Spokane Chronicle from Spokane, Washington • 29

Spokane Daily Chronicle, Wednesday, April 13, 1955. 29 'Polio Vaccine Is Credited to Science, Money and Angry Parents NEWS PLEASES POLIO FAMILY Now the cause was known, butlates of Harvard learned how to wooer prm.9 ewe 2A 11-1 UI A GRAHAM PLANNING FOR EUROPE TOUR LONDON, April 13. (LIP)-- Billy Graham's advance agent flies today to Paris to set the stage for a series of European campaigns this summer by the North Carolina evangelist. Jerry Beavan, Graham's executive assistant who will arrange the European tour, flew to London yesterday from Scotland to make arrangements for the use of Wembley stadium. The stadium, which seats 000 persons, will he the scene of a Graham meeting May 14 through 21.

After that Graham will visit Germany, Scandinavia, Holland and Switzerland. EACiACHE 7.1," By ALTON L. BLAKESLEE ANN ARBOR, April 13. (JP)Men, money and angry parents delivered the technical knockout to polio through the Salk vaccine. The menmany scientists making discoveries step by step paving the way to vaccine.

The or more in March of Dimes funds from the public to support this research. TO' this extent the vaccine is something the American people created. The parentsangry at the stealthy invisible killer and despoiler of children, determined to extinguish its nerve consuming fire. Today the victory is within grasp with a successful vaccine, developed by the quiet, dark haired Dr. Jonas E.

Salk of Pittsburgh, a dedicated scientist with Incisive mind. Today the first batches of an dren, some vaccinated, others not. And what happened had to be checked, double checked, pinpointed, proved, with absolute scientific accuracy and objectivity. For that task was chosen Dr. Thonias Francis epidemiologist of the University of Michigan.

A man, said colleagues, "of unquestionable Integrity," a man "no one could push around." impeccable in (tress, disciplined of mind he dedicated himself for a year to analyzing the results of the vaccine of his former studentJonas Salk and kept his answer secret until yesterday. As men both are likeable, warm and friendly. As scientists they feel their techniques can be applied towards solution of other prohlems in public health, including the spreading cancer of mental Illness. They are two men, of many who brought the answer to polio. Because of them.

parents can sleep more easily now of a summer night. .1, no control. A few years later, polio spread like a conflagration through New York City, hard with death and paralysis. Parents fled the cities with their children. Polio had made its panic known.

It came mysteriously and still today science does not know exactly how. Again and again it flared here and there. It felled adults as well as children. It felled a man des-'lined to become a United States president, Franklin D. Roosevelt.

He, like so many others, rose above his handicap, and inspired the March of Dimes. Now money was poured into the search for knowledge. Techniques Varied Little and big facts and new techniques came accumulating from many men, by no means all engaged in polio research. They set the stage for four vital findings coming In a rush between 1949 and 1952. Dr.

John F. Enders and associ grow and harvest polio virus from monkey kidney tissue. A large team of researchers learned that only three types of polio virus cause human paralysis. Dr. Dorothy Horstmann of Yale and Dr.

David Bodian of Johns Hopkins found that virus invades the blood stream before it hits the nerves. Dr. William McD. Hammon of the University of Pittsburgh showed that small amounts of antibodies if present in the blood could disarm the virus. At Pittsburgh too, Dr.

Salk six years ago began working for a polio vaccine. He built on what had gone before, contributed his own deductions, experiments, solutions, perseverance, to create a safe vaccine against all types of paralyzing virus. Mild of manner, slender, gracious, consumed in his work, he proved his vaccine was safe and that it could produce antibodies. Whether it was good enough to withstand nature's challenge of exposure to natural virus had to come from testing it on chil MILWAUKEE, April 13. (An Mr.

and Mrs. Leo Unnemanstons, of Milwaukee, who lost four of their eight children to polio during an eight-day period in 1952, heard the results of the Salk polio vaccine test announced yesterday and said, "if only. The couple was overjoyed by the Salk vaccine's triumph because two of their remaining children are young enough to be susceptable to polio. Linnemanstons said he plans to take the children to a doctor for vaccination as soon as supplies are available here. The couple's four children, three girls and a boy, ranged in age from 4 to 16.

They all died of bulbar type polio. Their deaths were the worst polio tragedy in Wisconsin. Linnemanstons said, "I was telling my wife it would really be wonderful if it really does work." improved Salk vaccine are moving from pharmaceutical houses to public health officials and doctors' offices to begin inoculations of some 30,000,000 children or more this spring and summer. Within hours after the official verdict that the vaccine is up to 90 per cent effective in preventing paralysis, it was licensed by the national institutes of health for public use. "Dimes" contributed to the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis will pay for enough vaccine for free inoculations of 9,000,000 children in all first and second grades and some in third grades.

The rest will be administered by doctors to patients, with high priority urged for children and pregnant women. Polio on Way Out At last polio, the disease that puts the haunt of fear in human minds, is on the way to defeat, control, eradication. The victory did not come easily nor the answer spring forth full born. As with rticqt great achievements of medical science it built from the minds of many men. In 1909 Dr.

Karl Landsteiner discovered polio was due to a virus, an infinitesmal disease agent far smaller than bacteria. I ittoS Ritift t1010011 no on11," 0 89'0 CHFCESE "TOO MANILA, P. Aril 13. (UP) Maj. Gen.

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JMT, Spring Eye Opener 'for Fishermen and Sportsmen 1 11 rTI crl IE 0 0 9L1 Eme 0 WO. How to Cut the Debt -A simple plan is available whereby the public debt could be cut by 30 billions and the yearly bill for interest could be reduced nearly one billion dollars. If congressmen had the courage of their convictions they would put it into effect. The plan is merely to sell the government-owned enterprises connected with the TVA to prig vate investors. Dr.

Clarence Manion, who was fired as chairman of the inter governmental relations commis, sion because the Republican administration refused to approve his campaign against socialism, points out that such a step would mean billions of dollars difference in the federal and state budgets for the area involved. For not only would the debt be reduced, not only would the in' terest be reduced, but the properg ties would be put back on the tax rolls and as privatelygowned institutions they would pay property taxes to the states involved and would pay federal taxes on their earnings, probably adding another billion to federal revenues. Why do congressmen who give lip service to private enterprise hasten to add that they have no intention of abolishing TVA? Dr. Manion points out that private enterprise is next to impossible in the TVA area. It is not creeping socialism but galloping socialism which grips the Tennesg see valley, and the same conditions will prevail in other sections of the country if we allow TVA to expand.

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