The Brooklyn Daily Eagle from Brooklyn, New York • Page 33

5 THE BROOKLYN DAILY EAGLE. NEW YORK. SUNDAY. APRIL 21, 1918. I United States for three THE LARGEST HOTEL IN THE WORLD NEW MONSTER HOTELS IN NEW YORK, SOME WITH MORE THAN 2,000 ROOMS, MARK EVOLUTION OF THE INN OF 1641 AVV 1 WtWMf flH lM4 and restau-Irajo" MBIIMI claim that If it were abolished the guests would have to pay in the long run just the same, for whlch is which must he invisible from the Western tlsmlaphrre, Kurly MwHfpil, The old-limo tavciu keepers v.

k'Mtl 'Slflj as I THE HOTEL PENNSYLVANIA HAS 2,200 Lhfpna has'been" I mug oi me war was oi for use in coastwise and other trade I gotiations have been nd all the Allies for a more permanent arrangement, similar to that with Norway, but uo ejMMMMkae ment has been forthcoming as yet OS a definite result. Denmark, the smallest of the Scandinavian countries, had at the beginning of the war a merchant marine nearly large as that of Sweden, totaling about lOO.DOO ton-. The losses up to end of 1S17 were tons, or per a much heavier loss proportionately than Sweden's. This loss Denmark has no- been aide to make up entirely, although a bl meMI of ooastl tlon has been done and some slop, purchased abroad. Sales of Danish are forbid d.

Holland Has uff. red HeaMlv. had at the beginning of'the war l.fM, tons of tbips. Her losses by kinking were about SM, (efM up to the end of or about li per only pan of which has been made by nw construction or Purchase. -V irrihelcss.

Holland launched dun tig u.r lust ten months of i 1 7 as i lee, sros tons. The Dutch shipping companies were up to the end of 11(16, dc. voting then- ships chiefly to the trade of the mother country or of Java and the other Far Ks Stern possessions. The close proximity of Holland to 1 supplies crossing lbs border, early caused diffi-CUlUes between Ihe Allies and the sinppiiig companies Beginning in tho first part of II 17 increas-ItiS number- of Dutch ships began to le held up In Allied pert, and when the United States assumed rurisdietiofl over the granting of loinki i real, it rr irinee to eish'y Dutch Ships in New Vorl: I iarbor with cargoes of gram, whtrh rtinalne.l there during lhS summer. The east ol Holland llluat rates how of trek Miip- sunk by submarine.

trip from their home country, havo suffered more than any other neutrals through unkings. Homo esti-mates of their losses run as high as tons, or two-thirds of tho whole national marine. Greece not a shipbuilding nation, so (be has had to rely on purchases to supply her with ships, and has fallen far short of replacing her losses. At the time of the abdication of Constantino, which was followed by ti.e entry of Greece into the war. creek -hip- were generally held up by 1 lie Allies.

After this they came practically under British control. The majority are now directed by the Hrit-ish Admiralty, They no longer cross Hie Atlantic, but obtain grain from ESgypt and India. The Jarjancsc Merchant Marine. ucing locale. 1 chiefly the Pat 1 1 oni ine submarine zone vice foi- EtolAh American coast-to o.

a service to Buenos Aires mining. Other lines run to New Zealand, the Philip IMPORTANCE OF SHIPS OF NEUTRAL COUNTRIES IN DEFEATING GERMANY both of which da possible by the large from all over the country attend in! great numbers, and altogether It is counted umong the most successful I of all tho expositions held in the I building throughout the year. The hotel men of the United States. at the instigation of the New York Is a favorite hit of mental activity with many persons now ana aga.n rest themselves in inc nf the onward inarch of for a bird's-eye survey of what has gone before, and to delight their imagination with picturing the stupefaction which would overtake a suddenly revivified George Washington, or Ilcn-dnk Hudson, or Christopher Columbus, set down in the midst of modern- lty. And perhaps no development of the past 1 more which has taken place in the hotel business.

Mine host of the old-tim tavern, usually fat. comfortable an wml i if literature is not all fiction would be utterly dumfounded could he see Hip palatial edifices which are the present-day MMMM of his I hostelry. The man who 1641 built the niesent location of th Produce 2 Hroadway, Manhattan, and who delayed its completion because he protested against the charge of something less than $10. which was the contractor price, and Insisted that for so munificent a stud the building should embody all sorts of desirable features nouiu mmuwwmm himself on another planet il he found himself face to face with the Commodore Hotel, now in process of erection on Lexington avenue, whoso cost is to bo IT.H0.e6Q end whose furnishings alone will amount to more than $2,000,000. The ground of the first hotel was probably worth nothing at all In those days; now it is estimated by the city at more than $3,000.000 about the same value as tho site upon which the Commodore is being built.

The information that tho carpet to be used in the Commodore, tho latest of Manhattan hotels, If stretched out in a path a vnr.l wide would from the Batlery to 168th street, would doubt less make the proprietor of tin: first of Manhattan hotels doubt Ma own or thai at his informant. Vet such is the case; and the Pennsylvania Hotel on Bevantll avenue, also process Of erection, but nearer completion than thu Commodore, would exceed that carpet extensive 11 CM by 19 per having MM rooms, as umluri the Commodores What is generally accredited I be drat hotel was built a little later than tho one uboo mentioned, according to data dug from obscure archives by Mrs. Mary C. Pickett for her "History of Manhattan Holds," still In manuscript, winch for some reason seems to escape historical recognition. In 184S the government of -New York built the Btadt Harbors at Comics Slip, corner of Pearl and Water sired.

Por its day it was nuitc a splendid edifice and was a point of pride with the residents of the town. Hotel Keepers First to t'sc Signs. In 1701 the King's Head tavern was set up at Pearl and Liberty streets under the management of one linger Baker, who is referred to In the statutes of his day as a "licensed victualler." A replica of his sign is on record, with Ms resplendently bc-wigged head of tho monarch. Hotel keepers, It is interesting to know, were tho first merchant to employ signs. Usually they were pictures; and in England they were so large, and threatened to attain to such gigantic' proportions, that in the early part of tho Seventeenth Century a law was passed restricting their size, so that those in use in the Colonies were comparatively modest.

The early taverns included such picturesque names as The Blue Hoar, St. (icorge's and the Dragon, The Dog's Head, The Fighting Cocks and the like; and of course the proprietors decorated their entrances accordingly. Tho fact that signs were moved quite freely from one part of town to another has somewhat complicated the records and rendered a bit diffi cult the task of the investigator of hotel history. One record, for example, makes mention of such and such a hostelry at ono location; a later record mentions the same hostelry and locates it elsewhere. As early as 1665 thcro Is evidence of rebellion against British domina tion in the Colonies.

It is reported of Daniel Webb, an innkeeper of the time, that when tho British Government attempted to quarter soldiers upon him, in accordance with its custom, he flatly refused to havo them, asserting that he found it about all he could do to quarter himself. Women's Part in Hotels. Women played a considerable pari in tho early hotel industries. They were cooks, clerks, chambermaids and even sometimes shared' with the proprietor tho social end of his business, though for tho most part ho constituted himself official "hand-shaker" and boon companion. In the first real hotel In tho city the City Hotel, built in 1704, at 115 Broadway a woman whose surname seems to have been lost became quite famous throughout the country as "Mary, adjutant general to Chester Jennings, proprietor." Mary seems to have, had no.

definitely outlined duties but fitted into about every line of household work and management. The first license granted to a woman to keep an eating houso was given to one Mctje Wessels, in 1 656; but It appears from tho records that her houso was not beyond reproach. During the Revoluation a number of women' ran their husbands- inns while the latter were lighting for liberty. Many French nobles who fled their native land after the Revolution drifted to America and, curious though it jmiy seem, hceaino Innkeepers and caterers. Tho introduction of French pastry into America has an interesting history.

A French nobleman, escaping from Franco after tho fall of the Tulleries, Went first to the Orient and then to America, where he made his home with a friend, who had two small daughters. One rainy day, to amuse the little girls, who were unable to go out, he made some bonbons; and so successful was his effort that he was advised to make more and sell them. He did so. and subsequently which they were accustomed. When, after things had re or less ad- Justed themselves in France, ho returned home, it is reported that ho declin ed himself not a whit tho worse for his experience- as a tradesman an early expression of the democracy v- i vessels iii can.Miig the strictly Coin-: vessels In carrying the strictly, the II, pi possible and would ave to make up the difference in the aages they would cmplojec- in lieu of tips through made to the guests, BIMMW MM 1" 1 nt of Ins WU.

PWM PAN who rc- '-cms a sou upon serving a tifly r.nk pockets it as a matter of In country, such wuu.u in Mhi'i an affront. Vario solutions have been offeretf to Hie vexing question plan sug- ilia Mb check have win, 1 cited II. per cent, amount whwh. If the patron sees lit. he may give as 'a Hp.

Hie sum would then be placed common tip fund receptacle, and at lie end of the the week, or the mOAlh, the total would be divided among the entire staff of employees. Whether such a sjslein would prove workable or not it is haul to tell. An 1 argument that lias been advanced against it would lend to show which waitirs and other employees rendered para live fiequenejt of their tips; and In of up returns would he too tinea iu Hie nature of an accusation. I therefore those of them who could imc iuMip.uit.uii- ii. good plan.

and Food Conservation. The hotels and i eslaui a aie il pei fact ot in tie. consent loo, its of the country (bat I is il. iii their powoi minus quantities of foo, 'I have allied themselves on th saving lide of Ho; halan. with a ngl good will.

John Ml B. Bowman, pies Nol ago Mr, Bowman called a onvot atlon oi prom new hotel men, and 100 of Hi, oil have taken I "no Wheat" pledge, wludi went into effect April 1 and Will continue until fur- Both Many schools and colli enthusiastic about the superiorly complete elimination over Conservative use as a method of MV undertaken to out wheal also. II i II. no till. "mm.ic, ur -all food con- at a certain been raised lg when part a considerable i concerning the value of tho 1 a la carte methods former method has with staunch support, on the ind that by obviating tho need currying a great number of dishes which there may he little or no (nit which nonetheless must be ly for Urn possible demand, and planning the meal which la served care, rfi tremendous saving can fleeted.

The a la carte method de-; is that persons ordering the is of the menu separately arc ly to eat a great deal less. Hotels for Women, interesting clement In the of New York hotels relates to aeoommods ark A en tic Hotel, bl it fifty years a )use women, of these against the touch of I is and restrictions with I led 1111. i 3 tho Me i of setting ai the excluslv, and thai to. entire floor apart it-- ol women has proved entirely successful. A cultured woman lives there as permit- nostess; sno meets new arrivals I us she would guests, her own home, sorts thai, fr es serration.

It Is true Hi ot the world is starving; but a Utile thought, say the caterers, will' show tattle are used c.l. -naively; bfead play little pari In tho average banquel menu. rhc I'ldcral food Administration! lias said that the hotels and reslau- i rants are making more strenuous of- I foils iii cons-en ui ion than arc the percent nf the total no, mint of 1 consumed throughout the country is i public eating bouses; but there is a greater proportional decrease in Me prosci. I l.io.lstufi's than jn I "'i vale Meat dealers whose l.a'lronagc is varied FRAUNCES' TAVERN IN "I rzt'A i powor" I not oblivious of the fact that it pays to advertise, though th methods modern hotel publicity agent. Ml vastly amusing.

PoUtelittIeannoui.ee- moms appeared in journals, and tin proprietor of the Hunch of located on the spot wind, is now Pal- toa Market, is reported to have her- alded imm the attractions of his place the presence of a gentleman who Commodious rooms for the reception of scholars. whom he would instrui It's" and prepare for the count, i- The origin of the table credited to a London man nan, Thomas Leppei 50 insti Duke of hotels is no mean- id dJiices prior ted the system in his Cumberland. Dancing in another feature which is bv new. fur one hears of balls ai given in the "parlor" of the to 1800. i In historv is the old Fraunccs Tavern, at rear I and Broad streets, now in possession of the Sons established in 176: by Samuel I'iiiip- res.

who staunchly support, ington during Hie Revolution, though picion. But evidently he was aide te convince Ills leailei inn for Washington selected his tavern as Ihe meeting place when lie took leave of Ins fliers, and established l'raiin-ces as steward In his own household. Between ISOtr and 1178 then was 'o marked rrowth in New York hotels. Fating house-, sprang Into existence oil over, largely of the oyster and chop house variety, In 1MB two spinster sisleis opened shop" at 170 Broadway- a forerunner of Hie modern tea (41 women only. Thai was the heart tin.

shopping district at the tlmei ai Hi, nigh many a shopper paused and looked a' the tempting wares displayed ill the window, few of Hicio had temerity to Into an eating place unescorted: 1 will Ink-more than a little stretch of Imagination for tho women of If II to under-stand Hint. The vriiM.t- proved a failure, and the shop was given up, Captain I i i. d. ei.l 1S25 to give up i. laid the the high lata itaurantu which have now bee, Hie common order of things in fork, indeed throughout the country.

II. hood of the Battery; then nudtng thai popular demand would justify Ihe procedure, he Introduced French was a brief step to the establish rt1 of a restaurant, which ho perfected steadiiv, until Deltnonlco'e became synonymous with epicurean excel Hair a nilllon In New York Hold The growth of the hotel Industr up In Its present status of fo largest In Ihe world was of co gradual. Half a billion dollars is invested in hotels in New City. There aro 300 of of I ons classes, with a total capacit about 25.000 rentable rooms A 170 of them have over 100 re each. The Merchants Association New York has estimated that the has a regular floaling populatiol about 100.

000 persona transl whoso residence hcye averages a week to ten days. Not all of 1 patronise hotels, to bo sure; find accotnm houses, and si private families, the hotels to cc centago of thciu, and it Is no uucou mon thing for the visitor to New Sfor who has not been forethougbtft enough to wire or write for rooms I turn disconsnlatr from one led desk afrer another "Sorry full up." that will be added to hold facillt Willi (he completion Hie IViiiis meeting a real want, Notwlthstui lng tho war and the general iipliea-of conditions that It. has entailed, volume of travel lias been kept abc normal, (hough the character of has materially changed. There more travel for business and oi siderahly less for pleasure. The Outlook for Holds Today.

The cessation oWndverliscmcnt up the part of the railroads is nature going to react upon the holds. managers say' it is still problonirnth how great will be the rffrct; and th believe that increased advertisi activity by the private tourist agenot and resort bureaus and the hoti themselves ill do much to the harm that would othc done. Statistics show Hint of every 153 persons In tin visits five or more cities ye since most of these ill look to holds for 'accommodations, the hotels certainly arc in no danger of annihilation. There has been a decided falling off. however, in the erection of new hotels.

They are built only when necessitated by popular demand. The cried, or course, is to boom business for those already in existence. Many hotels in process are at a standstill or are pro gressing at a snail's pace, owing to the vhorlage or building material, 't lie Pennsylvania has its entire steel structure made, and has a good bit of the stone work already in place, lis managers plan to open in July. But the Commodore has so far reached only third floor in tho steel structure, having been held up a great number of times by the dilllcully In securing steel that Is one of tho fi any definite dale lor ils openlt 'three months after the complelic ig tho steel work," they say. hich ri tells nothing tit all.

huh Is are strongly up ag; the help situation these days. the Cheaper grade un, ihlnery) and to keep il. to all si m. ng, as smoothly oiled as in normal when help is plentiful, is no easy task. Tipping one of the Problems, ttcr of tipping is ono which has been a source, of a great deal ot are Uni .1 iim.t, for a large per- 3 ()f lih tin- 4.200 rooms si R00 Hotel, destroyed by the werclal trade of the world.

In the mar the end ot 1917 was mans when thev overall Kurncs in eatcgory with the neutrals must also mat. I nt slightly under 2.0( 0 ton lielgium, as a gift to the people of fur at ans a net loss the be trade of the world. In the category with the neutrals uni. also be placed for although at war the it i Willi lierinany lc shipping wa- giiniing ihe war or with Germany her shipping was in built in .1 and ha- its olhe-i "irge degree in Ihe same situation as per cent. Norway, 1.1-1, I not met with scn-" if her own declaration had not taken before the war had a considerable i the war.

Un the large degree In if her own declaration had 30 meat gian heart the fart I bat it served R'J so far as distribution and mill-; slin has b- i 'v I Vi t7l "iVr "I a A locrt. "-'s whon Hid i ai Institutions and schools and The Commodore Hotel, with an The nunih. i of nations ow con- or sled ph.ie.. bid, Tl I not large, and hall the world's ton-I l-ng'lf in 1 low ever, sonic 1 in. am-sr iiierdia ut n.

an tic in 1914 wu WASHINGTON'S TIME. nase )s British. It so happens that of "'e "ov under construction and since then not the neutral nations mentioned above in motor -el- bnen arc all among those having at I lie be- Norwegian Ships Taken (her by S. 1 i 1 ti 1 I or me ship, wl ng For years The relaliv size or com- b. for- Uu, heSe bsl, 'we, ntovidrs them when so requested with chaperons and helps them plan their: Slav to the best advantage if they desire her lo do so.

The manager of this hold is a Arm believer in the! activities of women, and never dls- 1 irlmlnatee against them In the filling1 of any positions at his disposal, tic I has il woman sanitary inspector vigilant over kitchens and plumbing, among other things. The' chef a man- is a graduate physician mis, who has made study in Ils relation to health and who enoklmr Kvcry fall a "National Hotel Men's reposition." started by hotel men of vicinity, is held at Grand Central throng old tho latest kitchen de-, furniture designs, food- aviation station on top and a staff of "counsellors" to help entertain chil- dutics to attend to which excludes the children, is at the very pinnacle of hotel development up to this time. Tli.o Pennsylvania, with its dining room capacity of 3.000 and ballroom seating 1.000 persons, stands side by side with the Commodore. That the Vatican contained 1.000 rooms used to seem wellnigh incredible; but the figure pales beside these gigantic modern hotels of twice and more than twice the number. And now It is said that a co-operative hotel ng planned, and that the site.

here tile Times Square dis- has been arranged for. It will tiled the Commonwealth and will be rooms. It is inter-to speculate what will he the of the constant upward scale of places intended for resi-, permanent or transient. Is it' ft pointing toward eventual com- City of New York stands at Philadelphia, third largest in the hotel list, with laratlvely Inslgnlflceni figure 1111,1 niS.IOIMT.il. of II, his back In week Besdek him and got him rejointed lent, to the mound again, row his vertebra out for and only I tin 1 1 th and now he is under rest ordors.

THK efforts that have recently by the I acting In mado with the other Allies, to obtain the use of certain quantities of neutral shipping bring clearly into view the importance of the merchant marine of the various neutral nations. During the early years of the war the ships Of the Scandinavian countries and of Holland, Spain and Greece were free from, the more or less strict control which the nations at war were compelled to impose on their own vessels in order to obtain their necessary supplies ol" raw-materials and munitions. TO some degree these neutral ships look Hie place of the British and other belligt cut commercial transportation, to rise strongly rrom the time reached plicnoii 1915 and ISHti. as the demands on existing tonnage grew with the diversion Into war service of increasing numbers of the ordinary carriers of commerce. As a result, most neutral shipping after the war bids fair to be in a very very strong financial condition, with Ihe case of ex-presldetu of the British Hoard of Trade, is significant, in which be says; "Britain Will have to fight with all her might to regain her shipping supremacy in many parts of the world after the war" The Japanese lines are continuing to make largo profits.

and regarding thei said: "The Japa (thro shipping) will ha. How Neutral which amounts to over 10 per cent, of the entire pie-war merchant ma pine Of Norway, has been in part made up by purchase of ebipa abroad and l-'reight rates began nalb high in I 1 rines fi S'." 'uisc. Japanese lines arc now running from the hands of the Norwe jrs ami by the Govern) policy. Tin- Norwegian ut. as did several of the oth-r neutral governments, organized at the beginning of the war a "National war Jtisk Insurance Association hail, lie war risks on Norwegian sola The existence of this bare hich provided adequate cover at a time when private concerns were unable undertake has been In keeping Norwegian shipping on the move, particularly to and from peati ports within ran-, of sul an agreement tween Norway.

I United states wl benefit at the close the war. Sweden, situated on the Baltic of the Scandinavian peninsula, of the war. A temporary agreement was made I at tho end of 1017. however, whereby ioO.OOO tons was allotted to Uic J-s un" r. Sratile.

Cortland and San Ih'ibnn The XlVtZZlTl aquil. Ihe lattct.