The Lancaster Examiner from Lancaster, Pennsylvania • 2

LANCASTER EXAMINER AND HERALD. GOVERNORS MESSAGE. (Sxcunmcr tjcrali) I In a debate in the Senate on the' eter nal Slavery question, on Wednesday last, I Mr. IIale incidentally alluded to Mr. Cal-! holn's position.

Several soutliern senators 1 denied that Mr. Calliounspoke for the South, i Mr. Hale in answer read several extracts Correspondence of the Examiner Herald. New York, March 23, 1S50. The trial, in Boston, of Dr.

Webster for the murder of Dr. Parkman, seems to occasion very deep interest in this city. The papers contain the evidence every morning of the preceding day, which is transmitted LANCASTER, Fa. WEDNESDAY, hi ARCH 27' 1850. also authorized him to seize and remove the indvidual whom he alleged was his property, andto use for that purpose the offi- eialjpower of the State, without permitting to i osln papers are filled with tne details of her, the right to control, and regulate the man- tlie trial of Prof.

Webster, which commenced on nerfcof the procedure, or to determine the truth Tuesday, but so far the evidence amounts to but and justice of the alleged claim. It established the principle that a stranger to the soil of Penn- le feyond what was previously known, having sylvama, might enter upon it, and by possibil- reIatlon principally to the identification of the re-uy, inflict the deepest injury upon her sovereign- T' ty by the abduction of her citizens on false pre- turwiua 1 Ik. I 1 tenets. The mains of Dr. Parkman, Of the appearance of I rof Webster, when brought into court on A new Post office has been establish- Ifrom Calhouns speech in which he stated ly telegraph during the evening, so that we ed at Binklys Bridge, in Manheim town-1 what would please or displease the South.

Mr. Foote then reminded the speaker that Mr. Calhoun had expressly denied that he spoke for the South. Mr. Hale replied that with this explanation the inference was necessary that when Mr.

Calhoun said the South, he meant himself. Mr. Calhoun does consider himself the South, as truly as one of the kings of France believed his declaration. I am the state. ship, and Thompson Brubaker, appointed P.

M. A new office has also been established at Leesburg, in Strasburg township called Wheatland," and Jacob Martin appointed P. M. These offices will accommodate extensive populous districts, which have hitherto suffered much inconvenience from the want proper mail facilities. We have prepared at a considerable expenditure of time and trouble, a table showing the entire mail arrangements of Lancaster county.

To many persons it will be found useful for reference. It will appear from this table given on the next page that Lancaster county is now pretty well supplied with Post Offices there being few localities whose inhabitants can excuse their ignorance of what is going on in the world complaining of the want of mail Littlcfield, the janitor of the college, which was. on Sunday evening, suspicion touched Littlefie that Dr. W. knew more of Dr Parkman than any other.

Littlefields action from that moment was in honest consistency with that suspicion. There was no mode of access to that vault or the laboratory excepting by the door; and he determined to enter by breaking through the wall. He had not accomplished a breach in the wall, when he informed Drs. Jackson and Bigelow, and went to work under their direction his wife the meanwhile watching for the arrival of Dr. Webster.

left no injunction on his wife to warn him if other professor came while he was at work. The terrible dcvelopement he witnessed in that vault, and his conduct after it, showed the character of his impressions, and his honesty of purpose. was after the affair had attained this maturity in dcvelopement that Prof. Webster was taken into custody. When lie was apprehended he charged Littlefield with having committed this act or being conspirator; but at the same time he said the remains were as much his as Dr.

Parkmans thus disagreeing with his premises, by hazarding such a conclusion. Another thing showed what dependence to be put on Dr. Ws declarations that, on Tuesday, he put the question to Littlefield he was a freemason; he also asked him if he had got his Thanksgiving Dinner, and gave him order for a turkey, while, at the same time he had suspicions of the man. When his apartments in the College were opened, Dr. Webster was requested to be present explain anything that might transpire, or be seen.

His deportment and remarks on that occasion were singular. There were found a pair of pants with spots of blood and pair of slippers, as well as some towels marked with blood were found the vault whence nothing could proceed seaward, only as it percolated through the walls. It was certain that these articles, as well as the body, must have been put down the privy, the key of which was found in his pocket. A large bunch false keys were found in Prof. Ws desk, which could open every door in the college.

He said he hi.d found them. On his person was found a paper, in which was noted two different versions of interview had between him and Dr. Parkman Friday. On the Monday following his arres, was brought into the Police office, and there under advice of counsel, he waived examination thereby declaring causes for investigation. On his commitment to his cell, he wrote a note, which was examined according to the usages of the jail contained an injunction to a member of his Washington, March 20.

The subject of the Department of the Interior has been about the sole topic of debate today in the House, in which Mr. Ewing has been personally and politically attacked with great vigor. Mr. Carter, of Ohio, amid loud and ironicaly cries of louder, louder, when he was screaming at the top of his voice, put it into Thomas Solitude Desert Ewing, he called him, with a caution, as the phrase goes. There is hardly a doubt, that Mr.

Ewing could hear him, a mile and a half off. The health of Mr. Calhoun, continues so bad, that his life is despaired off by some of his friends, who think he will not live 48 hours. His disease seems to be a sort of consumption, which is destroying his vital parts, and depriving him of the power of utterance. His reappearance in the Senate but aggravated his disease.

The excitement and the effort to speak were a serious detriment to him. It would be a serious loss to lose Mr. Calhoun, notwithstanding his known treasonable hostility to the Union of these States. The Union, not even his power and talents can seriously harm, his hostility to it has but destroyed his own prospects, but there has been times in which he has done the most signal services to his country, and such times may come again. He saved us from a horrible war with Great Britian by checking and overawing the mad propensities of Cass and his party for a war.

He almost alone breasted the current, which would have a war with Mexico, the legacy of which is a sectional contest ever of extreme damage in the Union. Mr. Thompson of Indiana, who has declined the Austrian Mission does it upon the grounds, that he cant afford to take it, is doing a better business, It cannot be said, therefore, that Whigs always clamor for office, and take all they can get. Rumor yet names no aspirant for the place. It is stated to-day, with much of the air of authority, that the Sardinean charge-ship will be given to Mr.

Kinney, the Editor of that excellent paper the Newark Advertiser. It will be a good disposition of the office, if it has that direction. has raised her voice in earnest protest. Iu the written Constitution, to the observance of whose provisions her faith hud been pledged, there was found uo authority for its iutroductiou into new, aud after acquired territory. With the knowledge that the framers of the Constitution had taken a part in the deliberations of the Congress of 1787, and that the intention of their ordinance was the preservation, from the malign influences of slavery, of all the territory then belonging to the Uniou it was reasonable to suppose that any acquiescence on her part, in the acquisition of immense regions to be covered wih slavery would be given with great reluctance.

The same liberality ot sentiment that breathed in the Declaration of the National Independence the same ardent love of human freedom that conceived the ordinance of 1787 the same hatred of human boudage that induced the abolition of tho slave trade, it was believed, would influence and direct the opiuious and actions of those illustrious lathers who placed these proud memories among the venerated archives of the Republic. At the time of the admission of Missouri it is well kuown with what unanimity this Government protested against the introduction of servile labor in that fertile region. Tlie language of her protest is clear and strong it breathes the true feeling of her patriotic children. To the compromise liue at that time adopted, it is presumed, no assent was given on her part. To have done so, would have done violence to her principles, and would have been au abandonment ol her early and cherished policy.

It was an infraction of the spirit of the ordinance of 1787, and was a doubtful excise of Constitutional power, as well as a species of infidelity to the National Union. The act of 1780 abolished slavery, and alleged there was no human right to exact human boudage. The ordinance of 1787 prohibited slavery the territories of the then confederation, and the reasons for its enactment applied as forcibly to the West bank of the Mississippi, as they did to the North bank of the Ohio. The Natioual Constitution conlaiued nothing to authorize tlie acquisition of new territory, aud the erection of further slave institutions. On the contrary, by its provisions iu relorence to the slave-trufiic, and the concurrent events attending its formation, it appeared to mark limits to the exteut aud duration of the institution hence any action enlarging its boundaries was au unwarranted assumption of power.

The union of the States was endangered by the erection of iuingi-uary lines, teuding to engender and keep alive sectionul jealousies and prejudices. Pennsylvania desired no new Mason and Dixons line, to mark distinctive characters and tastes among a homogeneous people. In the powers ol the National Congress is found no authority to create slavery, unless its introduction formed a portion of a treaty acquiring territory or was the coudition of a grant ol lauds. The spirit of universal liberty guarded all soil blessed by the institutions of freedom aud to establish bondage, positive enactments were ne-nessarily required. These sentiments of Pennsylvania remain uuchauged; and it their expression, with a perfect willingness to submit their accuracy to the Supreme Judicial tribunals of the country, were agressions on the rights of the citizens of Virgium and Georgia if they were an infraction of the Natioual Constitution, or tended to the dissolution of the Uuiou, the demonstration thereof has not beeu made inuuifest to our cili zens.

The Natioual Government is admitted to be a government of limited powers, aud that no authority cau be exercised by it unless conferred by the Constitution. Iu the Constitution is iound no express authority for the acquisition of new territory by purchase no express authority to admit new Slates into the Confederacy formed from such acquired territory no expressed or written power to absorb or auuex another and a distinct sovereignty to assume its debts, fmisli its unsettled warfare, or to take charge of its pub lie domain no express authority is given to plant the institution of slavery where it does not exist; aud certainly none to guarantee to ir, iu its new home, the unequal and anti-republican representation to which it is entitled in theorig iuul States. The practical and common sense exposition of the Constitution, it is freely conceded would invest a government of limited powers, with all the authority necessary to carry iu to effect its expressly grauted powers. The powers of Cougress over the territories That will do it! Free Trade in England is giving so mnch prosperity to in that country, that something must be done for our own manufactures, to enable them to maintain their position. We would suggest the same thing which has accomplished so much for the manufactures of England.

Jour, of Commerce. Preeiselyso! Give our manufacturers an abundance of skilled labor at 15 to 45 cents per day and they can do without Protection. It is that, mainly, which enables their British rivals to undersell them. And the Journal has always been favorable to the mode of cherishing American Manufactures here indicated by Brewing down the wages of Labor. It has ever been a consistent advocate of the Low Wages policy.

It goes on to say: It must be remembered that not the United States only, but the world is the market to be competed for. If we cannot mako goods as cheaply as England, or about as cheap, she will underbid us ia foreign markets. We ought not to be satisfied with merely the home market. Well, let her underbid us in foreign markets, as long as her laborers are compelled to work for an average of twenty -five cents per day, while we, satisfied with merely the home market, secure to our own workers an average of one dollar per day. Give us adequate Protection to secure our Home Market, and we will wrest plenty, comfort and competence out of our own soil, although wc never sell a bale of goods abroad.

Last year we bought over three times as much British Calico as we did under the Tariff of 42, and got in debt to Europe (by sending Stocks abroad and selling them) to the extent of many millions of dollars. In other words, we kept our own would-be Iron-workers and Cloth-makers unwillingly idle and run in debt to Europe for the fabrics they ought to have produced, because the Foreign were cheap! If that is true economy, then we are grossly ignorant of its A Cs. -V. Y. Office-Holders The JYumber on Each Side Washington, March 23, 1850.

The House of Representatives, yesterday, adjourned until Monday, but the Senate, or less than one-fourth of it, sat to-day, to give Mr. Smith, of Connecticut, an opportunity to finish a speech which he begun yesterday, in support of the policy of the administration with regard to appointments and dismissals. In the course of that gentlemans remarks, this afternoon, he read a table to show that the number of clerks in the several Departments, on the 4th March, 1849, were thus distributed Democrats. In the State Department 22 Navy Department 3-1 War Department 21 Interior Department 93 Treasury Department. .259 Post Office Department.

47 To the Senate and House of Representatives of Pennsylvania Gentlemen The States of Virginiaand Georgia have transmitted to the Executive Department of this Commonwealth, Resolutions in reference to the preservation of the Union the institution of slavery; and complaining of certain alleged violations of the Constitution of the United States. A respectful courtesy to these distinguished members of the confederacy, demands from the Government of Pennsylvania an early and culm consideration ol the grievances thus presented. The known character of the citizens of this Commonwealth, for their faithful adherence to the National Constitution; their deep veneration for, and attachment to the National Union, and their uniform respect, and regard for the rights, privileges, and happiness ol the citizeus of the other States of the confederacy, is a sufficient pledge that they would feel deeply wounded should their representatives by silence and acquiescence seem to admit, that they or their Government were justly obnoxious to the assertion that they had commenced, and were persisting iu a system of encroachment upon the Constitution and rights of a portion of the people of this confederacy, which is alike unjust and dangerous to the peace and perpetuity of tho cherished Uuiou. Persuaded that there exists no unkind feeling among our citizens, to any other portion of the confederacy, and that a cordial love for the National Constitution and Uuion, pervades our entire population it is deemed a pleasant duty to transmit those resolutions to your Honorable Bodies, that the necessary measures may be a-dopted, after a candid consideration of the whole subject, to give a decided negative to our sister Republics, if theyhave done our people and Government injustice in these charges aud if otherwise, to offer the amplest assurance that the speediest remedies will be provided to redress auy just grievances. This action is necessary in order that uo truthful accusation of a wilful aud wanton breach of the Constitution infidelity to the National Union, or iuvasiou of the rights of others, shall stain the social history of Pennsylvania.

The wrongs alleged may be classified as follows First That the people of the non-slaveholding States have eucrcached upon the Constitution of the United States. Second, That they have done acts hostile to the peace anil perpetuity of the National Union. Third That they have unjustly, dangerously, aud injuriously trespassed upon the rights of other portions of the confederacy. These are grave charges against the faith and honor of this Commonwealth and lienee the necessity ot a careful examination of their justice aud truth. Questions connected with the slavery of the colored race, have given origin to these complaints.

It is not necessary to discuss the abstract question of slavery. If it were noic to be established; if the foot-prints of the bondsman, were now for the first time to mark the soil of our commou country; if the Constitution were now to be formed, it would be our duty to euter our solemn protest ogainst its introduction or recognition. We should feel a pleasure iu the adoption of a different policy from that imposed upon us by our British progenitors. Were they forged and riveted, we would strike the chains of bondage from human limbs. The Constitution of the United States however having guarantied to a certain extent, the existence ot slavery; and recognized the rights ot the people of the slave-holding States, in their peculiar property all such discussions in reference to the institution as it exists in those States, are properly precluded by a just sense of Con stitutional duty.

With slavery therefore, in the several States, there is not now, aud never has been, auyulispositinn on the part of the Government of Pennsylvania to interfere. Let ns examine how far the general charges, made against the people of the free States, apply to our citizens. To do so, with more clearness, a recital of the events preceding, and attendin the formation of tho Constitution, is deemed necessary and proper. Pennsylvania had beeu a slave-holding State. The introduction and use of servile labor, and tlie moral and political degradation of the colored race had been engrafted upon her liberal institutions, by the cupidity ot our British ancestry.

While the Revolution and tho separation of the colonies from the mother country were in progress and before the recognition of their in dependence by the government of Great Britain, her Legislature, by the act of the 1st of March, 1780, abolished slavery within her borders. A copy of that statute is hereto annexed. The preamble to this act in strong and appropriate language expresses an abhorrence of that condition of civil bondage to which the arms and tyrauuy of Great Britain were exerted to reduce us, acknowledges the benifieent agency of the Supreme God, iu our deliverance from tlie threatend dangers, and admits the great injustice and wrong done to the servile race, by means whereof they had been deprived of the common blessings to which they were by nature entitled and then in commemoration of our own happy escape from tyrannic aud despotic power, provides that all persons, a9 well negroes and mulattoes jas others, who shall be born within this State, from and after the date ot the said act, shall not be deemed and considered servants for life, or slaves. The further provisions of this humane law relate to the registry of slaves, the service of their children, their support when left indigent, their trial for offences and whilst it thus declares in most express terms, that no mau or woman, of any nation or color except registered slaves shall at any time thereafter be deemed, adjudged, or holdeu within the territories of this Commonwealth as slaves or servants for life, but as free men, and free women, it makes provision for the protection of the property ot nonresidents in slaves, or servants lor life, who may be so-journers for a period of six months. On the 29th of March, 1788.

another act intended to cure the defects in tho act ot 1st March, 1780, was passed, and is hereto annexed. These enactments made Pennsylvania a nou-slave-holding State; and in terms of the clearest and itnmgost character marked the determination of her people to abolish, forever, servile labor within her borders. Whilst the preamble to the first act recited, and embodied the reasons for the abolition of, ami expressed her feelings in relatiou to, the institution of slavery, it furnished notice, of tho most authentic kind, of her determined resistance to its increase and Gov. Jolmstons Special Message. We publish this morning the special message of Gov.

Johnston sent to the legislature Friday last, communicating resolutions passed by the legislature of Virginia and Georgia in reference to the slavery question, certain alleged violations on the part the north of the constitution of the United States. We have not space to comment upon this paper as we could wish. It is mild, hut firm, bold but truthful, and an eminently patriotic assertion and vindication the position ot Pennsylvania, in reference only to the slavery question and the alleged grievances of the south, but the constitution and the union of the states, and as such will arrest attention. It reviews with candor and impartiality the whole question raised by these alleged grievances expresses the sentiment of the whole people of the state in reference to them and the cause producing them, apd scans at once the action of our legislature and the powers of our courts in the premises. The recommendations of the message will doubtless receive the early attention of the legislature, and in a manner which shall at once attest our strict regard for the constitution, our respect for the rights of the states, and vindicate the people of the state from the charge which these resolutions prefer against them.

Daily News. Congress. In the Senate, on Monday Mr. Douglas, from the Committee on Territories, reported hill for the admission of the State of California into the Union, and a bill providing territorial governments for Utah, New Mexico, and for other purposes. This latter bill, we understand, proposes a money consideration to Texas, in the settlement of the boundaries between that State and New Mexico.

The California question was then debated by Mr. Hunter, and, after an executive session the Senate adjourned. In the House of Representatives, the hill supplying deficiencies in the appropriations the present fiscal year was passed after which the House resolved itself into Commute of the Whole, and considered the message in relation to California. Right for Once! The Times is in error in supposing that Mr. Wilmot is entitled to all the infamy which will yet fall upon tire authors of the Wilmot Proviso.

He is not the inventor of this humbug, which has well nigh proved a firebrand in the temple of the Union. On the contrary, it was invented by more wily and cunning political jugglers. Pennsylvanian. Pennsylvania is perfectly correct. Thoaias Jefferson devised and drafted what is now inaccurately denominated the Wilmot Proviso in 17S4 fifty-six years ago long be fore the Buchanans and Taneys had thought of pretending to be democrats.

That their application of such epithets to Mr. Jefferson is politic or in good taste, we do not affirm but it seems to come very easy. JY. Y. Trib.

Supreme judicature having sode cided the question, our law abiding citizens submitted, but with the determination, that in the spirit of that decision the officers of this Commonwealth should not be made the instruments even by possibility, on such slight foundation, as a claimants interested demand, of enslaving free men. To prevent this great possible wrong, the act of 3d March, 1847, repealing all legislation on the subject, ar.d forbidding the officers of the State, to take any part in the recapture of such alleged fugitives, was enacted. The constitutional provisions, and the act of Congress, our State has endeavored to carry into full effect. She has denied, and it is hoped, ever will deny, the power of Congress to impose the performance ol duties upon tier municipal and judicial officers, without her consent. An act of Congress, providing a mode of procuring due proof of tho correctness of the claim of the reputed owner of a fugitive from labor; and requiring satisfactory evidence from disinterested parties of the former condi lion of tho person claimed, would receive the sanction of our citizens, and their co-operation in carrying it into effect.

No enactment would satisfy the citizens of Pennsylvania, that failed to require strict proof of the right of the master. In this recital of her Legislative history, it is impossible to discover wherein this Commonwealth has been unfaithful to the National Constitution. If the obligations imposed upon us by the Constitution, have been thus faithfully discharged; and if every page of our history every volume of our laws demonstrate, that our federal relations have been honestly regarded is it not an act of injustice, on the part of Virginia and Georgia, to charge us with wilful neg.ect and infraction of our duties to the National compact Is it an agression for our people, in the exercise of the liberty of speech, to proclaim that slavery is an evil, and a wrong, and that at the adoption of the Constitution these principles were avowed and maintained 1 It is a wrong in them, to say, that power is vested in Congress to prohibit the introduction of slavery into the Territories, and to abolish it in the District of Columbia The federal Constitution denies to them no right to speak freely on these subjects. If it did, this Government never would nave existed clothed with power so despotic and unjust. Whether it is expedient to legislate upon the subject of the exclusion of slavery from the Territories, and of iti abolition in the District of Columbia at the present time by the National Congress, or to permit the people of the respective Territories, and the District of Columbia, to act for their own best interests and according to their own views of policy and right, is no part of our present duty to determine.

These questions may well be left to the Representatives in Congress, under the instructions of the people, to decide as may seem most conducive to the welfare of all sections of our common country but it is nevertheless, right and proper, and a duty we owe to the people of Pennsylvania to the memory of her early and patriotic statesmen to the reputation of the public men of the past generation, and to those now entrusted with her destinies, to deny in dignified and decided terms the insinuations and charges made against her faith and integrity. The allegation of infidelity to the national Union is best answered by the history of her devotion and attachment to this palladium of our civil and religious freedom. The alien and sedition laws of the national Congress while they found no sympathy in the hearts of her citizens, but roused their deepest and deadliest opposition, failed to provoke her people to enter into any arrangements for their resistance by force, even to a destruction of the Union. The extension of slavery over portions of the vast domains of the Louisianna purchase, although in direct opposition to her united and solemn protest and calculated to outrage the feelings of her people, produced no threats of dissolution. The prostration of her industrial pursuits, caused by the influence of the augmented slave representation in the National Congress, by the admission of Texas; while it deeply wounded, could not destroy her confidence and love for the national compact.

The compromise of the Revenue laws, made to win an erring sister to the duty of obedience to the Constitution and laws, by which the widespread ruin swept over her borders, wrung from her citizens no denunciations of the Federal Union, The refusal on the part of certain slaveholding States to deliver up, ahhongh required so to do, by express provision ot the Constitution, kidnappers, whose wrong doing was against the very sovereignty ot the Commonwealth, furnished, in her opinion, no valid reason for assembling conventions to disrupt the confederation ot the States. All these acts, so injurious to her people, might have authorized deep and loud complaints, but her love for the Union, rendered her silent; and induced the hope, that different and more friendly counsels would prevail. Her voice was heard only in kind remonstrance. No harsh complaints of a violated Constitution and invaded rights were uttered, to wound a brothers ear, and interrupt the social and kindred friendship of a united people. She remembered that we were a common people, that a common purpose, lor the advancement ot human rights, had produced our connection, that a common danger had united us in lraternal bonds, and that a common destiny awaited us.

She reflected that the same soil had been red with the blood of a common ancestry, and that the same religion, laws, institutions, habits, and pursuits, governed, and guided, and marked our common pathway. Relying on the justice and fraternal feelings of a common country, she believed that her rights and interests would be, in proper time, admitted recognized and protected. Tne attachment of Pennsylvania to the Union during her entire career, has been as pure and ardent as it was in the first hours of its existence, and her faith in its stability and permanent preservation has never changed. She feels that the cement of the Union is the heart-blood of the entire people; and thai in the hands of the masses the fabric of liberty is placed beyond the reach of its secret foes. She confidently believes, that to prevent its disruption and overthrow, in the common danger, would be found side by side, as of old, the sons of Virginia.

Georgia and Pennsylvania, patriotically and nobly striving, in a common purpose, to plant on a higher, saler, holier, and more stable basts the National banner, and united therewith, forever and indestructible, the Virtue. Liberty and Independence" of Pennsylvania; the Sic semper Tirannis of Virginia; and the IVisdom, Justice and of Georgia. In obedience to the constitutional dufy requiring me to transmit such information to the Legislature as may be deemed pertinent to the welfare of the people, I Leg leave to submit these resolves ot Virginia and Georgia, with this message and to request the passage of such resoluiions, to he forwarded to the Executives of Georgia and Virginia, as may indicate the injustice done to this Commonwealth, in the declarations made by their Legislatures while at the same time we offer assurances of our cordial respect for, and faithful support of, the Naiional Constitution and Union and of our sincere, and fraternal feelings towards iheir people as citizens of a common country. WM. F.

JOHNSTON. Harrisburg, March 22, 1850. in of the Union, and the District of Columbia, are Tuesday, one account says On taking his seat in the dock, Prof. Webster smiled as he saluted several of his friends and acquaintances, to some of whom he familiarly nodded, and a stranger would have taken him for an ordinary spectator. He wore his spectacles, and sat with case and dignified composure in the dock, occassionally shaking hands with some of his friends.

The countenance of the prisoner indicated to the physiognomist strong animal passion ami irrascible temperament. The cheek bones are high and the mouth, with compressed lips, betray great resolution and firmness of character the forehead is inclined to angular, rather low and partially retreating standing below the middle height, and by no means a man of strong muscular strength. The prisoner being called upon, stood up firmly the dock and pleaded 4 Not Guilty, in a strong and firm tone of voice, and while several of the Jurors were being examined and questioned by the Court, as to whether or not they had firmed or expressed an opinion, he manifested much anxiety as to the answer given. In the course of the examination, officer Edward J. Jones attended the prisoner at the dock, and his counsel, Wm, E.

Soliier, and Judge Merrick, took their places immediately outside, near the prisoner, and were actively engaged scrutinizing the Jury panel, and attending to the swearing in of the Jurors. A jury having been obtained. Attorney General Clifford made the opening address to them, of what the prosecution expected to prove. After invoking them to discard all prejudices and personal feeling, he said the Government, in the course of the trial, would introduce testimony to prove that on Friday, the 23d of November, 1849, at a little after 1 oclock, A. M-, Dr.

Parkman, who was a man of most regular habits, had just purchased before his regular dinner-hour a quantity of lettuce, which was at that time of the year a very rare luxury, and it was evident that Dr. Parkman had, in purchasing that article at that time of the day, the intention of eating it at his dinner-table on that day. The Government would also introduce testimo ny to prove that Dr. Parkman was not at his house on that day at his usual dinner-hour, nor ever after that the last time he was seen on that Friday, was while he was entering the Medical College in Grove street, and although many persons had at first declared that they had seen him at or after five oclock, P. M.

on the day of his disappearance, yet when these statements had been examined, it was proved that they were all mistaken as to the day or the hour of the day in question. On the Saturday succeeding the 23d November, the streams around the city, were searched, and the Police was put in requisition, to discover, if possible, the body of the missing man. Large rewards were offered by the family and the relatives of the Doctor for the recovery of the body, alive or dead. On Sunday, for the first time, Dr. Parkmans friends learned from Dr.

Webster himself, that he had been in company with him on Friday, between 1 and 2 oclock. On the 30th of November there were found in a privy vault in the Medical College, the pelvis and right thigh to the knee, of a body corresponding to that of Dr. Parkman. On the evening after were found in Dr. Websters laboratory, in a tea chest, a thorax and left thigh, froiu the knee to the hips.

Afterward were found in the furnace of Dr Webster, bones, quantity of gold, and a block of mineral teeth. None of the bones found in the furnace were duplicates of those found in the tea chest or vault. The teeth would be fully identified by Dr. Keep as a set which he lately made for Dr. Parkman, and a mould would be shown which exactly corresponded to a j.nv bone found in the furnace.

The thorax was perforated in the region of the heart. There has been chemical applications of strong alkali to the remains and the veines had not been injected with any preservative fluid. This wras the evidence going to show that Dr. Parkman has been murdered. The next inquiry was, who committed the murder 1 It would be shown that a connection subsisted between the prisoner and deceased commencing in 1842, from which time forward Professor Webster has been much embarrassed for money, and at one time the whole of his property was mortgaged to Dr.

Parkman, who was a man who acted, and wished to be judged by a stringent rule. In 1842, Dr. Parkman lent the prisoner $400 on his note, and subsequently advanced him sums for which his whole property became mortgaged including a cabinet of minerals. Dr. Park-uian learned that the same mineral cabinet was mortgaged to Robert G.

Shaw, through that gentleman himself. The conveyance thus duly made irritated Dr. Parkman, who determined to have his money, and he accordingly pushed Prof. Webster for his debt, as the latter had been a fraudulent and dishonest man. Webster said he would pay all when he got the price of his tickets to his lectures in the Medical College in Grove street.

The Professors of that College had made arrangements with a gentleman to collect tlie price of these tickets. Dr. Parkman, about the 19th Nov. (the lectures having commenced on the 7th) allied on Dr. Webster and asked for his money.

He was told that he (Dr. had paid away the money he had got to various parties on the 24th. Dr. Parkman went again, and met no better success. Ho then said he would trustee Dr.

Webster, and that he was a dishonest man. On the 22d Dr. Parkman went out to Cambridge, and again some unpleasant thing occurred and this was the relation the parties stood on the morning of the 23d Nov. the day Dr. Parkman disappeared.

Dr. Webster called at Dr. Parkmans house on that morning, and it would he shown that an appointment was made to meet at the Medical College. The hour was one when the students were not within the College. Mr.

Petty, the collector, had called at the College that same morning, and told Dr. Webster of Dr. Parkmans threatenings, when he said 41 You will have no further trouble I have settled that affair. Mr. Petty paid him $90 at that time.

It would be shown that not one cent of that $90 went to the payment of Dr. but had been banked to the credit of the depositor on the next day. There was no lecture at the College on Saturday or Monday. On the Friday of Dr. Parkmans disappearance, Dr.

W. was late at the College, and also on Saturday and Sunday; and that the doors were fastened, altho it was unusual to be so. The key was also carried away from its usual place and on the cleaning day, (Saturday,) the janitor went into Dr. Websters back room, and attempted to get into the laboratory, when he ordered him to go by another wav- On that day Dr. Parkmans friends had advertised his disappearance.

They had been all on terms of intimacy with Dr. Websters family On the afternoon of Sunday Dr. said to Mr. Francis Parkman, that he had seen his father On Friday and tlie manner of making the communication was so striking that it was remarked much at the time. Dr.

W. also made statements to other parties, substantially to the effect that Dr. Parkman had come to him at the College, when he paid him the money he owed, and seizing it immediately lie made his way out. He was asked back, and took a pen dashing out the signature, ran out taking two steps at a time in going down stairs, and saying he should see to the bond being cancelled. There was a discrepancy in bis statements, however, concerning the amount of the money this also would he seen to have a reference to the amounts i received and payed away and the papers also showed that the whole was a fable and fiction that he represented concerning money matters.

Now there were a variety of facts for further con-iideratiou. The Thursday after the disappearance of Dr. Parkman was Thanksgiving and although there wras no lectures in the College, Dr. Webster was there that he wanted no fire, but yet had such an one as never was known to be used before. He had also, at the same period, purchased fish-hooks, and had a grapple made with them.

They wTerc tied with marlin, and this agreed in comparison with a piece of twine found round the thigh got in the privy. The search was commenced iu the College on Monday after Dr. Park-man went away and on that, and on the Tuesday, by the officer, in company with Mr. Kinsley. Dr.

Parkmans agent and the conduct of Dr. Webster on that day would be shown to be conspicuous. There was a firo that day in the fur- He any It its a if an to iu ot the on he it Or two hundred and sixty-four removals in tlie Departments in Washington since tlie fourth of March, 1849, when Gen. Taylor took the Presidential chair In reply to a question by Mr Dodge, of Iowa, Mr. Smith said that be had obtained his information from persons intimately acquainted in the Departments; and no doubt the statement approximated to the truth.

Washington, March 25tli. Calhoun Recovering Ploughing Match Hon. John C. Calhoun is much better to day, and his recovery is now confidently looked for. An exhibition of the merits of Reynold's self sharpening plough took place this morning.

President Taylor and a number of members of Congress were present, and expressed themselves highly pleased. The President exhibited his skill as a farmer by beating all present in handling the plough. are in possession of all the facts as early as the Bostonians themselves. The evidence given by Drs. Keep and Wyman, and the Janitor.

Littlefield, carry out a chjiin of circumstantial events which go hard against the accused, and the rebutting testimony must be very powerful indeed to upset their statements. It appears that Dr. Parkman was of an irritable temperament on the particular subject of money, ami on his interview with Dr. Webster about the claim he had against the latter, harsh words may have ensued, leading to blows, and eventually to murder. The features of this melancholy destruction of life are very similar to the case of Colt, who was tried and convicted in this city for the murder of Adams, in 1842.

In either case it is not presumed murder was premeditated but in the heat of passion, the parties forgot themselves lost command over their tempers, and in an unguarded moment took away life. To hide the evidence of the facts, means are resorted to to secrete the crime, which in both instances revealed the truth. When the unlucky blow or blows were given which prostrated the antagonist, they should have given an alarm, and in both instances they no doubt would have shown sufficient cause for the act, and escaped the penalty which awaits the wilful murderer. It is not the death of Parkman that will convict Webster. but the concealing and destroying the body.

Certain small potatoe pettifoggers have been trying to get up a demonstration amongst themselves for the purpose of gaining a little notoriety as friends of the Union. They gave the people to understand that a monster which they termed Disunion was to be made of huge dimensions, and that on Friday evening last this dreadful wooden nondescript was to be carried to the Park, and then and there in the presence of the multitude was to be hanged, drawn and quartered, guillotined, drowned, and otherwise 11 kilt. In consequence of the report being well circulated, hundreds of boys assembled in the Park, expecting to see fun they were however doomed to disappointment. Disunion did not make its appearance in the Park, no more than it will in any other place. The boys were sadly disappointed, and so will sundry worthless traitors be in not seeing the confederacy of States dissolved.

The wooden disunion could not be built because the instigators could not raise the dollars, and wise men declined putting theirs to any such unworthy purpose. So it will be with those who clamor for disunion of the Union; they are too insignificant to heed, and men of reason and common sense laugh at the madmen, and wonder where fools are manufactured. The steamer Niagara brings no news of interest to the farmer. Grain and provisions remained at prices which will not pav to ship. Cotton had slightly declined, this was entirely unexpected by speculators on this side of the Atlantic they fully-looked for a rise.

The expected trouble in France amounted to nothing. The banquet was held and everything passed off quietly. It was hardly to be expected the Ministers of Louis Napoleon would split upon the same rock that shivered the Bourbon and Orleans Dynasty. The Russian Emperor had sent a note to the English Secretary for Foreign affairs relative to Greece. This was a fine opportunity Old Nich thought for giving Lord Palmerston quid pro quo alias the Turkish Question and the Hungarian Exiles.

Business is beginning to assume a spring character. The North Biver is open to Albany and the steamboats daily plying thereto. The canal will not be in navigable condition before the latter part of April. The water might be letin now without danger, but owing to the Erie Canal being enlarged, the Commissioners wish to put off opening as long as possible, so as to give them a chance to push on the work. It is expected a large spring trade will be done, and our merchants must be very cautious they are not done also.

Speculation is rife, and real estate is fast reaching the days of 1836. Holders of property that understand the ways of the world, are letting their bouses and lots slide into gold as fast as they can, giving those a chance to fish, who delight in catching clams at high tide. These knowing old fellows sell for one half cash, and take mortgage for the balance, and in five years the property is theirs again. In 1837, thousands of lots fell back into the hands of the original holders who sold in 1835-36, and after quietly pocketing the cash paid down, got back their lots besides this will be done again. An Englishman named Joseph Cately, was found dead in his bed on Thursday morning, having died during the night in a fit of apoplexy.

This man was well known in Philadelphia and New York, as a Book agent. For some years he has been in the employ of Carey and Hart, of Philadelphia, as a Solicitor for subscriptions to their works, especially, a on the Horse, Wilkes Exploring expedition, and more recently the Dead Sea expedition this work, I believe, he was engaged in at the time of his death. Cately was an odd genius, and had no rival as a book seller, he knew his customers well, and had a different story for each, if it suited his purpose. I could relate some laughable anecdotes about him, but he has left a wife and family. and as they would not redound to his credit, we will bury them with his mortal remains.

A fire broke out last night about ten oclock, at No. 31. Fulton Street, near the East River, which at one time threatened to be of a very destructive character. By the exertions of the firemen, the fire was confined to stores 29 and 31, which however, were nearly both destroyed with their contents. The operatives of all the principal trades had meetings during the week, for the purpose of devising means to have their wages increased.

Generally speaking, the employers have acceded to their terms, and tne men gone to work. Provisions and Rents are full 25 per cent higher than last year, and it Vvas absolutely necessary they should have an increase of wages. Two vessels have been purchased, and are now being fitted out by individual en-terprize, to go in search ef Sir John Franklin, in the frozen regions. Mr. Gunnell, a wealthy merchant of this city, is the originator of this benevolent undertaking, and has headed the subscription list with dollars.

830,000 has been subscribed, and no doubt, whatever deficiency remains will soon be foithcoming. By the last steamer, we are informed, the Queen has offered 20,000, neatly 8100,000, to any one who may discover and successfully relieve him and his crew. This is a very liberal inducement, but our merchants undertake this matter as a labor of love and duty. The elo queut ap pealsof Lady Franklin, have aroused the sympathies of all maritime nations, and it would ill become the merchants of tbi5 Country to be backward in tois glorious endeavor to rescue the hardy and of by on and of of not a for is Trial of Dr. AVebster.

A singular interest attaches to the investigation of the supposed murder of Dr. Parkman at Boston. We do not consider the identification of the body completely established. Mr. Shaw', the brother-in-law of the late Doctor, admitted, that, although he believed, from the color of the hair on the mutilated remains, the limbs found in Dr.

Websters apartments to he a portion of Dr. Parkmans body it still would not have occurred to him that they were such, had he not known previously that the deceased was missing. Of a similar nature was the testimony several distinguished medical gentlemen, not one of whom could be brought to assert any more than that they discovered nothing in the remains to show that they could not have been those of Dr. Parkman. Dr.

Keep the dentist, and Mr. Noble his assistant, examined the false teeth found in Websters furnace, and were confident they were those made for Dr. Parkman. Littlefield, the janitor, is the principal witness for the prosecution. We agree with the New York Era that the evidence of this man does not amount very much, if unsustained and unsupported something more pregnant.

His manner was decidedly bad throughout, giving strong ground for suspecting malicious motives, on his part ainst the prisoner. It was evidently his wish throughout to make every point tell as strongly as possible against the accused. His remark, on the fact of Dr. Webster having kindly given him a Turkey for his Thanksgiving dinner, that the Doctors giving away a cent's worth was wonderful in the extreme, or words to that effect, shows, under the circum stances, an odious spirit; and the whole narra tive of his plottings with his wife and others detect some little incident of evidence, and of his researches for the fragments of the sup posed murdered man researches interrupted by dressings to go to parties, and dancing nineteen times out of twenty dances, at tlie ball of the Sons of Temperance all constitute as nasty a piece of small, dirty, prying Yankee inquisitiveness and suspiciousness as we ever fell upon. Still it is not to be said that bis evi dence showed any tokens of being false or sub orned, and it must of course be met strongly by the defence, in order to destroy its effects in in criminating the prisoner.

family to keep secret certain papers, which the government got, and they turned out to le two notes to Dr. Parkman, and another paper which required explanation that the government could not give. It would also be shown that certain letters had been written by the prisoner to divert public suspicion from the Medical College. Upon all this mass of circumstances nothing has been said at all in the way of explanation. Dr.

Webster had done what he had a right to do and remained without asking the government to furnish him with evidence against him. It was to be hoped he could give an explanation that would satisfy the minds of the jury, and of the whole civilized world no one would rejoice more than he, (Mr. Clifford) that his innocence should appear as clear as noon-day but if unable so to do, the evidence tnat could be produced was calculated to bear with great weight upon the fact of his guilt. The indictment was composed of four counts; although, if left to his own decision the government officer would have merged them all in the last one. It would, perhaps, have been at the risk of justice that the count including stabbing would have been left out; but there were circumstances and appearances which justified the supposition that violence had been done to Dr.

Parkman by the use of some instrument. A hammer, which had long been in the laboratory, vvas missing at the time the offence is charged to have been committed, and had never since been seen. But, even although no mode or means could be testified to, by which Dr. Paikman had come to bis death through murder, it would be nevertheless justifiable on the part of the jury to return a verdict of guilty a voluntary killing being proved. If there was not a provocation proved that constituted manslaughter, or a clear exoneration from the charge, this result would attach itself to the duty of the Jury.

If the evidence placed beyond reasonable doubt the fact that the prisoner did commit murderous violence on the body of Dr. Parkman, the deduction would be obvious if otherwise the law, which would be explained, would teach them what latitude should he given to the doubt. Mr. Cliffords remarks were distinguished by much feeling and kindly forbearance. His address lasted two hours and a quarter.

The Court then proceeded to take the testimony, and severai witnesses were examined, among them R. G. Shaw, the brother-in-law of the deceased, who recognized his remains, but added that he could not have done so had he been ignorant of Dr. P.s disappearance. A number of witnesses were examined on Wednesday, but their testimony is of little interest.

The following is important: Dr. Frederick Ainsworth, sworn I am a Demonstrator of Anatomy in the Medical College. All subjects must come through my hands; I keep a record of all anatomical materials; my attention was called to the records at the time of finding these remains; I discovered that ail the subjects and materials I ought to have were accounted for I then examined the remains themselves, and was satisfied that they were never sent to me or the College for dissection. All the subjects sent are injected with fluid in order to keep them in a state of perservation for, which purpose a solution of arsenical acid or chloride of zinc, with a saturated solution of alum and saltpetre is used. Dr.

Webster has no connection with the anatomical department. My impression is that the person who cut up these remains had no anatomical knowledge. The person who did it might have seen a body cut up, but I should doubt whether he ever took a kniie in his hand to do it. Dr. Charles T.

Jacksov, sworn Chemist by profession one of those who examined the remains was called Saturday afternoon, Dec. 1 met Dr. Gay and Dr. Lewis at the Medical College made the preliminary arrangements for the examination. Dr.

Gay and myself undertook the chemical part there were submitted to us some bones, and the contents of a small assay furnace; saw the remains; did not think they had been used for anatomical purposes; thought the dissection showed some anatomical skffi, because the flesh had been dissected boldly from the ribs do' to the cartilages the clavical had been disartieited neatly there was no hacking about the thigh have seen the post mortem report of Drs. Lewis, Gay and Stone, and do not disagree with it; knew Dr. Parkman well he was then literally a dry muscular subject a strong solution of caustic potash had been applied to the remains. The deposition in the hands of the Counsel is mine all in my hand-writing except the title. The deposition was received by Mr.

Bemis. It related to the action of Potash on the remains and to the green fluid found on the staircase, and detailed minutely the purposes of chemical examination into which the doctor entered by direction of the Police. I took the blood vessels I had delivered to Dr. Gay; they were in tlie same identical papers in which I gave tliam to Mr. Richard Crosby, a skilful chems ist who works in my laboratory; lie made a previou examination I gave the papers to him to complete his researches; he repeated their results; the effect of a strong solutien of potash is to dissolve the flesh, after a while; it is done quicker with heat.

How long would it take to dispose of a body with potash 1 It would depend upon circumstances; if the body were cut up into small pieces it would be done quicker; it would be by boiling, like making soap. How much potash would it take to dissolve such a body 1 It probably would have weighed one hundred and forty pounds, and about half that amount of potash would be to dissolve it less could destroy the identity the largest vessel I saw in the laboratory was a tin boiler with a copper bottom, similar to those used for washing; nitric acid would be the next best substance to dissolve a body; not the best, because it would require vessels that would not be acted upon by the acid; potash could be used in iron, copper or tin it would require of nitric acid about the weight of the body to dissolve it thoroughly, bones and all the nitrous gas given off would be ruinous te health, in a great quantity if immediately heated it would give off a little if boiled it would come off abundantly it might be easily sent up an open chimney saw a few bottles of nitric acid there were dark stains on the sairs leading down from the lower laboratory, and on the side wall there was a greenish fluid which seemed to have been spattcud there by being spilled on the stairs it was most abundant opposite the stairs where the stairs were tlie darkest and toward the bottom of the s.airs the fluid was examined and proved to be nitrate of copper that i3 a deliquescent salt, and attracts moisture and remains fluid for a long time it might have been this fluid for several days alter we took some of it. What would he the effect of nirate of copper upon the blood, It is a strong astringent; I delivered that part of the examination to Dr. Jeffries Wyman as more proper for Microscopic observation saw pantaloons and slippers with blood on them; left Dr. Wyman to examine them.

Cluod being an organism, ths Microscope is the only proper test of it the Microscope is an essential instru ment with which to watch the progress of chemical action on it a chemist might destroy a small quantity of blood before he had discovered what it was. The Microscope is infallible. There were found in the furnace several small pieces of copper, such as arc punched out in making strainers, and such as chemists commonly use in making nirate of copper. The nirate was still adhering to them they had been blackened by heat, and were thinner than the pieces found in one of the drawers, to which, in other respects, they were exactly embraced iu tho following provisions The powers of Congress over the territories of the Union, and the District of Columbia, are embraced in the following provisions First. New States may be admitted by Congress into tho Union.

Congress shall have power to dispose of, and make all needful rules and regulations, respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States: and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the United States or any particular State. Second Congress has the right to exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever over such district, (not exceeding ten miles square, as may, by cession of particular States and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of Government of the United States. The parts of the Constitution hereinbefore detailed and mentioned below, embrace all the provisions necessary or essential for our present purpose. 1. The slave representation in the National Congress.

2. The non- importation of slaves after 1808. 3. The extradition of fugitives from labor. 4.

The authority of Congress over the territories. 5. The authority of Congress over the District of Columbia. Which of these provisions of the National Constitution, has been cenroached upon by Pennsylvania There is no part of her history Legislative, Executive or Judicial, that shows auy interference with the rights of representation belonging to Virginia or Georgia. No charge has been made against her faithful observance of that portion of the Constitution in relation to the importation, or non-importation of slaves.

The authority of Congress to establish slavery in territories wherem it docs not exist, this State has denied, in mild and frend-ly terms and in submitting heretofore to the exercise of the power when new slave-holding States have been admitted, no bitterness has marked her complaints and protests. The authority of Congress to abolish slavery in the District of Columbia, is apparent, unless the words employed confering it, gives less and a different power when inserted in Constitutions, than when used in other portions of the written and spoken language of the country. The complaint in relation to the non-delivery of fugitives from labor will be best answered by a review of the laws enacted on the subject. The act of 17S0, although it denied the use of slave property to her own citizens, with a careful regard for the rights of the slave-holding States, permitted sojurners to retain the ownership of such property for six consecutive months, within the State. The frequent evasions of this part of the statute, and the effort made to extend slavery to the offspring of slave mothers caused the act of 29th of March 1788.

The Constitutional provision before mentioned for the reclamation of fugitives followed after, and was supposed to place all power over the subject in the National Legislature. The act of Congress of 12th Febuary 1793, entitled an act respecting fugitives from justice and persons escaping from the service of their masters appeared to confirm thisopinion. It was believed however, that a concurrent jurisdiction is vested in the National and State Legislatures. At the request of a number of gentlemen of the neighboring State of Maryland, as is stated in the argument in the case of Prigg vs Commonwealth, the act of 25th March 1826, was passed. Three objects were intended to be secured by this legislation, to wit the delivery of fugitives from labor, the protection of fiee colored people, and the prevention of kidnapping.

The 1st and 2d sections describe the offence of kidnapping and prescribe its punishment. The propriety and justice of its enactments cannot be questioned. The other sections of this statute relative to the reclamation of fugitives from labor and the powers given to the owner to retake his property and the obligations to aid and co-operate with him, imposed upon the officers of this Commonwealth, was of such charachr as ought to have satisfied all reasonable and fair-dealing men, as the disposition of this Commonwealth, to have the provisions of of the Constitution, and tho act of Congress, completely carried into effect. While the law provided ample security for the safe keeping of the alleged fugitive, until the owner might have an opportunity to obtain the proof of his former condition, it required other proof of this fact, than the oath of the interested claimant, or his agent or attorney. The provisions of this law were fair and equitable, and well calculated to aid the owner in the recovery of his property and it is deemed a matter of surprise that it was contested and annulled, through the ageney of the same State whose citizens had procured its enactment.

The guards, in the statute, intended to preserve the liberty of the free man, would by the investigation It demanded, cause some trouble in procuring the final extradition of the fugitive slave. The proof of property, by other evidence than the oath of the claimant, was certainly demanding as little as our Southern friends, in justice, should have desired, when they asked the aid of the official power of the Commonwealth, to send from her jurisdiction and territory, human beings, invoking the protection and guardianship of her laws. The Supreme Court however decided, that the provisions of said law, imposing restraints upon the claimants power to remove the alleged fugitive were unconstitutional. If tho restrictions imposed by the statute were intended to aid the escape, or to prevent the extradition of the fugitive, the accuracy of the decision, cannot be doubted, but if these guards were inserted as necessary to protect the liberty of the freeman, the decision was wrong, unless it was adjudged that the sole authority over the subject wa9 vested in Congress. This decision, left to the master the authority to claim as provided in the Constitu Tlie calm after the storm.

The shadows, clouds, and darkness, whilom hovering over the Capitol at Washington, we rejoice to see, are rapidly receding before the rays of returning reason the crisis is past the fever has abated the republic is safe; and the sober second thought exerting its influence. Nullification and disunion are dying out. Passion, now, does not predominate over reason, nor bitter hostility over kindness and compromise. The war of words in the Capitol is over. The roar of tlie heavy artillery is silenced.

Men there are thinking and deliberating, now, not talking and threatening. At least, when there is anything to say it does not necessarily and by consequenco link itself with Slavery. There is grateful evidence of this in the last weeks proceedings of the House of Representatives. In the Senate there is doubtless some just arrangement of the difficulty elaborating conjointly by the great minds there. Perchance we shall know what it is, in the course of the current week.

The Washington Republic, a press that is supposed to be in the closest confidence of the Administration, we may remark, throws out an intimation that, though is persuaded (as we are) that the plan proposed by Gen. Taylor is the best that has yet been offered for the settlement of the slavery question, it will, nevertheless, support any other feasible measure which may receive the assent of Congress. In other words, the President will forego his plan, if deemed expedient, and patriotically sustain a scheme, even from the opposition, which may give promise of a final adjustment. These views, thus put forth, were brought out by the resolutions submitted by Mr. Bell, and which now seem to take the lead of all other propositions pending before the two Houses.

The effect will be, the nomination of the committee of thirteen, who will take up and consider the schemes introduced by various parties Mr. Clay's and Mr. Webster's, of course, included in the category. California must be admitted a place in the great family of states. She has come a long way, to visit us, and through many a peril, that older states with a stock of experience might have sunk under.

It is inhospitable and unkind to keep her longer knocking at our doors. Let us take her by tlie hand, and extend to her that welcome cordially due to our sister of the golden gates. The poular mind, North and South, is now not in the least ruffled or disturbed, if we see and read rightly. The phantom of disunion lias ceased to frighten. It has done no harm.

Nay, it has done much good for it has drawn out, and shows us to advantage what the sentiment of the American people is on tlie subject. Ho or they who have the temerity to set up schemes in opposition to that sentiment, mighty and overwhelmingly unanimous as it has shown and is showing itself to be, do but rush headlong upon destruction. They sink down to a grave of political darkness, beyond the remotest hope of resurrection or redemption Express. Essence of Ginger. J.

Gish, North Queen st has been appointed agent for the sale of Brown's Essence of Jamaica Ginger, an article which is highly recommended as a safe and powerful stimulant. Admitted to the Bar. On Monday, 25th on motion of I. E. Ileister, Lsq.

Henry A. Wade, was admitted to practice law in the several courts of Lancaster County. of to by to Auditor General and Surveyor General. A bill passed the House of Representatives, on Thursday last, providing for the election of the Auditor General and Surveyor General by the people, at the next general election. The Senate passed a bill providing for the election of Prosecuting Attorneys.

We trust that these bills may become laws, as they cannot fail to receive the universal approbation of the citizens of our Commonwealth. the State of New York, it is estimated that upwards of twenty-five millions of dollars are annually expended for drinks at 7,000 grog shops existing in the cities of that State, exclusive of villages. In that State upwards of 36,000 intemperate persons were arrested in 1849, and it is estimated that from four-fifths to nine-tenths of all the crime committed has its origin in intemperance. What food for contemplation does the above short paragraph afford. jpa Vermont, by annual election, has again decided against granting licenses for sale of intoxicating drinks.

The vote just held shows the following result; for licenses, 12, GOO; against licenses, 19,940 majority against the licenses, 7,350. Every county in the state, but Washington and Essex, went with the majority. Itissaid that every boy servant on a farm requires a man to look after him. The following is also a rural saying 44 One boy is a boy two boys are half a boy three boys are ne'er a boy at all. The Seneca Observer says that Mr.

Al-pheus Miller, liquor merchant of Auburn, came to his death at Waterloo, on Saturday last, in consequence of drinking too much liquor. He was challenged by an individual to test their respective powers of drinking, and Miller fell a victim to his folly. His competitor escaped by vomiting the liquor from his stomach, ere it had taken effect. SThe Sunday Despatch in noticing the adjournment of the New Jersey Legislature says that it was for the purpose of allowing the members to attend a hentrot, and avows his ignorance of what a 44 hen trot is. In order that he may no longer remain in darkness on the subject, we inform him that a hen trot is a hen trot, and nothing more or less.

Two hens are trained to go through a trotting match like horses at a race. The amusement is an English one. Who can Beat This. Mr. George German, of East Lampeter township, Lancaster county, aged 77 years, we have learned from good authority, last week, ploughed six acres of corn-stubble ground in two and oue fourth days.

This, certainly, will be hard to beat by any man of his age. Press California Gold Thief. A fellow named Jas. L. McCullough stole a lump of California gold, one day last week, from a Mr.

Martin who had just returned from that country, and was residing at Marietta. Mac. was pleased with the exploit, and so confessed the thief to Jacob Martin, a brother of the loser, who had him arrested, and taken to Lancaster for trial, by Constable Loyer. He ought to suffer some, if not more. How to Puzzle the Rogues.

In the genuine notes of the State Bank of Ohio there are as many human figures represented as the bill is worth dollars. If the counterfeiters wish to alter the small bills to large ones, as $1 to $'100, they would have to put in ninety-nine human figures a thing not quite so easily done. Suicide. The wife of Mr. Solomon Stein-mentz, of Hanover township, Northampton county.

aged 36 years, committed suicide on Saturday last, by cutting her throat with a knife and afterwards jumping into a cistern, thus completing the deed by drowning herself. Sickness of some years duration induced her to commit the act. Self-Culture. Schools, colleges and institutes, are the means of diffusing education. Under our present systems, there is scarcely any excuse for ignorance.

Schools are open to all. Still there may be some who are deprived of these advantages in early youth. Let them not despair. Self culture cau accomplish wonders. Watt, the great machinist, applied to set up store without a license in England lie was refused he applied in Scotland, but lie was, also, refused there.

Finally he got permission from the University to open a store in their midst. He constructed machines he found works on machines in the dead languages. lie got dictionaries and grammars, and learned these languages himself, and finally gave the steam engine to the world. The Congress of the States in session in New York, Virginia, Georgia, and Pennsylvania, represented therein, on the 13th July, 1787, passed au ordinance with great uuatiimity, that slavery, or voluntary servitude should never be established, except for crime, within the then territories of the Confederated States. There is uo exception or saving clause; no line of compromise or designation of degrees of latitude to imit the area of freedom, but an entire, absolute, iiud unconditional prohibition of the institution in all the territories then under the jurisdiction of the Congress.

The act of 1780 had given notice to the other States, of the views entertained by Pennsylvania, on this important subject. The ordinance ot the 13th July, 1787, was conceived in the same spirit, and gave an assurance, that the evils of human bondage should never be extended and would eventually cease to exist among a free people. It was in this belief that the citizens ol Pennsylvania consented to a Constitution, which recognized to some extent the institution of slavery: The Constitution being adopted went into operation ou the 2d April, 1783. It contains the following provisions, directly or iudirectly connected with the servitude of the colored race First as regards representation, it provides, 44 That representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole uuuiber of free persons, including those bound to service fora term oi years, and excluding Iudians not taxed, three-fifths of iill other persons. Second, 44 The migration or importation of such persons as auy of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by Congress prior to the year 1808; but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each person.

Third, 44 No person held to service or labor in one State, under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up on tlie claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due. The provision iu the Constitution limiting the duration oi the slave traffic; and the act of the National Congress immediately preceding adoption, in relation to its nnn-exteusiou to the territories of the Union, would seem to leave no doubt upon the mind, that it was the intention and meaning of the framers of the Constitution to prevent tlie extension and increase of human slavery aud at an early period to secure its entire abolition in the several States. The qualified representation of the servile race, and the delivery ot fugitives were concessions made to tho people of the sluveholding States. To this organic law, containing these provisions, Pennsylvania gave her ussent; and it is therefore a duty on her part to respect with religious fidelity, tho rights therein guarantied to other States. That this Commonwealth has been faithful in the discharge of all her federal obligations it is believed can be made manifest.

It is true that her busiuess pursuits, have been frequently interrupted; it is true that her just weight in the national councils has beeu lessened by the representation of the servile race it is true that the representation of property instead of people has been felt by her citizens as auti-Republican and wrong; nevertheless she has always felt it a duty faithfully to discharge her obligations as a member of the National Union. The institution of slavery has assumed a new position and importance by the successful attempt to extend it beyond its original limits. In very instance of the kind this Commonwealth Wealth ok California. Hon. Thomas Butler King's official report of liis mission at California, unavoidably delayed by Mr.

King1 indisposition, has now been communicated to the President, though not yet made public. It is, we learn, a highly interesting and important document. Mr. King estimates tlie value of the gold obtained in California, up to this time, at forty millions and the aggregate pro duct of the two succeeding years, 1851 and 1852, at one hundred millions. He recommends to the United States Government not to sell the gold lands, but to grant leases, or permits, for digging and washing gold on them, at a rent of one ounce for every pound obtained.

He proposes tha- leases for regular mining operations be granted at a fixed continent rent. He advises that no permits or leases be issued to any but citizens of the United States, or persons who declare their purpose of becoming U. S. citizens 50 Mr. Gail Borden, of Galveston, Texas, has published a pamphlet, announcing that he has discovered a new process of preserving the nutritious properties of meat.

Tho invention is termed meat biscuit, and it is stated that one of it will make a pint of rich invigorating animal and farinaceous soup. This meat biscuit is thus prepared Fresh beer is boiled along time in pure 4 water, and until the nutritive portions of the beef, or other meat, immediately on its being 4 slaughtered, are, by long boiling, separated 4 from the bones and fibrous and cartilaginous matters. The water holding the nutritious 4 matters, in solution, is evaporated to a con-4 siderable degree of spissitude this is then 4 made into a dough with firm fine wheaten 4 flour the dough rolled, and cut into the form 4 biscuits, is then desiccated, or baked in an 4 oven at a moderate heat. The cooking, both 4 of the flour and the animal food, is complete. English Horses.

BySv late census of En gland, the number tffhorses in that country has been found to have diminished from 1,000, 000 to 200,000 within the last ten years other words, the Railroads have dispensed with the use 800,000 horses and these animals, as well as oxen are now scarcely used for trans portation, and thus the grain and food which the 800,000 horses formerly consumed have been dispensed with, and used for the growth of grain alone for the supply of bread. Enlarging the Capitol. The Committee on Public Buildings in the U. S. Senate, have agreed to recommend that the capitol at Wash ington be enlarged by an addition of 150 feet on each end, for new Senate and Representative chambers.

nace; and Dr. W. seemed very anxious jThe only class of men in the world, the Chicago Journal says, who are not in the habit of disparaging their neighbors, are assessors of taxes, for it is well known that they never under-rate anybody in the slightest degree. jpiT Real estate in the city of New York continues to advance in value. For several days past a sale of six hundred corporation lots in the eastern section of the city, and distant from the Battery between five and six miles has been going on.

Some of these lots brought upwards of two thousand dollars each. The prices obtained for property are stated to be nearly three fold what they were a twelvemonth since. A Good Joke. The New York Globe, a few days ago, contained what purported to be portraits of Drs. Webster and Parkman, furnished for that paper expressly by an engraver, but which turned out, when printed, to be old portraits of ex-mayor Harper and Judge Edmonds the latter for the victim and tho former for the suspected murderer.

Every New Yorker saw at a glance that tho Globe had been shockingly imposed ou. The contractors for the new clock to be placed in the cupola of the City Hall in New York, at a cost of 2,000, stipulate that, if during two years of probation it shall vary three minutes from the true time, they will ask no pay. to withdraw observation from the privy. The tea chest was seen on Tuesday by Mr. Kinsley.

On Monday the express man, by order of Dr. brought faggots and boxes from Cambridge. On that day, and Wednesday after, the key of Dr. rooms could not be found. All the week Dr.

W. seemed anxious to makerit appear that Dr. Parkman was seen last going over Cambridge bridge. He even went so far as to urge a lady to say so against her conviction, and thus repeatedly. He also went on Friday to a tin-worker in Boston, to have a tin box made, and stated thaW through certain mesmeric inffiince it was found that the body of Dr.

Parkman had been carried away in a cab. The tin box was ordered to be made so that he could solder it himself; and as to the uses he stated this box was to be put, evidence of contradiction would be furnished. Mr. Clfford spoke of the ejaculations Dr. W.

made in the prison, (of the nature of a confession) at the time of his arrest, and said these would be testified to in every particular. He then went on to state the nature of tho testimony which could be brought forward regarding the finding of the body in the vault. As early as discoverers of the North. KESWICK. II.

Locher Las purchased the stock of II. C. Locher, and will continue the leather business, at the old stand of tlie latter. lie is a young man of energy, and will doubtless do an excellent business. A recent philosopher discovered a method to avoid being dunned! How how how? we hear every body asking.

Never run in debt. Hod came off in Schenectady, on the 14th between two gentlemen of color, in the lumber business. Cause-jealousy and three pints of rum. They fought with a pair of saws and bucks one of the belligerents lost an ear, and the other the basement of his cordurosy! No insurance. the time of Dr, Websters making the statement to similar think they had been used in making iff.