The Brooklyn Daily Eagle from Brooklyn, New York • Page 40

THE BROOKLYN DAILY EAGLE. NEW YORK, SUNDAY, JANUARY 4, 1011. rwmiwni rrr to wnmr JH si rrT" "'i'" 'i iXlSill.ta.liiw..- A UkU 1 i 1 n.i,,illmmmMmM,a.iMmw,MMMMMiMM,,.,ami iu.ui fi, nnMf 1, MJ.il TwlH liHig 1 if MsTlffliMsll ail Trains Will Be Running by 1916 Over Steel Girdle That Will Link All Parts of the City Ward's Island Pier a Striking Example of Engineering Skill Astoria Arches Completed. ness from 12 feet at the base to 7 feet at the top, with interior arched openings 31 feet width of arch and-13'4 feet in height. There are two rows of piers from this point to 132d street, eleven In each row.

Their concrete foundations had to be built of sheet piling, owing to the swampy nature of the ground. There are two parapet piers at 132d street, one on each side of the roadway. North of that street there are solid piers to 138th street, each for two tracks, varying in distance apart from C5 feet between arch at the northerly entrance of the port of New York, as the old Brooklyn Bridge looms up lri its impressive proportions, giving dignity to the city when seen from its southerly entrance, the Narrows. It is the most elegant of the series of bridges. "This, the fifth bridge a'crose the Skat River, represents the great -advance at engineering in the last thirty years.

The Brooklyn Bridge, having only a Bpau, was considered a very bold attempt for a suspension bridee hut fc.v i I N. FT- streets and over streets, from, feet at we have a steel arch of almost equal aiuiUBL euilBl 134th street to 112 feet at 138th street, length. It will be the biggest steel areh There is a center line of beams in the bridge in the world, and by far the moat last above-named street, the girders 9 to imposing and handsome. It is a happy JjLsv.i WORK has progressed on the New York Connecting Railroad construction to such a point that definite predictions re now made that the entire undertaking, including the Immense bridge structure over the East River, Ward's and Randall's Islands and Little Hell Gate and Bronx Kills will be completed and the trains running by July. IM6, from the New York, New Haven Hartford Railroad terminal at Port Morris in the Bronx to Bay Ridge, Brooklyn, Ithere it will connect by car Terry with Ihe big Pennsylvania Railroad terminal at Greenville, N.

and eventually by tunnel under New York Harbor with the failroad terminal at Jersey City. Engineering experts say that no more beautiful, strong or durable bridge or 'laduct, concrete and steel work or roadbed exists than will be found in this ticc of construction, about eight and one-half miles in length, that will cost, frith the right of way, $25,000,000. The principal interest at this time coolers in the two mammoth towers which solution 01 combining the artistic and the commercial, as. applied to a great freight railroad bridge, whero the greatest solidity Is demanded. It was approved by the Municipal Art Commission.

"What Is the most important, it was Put by the railroads in the hands of the biggest bridge engineer in this country, and one whose reputation for ability Is more widespread abroad than In this country. I refer to Gustave A. Linden-thai. Largest Aerial Structure in the World "The five bridges over the East River are oj their types the largest in the world, except the Quceneboro, which W2.7f nas ueen exceeded in length of span; non8 other of the arch type exceeds tho New York Connecting. The citlien- of this city, who, taking a Providence boat, passes under all of them, beholda a supreme expression of the enterprise, energy and power of the metropolis that should inspire him with pride for his municipality.

As for the amount of capital invested in all of them, it probably exceeds that of any other Investment iu the- City of New York. "The comple'tion of this bridge and viaducts and the New York Connecting Railroad nnd Terminal at Bay Ridge will bring Brooklyn In close unbroken railroad connection with every one of the great trunk line railroad systems of tho North, South, East and West. Any' Brooklynite can take a train from Flat- h'" I (I jV S52bJ' P. TYPICAL BBONX VIAOUCT PIER C.OWSTBUCTIOM 100 feet In depth, and It is from 12 to 11 feet from the masonry to the top of the rail. i 1 t-J 111, it 1 1 il-iiffri completed.

They are 80 feet apart, graded duwu tu a height of 55 feet in the middle of the island. Over the Bronx Kills there is being built a' double leaf bascule bridge, each leaf 175 In length, 350 feet total, crossing the stream diagonally and allowing 120 feet In. the clear for each channel. There will be a clearance for boats of 63 feet In height, under the bottom of the steel trusses of the bridge. The work in the Bronx is two-thirds completed.

The masonry plr at the edge of the Bronx Kills is 65 feet in height, 54 feet in width and tapering in thick- bush avenue, Nostrand avenue or East New York for Boston. Washington or Chicago, and the Brooklyn manufacturer' can ship his goods by an unbroken all-rail route to any part of the Vnited States or Canada. The Long Island farmer or truck growers will enjoy toe same privilege, all avoiding the expense of transshipment In New York Harbor. Long Island City will become a great manufacturing center and Jamaica Bay will become an Important harbor and water front terminal." From 13Sth street to the Harlem River, at 142(1 street, there are retaining walls and Alls between the streets and bridges over the highways. At 143d Btreet trains will go over upon the tracks of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad.

Forma Grand Triumphal Archway for New York Harbor. Henry F. Hornbostel, tho architect of the bridge, in speaking of its esthetic qualities, said: "It will form a veritable triumphal jnder Polk, Roosevelt and Woodside avo-mes. From Qtieeus Boulevard it will rise the surface and be continued on an nibankment over Grand street, and to a mint 100 feet north of Juniper Swamp road. Thence it will go under Lutheran Cemetery for nearly half a mile to St.

nmes Park and Is continued a short distance south until a connection Is mado vlth tho Manhattan Beach Division of the -ong Inland Railroad, which goes ovor an embankment to a short distance south I QHJEBT TOMS he ship. Possibly, on the other hand, gave you a wrong estimate. viaduct of continuous concrete retaining walls, dlrt-IIIled, from Steinway avenue to Kouwcnhoven street, which highway is arched over. The arch of the span Is 70 feot, the rise 35 feet and 47 feet to the top of the rail. Series of Big Arches in Long Island City.

From these the viaduct will be continued by c.ojtinuouB retaining walla, with aolld till, to Pomeioy street, which the Brooklyn boundary, then descends, which carries It under East New York, it a depth of from thirty to forty feet in iome sections, as far south as New Lots oad. It goes over an embankment ihrough Paerdegat Basin and thence by lepressed lino to Bay Ridge terminal. From Bowery Bay road a spur curves to the westward to Sunnyslde yard, where a Junction will be made with the main line of the Pennsylvania Railroad, over which passenger trains from New England will enter the Pennsylvania tunnel, jtid thrnush trains from BOBton will go llrect to Washington without change. This spur is neuring completion. Mnssive Ornamental Piers 120 Feet in Height.

After leaving the Ward's Island bridge ower at the East River, the viaduct CORRESPONDENT sends the fol- I lowing vague, clew to a ipoem fjflfiTVl 8he wants t0 to. send to a dear friend. But somebody may be able to locate the verses: Ever around us, though unseen, Our troubles to tbem are as a passing dream. A Reader The expressions, "I would not have drunk and I would not have drank," are both admissible, but the latter Is preferred by many writers. Student Socialism, broadly and primarily.

Is the name given to the doctrine which proclaims the equal rights of all to the material conditions of existencethat is, to the enjoyment of the necessities, comforts and luxuries of life, and at the same time the equal duty of all to labor In relatively equal proportions, so far as may be needful for the maintenance of those material conditions. Socialism is thus an economic doctrine. But by most schools of Socialists this has, been and is regarded as the necessary foundation of a reconstruction of mammoth pieces will be raised to a height of over 200 feet by the powerful derricks, poised in midair, and swung Into position as handily and easily as hough they weighed only a few pounds tach. The steel In the backstay and counterweight to support the river spans during construction will afterward enter Into the construction of the viaduct approaches on both aides of the river. The viaduct spun on the Long Island side will be half a mile in length.

On tho westerly side it will extend over "Ward's nnd Randall's Islands, Little Hell Gate and the Bronx Kills. There can be 20 piers built for tho viaduct approach to the bridge on tho Long Island side, pending the removal of the mammoth backstay and counterweight thut will support the easterly half of the river span during construction. When that Is removed six more plere will built Just' east of the Astoria tower ol the bridge. Thirteen of the piers of the Astoria viaduct approach ure completed and work is progressing rapidly on the others. C.

J. Chess Is an ancient game of Eastern origin, probably brought Into Europe by the Arabs. The Invention Is doubtfully ascribed to China, Persia and Egypt. will support the arch span )ver the East River, which vf ill weigh IO.OuO tons. The towers are Ho feet by 104 feet at their base, the dimension to Ito decreased on a curve as they rise to altitude at their apex of 24 feet above mean low water mark.

They are 139 feet ly 69 feet at the track floor at 140 feet tielgbt, The bridge is rlesignnd for a four-track failroad, and the elevation of the truck loor le 149 feet above mean low water, filth a clearance of 140 feet at high tide. On the Astoria side the pier has already reached a height of 2H feet above the Itreet level. It was necctsary to go Sown only IS feet to 20 feet to get a (olid ro-'k foundation composed of dola-ulte, iaiidstonc and soft granite. On Wards Island the depth of the rock, which is believed to vary from about 70 lo 140 feet below menn low water, makes Ihe eonstructlon of the pier foundation very difficult and costly. The foundation' will consist of three ranges of ylln lrlcal lencreto caisson plere, each having five anlis 18 feet in diameter and 20 feet part, and three 20 by 125 feet rectangular concrete piers concentric with Ihe alignment of the bridge trusses.

Each rectangular pier will consist of three separate caisson units connected and bonded together by vertical keys. Ward'! Island Pier Largest Pneumatic Foundation in World. This will bo the largest pneumatic foundation In the country. It will go 10? feet below mean low water to reach rick. takes a sharp turn to tho north over The origin of the game of checkers Is Vard's Island and It only takes a small 1 unknown, but some authorities-call it a of the island, keeping well clear meeting place of the, tribes of the Israelite federation.

This mountain, which rises nearly 4,000 feet above the level: of the sea, on the horizon of Jerusalem, was not made to serve the site of a great city, but became the ideal spot of "the frequent diets which soon assumed a sacred character. The ark was never established there, but the sofet was induced to make it his habitual residence, and no doubt the political Importance of Mispeh had some weight In the seleotton of Jerusalem for such brilliant destinies. Jerusalem Is but three miles from Mispeh, and from the top of the mountain a little acropolis of the Jebusltes must have been visible. We have, not found the song, "The Tanyard Side." Some reader may send It in. In reply to Patrick B.

Fox, In last Sua-days questions column, J. Ovens writs that a letter of Inquiry should be seat to Farnum Post, G. A. Manhattan, as that post was organized In large part by members of the Fire Zuaves, mustered In by Colonel Ellsworth. J.

C. D. From time to time we receive your question about the Ulster County Gazette, which shows that there are quite a number of people who have copies. The Issue you have which contains an account of the death of Washington, was re-prlnted some years ago. and In all probability your copy Is one of those re-prlnts.

It has no value. Old Reader The Pietists or Separatists were a t.r.lli. ra.i sect, In liw.t, which preferred private to public worship. The founder was Spener of Leipslc, and his home was called "Collegia I'letas," because his disciples met there. Ordained clergymen had no marked precedence and anyone was permitted to address the assembly, as among the Quakers.

Among the Jews the Chadeldlm were called "Pietists." F. If you cannot find a file of the Sunday Mercury at the new Astor-Lenox Library, Fifth avenue and Forty-second street, Manhattan, we cannot help you. human life generally; that is, of a complete readjustment of poltical, religious and domestic relations. G. L.

K. The Boy Scouts movement was Initiated and organized by Lieutenant General Sir Robert Baden-Powell, who has given the following description of modern game. However, It was known in tho sixteenth century. Interested In 1832 the word "male," Introduced Into the Reform Act (before restricted the Parliamentary franchise to meu, and debarred women form Us use. In 1850 Lord Brougham's act came Into operation, which ruled that Is crossed by another 70-foot arch with a rise of 3 feet, 51 feet to top uf rail.

A similar arch spans Blaekwxtll street, Potter avenue Is crosEcd dingonally by a icnvy steel glider structure with massiv; 30-foot depth steel trusses, and with four supporting pedestals, "at a height of 51 feel to top of rail. The concrete retain wall la continued from Potter avenue with a 70-fool arch over Rnpelyc street, a loo-foot arch over JJcbcvolse 53 fict from ground to top ol all; 8n-foot nrch over Lawreuco street, il feet to top of rail. From there the will bo carried over Barclay. Van Alat, llallct. Howland, Crescent, ham, Go.idrlih and Chaumcy streets, .1 distance of feet, over half a mile, 0 1I10 big bridge, tower by rucaus of 3: steel piers from 80 io llo feet apart and from S3 to 71 feet each in height nnd l'l .0 21 feet In width.

Tills ta the ensterb il.proach to the bridge and 13 of Ihe 3J piira are now In position. F.aat of ritcmlir street two concrete have hi en built over Fourteenth Eighteenth avenues, and cuai and south of that, to tho easterly boundary Long Island ity, through Woodhuven Bier Astoria Concrete Arches and I In English law the word "man" shall al if tho State Hospital building. The twenty-nine viaduct piers begin at an levatlon of 120 feet, near the bridge tower and continue at very nearly the tame height to Little Hell Gate, whero ho last pier has a height of 110 feet. They are to be massive, Imposing structures of reinforced concrete of ornnmen- i.l design, 20 to 23 foet by 65 feet at heir base. The nearest fifteen to the i.rtdge tower will be 90 feet opart and others 87 feet apart.

Six out of the twenty-nluo are cnuipictcl and work Is pushed on tho others. Little Hell (late will bo crossed by four spans of steel trusses, Inverted how string type, ench span feet In length. The stream Is only partlnlly navlgablo, the water being only fifteen eet in depth where the bridge crosses. The tracks will be carried loo feet above the waler level. The Hand ill's Island piers are similar to those on Ward's Jainnd.

There are lo be twenty-three of them; eighteen arc Abutments Completed. Tho concrete work of the retaining walls, abutments and arches for the viaduct east of the 32 piers of the brldg' approach extending from Lawrence street to Stemlcr street, Astoria, Is completed The interior of the huge retaining wallt-'a to be filled with 200.111K) yards of earth ways Include "women unless the contrary la eTcpri ss stated." In 18C7 John Stuart Mill moved an amendment to the representation of the peoplo bill (clause 41, to leave out tho word "man" and aubslttute "people." This amendment was lost by a majority of 126. In 1868 the Judges in the Chorlton vs. Lints case, ruled that In the case of the Parliamentary, franchise the word "man" docs not Include Its objects: To help the boys of whatever doss to become "all-round" men, to give them "character," and to make them capable of looking after themselves In whatever circumstances they are placed. The method of the movement Is the education of the boys by means which really appeal to them, namely, ecoutrraft, or backwoo.lsm'inHhlp, and Its manly attributes.

The ndiiilnlstrntlon Is based on drcehtrnllzatlon of authority nnd responsibility, each district conducting Its own affairs, under the admlulutrative guidance of the headquarters. 3. A. "Mlrpah," also spelled "Mispeh," Is tho name of several plares mentioned In the Old Testament, and 'means "watch tower." Mispeh, the1 culminating point of the trlbo of Benjamin, becamo the and the length of the caisson will be n.keii from the Sunnyslde yard; work to le gin In tho spring a 1 soon as the sca ioti ipens up. Pome of this concrete work Is of gn at luiiensioiiH.

A fiii-font iir'h span with 1 rNo of little over 3o feet to the top nf the rail has been built over Hteinl. 1 A. M. B. Ivory, as you supposed, Is cut from elephants' tusks, It Is possible that nd Wlnlli Id, the work Is to bo continued earth embankments and steel truss ridges over hoitiwnya to aouth of Jack- 'ho Jeweler appraised It as valuable not on avenue.

In the Town of Newtown. It will thin be deprefsed and carried heiause tho antique was 111r.de of Ivory but becauso of Its excellent workman III feet The work on the Inking of thes caissons was begun In August last, and It Is expectel to have It completed by Kcbruary. The towers will be of gray granite facing, and will contain more than ruble yards of concrete. The span le to cany tli" heaviest train load that could be put upon It, fnui- trains of rare loaded their full eay to rach, extenllrg from one end of ti, truiture to and there will be a large margin of safety. Forty Thousand Ton of Steel Supported In Mid Air ly Two Mnnslve Counterweight.

The river spun will be built nn the cantilever plan. Eacli half of the 40,001 tone of the great aortal highway, which will be (upporfd at romplotlon by tb triet and a retaining wall 70 feet In hi iglit and 70 feet 111 width, fufllrlint to trovide for four railroad tracks, has been liu'lt between Stemlcr Htrert and Flushing aviinie, mi 2oi) feet In length. A single titmupporlcd Heel span lfll feet l.i length will go nver draco street and Flushing avium diagonally at Intersection. These girders will be 30 feet In depth, and will be supported on their oontlicastei nd by huge shouldera Jilting out from lh retaining wall half wav down from Hs summit, and 011 their uorlhwi sti rly end by a massive nrtistl. pier upon they "lll rest.

From Ihla pier the same aleel span is to con II oe over Theodore ami Nnsrau street In position the key of the ar ti. will be balanced and supported iring tli ronntructlon by a mammoth land pan, the towers acting i fulcruam. Ai Ihe halves appronth the (tutir portions will have to he uppnrt! rail fet out over th wat.r, nnl the total weight In be support! on each tjer will be 40.004 ton. Bonis of th pieces of att 1 to go Into this structure will weigh 200 ions, will lit 10 feet In depth, the m-m'iers adjoining Ihi Thene diagonally by e'eel girders of about ih' aume leng'h na tho last alinve-dcarrlbrt'. to another inasalve pier and from that a hotter spun will continue the line to flllciMn abutment between Albert street and Frankfort Hfeet, 50 feet In Vlght From that nhit'liient there will be a ihii-gl supporting apan 2.VI feet In length, with a single upporilng pier, reaching lo an abutment at Fitt luwar avenue.

From there the work Is carried westerly by a Jfi' i A vinU iwl -'t t-rt zjgZP fMMi 1 ACCURATE CONCISE Complete to January 1, 1914 THE EAGLE ALMANAC For 1914 THE REFERENCE BOOK FOR HOME AND BUSINESS Bound in Red Cloth, 50c. (By Mail, 65c.) READY IN JANUARY ORDER NOW To prompt drlivty, toon puMuld Ml Haiticd Coupon, givt ttf fur nwtJalr or tnd lo Biwklvn 1r rapt', witlt rrmitun. FOR QUICK DELIVERY OF THE 1914 EACLE ALMANAC Pleite Mir la sm, on puM.iaion i 1114 Bwoklya Fails Almanac, bound in ird ilnili, I will pay i'h. pci tnyy on del. very (by mail OOt).

Niina. Ad Jim. 'Hi I Almanac coven moia fully than any la almn lb anlire Saw Yoik DiiIikI, Loos. I'laH'l. N'w Yoih Mala and tlie Lnilrtl ftialra, IK) ri, inilud na.

valuable up In data pekl i ol Lon liland and taih Doruugli ol New Yik lily, lines toloia..