthy program was enjoyed thoroughly.

Assisting the octette, Alice Simmons, Director of Instrumental Music id Tuskegee, played a solo; Julia Kennedy VVllkerson, soprano, und tlussle Rue Harris, a reciter, were warmly applauded. The octette stopped In Birmingham fn route to Tuskegee, under the auspices of the Tuskegee Club, of which Edward I-. Snyder Is President. The proceeds of the affair were used to pay for an art window In the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church, which the Tuskegee Club is giving in honor of Hooker T. Washington.

Fisher W.n Great Prize. Isaac Fisher, a Birmingham logro, who now is editor of The Negro Farmer, published at Tuskegee institute, and who will he remembered as having won several prizes lately, (ms again distinguished himself, this time winning first prize in a contest offered by Eve-vbodys Magazine, on the subject, What Weve Learned About Itum. The prize was $500 and was obtained over 9,000 contestants, one of whom was Congressman Richmond V. Hobson, of Alabama. The editors declare In a statement that while some aril les offered were more scientifically arranged, and other showed greater literary style, Fishers was the only one that covered all phases of the subject and offered remarkably sane suggestions.

Negro Schools to Open. Preceding the opening of the city schools by one week, the City Tearh-trs' Institute will be held at the Tn- BEST POULTRY SHOW in DIXIE Is a Living Monument to the Fact That the State Does Not Need Europe or Any Other Country, State, Province or Principality Take Care of Her To Birminghams Best Ventilated Motion Picture Theatre Programme for This Week MONDAY 4 Reels. Admission 5c The Derelict and the Man A 2-Reel Victor Feature Drama with Irene Wallace and Walter Miller. Full of Gripping Heart Interest. A Baby Did It Comedy A Farce by Al.

E. Christie. Featuring Eddie Lyons, Victoria Ford and Lee Moran. A Veritable Scream, The Storm Bird Drama with Edna Maison and Ray Gallagher. TUESDAY 3 Reels.

Admission 5c The Midnight Strike" A Thrilling Feature of Exciting Action with a Story of Powerful Appeal. WEDNESDAY 4 Reels. Admission 5c The Silent Valley 2-Reel Drama Featuring King Baggot and Arltne Pretty. A Melodrama in 2 Acts From the Story by George E. Hall.

One of the Best Picture Stories Shown In Birmingham. The Broken Doll" Comedy Featuring Little Billy Jacobs. A Playlet by Kids. Of Interest to Children. "Animated Weekly, Showing Current Events of the Past Week.

Featuring Many Events df Vital Interest From the European War Zone. THURSDAY 3 Reels. Admission 5c The Brand of Bars" In 3 Parte A Thrilling Drama Showing the Adventures and Romance of an Ex-Convict. A Western Tlcture. Among the Apache Indians.

FRIDAY 3 Reels. Admission 5c SEA VENTURE. Third Installment of The Trey Heart Read tho Story of This Picture in Today's News. SATURDAY 3 Reels. Admission 5c A 3-Reel Drama Feature of the Warner Co.

This picture is not yet ready for announcement, but we can assure you of something good. MARVELOUS IDEAS IN WOMANS DEPARTMENT TWICE EVERY DAY 25 SHOWS ON MIDWAY BIGGEST BABY SHOW OF ANY STATE FAIR PAIN'S GREAT PANAMA CANAL" September 28 I got twinges In my lalgs, Dey Is hurtin slio! FeetH feel lak a pair o' kalgs, 1 kulnt swing no hoe! Yesslr. lilt'll rain fo long, lie, ih dat ole win swish? Sign de bullheads bltiiT strong l.e's got ketch some flRh! London, which has never yjt had an ambulance, has at last ordered six of them, and expects them to do all the work for the entire city. In case of past accidents the policemen have had to ciiminamlcer the nearest wagon, depending on the generosity of the driver, as they were not able to offer him LOW RATES ON ALL RAIL ROADS to October 10 The Bible is now printed In six hundred languages und dialects, and every year from eight to ten new languages or dialects aie added to the list. It Is not known how many dinlerts are spoken on earth, but It is estimated that seven out of every ten of tho human population have had provided for them the gospel story In their own tongue..