Rio Grande Sun from Espanola, New Mexico • 9

Rio Grande Sun, Thursday, Dec. 1965 Page Los Alamos Lab, Trinity Site Now Federal Monuments Pioneers of Atom MI' '7 In War and Peace Being Recognized W''-J' "mm. Yv 'Oratory -and Trinity Site at bands, Co; historic sites in America -IHat nroved as Registered National Lancmurks by retary of the Interior Steward Udall. made -recentlV "by rn of the Advisory Board on National His- Build- Jr. 4 IMl''lr -i Wr 1: i1''' ijuihbtcua to uie 1 il jim -j-- iir tlMrt i i I f' LOS ALAl.OS LAB was established on January 1, 1943 for the.

purpose of developing the nuclear fission bomb. After that task Was successfully completed, Hill scientists under took the creation of a super weapon deriving energy from thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen, -The laboratory-has also pioneered in the peaceful application of atomic energy. i Ji ft At ill jfcS' iti t.y,. Service Station Opens In Seco J. D.

Montoya, former Espanola resident, has returned to Espanola after having spent the past nine years in Albuquerque. iitoya is now the owner and operator of the Arroyo-Seco Chevron station located five miles south of Espanola on Highway 64. He is married to the former Ercilia Martinez of Santa who is a grade school teacher in Nambe. J. Hernandez Funeral services were held at 10 a.m., Tuesday, Dec.

21 at Sacred Heart Catholio Church, Es-panola for Jacinto Hernandez, 76. who died in a Las Vegas Hospital. He was a Cuban refugee. Hernandez is survived by his Hernandez ot Los Aiamos ana rwo Magdalia of Washington. D.C.

and Mrs. Victor Foster of Los A'amos. Rlork Mortuary in ihavp-p of arrangements. Perhardo Lovato FpoVo! services' wo V'ld. Church ireh for.

Bernardo "th Qj Ta'ifntp So. whn.dvd at, Hospital fit1 ncht-of Fridav. 17.. J.vmo ii survived bv c-ns An-tcni Octaviano and Pete: a daughter. Mrs.

Manuelita and, other relatives. Burial was in Ojo Calientc crmeterv. Block Mortuary was in charge of arrangements. lit ii 3 "i mm III! KM 1 1 1 r'' ''X. MMarttt-'i M1 Board Resolves Coaching Crisis Mexcio.

Fire At Pueblo At 10 p.m., Saturday, Dec. 18 fire struck the home of Porifio Mascarenas in San Juan Pueblo while the family was in Cha-mita. Espanola firemen had to string a hose over a quarter of a mile to fight th raging flames. The fire completely destroyed the house. Cause was undeteiy mined.

The Espanola Board has voted unanimously to ask for a draft deferment for Espanola High School football coach Mike Lucero. Lucero had recently been classified 1-A by the local draft He joined the Espanola high school faculty last September as head football coach, asst. basketball coach and physical education instructor, after receiving a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of New You probably use 120 gallons -it V'- ii TCtfirr i 'Jj 1 Martinez Is AF Graduate Airman Third Class Gilberto Martinez, son of Mr. and Mrs. George Vr Martinez of Chimayo, lias been graduated at Sheppard AFB, from the training course for U.S.

Air Force aircraft mechanics. Airman Martinez, a graduate of Espanola High School, being reassigned to one of the more than 250 installations world-wide where Air Force com-bat and support units are based it with gas. 6 tit "Wvi. water every day. 'Historic Sites Act of Airnist Ji HILL LOW IS 26 Cold into northern New Muxii'n fast week and Los Alamos was among cities 'reporting below freezing temperatures.

A low of '26 was recorded on the Hill, a high of 63 for an of 38 during die week ending December 13. Tlie weather bureau reports ji O'fSfp ss l.l!'iiJ!IS!!iWpJ(iiV I 21 1935 The designated sites 'are now eligible to receive certificates and bronze plac-ques designating them as Registered National Historic Landmarks. SUN readers may be interested in the historciarsign ficance of the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory and Trinity Site which has led to their recognition as national monuments. The following1 material was prepared by the National Survey of Historic Sites and Buildings of the U.S. Department of the Interior: THE LAB Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory was founded January 1, 1943 for the purpose of developing an instrument of war, the nuclear fission bomb.

Successful in that task, LASL undertook a second assignment creation of a "super" weapon deriving energy from the thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen. This mission, too, was successful. that time the 'Laboratory has continued to be the nation's foremost development center f-r nuclear weapons. More than 90 of the fission and fusion warheads now in American stockpiles are LASL devices. The other half of LASL's history the nonmilitarv ha'f -is equally impressive.

Ever 1943 the Laboratory has been making contributions to fundamental scientific knowledge and to peaceful apnlications of atomic energy. The world's first enriched-uranium reactor was: designed and built at Los Alamos, where it has been in oo-eration since 1944. The world's first plutonium-fueled reactor went into operation at Los Alamos in 1946. This was also the world's1 first fast-neutron reactor. In more recent years the' Laboratory has developed a reactor using uranium phosphate fuel and another using molten Plutonium, both for the first time anywhere.

Several rocket Dromilsion reactors have been built and ground tested, w'th flight tests scheduled in the next few years. The Laboratory continues to be a leader in manv other peaceful fields, in-cludniq chemistry and metallurgy, biolocrv and medi-ine, thermionic electricitv, plasma physics, instrument development and electnnV rrrnntHng. TRINITY SITE On the White Range, the world's first nucleaf device was exploded on July 16, 1945. When the Manhattan Engineer District was formed to develop an atomic bomb in the shortest possible time, the problems confronting its scientists and engineers were seemingly almost insurmountable. As te project moved c'oser to fulfilment, it became obvious that the device wou'd have to be tested before it was tried in combat.

The site chosen for the test was a nortion of the Bombing Ranfre in the b'eak and barren Johnado dl Muerto in Socorro County. The code name "Trinitv." was chosen for the test by Dr. J. Robert On-oenheimer. director of the Manhattan Droiect.

Work at the site late in 1944. and, bv May 1945. preparations were completed for a test shot of 100 tons of hierh explosive its purposes being to provide data for the calibration of instruments for b'ast and shock measurements, and to serve as a dress rehearsal, for functioning of the test organisation. The test was held tm May 7. resulting in a memorable sight ecliDsed only by the atomic explosion two months later.

The final test was set for 4 a.m. on Mondav. July 16. The bomb was assembled and placed on a 100-foot tower, and observers took their places in bunkers 10.000 yards to the south, west, and north of Ground Zero. Rain delayed the detonation for one and one-half hours, but at 5:29:45 a.m.

the blast came. The world had entered a new era. The Ground Zero area at the Trinity Site is surrounded by a cvclone fence about a mile In VIIVMUUVIl-llVl't fT 111(11 VIIC ICIIUC are the bomb crater, a lava stone monument at Ground of hot 1 1 annul FAIRV1EW CLINIC VALDEZ Son. Anthony, Mr. and Mrs.

Tony Valdez, Canjil-on, Derember 2. HONEYCUTT Son, William Allen, Mr. and Mrs. William Honeycutt, Fairview, December 7. AGUILAR Daughter, Mr.

and Mrs. Cruz Aguilar, Parkview. December 9. MARTINEZ Daughter, Aea-pita, Mr. and Mrs.

Simon Martinez. Abiquiu. December 11. TRUJILLO Daughter, Pita, Mr. and Mrs.

Elizardo Trujillo, Cordova. December 11. MIRANDA Monica Rene, Mr. and Mrs. Audilio Miranda, Espanola, December 13.

VIGIL Son. Matthew, Mr. and Mrs. Mike Vigil, Espanola, December 13. VIGIL Son, Matthew.

Mr. and Mrs, Mike Vigil, Espanola, December 13. GUTIERREZ Son, Robert. Mr. and Mrs.

Comelio N. Gu-tierrer Santa Fe, Dp'-emhor 16. ESPANOLA HOSPITAL GONZALES Son. Erci Lin-dv. Mr.

and Mrs. Joe B. Gonzales, Gen. South Ojo Cal-iente Dec. 18, MARTINEZ Daughter.

Zel-: ma, Mr. and Mrs. Rudv Martinez. Gpn. Chama, Dec.

20. MARTINEZ Son. MnmH, Mr. and Mrs. Horace Martinez.

Box 14-B. Chimavo, Dpc. 20. TREJO Mr. and Mrs.

Ren Jr.v Route Box 265, Espanola, Dec 20. REESE Duqhtpr, Trarev Lvnn, Mr. and Mrs. Chnrles D. Reese, Box 763, Espanola, Dec.

21. BALDONADO Son. Mr. and Mrs. Horace Baldonado, Gen.

El Rito, Dec. 24. Maior Garcia Ends Course Maj. John L. Garcia, son of Mr.

and Mrs. Jose G. Garcia, Esoanola, comn'pted the associate coursp at the Annv Command and General Staff CoIWp, Fort Leavenworth Dec. 17. Major GarWa was one of 448 U.S.

and Allied offerers who attended the 18-week course," which is designed to prenarp officers for duty as corrnanders and general staff officers of divisions or logistical commands. The maior was commissioned throuRh the Reserve Officers Training Corns nrofrram at the New Mexico Institute in Roswell in 195? and he entered the Army in. 1953. Major Garcia received an M.S. degree in 1958 from Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind.

Zero, the stumps of three of the four piers which supported the bomb tower, sand mounds covering the remains of three instrument bunkers, and scattered particles of trinitite (sand fused into glass by the bomb's blast). Three concrete camera bunkers are about a mile from Ground Zero, and the sites of the three command bunkers are discernible. The site is not open to the public. National Survey of Historic Sites and Buildings, US Dept. of Interior.

TINITY SITE (Above) "i u-orld's first tiuclt was exploded hcre r.t White Sands Missile July 1G, 1045, ''the month and year this phfito. tp.k'en,. (Below) Several, physical evidon-ces remain, including parts of the concrete piers which supported the bomb tower. The site is closed to vistors (Photos courtesy of Los Alamos Lab) mrm i ii Mi A-f If you want the job done do 'T' It's true. The average family of four uses 120.

gallons of hot water every day. It's also true that if you have a modern, family-size gas water heater, you will never run out of hot water. 1 Because gas heats fast, and recovers fast so provide more hot water per hour than an I SO-gallon electric heater! And your gas water heater is so efficient it actually works for Vi the cost of electricity. Simple, isn't it. If you want the job done right do it with gas.

See A. O. Smith tutooutic gn wmr botes the Southern Union ifaoinoom. fast that1 hot water is as it's used. A fast-recovery replenished just as quickly 50 gallon gas heater will SOUTIIISN UMIOM E)1Q COMPASV.