The Brooklyn Daily Eagle from Brooklyn, New York • Page 14

THE BROOKLYN DAILY EAGLE. NEW YORK. SUNDAY. APRIL 4. 1909, Is Uncle Sam Losing His Grip? I AL STAFF OF -PRESIDENT TAFT THE rrzzzzzizzzm! i Continued from Page 1.

with aliens. On the one band It was held th.1t th rniintnr was hnpnm'ne nver- of the United States and have analyzed populated; on tho other, that undeslra- 1 hit tnra ttrn nUmanln whUh WAIlli' lint the character of the aliens woo A. 1 HHi- 1 Pm formed the greater part of this increase. were pnmtne here One ARnrct nf this A Glance Into the New Executive House in Order and a Brief Sketch of Its Members Now, let us see what Europe Has Deen later view certainly Indicates that; the entire population of the original types of the country's population is changing, and doing. Tho census shows that from 1800 to it leifflB cerrain mat ir rn line nr linmi- Ar, .1.

In nf Furnn InclUdlDE ion continues to come from the sam 17W lUQ UUUUIALJVU fc fZrBIII kus the British Isles, but exclusive or quartera of the globe from which it has sia and Turkey. Increased 98.5 per and thus doubled during the century. In mmrr'r Nit raw 4 RESIDENT TAFT now keiShts of Guayama. Mr. Taft grew fond or or mm wnne ne was engineer omcer baa his bouse In der.

He has choBan mi r' ill his "personal 'staff," the Department of Luzon, In the Philippines, where he later built the lighthouses of the various Islands. He Is the first bachelor master of ceremonies In many years. are the men who will be associated with him come in the last twenty years, there win be In the iuture. an entirely type of Americans. But now this nt.w problem has arisen.

It Is not the fear that an unrestricted Immigration will overwhelm" us, but that our population will decrease so soon aa Immigration ceases. Those economists who have been alarmed at a threatened overpopulation of the country are not the first to experience this alarm. Thomas Robert Malthus, back in 1798, had similar views on overpopulation which extended, however, to the entire surface ofthe earth. In his essay on this subject he said: "The power of population is indefinitely greater, than the power in the earth to produce subsistence for man. Tht3 prop- t.i 1 thatl the same period the population or tne United States Increased fifteen-fold, but this increase was In a large measure due to immigration and not to a natural increase by births, and is not strictly comparable with the increase in Europe.

The conclusion Is apparent that the white inhabitants of the United States who were descended from persons enumerated at the first census numbered in 1900 approximately 35,000,000. Therefore, at the last census the white population was about eauallv divided between tho I under his own roof; I and a. good index to man's personal Eight young officers of the army and navy will be assigned to serve under Major Cosby as aids to the President and Mrs. Taft. They will assist in planning social functions, making up Invitation 1 tastes is the charac ter of thOBe whom be wants around blm.

lists and entertaining guests at large assemblages. These have been held over in far from thA Rnnapvelt. Brtminlntra- rieRpenrianta nf nernnna enumerated In UBIllUll UbllUa UU IWU jjuaiuiniH. food is necessary to the existence of man; 1790 (35,000,000) and persons or their 3, 'that -the. passion between tne sexes necessary and will remain nearly in.

its descendants who had arrived 1n- the United States after that period present state. Population, when 000). By 1900 the white population enum unchecked, increases in a geometrical ti-tio. Subsistence increases only in an RV thaf law erated In 1800 had increased .686.5 per a flanre which may be regarded of our nature which makes food neces as comparable with the increase In Euro sary, the. effects of those two unequal powers must be kept equal." Such writera as Adam Smith.

Wallace pean thus Indicating' tnat ir the natural Increase by births in the earlier years had been maintained the population of the United States would be and Hume recognized this, but they did Be It said also that happy are the men whom a President sets to work at his olbow. If faithful they are almost sure to find the White House a stepping-stone to fame and fortune. Thus Hay, Lamont and Cortelyou, the secretaries of Lincoln, Cleveland and McKlnley, entered tho cabinet, though Hay earned his promotion following a diplomatic career more than a. generation after Lincoln had "Joined the Innumerable caravans." Frederick W. Carpenter, whom Mr.

Taft has appointed as his chief secretary at 56,000 per year. Is believed to have In him what will prove to cabinet timber, after it has been seasoned. Like Cortelyou, he is a lawyer and man of silence and discretion. He is as modest as Mr. Loeb was aggressive, and he differs from his predecessor in training as well as temperament.

Mr. Loeb, once an humble telegraph messenger boy, worked himself up through the Albany High School to be an expert stenographer and practical Politician, the young lieutenant of Eugene Burllngame. Mr. Carpenter, on the other hand, Is a trrflfl II 11 1 A and 8. laWl'Sr.

MT. tion, with the exception of Lieutenant L. C. Talmer of the battleship Vermont, who succeeds Lieutenant Commander William Sims, promoted by President Roosevelt on the eve of his leaving the White House. Such assignments bring these honored officers In Intimate relation with the President.

Thus Captain Archibald W. Butt, one of the army aids, frequently rides horseback with the new President, as did young Fltzhugh Lee with President Roosevelt. Courtiers of this class, who In past dynasties have been so close to the throne and the insignia of whose corps has been a pink rampant have on occasions managed to be useful as well as ornamental, so long as they have escaped obsession by the exalted ego a. malady which has had a high percentage of prevalence among tho younger members in recent years. Then thora a olen hr.nd new "pnnrt net shew the way in wnicn tne levenus should take place.

Malthus held there was a constant check on population owing to the difficulty of subsistence. Nor was this check, he said, confined to man, for it was experienced by the race of planta and anmials. In the human race one result of the check was vice and misery, but at no time In the history of the world "has the power of population been left to exert itself with perfect freedom." Darwin agreed with this position and on it probably based his theory of natural selection. Malthus maintained that never have the modes of life been so simple and far In excess of what it Is, In the greater part of the Inhabitants of the United States were of British stock. From 6,000,000 population In 1700 Great Britain peopled the American colonies and increased her own population to IC.000,000 by 1800.

Then, in the nineteenth century she Increased her offspring In America, founded populous colonies In various parts of the world, and by 1900 had Increased the population Taft Family in New Touring Car. lv unknown to Mrs. Taft. She will be especially variable In handling the social These two officers, besides prescribing for the presidential family, will have charge of the hygiene and sanitation of the White House will see that the ex- hv so moral and food so pientuui as 10 pi--- correspondence with the diplomatic corps and other distinguished foreigners, since of the British Isles to 41,000.000. By 1900 check to ily "among however, the original stock In the United the iower cias8e9 from a fear of not pro- physician," as he is facetiously called In she Is versed in German; French and Washington.

Every officer of the army wasnington. wvery omcer oi me army viding well for their families, or among i ecutive oinces uu uui ucuumo v.t. and navy receives for himself and family too much hot air during the dally ordeal der a colored steward, as In previous administrations. The President has chosen a new doorkeeper In Thomas E. Stone, whose bearing while he was a Pullman conductor on the presidential train attracted President McKlnley and who was selected by that President as chief usher in' the residence portion of the White House.

He succeeds the. veteran doorkeeper, MaJ. Loeffler, U. S. who has guarded every Prenirtent since Grant and for whom Mr.

States nearly equaled the population in the mother country Thus tho British the higher classes from a tear or lowenus their condition In life." He adds, how ever, that in all races mere nas evr been a constant effort toward an increase of population with the tendency to subject the lower classes of society to distress and to prevent any great permanent amelioration of their condition. He hpld, i oorlv Anv Pttf'R POOP Bill Taft nhowa his esteem by retaining him on full hit for special duty, where his1 then being under discussion in England Spanish. Sho was born In Dresden, her father being a German, though her mother was a Southern belle, Miss Sorrel of Savannah, whose brother was Long-street's chief of staff. Miss Blech has traveled widely in Europe and has lived for some years in Egypt. She is a slender brunette of medium height and regular features, and she modestly refuses to allow press photographers to take her picture.

Mrs. Taft is the first lady of the" White House to whom Congress has given a housekeeper on the government pay roll. The salary provided for this important functionary in the. recent deficiency bill unequaled acquaintance with public men will be needed. I.

H. Hoover, one of the ushers In the private part of the man- Loeb, who had stayed in Albany from the time of his birth until he came to Washington, is an example of the non-rolling stone which gathered the moss, whereas Mr. Carpenter has been tho roving bee that gathered -he honey, for after being born in a little Michigan town be moved to a California lanch, took the university course at Minneapolis, sealed down to law work in Minnesota, went to Manila to serve Mr. Taft and returned with the latter to Washington. Mr.

Taft got hold of Mr. Carpenter by accident, while Mr. Roosevelt selected Mr. Loeb after trying all of the stenographers in the governor's office at Albany. Mr.

Carpenter is thirty-seven, six years younger than Mr. Loeb, but a year older than the latter was when he became chief secretary to President Roosevelt. Mr. Carpenter enters his office as a bachelor, while Mr T.noh tnolc'to himself a comely little ion succeeds Mr. Stone as cuief usner at tl.800.

and Charley Pusey, another people In two hundred years broke all records of growth of population among all nations of the earth. But in these early years the United States were eclipsing all the countries of Europe In the natural increase of population. The Increase of natural population in this country from 1800 to 1900, Including both whites and negroes, approximated 700 per while the Increase of all Europe during the samo period was barely 100 per cent. Therefore, during these hundred years the natural population Increase in the United StateB was nearly seven times as large as the average for Europe and the British Isles. At the beginning of the twentieth century the entire population of the earth was 1,500,000,000, and for the purpoBo of comparison It will be Interesting to note how the bulk of this population is distributed In eleven of the great states "of the world: iiehr aueceeds Patrick McKenna as assistant doorkeeper, McKenna becoming chief of messengers.

There are employed till: i-v MtfkiV that all attempts to raise tne prico provision and lower the price of labor tended toward a check in population, and hat efforts to increase population without increasing the food supply was futile. In searching for the causes of the decrease In the birth rate in the United States might It not be well for the government to take note of some or the theories advanced by Mr. Malthus? What he says of the food supply and population In 1798 applies to the food supply and population in It is not that in this country we lack the supply of food, but that the prices have risen to an almost prohibitory range so far as the middle classes and the worklngmen aro concerned In this country and the rearing of large families in these classes is. not a question of desire, but a question of human prudence. Theodore Roosevelt preached against, what he was pleased to call "race suicide," but In making his Chinese Empire 400,000,000 British Empire 400,000,000 Russian Empire 135,000,000 preachments he neglected to state per-haDS he did not know the conditions which cause "race suicide, the main one France 85,000,000 United States, including Philippines and Porto Rico 84,000,000 German Empire 70,000,000 Austria-Hungary 45,000,000 Japan 44,000,000 Netherlands 43,000,000 Ottoman Empire, with Egypt, Bulgaria, Bosnia, etc 40,000,000 Italy 32,000,000 The increase in populations was the most remarkable in the history of the world during the nineteenth century and bride just prior to his appointment to the same office.

Mr. Loeb is better off financially than If he bad entered the Taft cabinet, as he receives the full cabinet salary of $12,000 a year and has no demands on his purse strings for social display. Moreover, he Is "right on the Job" in New York politics. Secretary Carpenter, like his predecessor, will- be blamed by every one who fall's to make connections with the inner executive sanctum sanctorum. But while he will be condemned to all of th purgatories and perditions by the disappointed seekers of favor, the successful ones will exalt him to the seventh of the seven heavens.

Next to Secretary Carpenter, the most important man on President Taft's "personal staff" will be Colonel Spencer Cosby, U. S. the new master of ceremonies of the White House. For many years the rule has been that the officer of engineers who Is placed "In charge of public buildings and grounds" at Washington becomes custodian of tho White House and chief Bocial aid to the President. In foreign countries these social would carry the title of "court of which is the lncreasea cost ot nviuK.

Tho majority ot men with common sense in their heads and humanity in their hearts are not anxious to bring into the world and rear large families or children to ultimately suffer for the want of food and clothing, to be denied an education that, may raise their station in life, but, on the contrary, be compelled to follow along lines that will eventually place them in the vast army ot pauperism. In 1803 Malthus published a second edition of his essays, to which he added to his theories of vice and misery a plea for moral restraint as a check on population. This was induced by the high price ot provisions at the time. In his radical views on checking the growth of population he proposed that a public notico should be given to the effect that no especially during the latter half of it. America opened the gates and the Immigrants poured into this country, hut without a corresponding decrease of populations from the countries fiom which they cams.

A striking example of this condi- CP VT. W. Mischler, New Assistant Secretary to the President. chamberlain." Next to tho President himself. Colonel Cosby will be the most conspicuous figure at the White House state receptions, where, resplendent In full dress uniforms and glittering side arms, he will present each guest in turn to Mr.

Taft. Ho will be the stage manager of all social dramas enacted under the President's roof, will supervise the music and the decorations, will have vharge of the repair and refurnishing of of listening to political delegations and free medical attention from the post surgeon, and this perquisite has long fallen quite legitimately to the President by virtue of his being commander-in-chief of that no germs of the sleeping stcKness intrude by way of the malls from Mr. Roosevelt's tout in the. African jungles. President Taft has also appointed as a new assistant secretary, at $3,000 a year, WomiMi Misrhler.

who was his confi I dential clerk in tho War Department. this execution. Mr. Loeb former ISm AWUM With clerical force will be retained under Mr. Carpenter.

This staff included two assistant secretarles'at $3,000, two -executive clerks at $2,500, a disbursing officer-Colonel Crook, President Lincoln's bodyguard at $2,000, seven clerks at $2,000. .11 F3SW15 clerk at $1,800, one telegrapher, at Monico Lopez Lara, President's Flliolno Valet-Barber. $1,800, four dories at $1,600 and one clerk at $1,400. Two new women on the government payroll will assist Mrs. Taft.

Miss Alice Blech, who has been transferred from the Bureau of American Republics to the the Bureau or American njjuijiii.a iu is $1,000, and Mrs. Jane Gafrey. an el- hv Tra. in the building five ushers at $1,400 and three at also nine messengers, aeriy wuiiuji. position of White House clerk, at $1,400 Taft's friends in New York, has beea se- four at $1,200 and five at $900..

The year, will act as ner private secreiary. i lectea ior tne pusiuun. i uuu.ow III- a tt jUl II I a remainder of ths male force, specially provided for In the last appropriation I RjJ 1 Thl3 wonlan receives ner appoint- tnat an or ine mie nuune uuhjcohvo will be under her command instead of un- bill, consists of a watchman and flre- III ment purely on merit, as she was tormer-, $900 each and two laborers at man and JSOil $720 more homelike and less formidable A appearance to the private entrance to the White House the old main entrance un- der the north results tho pApenr order nf President Taft from substituting his two former colored footmen in his service while secretary of War for the two uniformed policemen who up to now have taken the cards of callers. These footmen wear a modest blue livery of formal cut, with silver but- each! presents to the arriving tons, guests silvetffi'ver bearing Mrs. Taft's a monogram.

Two Elmer W. Loving, President Caddy Protee. Each President has his proteges, have already appeared under the new child born of any marriage taking plac after a year from the publication of suci notice, and no illegitimate child born tw years from such time, should be entitle! to parish relief. He also urged that th Aiacvvman -hn pfflpintdd at htiv marrlftE tion of affairs was exhibited in the German Empire from which great daaf's were made between tho years 1800 and 1S50 and which, nevertheless, Increased about 61 per cent. regime.

'The first was Elmer Loving, the boy who so expertly caddied for Mr. Taft on the links at Hot Springs and who won the big heart of the then President-elect not only by his golf playing, but by his display of ambition in studying at borne of nights after supporting his mother by caddylng during the day. Mr. Taft brought the boy to the White House as his confidential messenger and now he is to Bend him through the University of Virginia and give him an allowance of $2 otim.iri mciira din in rnp wmnn-np mil. nQL14 Colonel Spencer Cosby, Vl 4 'rt rHW The New Maater of Ceremonlej.

"fi 1 band his obligations to support. his chifi dren ana explain 10 mm ine wrong would inflict on his future offspring; an on society if he married without foi prospects to support them. Malthus ad When the census was laKen in iow there were in this country 529 children under 5 years of age to each 1,000 women between 15 and 4 years of age. In 1900 the ratio had fallen to 518 and the next census, in 1910. will show a much lower ratio.

The average size of families in 17H0 was 5.8 persons and in this same area to-day the average is 4 6. a decrease nhmit 20 ner cent. In 1790 families coin- mansion and will handle the funns 1he vocated late marriages as a check both arms of the service. The honor of thus prescribing for the Presidential family, which fell to Surgeon General Rlxey of the navy during the Roosevelt regime, hK lnt l.e,n transferred to Lieutenant nvernnnulation. while other economist I a day besides, 'tis said.

The other Taft among them Mill, Place and BradlavglJ protege is a colored brother, William fanaell, who was messenger to Mr. Taft auilll mug, (lie iuicp Ul ilia ments, proposed early marriages with re posed of not more than three persons represented only 25 per cent, of all the fam Colonel Guy L. Edie of the army medical i appropriated by Congress for its maintenance. As a major of engineers he was serving as one of the three commissioners who govern the District of Columbia when Mr. Taft made him his master of ceremonies the other day.

But his new office elevates him to the rank and pay of a colonel and he will remain in this advanced grade long as he retains this assignment. ilies in the United states, in j. lies ot this size represented nearly 40 per striction or t.imuies. To-day, however, we are studying ho we may increase our population by natural birth rale. Perhaps, by studylr Malthus, wo may learn why our btrlh rat does not Increase instead of decrease.

cent, of the entire ui.iii"--i France has been mucn sisnueu ui mi over the decrease in her birth rate, yet 1 In Ovp of the New corps, a Virginia man, who was attending Burgeon at the War Department while Mr. Taft was Secretary or War, and who is suspected of having inventeii tho no luncheon plan for Mr. Taft. Lieutenant Colonel Edle will regularly measure the presidential waistband nnl will gradually reduce the presidential menu the meantime the cold figures ol tm England states and in New York Slate is when the latter was secretary of war. Mr.

Taft has a Filipino valet. MonieO Lopez Lara, whom he brought with him from Manila. He will also serve an the presidential barber, succeeding William Dulaney, whom Mr. Roosevelt made an accountant In the Treasury at $1,600 a yoar. Another Innovation of President Taft's is the order requiring secret service men ho follow him to dress as he dresses so far as possible, and thus wear silk hat3 at church or at the theater, that they may appear more as though they were hia romnanlons and leas' like Sherlock atn I ist Intn rpTialn nnt av is a bachelor and a Marylander, forced to two conclusions as to the meaij years old and was graduated i 41 pla at West Point in 1X91.

AB 1 i1- Firick Caijenw'IM in nearly tne same n.i mi "i ratio is the lowest in Europe. With these facts and figures in mind we are presented with a converse view of a national problem which has worried man-economists and anti-immigration societies for the last decade or more. The fear ot of increasing our population: 1. By births. 2.

By immigration. If we reject both of these there Is bi one answer: major nf engineer, during Spanish until the d-sired effects have been ob- he was on General Brooke's staff talned. This task proving loo great for t. Klnirle nair of arms, an assistant nas Retrogression hia class of reasoners nas uceu umi m. United Staes were filling up too rapidly (Copyright, vm.

by Frederick Boyd Stevensonl I Holmes and his friend. Dr. Watson. cCcpyrlght, 1900. by John Elfreth Watklnj.) throughout tne operauuna in While in Cuba he was the engineer of- been supplied In the person Captain ficer of the column that turned the in- Matthew A.

DeLaney, also of the arm trenched positions of the Spanish on the JelM).