The Breese Journal from Breese, Illinois • E8

Once again time for our monthly Chron- icles article. This article was given to me by a friend and after reading it, I was sure our readers would find it interesting. The next monthly meeting of the Clinton County Historical Society will be Monday, May 2 at the Museum located at 1091 Franklin St. in Carlyle. The meeting starts at 6:30 p.m.

and members and guests are always welcome, maybe bring along a friend. Freakish weather? The year 1816 was terrifying By Grover Brinkman From Illinois Wildlife (magazine?) March 19, 1980 Now that a February snow and resultant near-zero temperatures have ended the rather un- predictable weather in Southern Illinois, we can no longer refer to the current season as a freak. It was an unusual autumn, however, leading into the year-end with a balmy flair, really in Il- But if one checks old weather records for what was really a freak year, temperature-wise, all there in published statistics. One must roll back the calendar to 1816, fateful and terrifying in many ways. There was no summer at all, no crops.

January and February were warm and spring-like, so balmy that most settlers let their fires go out. March, instead of growing warmer, turned cold and stormy. Vegetation had gotten well un- derway in April when real wintry weather set in, with killing frosts. Snow and sleet fell on 17 dif- ferent days in Southern Illinois during the month of May. scoff.

This is a statistic. In June, unbelievable as it sounds, there was either snow or frost on all but three days. Even July was so cold that people slept under blankets. The month of August was even worse, for ice formed nearly an inch thick and killed all liv- ing vegetation. There was great privation, and many settlers would have perished had it not been for an abun- dance of wild game, and grain left over from a previous year.

This in was not only in this area, but throughout most of the nation. All fruit was destroyed; ice was thick enough to walk on throughout New England and the east coast in July. Scientists viewed the terrifying year as a re- sult of sunspots. Corn held over from the preced- ing spring sold for $10 per bushel, an unheard-of price in that day. Birds were frozen stiff on their perches, and young quail and rabbits were found dead on the prairie in midsummer.

The Kaskaskia River (called the Okaw then) was sheathed in ice. A frozen crust on the plains prohibited planting of any kind. Snow and sleet pelted Illinois all through summer. This freak year is buried in a few paragraphs in our history books, but if one researches the weather, it is there for all to see. It has never hap- pened again, but 1816 was the freak year of the centuries, unexplainable, mysterious, terrifying.

After reading this I did some research and found more info on the Internet. Grover Brink- man grew up in Okawville, Illinois, and owned and operated the Okawville Times with his wife, Leona Stricker Brinkman from 1825 to 1947. He served as a correspondent for a national news agency. His stories and articles appeared in news- papers throughout the Midwest and in magazines as varied as Alfred Mystery Maga- zine, Boys Life, Mother Earth News and the scholarly journal Environment. He later moved to Columbia, Illinois, and died in 1999.

more about the summer of 1816. The Year Without a Summer was a bizarre weather disaster in 1816 A volcanic eruption led to crop failures on two continents The Year Without a Summer, a peculiar 19th century disaster, played out during 1816 when weather in Europe and North America took a bi- zarre turn that resulted in widespread crop fail- ures and even famine. The weather in 1816 was unprecedented. Spring arrived but then everything seemed to turn backward, as cold temperatures returned. The sky seemed permanently overcast.

The lack of sun- light became so severe that farmers lost their crops and food shortages were reported in Ire- land, France, England and the United States. It would be more than a century before any- one understood the reason for the peculiar weath- er disaster: the eruption of an enormous volcano on a remote island in the Indian Ocean a year earlier had thrown enormous amounts of volcanic ash into the upper atmosphere. The dust from Mount Tambora, which had erupted in early April 1815, had shrouded the globe. And with sunlight blocked, 1816 did not have a normal summer. Reports of weather problems appeared in newspapers As the summer went on and the cold per- sisted, crops failed.

important to note is that while 1816 the coldest year on record, the prolonged cold coincided with the growing season. And that led to food shortages in Europe and in some communities in the United States. Historians have noted that the westward mi- gration in America accelerated following the very cold summer of 1816. It is believed that some farmers in New England, having struggled through a horrible growing season, made up their minds to venture to western territories. The bad weather inspired a classic story of horror In Ireland the summer of 1816 was much rainier than normal, and the potato crop failed.

In other European countries wheat crops were dis- mal, leading to bread shortages. In Switzerland, the damp and dismal sum- mer of 1816 led to the creation of a significant literary work. A group of writers, including Lord Byron, Percy Bysshe Shelley, and his future wife Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin, challenged each other to write dark tales inspired by the gloomy and chilly weather. During the miserable weather Mary Shelley wrote her classic novel Reports looked back at the bizarre weather of 1816 By the end of summer it was apparent that something very strange had occurred. A newspa- per in New York state, published a story on Oct.

6, 1816, which related the peculiar season: It proposed some theories about why the weather was so bizarre. The mention of sunspots is interesting, as sunspots had been seen by as- tronomers, and some people, to this day, wonder about what, if any effect, that may have had on the weird weather. The Year Without a Summer would be long remembered. Newspapers in Connecticut de- cades later reported that old farmers in the state referred to 1816 as hundred and starve to As it happens, the Year Without a Summer would be studied well into the 20th century, and a fairly clear understanding would emerge. The eruption of Mount Tambora When the volcano at Mount Tambora erupt- ed it was a massive and terrifying event which killed tens of thousands of people.

It was not until well into the 20th century that scientists began to link the two events, the eruption of Mount Tam- bora and the Year Without a Summer. There have been scientists who dispute or discount the rela- tionship between the volcano and the crop fail- ures on the other side of the world the following year, but most scientific thought finds the link credible. The tremendous eruption of Mount Tambora in April 1815 was the most powerful volcanic eruption of the 19th century. The eruption and the tsunamis it triggered killed tens of thousands of people. And the mag- nitude of the explosion is difficult to fathom.

It has been estimated that Mount Tambora stood approximately 12,000 feet tall before the 1815 eruption, before the top one-third of the mountain was completely obliterated. Adding to the massive scale, the huge amount of dust blasted into the upper atmo- sphere by the Tambora eruption contributed to The Year Without a Summer. Accounts of the Tambora eruption were considerably rare, yet some vivid ones do exist. An administrator of the East India Company, Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley Raffles, who was serving as governor of Java at the time, published a striking account of the disaster based on written reports he had collected from English traders and military personnel. Beginnings of the Mount Tambora disaster The island of Sumbawa, home to Mount Tambora, is located in present day Indonesia.

When the island was first discovered by Europe- ans the mountain was thought to be an extinct volcano. About three years before the 1815 eruption the mountain seemed to come to life. Rumblings were felt. And a dark smoky cloud appeared atop the summit. On April 5, 1815, the volcano began to erupt.

The massive eruption of Mount Tambora On the evening of April 10, 1815, the erup- tions intensified. And a massive major eruption began to blow the volcano apart. Viewed from a settlement about 15 miles to the east, it seemed that three columns of flames shot into the sky. According to a witness on an island about 10 miles to the south, the entire mountain appeared to turn into Stones of pumice more than 6 inches in diameter began to rain down on neighboring islands. Violent winds propelled by the eruptions struck settlements like hurricanes, and some re- ports claimed that the wind and sound triggered small earthquakes.

And tsunamis emanating from the island of Tambora destroyed settlements on other islands, killing tens of thousands of people. Investigations by modern day archaeologists have determined that an island culture on the is- land of Sumbawa was completely wiped out by the Mount Tambora eruption. Written reports of Mount eruption As the eruption of Mount Tambora occurred before communication by telegraph, accounts of the cataclysm were slow to reach Europe and North America. After the initial explosion was heard, it was supposed that the eruption was no greater than other volcanic eruptions in that region. But noted that on the evening of April 10 extremely loud explosions were heard and large amounts of dust began to fall from the sky.

A letter from an Englishman on the island of Sumanap described how, on the afternoon of April 11, 1815, four it was necessary to light It remained dark until the next afternoon. About two weeks after the eruption, a British officer sent to deliver rice to the island of Sum- bawa made an inspection of the island. He re- ported seeing numerous corpses, and widespread destruction. Local inhabitants were becoming ill and many had already died of hunger. An account of the cataclysm to the British officer, described three columns of flames arising from the mountain when it erupted on April 10, 1815.

Apparently describing the lava flow, moun- tain started to appear a body of liquid fire, extending itself in every Worldwide effects of the Mount Tambora eruption Though it would not be apparent for more than a century, the eruption of Mount Tambora contributed to one of the worst weather-related disasters of the 19th century. The following year, 1816, became known as The Year Without a Sum- mer. The dust particles blasted into the upper at- mosphere from Mount Tambora were carried by air currents and spread across the world. By the fall of 1815 eerily colored sunsets were being observed in London, England. And the following year the weather patterns in Europe and North America changed drastically.

While the winter of 1815-1816 was fairly ordinary, the spring of 1816 turned odd. Tempera- tures did not rise as expected, and very cold tem- peratures persisted in some places well into the summer months. Widespread crop failures caused hunger and even famine in some places. And thus the eruption of Mount Tambora may have caused widespread casualties on the opposite side of the world. All information submitted from the files of the Clinton County Historical Society.

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Mus take delivery before March 31, 2016. CH ROLET CHEVROLET" Save More at Deien! 618-224-9200 5 N. Madison Just Hwy 50 in Tr nton Hours: Monday-Friday 8-6, Saturday 8-3 www.DeienChevrolet.com Super Tag $1, 0 Remote start, power heated mirrors, wireles device harging, LED daytime run ing lights, OnStar with av il ble 4G LTE Wi-Fi, rear vision camera, Chevy My link 8" color touchscre system with Blueto th and Ap le Carplay, XM radio, engine system, and much more! MSRP $26,790 Tag Cash Deien Discount $692 Bl wout Discount $70 Your Price OR Stk. 4 0 for 60 os. available 48-month lease, 15,0 miles per year, with ap roved credit.

Tax, title, license and ERT fe not included. Se dealer for details. is te it i te it it 1 Stk. 4396, Sunro RS 4G Hotspot MSRP $26,465 Cash Back $1,0 Bonus Cash $50 Tag Cash $1,0 Deien Discount $82 Blowout Discount $70 AL THE BUTTONS! 1 I MSRP $28,8 0 Chevy Cash Back $750 Bonus Cash $750 Stk. 4 3 Remote Start, 4G Wi-Fi, Heated Seating Deien Discount $1,03 Stk.

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Save More at ie 5 N. Madison Just Of Hwy 50 in Trenton Hours: Monday-Friday 8-6, Saturday 8-3 i Super Tag $1,0 www.banktrenton.com 104 East Broadway, TRENTON, IL body and faith during their time at A seven year member of the CBC faculty and a native of Carlyle, Henken leads the Robotics team and has been integral in building the CBC STEM Academy, a program designed to prepare students for a variety of professions, in- cluding careers in the engineering and technology fields. It focuses on hands-on learning and col- laborative work while offering real-world experi- ences with members of industry. The program is producing creative thinkers and problem solvers who will be leaders throughout their careers. Founded in 1850 by the Brothers of the Chris- tian Schools, Christian Brothers College High School is one of the most prestigious private col- lege preparatory schools in Missouri.

Inspired by the teachings of St. John Baptist De La Salle, CBC is part of the Lasallian educational network, which is the largest in the world. More than 14,500 graduates are proud to be CBC alumni. Henken (Continued from 1E) New business Fliparoom opens A new business is making it easier than ever to purchase and sell your furniture. The Web-based business, called Fliparoom, opened for business on April 15.

They will be housing furniture to be sold to customers at their location at 105A Service St. in Swansea, but customers only need to place orders or sell their furniture online. is the modern way to buy and sell your said owner Joe Barhoumi. goal is to make the process of buying and selling furniture simple, stress-free and enjoyable. This process can be completed with just a few clicks of a When customers wish to purchase a piece of furniture, they simply need to add it to their vir- tual cart, check out through secure checkout system, and select their preferred de- livery date and time.

team will de- liver the desired furniture on the proper date and time. Sellers will enjoy an easy process by submit- ting the items they wish to sell on the website, accepting an offer, and selecting their preferred pickup date. Fliparoom will then pick up the items and list them for sale on their marketplace. As soon as the piece is purchased, the seller will make money. For more information call Fliparoom at 1-844-FLIPA ROOM (354-7276) or visit www.

fliparoom.com..