San Antonio Express from San Antonio, Texas • Page 14

SAN ANTONIO tXPRfSS 1964 Drug-Iiijcctioii Protection From Radiation Indicated the MaliAn arp hf'Ine tn find mort Bx JFHRY KM Mrdiral lakrn another step in its to find ways nf romhatting thr effects of radiation, three School of Medicine researchers reported Wednesday. A new procedure combining use of protective drugs before exposure with injection of bone marrow afterward increased the sumval rate among monkeys exposed to ordinarily deadly doses of radiation, they said Despite the advance, one of the researc hers cautifHied in an interview that treatment of the sort used is not ready for humans. a long way fnim application in terms of tne average physician would be willing to Melville of exjienmental radiobiology branch. a long-term he to be any breakthroughs on the horizon In radiation protection. The first step in any hypothesis is to find whether it will THF: point of the work reported Wednesday, he said, Is that it show.s the feasibility of idea of a like this, a combination of different mechani.sms.” The vears-old search for some means of radiation protection has stimulated by need.s of astronauts who may be endangered by radiation in space, of workers in nuclear plants, MICI.KAIt PliOBIJAI of military men who may have to fight a nuclear war, and of civilians whose cities may face atomic attack.

Melville, who was joined In authoring the report by colleagues Harrison Jr and Maj Robert .1. Young, told of the combined methods research during of Air Force Science and Engineering Symposium at Brooks A KB. IN a SERIES of tests, three groups of six rhesus monkeys and one group of 12 were subjected to 900 roentgens of radiation, a whole body dose well above the level usually con.sidered fatal for human.s. A control group had no protection, and all were dead within 30 days. A second group had amounts of marrow drawn from arm and log bones.

The marrow was refrigerated for about an hour, then reinjerted after the monkeys were exposed. One of this group survived. A third group received a combination of four chemicals for radiation protection before being exposed. Two of the six survived. The fourth group, which received both chemical protection and bone marrow reinjection, had nine survivors after 30 days.

previous studies, only 50 per cent of animals given both chemical treatment and autologous (from the same nianow 30 days after 900 'hi said TllIA Vl.SH that the combined treatment In the SAM le.ds a considerable reduction In the amounts of protective material which mu.st be administered for an This important, thev noted, when possible effects of drugs and possible human do.sage problems are considered. Drug.s used included a mixture of tw'o thiols previously shown to provide radiation protection, designated AFT and cysteine. The monkevs also got a blood ve.ssel constrictor, and methacholine, which boosts the action of serlonin. It is well known, ('apt. Melville observed, that lowering of oxygen concentration in tissue tends to protect against radiation damage.

The latter two drugs are thought to work in ihis way. drugs act by a combination of mechanisms, he explained. FOR EXA.MPLE, is considered a collector of potentially dangerous molecular fragments produced by radiation. But it also collects oxygen like the other work on drug effects is still to done, ('apt. MelviHe said, and across the nation efforts are being made to find more radiation protective Whatever mav eventually be chosen, he thinks tne approach used the SAM expenmenis may be close to it, think bone marrow is definitely one of the better ways to combat radiation he said.

Radiation kills primates through two mam effwls, the report said. One is by destruction of Wood cell-formmg tissue, such as bone marrow. The other is functional failure of the gastrointe-stinal tract. ONE COULD pre.serve marrow, you why then one could have own marrow drawn before, and then take it later when you need ('apt, Melville Reinjection of protected bone marrow', provides means of reviving the blood cell manufacturing processes. Procedure with bone marrow in the tests, he conceded, is still a complicated hospital or method.

But, he added, other experimenters have succe.ssfully shown that bone marrow can be frozen and preserved. Before bone marrow from another person could he used, he noted, immune re.sponse of the body to reject foreign have plagued transplant efforts will have to be overcome. a long-term research Melville said, may ultimately have many human Idea Is Told and a dje advancad by Ihe air crew member in addition to computer mem- Wednesday as Ingredients of a unique turn opaque." ory storage units and sun- possible lo a tricky changing from a colorle.ss lOj color-changing glass applications others have nuclear age problem facing the a highly colored state under the studied have disadvantages, Al-'suggested, he cited possibilities! Air Force. influence of ultraviolet linikov noted, citing tempera-for detecting minute quantities Normal blinking reHex time Allinikov said. ture cyclic of 7 clS s7le:" sJS; and fvcn'for d'cicX 7os against flash blindness or vesUgation and work on of various of elcc- PVP burn from the intense light enzyme-photochromic dye rela-applying the enzyme- tromagnetic radiation.

a nuclear explosion, a re- tlonships he added. combination as a coating "There is reason lo believe, It MillionUis nr inter-layer for glasses or he said, "other applications Instead of the 150 thousandths visors, he said. Indicate it can and other of a second eve blink reflex sy.slcms will be revealed this or a eye our.n. of ----searcher pointed out to Air Force Science and Engineering Svmposium at Brooks AFB. Tt is not difficult to imagine Russia Claims Rocket Record M.

V. KELDYSH more than is not difficult to imagine second eye blink enzyme with color- work is continued. the perilous position of a pilot the enzyme-dye combination In a low-flying, air- darken.s within 10 millionths of craft, were suffering from a second, he said, flashblindness even for a pe- jt also has a very rapid re- riod as short as 30 time to a colorle.ss he said. and is noticeably more resist- a.stronomer and five on of Radio tricia Kayes (Hass award, set Sidney Allinikov an engineer ant ihan other to pornc scteniisLt and Scinlilla- up to honor an outstanding ith Air I orce Materials Lab- les.sening of effectivene.ss with honored Wednesday night dur- woman scientist, engineer or oratory at rejieated use. tions.

AFB, Ohio, said this and other Aerospace Awards Presented woman scientist, engineer or iMiTiiuiv Tt I u.w. an Foroe Sciencc and T. technician in Air Force re- AFB, Ohio, said this and other The idea for u.sing this Efginecring awards place honor went to Lt. search, reasons have led the Air Force of protection, he explained, banquet held at El Tropicano The presentation was made to various ways of pro- visualizes protection of a flier UQtei I Dr. Leon (Ireen, Washington, viding niers with quick re-by goggles or a visor with a top scientific papers sponse flash protection.

built-in ultraviolet fla.sh L- svrnoosium Research P.U.tUal" "If a nuclaar blast approach he for solving area for various other appiica- tinns besides. (. i UMI IIV LllieiS Several hundred chemical, compounds have been found, Dr. Nannielou H. Dieter, re- -Systems Command awards for scientific achievement present-j ed by Alexander Flax, assistant secretary of the Air Force for research and development.

The awards, recognizing out- gvw.xM saveu me iive.s ui ner i First place award went lo Allunit i 3 achievement in aero- colored light and changing back younger brothers and a sister in Harry A. Lipsitt of Aerospace space research and whcn the light is removed. a fire, was honored Wednesday Research Laboratories, Wright-! LOVEL.AND. Colo. (AP) nient, went to Dr.

Billy a ihic AHinilrnv Tir pre.sident of the Air Force Association, presented Aerospace) search astronomer at Cam. Education Foundation Awards, bridge Research Laboratories, (plaques and cash awards, to received the first annual Pa' nou.STON (AP) A 14-year-authors of the papers he said, lo be photochromie, xan.sas City, girl, who as liest of the meeting. changing color In re.sponse to saved the lives of her two. First place award XillflHtr iTlin uix- a lire, was iiunuieu neunesuay iiesearcn ijauoraioncs, wiigni-i i To this action, Allinikov night by the International As- Patler.son AFB, Ohio, for a Pr. Dwight F.

(iunder, 61, a Welch, of School added another, that of the sociation of Fire Chiefs. paper entitled, Propaga- leader in the development of the Medicine, Capt. derived ciauun 01 rue ciueis. paper enuueu, iupaga- from In a fire In the third lion in Cumulative Damage Fa- Polaris mi.ssile, died at his, Bruce J. Gordon of the Aero- floor apartment Feb.

21, 1963, tigue (home Wednesday of an ap-space Test Award for second place was parent heart attack. The Navy Sidney Albnikov of the presented to Richard S. Allen, had honored him with a spe- Materials Laboratory, Wnght- Aarons and Herbert Whit- cial citation saying Dr. Gunder; Patterson AFB, Ohio; Howard ney of Air Force Cambridge the pldelines Main, Edwards AFB, Research Laboratories, Bedford, I the Polaris and Dr. Edwin G.

Vail of United Mass. They co-authored a re- Corp. papain papaya. enzyme is a catalyst pro- Jessie Leonard wrapped her duced by living cells which brothers, David, 3, and Steven, speeds chemical reactions. In a blanket and carried them pain has been widely used as to safety and alerted firemen a meat tenderizer.

iio her sister, Arveca, 9, still in dyes apartment. By THEODORE SHABAD (C) NEW YORK TIMES NEWS SERVICE! MOSCOW The Soviet Un-i leading claimed' Wednesday that the rocket employed to orbit the three-man spacecraft Voskhod last week was the most powerful yet used anywhere. i M. V. Keldysh, president of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, it developed more thrust than other rocket in the world that had so far orbited payloads, instrument packages or The allusion was clearly to the two-stage Saturn I rocket of take-off thurstj That lifted 20,000 pounds, the biggest announced net payload, at Cape Kennedy, i la.st January.

(Last week, U.S. space ex-i ports reportedly estimated the take-off thrust of the booster u.sed lo launch Voskhod at between 800,000 and 1.000,000 pounds the same range as estimated for previous Soviet manned space shots. Informed sources said at that time that the Voskhod capsule weighed no more than 16,000 pounds.) Keldysh also saiii that the launching of Voskhod (Sunrise) was the first of a series that would continue at the rate thus far maintained in the Soviet program of manned space exploration. He said the crews of future Vo.skhod flights might include men and women. The previous single-s eater Vostok (Ea.st) vehicle has been launched in single or tandem! flights at roughly one-year tervals.

Keldysh presided at a four-; hour news conference staged for the Voskhod crew in the main auditorium of Moscow Univer-j sity. The.se conferences, like; Red Square rallies, have be-i come traditional for returning; Soviet astronauts. Konstantin P. Feoktistov, thC; scientist, disclosed new technical details of the design of the spacecraft and of its 24-hnur flight in which it made 16 orbits of the earth. He said that in addition to ordinary chemical rockets used to orient the vehicle in space, Voskhod had experimented with a new orientation of ion engines, which used a jet of electrified gas for propulstion, sy.stem was successfully tested in Feoktistov impoUant experimental material ha.s been obtained on its The United made the first flight test of such an engine last July from the rocket station of the (National Aeronautics and Space Administration at Wallops Island, Va.

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