The Salt Lake Tribune from Salt Lake City, Utah • 20

1 I 1 "'rt! 7-l Sword in the Stone The Public Forum 9 ht Salt ale fibune By Our Readers Saturday Morning, May 23, 1964 Page 20 r. Schoolroom Farce I pie and the public generally. Editor, Tribune: At the UEA It fa wise when any proles-House of Delegates meeting any professional group sanctions acts which be illegal jiWliat Big EarsYou Have, Big Brother Foreign diplomats assigned to Commu-t nist countries assume that their every move Is closely watched and that electronic eavesdropping devices are likely to be found In their homes and offices. As a consequence, they take the greatest possible precautions. Recent discoveries in the American embassy In Moscow indicate that the Soviet Union has outdone itself.

A network of microphones was found in the ay's apparently placed there 11 years ago while the building was under construction. spections failed to disclose the "bugs." Moscows duplicity was uncovered only after one room was demolished by a wrecking crew. However, the embassy was obviously suspicious since special rooms-within-rooms had been set up for private conversations. Whydid the United States wait so long before acting? No explanation was given. Nor was there any indication of the kind of information the Russians may have picked up.

Josef Stalin may have had a hand in the bugging." At least it was he who ordered the embassy to move to its present site. The embassy used to be located on a street directly across from the Kremlin. -So were the British and Indian embassies. Then in July, 1952, Stalin ordered all. three buildings vacated.

He did not want foreign diplomats living in the heart of Moscow. U.S. security experts were pleased with the proposed move. WASHINGTON, in making the an-' nouncement, said dozens of electronic in- Good Beginning Noted They regarded the old embassy, originally built to house artists studios, as a highly risky place. In this era of so much criticism of public officials and lawmakers, the members of the 34th and 35th Utah Legislatures must have been surprised this week to be on the receiving end of expressions of praise and gratitude.

Specifically, they were honored at an annual mental health luncheon for the Legislatures contribution to bringing Utah in step with other advanced states." Hosts were the officers of the Utah Association for Mental Health. They expressed appreciation for legislation in 1961 and 1963 which launched a coordinated program, with matching funds from several levels of government, for treating emotional illnesses. A half -finished apartment house was remodeled for the new- emrassy, with every possible security device being incorporated. But Soviet workmen did the job and included a few improvements of their own. Since all is fair In love, war and diplomacy, the bugging of the embassy comes as no surprise.

Joseph AIsop Illogical Rules Help Reds in Yiet Nam IT IS SOMEWHAT surprising, however, that Washington takes the affair so calmly. The U.S. ambassador simply delivered a strong note of protest. In contrast, a few years ago Henry Cabot Lodge, then U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, made a great propaganda show of a microphone discovered inside a huge wooden eagle at the embassy.

Perhaps Washington does not want to say too much publicly at this time. It is reported that the tip which led to the latest discovery may have -come from a. Soviet secret police agent who defected last year. It is also possible the United States is engaged in similar electronic listening. At any rate, the Russians have been checked, though not checkmated.

And eternal vigilance is still the rule for dealing with them. The Mental Health Act, called by some the crazy bill, was passed over strong, vocal opposition, but it has proved an effective beginning of battle against what the late President Kennedy called the epun trys No. 1 health problem. Reports of the mental health division of the State Health Department describe the services of 15 community mental health centers currently operating in 29 Utah counties. The $198,557 outlay at the clinics paid for services that would have cost $257,810 if obtained from private sources, the reports, said.

Dr. Wilford Hi-gashimachi, consulting psychologist, said that 4,900 patients and their families underwent 11,587 professional interviews at the clinics during the 1963 fiscal year. The taxpayer is getting a bargain in the services of the mental health program, he stressed. Much still needs to be done, but the program of bringing treatment facilities to mentally-disturbed people in Utah is indeed worthy of public attention. post of file war, has therefore been wholly inviolate hitherto and this although the North Vietnamese Communists have flagrantly broken every promise of file Geneva, treaties of 1951 and 1962.

Yet, North Viet Nam is both fragile and supremely vulnerable. NORTH YIET Nam is fragile because no Communist regime, with flie possible exception of the Chinese, has exposed its people to such a king ordeal of wretchedness and near-famine. It is a non-viable state in the best of circumstances, and conditions there have not been improved, to put it mildly, by file combination of Socialist agriculture and Communist military-industrial policies. The mood of the masses must be at least as dangerous as file mood of the million Russians who spontaneously flocked to join Adolf Hitler's armies before Hitler threw away his one real advantage in Russia by ordering a policy of frightfulness. As to North Viet Nams vulnerability, this derives from its economy and its geographical position.

By mining the Max Lemer J. Cecil Alter Potomac Fever By Jack Wilson may or unlawful. HAROLD D. ROBINS, Provo, Utah. Tbe Facts Needed Editor, Tribune: Until there is a clear picture of the problems involved in financing the recommendations of the School Study Comitutipe, a flat refusal to consider ways of implementing these suggestions gives parents and citizens no opportunity to assume, our proper responsibility.

Unfortunately, we have failed to do our best to give our children, who are the human resources of our state, fiie basic equipment fifoy need to enter life- and be able to-compete in this highly techni- Forum Rules Utton in welnm bat ta pabltiM they ast ba sab. asltW nrlnivtly ta Tba Trib-aaa ut bnr writers carreet asar n4 ritini Nun ara withheld If imperative bat pref-ereaee Is gives slgaed letters 4 these set aver IN wards, letters ara sabjeet ta raadea-aatiea wbea apaea limitations nt'in It. cal, complex age in which we live. There are many people in this state who are eminent, ly well qualified to examine and explore fiie many possibilities of financing the rising cost of education. Not only can they explore the possibilities, but also they can provide the public officials and private citizens of this state with a dear-picture of the kind of limitations, if any, that stand in the way of achieving the desired level of education for our children.

If the governor informed the public of the alternatives, of what can or cannot be done, we the citizens of Utah could move one step closer to becoming an involved, well-informed citizenry. ROBERT J. EPLEY Be Constructive! Editor, Tribune: Regretfully, the fundamental questions of Utah school finances, teacher pay and the quality of education have been obscured by The Tribune editorial of May 19. Why inter-, pret fiie educators protest against Governor Clydes indefensible, untenable position as a power No one questions who runs the schools. Why echo the governors claim that law and order was at stake? The simple truth of the matter is that the educators are devoted to serving a noble calling and request assistance in order to serve moreeffect-tively.

Cant we all unite to -fulfill such an objective? Even when I feel one of my childrens teachers is not adequate I refuse to criticize the teacher in my childrens presence. Such negativism orily makes the process of acquiring an education more difficult for fiie child. When may we expect a more constructive, helpful editorial comment on the school issue? MELVIN J. OGDEN Lesser Dogmatist Editor, Tribune: Your editorials regarding the education crisis place you among the lesser dogmatists, insisting upon the orthodoxy of your own conceptions and interpretations. The teachers of this state have bargained in good faith and they have acted honorably in the matter.

PoliticaHy-powerful stupidity will not solve their problem, which is the problem of every citizen of this state! If The Tribune is to be more than a pretense at sounding public opinion, why not present the issues squarely, with equality of opportunity so that voters can be informed rather than inflamed LEWIS L. PARKER, J). Supports Clyde Stand Editor, Tribune: I should like John C. Evans and the UEA to know they do not have complete public support I and many of my acquaint- ances have frit that Governor Clyde has been right on this-issue all along. Why call a special session of the Utah Legislature to appropriate six million dollars you havent got? I believe Mr.

Evans and associates have shown them-SeePageM Column! SmaU World Taking Stock May 16, it was made abundantly dear that educators woe not trying to punish nor to deprive them from a Complete school year. They had no intention of defying the states boards of education. Educators were, in fact, demonstrating a unified determination to upgrade the total program and increase the opportunities for the optimum development of Utahs youth. It was not a strike. It was not even a boycott in the usual sense of the word, for in the same motion to recess was an open and honest avowal to return to school and make up the foist days at the local boards options.

UEAs record of dedicated service toward schools should have bear sufficient testimonial of its honor in this move, yet the school boards chose to take the derision not as. a protest against the governor but as an attempted resorption of their powers. Then they ran scared to stamp out this threat Local school boards had it in their power to accept the assembly's derision at its face value, then change their calendars to conform to the recess. By doing so, they would have provided a full 180 days of school for their charges under proficient teachers. By opening schools to volunteer faculties, and even to unsupervised classes, by knowingly and willfully exposing minor children to wholesale trivialities and riotous disturbances is to prove beyond doubt that boards of education are more concerned with exercising arbitrary power than In furthering education, or even protecting their children from acts of vandalism and danger.

School boards, not incited the controversy and parents who stepped into the classroom to carry on" could have more profitably diverted their efforts to dissuading the boards from continuing the farce. DELTA RJ J). Find the Informers Editor, Tribune: Why all the UEA fuss over a worthless scrap of paper? The riublic admission of Mr. John cl Evans, speaking for and to the UEA, that be had been kept constantly informed by friends on the progress being made by the Governors Committee of Education immediately branded the report as a worthless scrap of paper, in my humble opinion. Mr.

Evans' admission also plainly implied fiiat each and every member of the committee could have been the informer and betrayer of his or her sacred trust Mr. Evans also declared that Governor Clyde also had been so informed, which charges the governor vigorously and categorically denied. It seems to me that in order to vindicate the integrity and sacred honor of the individual members of his committee that Governor Clyde is duty bound to immediately file libel charges against Mr. Evans and let Mr. Evans testify undo-oath before the court just what person or persons kept him so informed on the committees work in making up their report Most certainly the members of the committee are entitled to have their names cleared and the names of guilty persons brought to fight JESSE CLARK Regrettable Action Editor, Tribune: The school crisis is not an issue over this years contract, or basically one between teachers and local school boards.

Yet the teachers appear to have violated a legal contract and have by example taught their students disrespect for law and complete disregard of personal performance, even when accompanied by signed contract I believe this action la contrary to the law, to the moral code, and to the mores of every society. It does not represent professional conduct by an ethical section of society. The "recess action will have serious impact upon various segments of our society. Fbr the public generally, the action by the teachers makes the issue more emotional and less rational, probably prolongs the problem, probably assures an Inadequate solution, probahly renders correct-tive legislation unobtainable, and disgusts the people with the standard and behavior of file teaching profession. It would appear that the teachers of Utah can best preserve their economic and standing as a profession by removing present UEA leadership, and replacing it with people of more sound judgment and greater wisdom in dealing with peo- WASHINGTON Sen.

Margaret Chase says she may go to Saigon to see for herself. She says you cant trust anything anybody tells you now that everybodys running for President For Castros information, wed be a lot more willing to sell him a few bottles of aspirin if hed take the commercials too. In the 39 years J. Cecil Alter served with the UJS. Weather Bureau in Salt Lake City, he won a firm place in the affections of the people of his adopted state.

His death in Los Angeles this week at the age of 85 will be mourned by hundreds of friends and former associates. Mr. Alter had a delightful personality. As weatherman, his name was almost a household word, and Peanut Pietro, a popular columnist on the old Salt Lake Telegram at times would plead, 0 Mr. J.

Cecil, alter the weather! Mr. Alter was deeply interested in Utah and its past. He was an honorary and life member of the Utah Historical Society, served on its board of control for 25 years and also edited the societys Quarterly for a time. His biography of Jim Bridger, published in 1925 and twice revised, is considered a classic and his book, Early Utah Journalism is unique in its field. Mr.

Alter was transferred to the Cincinnati weather bureau in 1941 and, on his retirement eight years later, moved to southern California. J. Cecil Alter lived a long and useful life. He was an outstanding citizen, a fine public servant, a scholar and a A War of Nerves on Castro Nothing seems to hurt LBJs popularity. It looks as though everybody will vote for him but the sourpusses.

The GOPs only chance is to move the election to a Monday morning. The Agriculture Department wants to begin studies to develop non-chemical pest controls. You dont need studies. You need a rolled-up newspaper and good reflexes. oNG KONG As long ago as last February, when intelligence first began to indicate serious deterioration of the situation in Viet Nam, ashington policy makers were already saying this may be President Johnson' Cuba.

They could not have been more right The United States world position will simply come apart at the seams If the President ducks the challenges in Viet Nam, just as our world position would have come, apart at the seams if President Kennedy had docked the challenge of the Soviet missiles in Cuba. The challenge ha. Yiet Nam is the threat of a decisive Comments! victory there threat that is new growing all the time. A Communist victory will also be a gigantic American failure; and just as nothing succeeds like success, it is also a rule of history that nothing fails like failure. Hence, the unavoidable consequences of such a gigantic failure may be listed as follows: First, the whole of Southeast Asia will become an area of predominant Chinese Cbmmu-nist influence.

Some states, like Laos, Viet Nam and probably Cambodia, wifi be formally incorporated into the Communist bloc, Chinese department Others, like Thailand, will seek to save themselves by neutralism, though with little hope of success in the long run. Others, like Malaysia, will swiftly founder with ugly though not precisely predictable results. Second, and perhaps mere serious, Japan will move toward neutralism; the Philippines will go further than Japan; South Korea will be convulsed, and Taiwan may well be destroyed. The American traas-Parif-le bases, aa Okinawa, at Subig Bay aad chew he re, win be lost ia the process. In sum, the United States will be forced out of business as a Pacific power, while the area of effective Cbmmunist power win be extended in a great south-thrusting wedge toward the sea frontiers of Australia.

After such a catastrophe, no sane man would bet a nickel on the future of the present regime in India, or would expect eventual stabilization in Africa. Even the American position as an Atlantic power will be gravely undermined. For this kind of staggering failure on (me side of file globe never passes unnoticed on the other side. The reason we are threatened with such a disatfer is our continuing acceptance, following the precedent first set by President Eisenhower, of illogical rules for the Vietnamese war. IN BOTH Viet Nam tad Laos, the rules permit the enemy to push in any number of men he pleases and to do any amount of damage be can manage on our side of the line; while we are not permitted to do as much as hJow up a backhouse on the enemys side of the line.

Cbmmunist North Viet Kara, the enemy base and command ports and using airpower to take out a small number of road and rail lines from China, the country can be physically blockaded. A phased air effort can then progressively destroy the military installations, the infernal communications system, industry and even file irrigation. The parallel with the Korean War, which no often beard, is almost wholly misleading. Without landing American ground forces, it should certainly be possible to inflict enough damage on North Viet Nam to persuade Ho Chib Minh and his colleagues to abide by the Geneva treaties. Treaty observance by Ho Chib Minh which means calling back all the North Vietnamese troops in Laos and calling off the attack on South Viet Nam ought to be the sole American objective.

If this is the American objective, rather than the destruction of the North Vietnamese state. Ho Chih Minhs choice ought to be dear enough. That leaves one very big question the roles that might be played in such a crisis by China and the Soviet Union. ican recognition of it, helps the dissociation. Yet the American stake in the new phase is Very great One hopes flat file CIA has learned some of the hard lessons of the Bay of Pigs, and is a very much chastened outfit There is no question now of mounting another invasion, large or small, which would only play into Castros hands and unify Cuba behind hitn-The current phase has been described by Manuel Ray as one of creating a revolutionary climate by small landings and infiltrations into the silent opposition in Cuba, which will give that opposition hope and leadership.

But We must fllsflngnkh between a revolutionary climate and what baa been classically known ns a revolutionary situation. The materials for the climate willingness to think about revolt are there: the desperate economic situation, described as such in every objective analysis of the Cuban economy that I have read, despite the large-scale aid from Russia; a shabby record in agriculture, after incredible bungling in planning decisions; the belt-tightening and hardships; the failure of Castros too obvious efforts to woo America and persuade it to abandon the boycott; the tightening of the political situation in -Latin America, especially the change in Brazil; the sense of a revolution betrayed that an unknown number of Cubans still have about Castro. THE MATERIALS are there and the climate can be created out of them, if the infiltrators have skill and courage and will, as I am sure they do. But in Lenins terms a revolutionary situation" will not exist until the Communist rulers of Cuba are no longer able to rule, and the best of the young Cuban manhood is unwilling to be ruled. That will take time and anguish and blood.

But it is not impossible. Diagnosis: When you see a man come out of an Italian restaurant with red spots on his shirt thats spaghetti backlash. 200 Million Latin American Peasants Anthropologist Reveals the Potential Yet, as Lewis notes, the revolutioa has not done all it promised. Pedra Martinet: A Mexican Peasant and His Family. By Oscar Lewis.

Random House, New York. $8.75. The lot of the people is better; the landlords are no longer oppressors; public education has been vastly expanded. But the distribution of wealth has favored the upper brackets while the great majority still live in poverty. Immediately after the revolution, Pedro and other peasants, participated intensively in community affairs; today, his educated children and grandchildren are on the outside.

Anthropologist Oscar Lewis has now supplemented The Children of Sanchez, a study of Mexican slum dwellers, with a similar study of Mexican peasantry. The first book was magnificent The sequel is not quite that good; at least it is not as effective in promoting understanding. Perhaps the simple peasant is really more complex than the With the landings of anti-Castro infiltrators in Cuba those accomplished and those still to come a new phase begins ia the straggle to regain for freedom fiie Soviet beachhead in the Caribbean. At least three groups are involved the volutionary a a headed by Manuel Ray, the Movement Mr. Lemer of Revolutionary Recovery beaded by Manuel Artime, and a mixed group beaded by El-oy Guttierrez Menoya.

I dont fed. as do some other anti-Castro Americans, that we must decide at fids moment which of these three will give a liberated Cuba the best new regime. That decision will have to be made not in the United States but by the Cuban people, and it lies very far ahead. ALTHOUGH I happen to Eke the social thinking of Manuel Ray, and am impressed by the support that Latin American radical democrats like Munoz Marin and Betancourt are giving him, I fed that the current competition between the groups is a healthy one. It shows that' the opposition to Castro by exile Cubans is not narrow and sectarian but covers the whole spectrum of thinking, from liberal capitalism to left socialism.

What fits flia groups to-gdber not social dogma but a puma for freedom. I dont know bow much connection, if any, the CIA has with any of these landings and infiltrations. But the State Department is being very careful to maintain a hands-off policy, and to emphasize that these are Cuban groups, with their own strategies and support, suffering their own dangers for their own stakes of freedom and nationalism. THE ABSENCE of a gov-eranentin-exile, and of Amer It is also difficult to believe that any peasant could speak with such eloquence. For this is a first person account of the lives of Pedro Martinez and two members of his family, down on tape recorder, then translated into English by Lewis.

Somewhere in the process, transmutation seems to have taken the place of translation. PEDRO FOUGHT In the revolution under Emiliano Zapata. He was dedicated to his chief, of whose murder he says, It was as if they had killed my own father. Pedro did not fight all through the revolution, however. When he had had enough, he came He appears to be a self-contained man whose allegiances are transitory.

Only the family the village exerts a real hold on him. The revolution, though important; was not the most compelling force in his life. The real Pedro does not emerge from Pedros words or from the words of his wife and son. But peasant life village life is strikingly clear. And Lewis book excels in depicting this life.

We sometimes forget," Lewis writes, that a large portion of the 200 millions of people in Latin America are peasants, a great many of them of Indian background. It is these very people who will have to be understood and readied if programs of social and economic improvement, induding those of the Alliance for Progress, are to be successful. YET THE STORY, no matter who gets Credit for its organization, is fascinating and enlightening. Lewis shows, as he intended, what it means to be a peasant in a nation tindergoing rapid cultural change." Indeed, change of every kind has been the rule in Mexico since the days of Pedros childhood. When he was boritr'the people of his village lived as they had at the time of Cortez.

Then came the Mexican revolution of 1910, the first basic revolution in Latin American history. A government was overthrown; more important, a new social order was inaugurated. And though the emphasis has changed with the times, Lewis notes that almost every major government proposal or innovation is put forward in the sacred name of Revolution. The Mexican revolution, once maligned by Yanquis, is now hailed as a progressive movement that may serve as' a model for Latin America. CASTRO THE MARXIST comes from Latin Americas elite.

The future of Latin America may be in the hands of Jhe people' Lewis the anthropologist has been studying for three decades. Theodore Long.