The Times from Hammond, Indiana • Page 12

THE TIMES Founded In 1908 by Sldmon AIoHle PuMtiAM Otllf Sxwpt taturfty mil HoUdsyi By Hammond Publlihlni Company, In ttnui BuIMInt, 41T-19 iTayitU Hunmond, Indiana. JAMES S. DcLAURlER Publisher and Managing Director D. A. CORNWELL Circulation Manager KEN.

V. PETERSON Advertising Manager LOOK! B. REEVE Classified Manager Entire) C1MI MatUr In Hit PDA OUloi at Hammond, Fib. 3. 19li; Act o( Conarm.at 8, 1879.

Page 10 Monday, October 15, 1956 435 Governors Becoming Stricter Due notice should be taken of the recommendations made a few days ago in Denver by the Governors Conference on Highway Safety. True, only five governors attended. Yet they were a committee set up for the purpose by the full Conference of Governors held in Atlantic City, and the five did spend a lot of time on the highway safety problem. Their chief recommendations, as predicted, involved stricter laws and their stricter enforcement for auto drivers. One recommendation proposed that car manufacturers be required to install inside door-opening handles of a safety type, which, could not be affected by a collision, and would keep car doors shut until unfastened purposely by human hands.

The committee of governors also pleaded for all states to set up uniform and reciprocal license-lifting procedures, so that a person who lost his license in one state could not get a permit in another state. THE GOVERNORS URGED compulsory inspection of automobiles, with tags barred for those with mechanical faults, and of course touched on compulsory automobile insurance--another highly controversial question. Just about every idea advanced by anybody in recent years for curbing and penalizing reckless drivers was approved by the committee of governors at Denver. The continuing increase in highway mishaps justifies stern innovations in driving curbs. There are some drivers who never will become reasonably cautious until they are forced to be, by the very stlffest and harshest legal measures.

Catchy slogans pleadings for highway courtesy never will be meaningful by themselves for a certain type of driver. Even Crooks Have Rights Federal Judge Edmund L. Palmieri refused to terminate the citizenship of Frank Costello, long-time underworld czar, for the technical reason that the federal prosecutor had not made out an adequate case. Some of the evidence against Costello, the court found, was "tainted" with illegality (as by wiretapping) and the legalistic purity as well as adequacy of some of the" other evidence against Costello was vague and not court-acceptable. As Costello is now serving a five-year term for tax evasion, and as the doors are still open for prosecutors to work up a legally- sound proposal for deporting him back to Italy, the effect of the court ruling is Itself just technical.

As a matter of fact, there can be some in it, and a re- to upright citizens that American courts do try to be fair and "legal," even when dealing with a person known to every citizen to be a crook and a scoundrel. Costello has been prominent in prohibition, slot machine and gambling rackets. He often has been referred to as the "prime minister of the underworld," and New York's Mayor LaGuardia used to call him publicly "a bum." Yet even a person whom "everybody knows" to be crooked is legally innocent until proved guilty In a court of law by proper court procedures--including the strict laws of evidence. Costello can be, should be, and has been punished to the extent that he has been proven guilty by such means. The recent court decision merely forbade even prosecutors from deciding who should be deported without adequate evidence.

A Global Perplexity Resolved If anybody doubts that the United Nations is right on the job, that skepticism should be scuttled at once. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is still live; it loses sleep to be helpful in science; it is wide Awake for culture. Experiments in England under UNESCO auspices have proven that cows and sheep never sleep--a question which surely has kept many humans tossing restlessly in their beds and trying to count those very same sheep to woo slumber. In fact, this may have been one of the major things wrong with the world all along--simply nobody being sure about this, and with many a shepherd feeling sheepish in his ignorance. The UNESCO project, solemnly reported "Nature," a British scientific journal, didn't quite prove that other ruminants--such as goats, deer, antelope giraffes and gazelles--also are kept constantly awake, maybe by high taxes or violin practice next door.

That's something the UNESCO should concentrate on until definitely decided. EVEN' hO, it's comforting to know at some sleepless midnight that somewhere there are cows, patiently re-chewing their cud, ruminantmg over placid events of the day, and deciding on how many pints of milk to give tomorrow, yet not even trying to sleep. There's a rumor that fish don't sleep either, but that must remain just a fishy tale until UNESCO takes hold of it. Cats close their eyes and pretend to be dead to the world--yet many a one yowls on back fences all night long and next day seems to have no more and no less a catty disposition. It's possible, of course, that the bheep in this study were afiaid to shut their peepers and just pulled some wool over UNESCO eyes, as it were.

Anyhow, findings like these surely help to unite tha United Nations no end, but we must remember that Red China isn't yet a N. member, and it may be that cows in China are so contented they never really wake up. Another Russian Shift Persons trying frantically to keep up with the thought patterns hourly changing in Moscow know of course that the Soviet regime is now all mixed up on the subject of divorce, among other things. From 1917 to 1944, Russians could live together with or without marriage with no social or, legal discrimination, and any man could divorce his wife (or the reverse) just by signing a card, Yet since 1944, the pendulum has been at the other extreme and It's now almost impossible, and always tedious and qostly, for a couple to end a marriage even by mutual eagerness. Cabled dispatches now indicate, however, that official Moscow is alarmed because a lot of couples who can get a divorce but-can't afford to live separately are sharing the same rooms but never speaking.

Wealthier persons set up homes with their new sweethearts, and try to support two households--but that gives outsiders the idea that some Russians have riches and others don't, and that is bad. indeed. Also, as couples now can't get a divorce on ordinary grounds, they purposely and publicly are committing a lot of sins just for the sake of divorce evidence. Anyhow, Moscow newspapers are now speaking out qnite freely about the "great need" for easier divorce laws, and that very open publication indicates that such plans already have official sanction and are in the works. DAVlb International Board Of Jurists Proposed In Suez Controversy WASHINGTON--The sanctity of a treaty--whether the promises men live by will be kept--is the only real issue in the Suez Canal controversy.

Time was, just a few decades ago, when world opinion centered on ways and means of arbitrating or settling by an International commission of jurists--all questions of a "justiciable" nature. The Idea was that, If it was a "legal" question and not one that Involved "national honor," nations should be prepared to let Impartial judges settle it Is the world today devoid of jurists who can examine the treaty of 1888 which provides for management of the Suez Canal' Why should exaggerated claims about "sovereignty" which have little to do with the matter when the words of a treaty, duly signed by the principal nations using the canal, cover that subject and provide what shall be done in various contingencies? THE SUEZ CANAL TREATY of 1888 itself, which is of indefinite duration and has never been abrogated by the nations that signed it, says' "Article I The Suez Maritime Canal shall always be free and open, in time of war as in time of peace, to every vessel of commerce or of war, without distinction of flag Consequently, the high contracting parties agree not In any way to interfere with the free use of the canal, in time of war as in time of peace. The canal shall never be subjected to the exercise of the right of blockade "ARTICLE II. The high contracting parties, recognizing that the fresh-water canal is indispensable to the maritime canal, take note of the engagements of his highness the Khedive (of Egypt) towards the Universal Suez Canal Co as regards the' fresh-water canal; which engagements are stipulated in a convention bearing date the 18th March, 1863 "They (the signatories) undertake not to interfere in any way with the security of that canal and its branches, the working of which shall not be exposed to any attempt at obstruction. T.

"Article VHI. The agents in Egypt of the signatory powers of the present treaty shall be charged to watch over its execution. "ARTICLE DC. The Egyptian government shall, within the limits of its powers resulting from the firmans (decrees of the Turkish government), and under the conditions provided for in the present treaty, take the necessary measures for' insuring the execution of the said treaty "In case the Egyptian government should not have sufficient means at its disposal, it shall call upon the imperial Ottoman government (Turkey), which shall take the necessary measures to respond to such appeal, shall give notice thereof to the signatory powers of the declaration of London of the 17th March, 188S; and shall, necessary, concert with them on the subject "Article xni With the exception of the obligations expressly provided by the clauses of the present treaty, the sovereign rights of his imperial majesty the Sultan (of Turkey), and the rights and immunities of his highness the Khedive (of Egypt) are in no way affected I THE NATIONS SIGNING this were Great Britam, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Spain, France, Italy, The Netherlands, Russia and Turkey. Since those days, the form of government In some of these countries has changed but, unless a treaty is specifically repudiated, it remains In force as an obligation of the government that has succeeded the regime that signed the document.

Also, Turkeys rights over Egypt Itself were given up as a result of changes brought by World War but the Egyptian government is still bound by the same legal obligations as it was when it existed as a political entity under Turkish rule Successors or heirs to contracts are bound by the provisions of those contracts There is and has been no question, therefore, about the "sovereign" rights of Egypt reference to the canal and surrounding territory. The only limitation on Egyptian "sovereignty' is the one Egypt herself accepted when she undertook to keep in operation the 1888 treaty. She continued to function under it until the recent seizure of the canal property itself. This act apparently was a violation of the specific obligations of the treaty, but it did not render the treaty null and void HOW LONG does the treaty run? The canal company contract has untilj.968 to go, but the treaty of 1888 says.t "The high contracting parties agree that the engagements resulting from the present treaty shall not be limited by the duration of the acts of concession of the Universal Suez Canal Co So the 'legal questions are clearly evident from a reading of the treaty. Can a nation go back on its word and yet claim it is observing the treaty? Why should the parties of the 18SS treaty agree to a mutual abrogation unless a new treaty benefits them' Cannot the dispute be resolved by an agreement among the users of the canal negotiated now with the Egyptian government but retaining the overall protection of the 1888 treaty? This is a problem for lawyers--not for soldiers.

Surely In the United Nations, or outside of it, a juridical commission can be formed to render a legal opinion--even if advisory--on the obligations of the present Egyptian government and the other parties to the 1888 treaty If contracts can be broken at will, international order will be disrupted and wars will result. HERE AND THERE Hashbrown Potatoes By CLAYTON KAND On the same plane which grounded this passenger in Pendelton, Ore, were four Russian physicists fresh from the Soviet, en route to attend the International Congress of Theoretical Physics at Seattle. All from the University of Moscow they were Valadin Barash- enkov, Sergei V. Tyablikov, N. Bogollnbov and Ter Marbrdsyan Though they each spoke English, one couldn't get much conversation out of them for fear they might be quoted.

When they did talk they wanted to talk only about segregation, being from the most segregated nation on earth They also registered curiosity over the food, especially hashbrown potatoes, which they had never seen and hadn't ordered. In some places out West potatoes-are served three times a day and always hashbrown for breakfast. If a visiting Republican or Democrat in Russia were served something he hadn't ordered or seen he, too, would smell at it MISS GAY SELAK, a banker's daughter from Seattle, got more attention from the professors than anyone else on the plane, and being the daughter of a capitalist she, too, was under suspicion. The unmarried delegate boasted he had both a town house and a country home in Russia and couldn't believe that Miss Selak didn't have a house full of servants Someday I'd like to sit at table with a Communistic theoretical physicist and a capitalistic practical banker with a good portion of hashbrown potatoes and vodka, and enjoy with them their mutual contempt. Before Hatching VOU'RE COUNTING SAME BUSINESS OUTLOOK Tight Money Sign of Prosperity By J.

A. LIVINGSTON DETROIT--Here, In a city where you'd least expect it, i a i whose business life is monopolized by automobiles, Secretary of the Treasury George Humphrey gave William McChesn.y Martin Jr, chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, a critic compliment. Yet, Martin wasn't there to take his bow. Humphrey spoke at the Economic Club of Detrpit He carefully explained to his big-shot listeners, men who have a self-serving Interest in liberal instalment credit to consumers (for that's how 68 per cent of the automobiles are sold) that credit must be rationed. "Our problem," said Humphrey, "is to continue to live successfully and permanently with prosperity.

It may be even tougher than the problems of adversity. For when you are in trouble the whole idea is to get it over with--to make a change. What we have now we want to keep. We want the good times to continue. We want to have exactly the samo problem next year, the year after, and as far ahead as we can see.

"TOO MUCH all once' la our "happy problem," Humphrey explained. Americans are in a spending mood Corporations a expand plant, install machinery. State and local governments are building roads, hospitals, schools. The federal government is spending larger sums on defense Research laboratories are calling for technicians, engineers, scientists. Housewives want new appliances, home furnishings, arid other amenities of modern living--urban, suburban, and rural And, in Detroit, to listen to the sales managers of auto companies, you gather that no American with an eye for style can possibly resist the 1957 model cars Back April, this problem of too much all at once emerged in Washington as a difference of opinion.

Martin and the other members of the Federal Reserve Board made money tight and in the process Secretary Humphrey and other advisers of President Eisenhower critical. Automobiles weren't selling at the time. Home-building was slumping. Farmers were griping about low prices Why, argued administration stalwarts, risk creating a credit crisis when business is faltering? AGAIN, IN August, a Difference of opinion on timing arose Administration advisers thought that easier money might ease business through the summer doldrums and insure a vigorous fall upturn--in time for the election. The Reserve reiterated Too many people are bidding for too little goods The price of money must be allowed to go up.

Humphrey's speech took cour- ageT He said, in effect, that the Federal Reserve Board was right. Indirectly, he conceded he'd been wiong. Already, small finance companies--not General Motors Acceptance Corp, or C. I T. Financial, or Commercial Credit are finding money scarce.

This could hurt auto sales The simple truth of it is this. Business men today are competing for credit as well aa for customers The banker, poor fellow, is today's no man. He culls the poor risks and makes money available to ttie better risks--in self-protection. THIS IS hard on building contractors who have been scrimping for credit on little capital to construct large home developments. The banker says "No" to them.

It's hard on new business firms --on appliance dealers, on small stores, on a a The banker asks them to produce a strong balance sheet for a loan- maybe get a father- in-law or a brother; maybe cut the boss' own salary. (Only recently, the American Trucking Associations appealed to the Treasury and tlie Federal Reserve for advice on how to get credit for some of the members who need new equipment--but can't get long-term money It's hard on persons who need mortgage money--either to buy a new home or to sell an old one. (In this last case, the seller wants buyer to get the money so that the sale is possible) MONETARY HISTORY RECURS of sHort-tarm credit above was custom 20th century AcotJOKam. MI AS A consequence, for the first time since the late '20s, short-term money is more costly than long- term money (see chart). A corporation can get a lower price-lower rate of interest--by selling bonds than by selling commercial paper or borrowing from a bank.

That puts pressure on companies with expansion plans to finance now--and not try to borrow from banks. In this, the history of the early 20th Century is repeating Tha money pinch isn't likely to become a major election issue. Too many persons have savings and confidence 'Too many businessmen are making handsome profits. The credit stringency is tho result of prosperity, and a person who's well-off isn't likely to be irate just because he can't borrow all the money he wants Voice of the People Policeman Wins Praise Voice of the People: I to publicly express a word of commendation and appreciation for one of the men in your Hammond Police Department, Officer Calahan, who veiy kindly and graciously stopped his car on the Calumet Expressway last Sunday night and assisted me when I was having difficulty with my car I was returning home from a preaching appointment in DeMotte, Ind, and when I had difficulty In getting a spare on my car I tried to hail a passing motorist. Dozens of cars went by and I was about to give up hope when Officer Calahan and his family stopped and helped me.

I deeply appreciate his assistance and very fine gentlemanly attitude. He is a police officer of whom Hammond can be proud REV. JOHN KUITE Chicago Social Club for Oldsters Voice of the People. I am taking the privilege of writing about a social club for the older people of this area I have talked this over with people In this category, and they seem to think it would be a good way for the older people to get better acquainted socially and give them something to interest them. They could become more interested in the problems of the communities they reside in and they would have some place to go to pass the time in a pleasant way I don't want to try to go into Ikall the details here, but I hope someone will do something to try to make this possible.

THOMAS WATSON. East Chicago. Thanks to Firemen Voice of the People We wish to express our thanks to the Fire Department of East Chicago for the consideration shown in extinguishing a blaze without causing any unnecessary water damage or destruction. i thoughtfulness and courtesy were deeply appreciated. MRS STEVE BODAR 3935 Deader St.

East Chicago VICTOR RIESELi RETIREMENT "Be not weary in well-doing." Gal. 6:9 You ask me how I'd answer it WHEN MAY A MAN OR WOMAN QUIT? My first urge is to answer "Never" They should toil on and should not sevei Connection with work and good deeds And serving God and human needa wheelchair, sick-bed, prison-cell Wherever you are forced to dwell Do what God's job for you requires He runs to meet death who retires JULIEN HYER STRICTLY BUSINESS By McFeatters RIESEL Labor Contributions For Demos Expected To Hit $1,500,000 NEW YORK--Behind the closed doors of the Ohio Room in Washington's Hotel Statler one recent morning, Adlai Stevenson's campaign chief told 50 influential men that it was their dollars which are providing the power for the Democratic drive for the White House. The 50 men are labor leaders. The dollars are not theirs--the money 13 coming in fxpm their followers in the greatest outpouring of vol- a contributions in presidential campaign history. This the union chiefs told Paul Butler, chairman of Democratic National Committee.

And the record will show that the dollar drive launched by the national unions has netted ov-, er $1,500,000. All of it has gone to the Democrats 1 Republicans would be deceiving themselves if they doubted this It's the record. It's tha evidence of the impact of labor's year round political activity which does not sprout to morning glory only at the dawn of critical campaigns Without this kind of support from labor, Democrats would be in as deep financial trouble as a bank with vaults filled only with Confederate currency. THERE ABE A FEW officially Dohtically neutral unions in this campaign Of these, only one has bucked the Democratic-labor coalition. That's the Teamsters Brotherhood, America's most powerful union What Its chief, Daye Beck, has done is to wnte an open letter to his 1,500,000 members to tell them he thinks that all labor ought to stay out of politics and rely mostly on its "economic of course, the picket line.

Beck's letter is characteristically tough He says he feels "veiy strongly" about what he says and that no one will push the union into supporting any candidate it doesn't like This was an irritated reference to the AFL- CIO's endorsement of Stevenson and Kefauver. "THERE ABE SOME representatives of labor who advocate aligning themselves with one of the major parties, but with this course, the Teamsters Union is in definite disagreement and we have placed ourselves on record," wrote Dave Beck. "Regardlt 3 of what it may entail, the International Brotherhood of Teamsters will not permit an infringement of its autonomy to act for and In the best interests of its members Just what the best interests are is being decided in every state. Hundreds of thousands of dollars, sponsorship of TV broadcasts and long cacophonic caravans have been lined up by the local Teamsters for Republicans and Democrats across the land BUT MB. BECK SAYS there will be no delivery of the enbre union to just one party.

Why? Because, says Beck, he will not barter "political allegiance for short term gains which may bring long term disappointments "The course we enunciate here is the soundest insurance against any trend towards nationalization of industry through political action," Beck said "Economic action is the fundamental procedure for our organization. We were built that way aa a union. The American labor movement was built to its present important primarily through economic, not political, action. By stressing the importance of economic action, we are guaranteeing that the labor movement will remain a free movement, not tied to the political forces of any party." So says Dave Beck, who still is the most powerful man in labor's most powerful union. Its a lone but loud voice.

If Stevenson wins, the voice will not be heard above the dm. If Eisenhower wins, Beck will not be alone next time (Copyright, 1956) "You make a very persuasive case for a raise, Argyle!" FAIRLY SPOKEN Dog's Night Out By MAKGARET LATROBE We recently reported some youthful over- familiarity with a family of skunks. There now reason to believe the pretty woodland creatures read that piece and decided to continue the discussion, in person. This particular night was just like many another. Stars shone with a brilliance only October nights provide.

The moon was smiling in the heavens Boots, our curly black pup ('lightly stupid, as it happens) was frolicking fcbout, convinced that we considered her the sharpest of canines. We feel obliged to engender this attitude in her faithful heart. Dogs get neurotic, you know--if they read too many articles on psychosomatic subjects, or if their owners "reject" or othe rwise maltreat them. So we string along letting hrc feel herself (1) a fine watchdog, (2) a brave defender of the household, (3) In no sense a sometime nuisance. WELL, WHERE WERE WE? Out in tha yard Okay, the night's beauty was a httla overdone, or we would have been safely inside before the critical moment when Bootsie discovered a cunning little playmate.

We are pretty certain she thought the black and white animal was a cat Which shows what I meant about being stupid. That wasn't any cat. It was skunk, whose mother had told it all about methods of defense in time of peril. Bootsie, as luck would have it, is not a peril. Burglars could enter this household and loudly bounce our sticks of furniture on the lawn, yell for of helping hands, even partake of a late'snack from the ice box whose door slams loudly--with no peril from, one Bootsie.

A sound sleeper, you might say of her. And a sensible one, for being stupid; sha has no feeling for intruders except to keep the heck out of sight This intelligence had not been studied by the skunk, who assumed that here was a good chance to throw some weight around. Prove who was boss, you might say. WE CALLED to our little dog, as we usually do. And she came bounding and leaping Into our arms, as she usually does.

And then all manner of reactions set in. "Say, I "Hey, you don't But by that time Bootsie was in the house, cuddling up to the children and hopping about the entire domicile. At least, one could assume she covered lots of territory in very short order. One curly black pup was banished to the garage this night when the stars shone so bright and clear. We could not banish ourselves, and more's the pity.

But if anyone asks why the line is full of clothes today I'll--Til--scream. Or something. A brain surgeon says the average human isn't equipped to drive one of today's high-powered autos That's not news. It seems -the only one who has ever been able to out maneuver a Rockefeller is Bobo. In Ireland, a boy hu been raised a chicken.

It's nothing to crow about.