The Daily Times-News from Burlington, North Carolina • Page 1

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244 FULL NBA SERVICE RreTffTS. Made Satellite Is Orbiting; Armv Plans Tn Launch Another One Soon The Daily Times News Jupiter Missile 17 TJl otno Armv Gains 1 Carries Explorer PAPT? Fla. () The United States' Excitement Greets U. S. Satellite Russia Extends Congratulations On Achievement Slipping U.

S. Prestige first man made satellite whirled around the earth today and the Army disclosed it is preparing to hurl another into orbit. JL JL WASHINGTON (iP) The some of the prestige it lost to Russia last uctoner. am top nation still has a long way to go. two nffiriaic caiH if wrmiH hp foolish to underestimate result of its achievement in getting two Sputniks aloft months before the United States I' LONDON The, It was the Armv Jupiter missile tnat tirea a jv.o pound moon aloft" last night, recovering some of the U.

S. prestige lost when Russia boosted her two Sputniks into space last fall. "That's wonderful!" President Eisenhower exclaimed when news of the Army's success reached him at Augusta, where he had gone for a weekend of relaxation. With a huge burst of flame and a thunderous roar that could be heard for miles along Florida's east coast, the Jupiter blasted off from this top secret firing base at 10:48 p. m.

EST yesterday. About an hour and three quarters later, its satelhtejiad completed its first journey around the world and tracking stations were receiving its radio signals. It was so well established in orbit, said Maj. Gen. John B.

Medaris, head of the Army's missile test program, that it will remain aloft from 2 to 10 years. United States regained today escaping the devastation of any future great war. In spite of worried public opinion in many sections of Europe's population the NATO Council voted that rocket bases and U.S. nuclear stockpiles should be established there. A showdown on the issue of which countries they should be established in was avoided.

That issue is being negotiated by the NATO military com mand, but is still unresolved. In renlvin to the Bulganin let ter which he received, Eisenhower declared American readiness to into an East West summit con ference if there was advance preparation and if this preparation gave good hope of successful launching of the American: artificial eartn satellite explorer lifted spirits in Western Europe today. The Russians extended congratulations in a dispatch delayed three hours by censorship in Moscow. The only disappointment expressed over the U.S. satellite launching from Cape Canaveral, was good natured.

Europeans were sorry the orbit might not carry the baby moon over their heads for a look. The satellite's orbit extends about 35 degrees of latitude on cither side ot me equaiui, idtuus 'the 30.8 pound Explorer over southern Asia and Australia, most of Africa and Latin America, and the Southern United States. Most Europeans got the news on breakfast time radio newscasts, since it came too late for morning papers. Moscow radio carried the nnnrt in overseas broadcasts but Ike Calls Satellite Launch Wonderful' 4 made no immediate mention of it In Prestige By Success Achievement May Ease Restriction On Missile Work WASHINGTON (iP) Army prestige soared today after it proved its claim it could put a satellite into orbit. Using its own rocKec weapons for the power plants of the four stage launcher, the Army last night sent the Jupiter roaring off from Cape Canaveral, Fla.

The satellite, Explorer, went into orbit seven minutes after the button was pushed. The Army's hope for permission build and use improved listic missiles rode up with the satellite. Here, it seemed, was evidence for the Defense Department to consider in deciding whether to relax its ruling forbidding the Army to equip its own forces with intermediate range ballistic missiles and limiting its big missile development to perfecton of the Jupiter IRBM. As matters now stano, uie Army designed Jupiter Weapons will be used bv the Air Force a service with its own Thor IRBM I weapon. IRBMs are designed to1 travel up to 1,500 miles.

The Dclense wmuu had assigned the satellite launcn inrr nrnippt. to the NaW when Prpsirient Eisenhower ordered the program started in 1955, called the Army into the program on Nov. 8. 1957. The directive for the Army to prepare for launching a satellite as a possible supplement to the Navy's Vanguard project came after Russia had put up her second Sputnik and after months of work to get the Navy launcher ready.

The Army set about changing two of its Jupiter research rocK et vehicles for use as satellite launchers. On Dec. 6, the Navy attempted a launching. The Vanguard burned ignobly on tne pad. Anotner vanguard was put on the pad.

Trouble dogged it. There was no fir Intensive effort was put into conversion of the rockets at tiu Army Ballistic Missile Agency in Huntsville. Ala. Army scientists and technicians I finished the nob. mounted launcher on the pad, waited out a couole of davs of bad weather.

pushed the button and sent the; satellite orbiting out as far as 2,000 miles in space. Maj. Gen. John B. Medaris, chief of the Army Ballistic Missile Atrencv told Senate investiga tors on Dec.

14 that the Army offered more than two years ago to launch an instrumented satel litean offer which the general said was rejected in August ihm. Medaris presumably was refcr (See ARMY on Page Eleven) Satellite Named Explorer; Juno Might Be Better NEW YORK UP) Explorer is the official name of the first U.b. satellite. But "Juno" could be a fitting nickname. It as launched on its historic journey by a Jupiter research rocket.

Juno was tne wite ot Jupiter, top god in Roman mythol ogy. Dr. James Van Allen of the State University of Iowa, who designed the cosmic ray counter in the satellite, had proposed the1 "tencrs. The Soviet news agency Tass reported the launching without comment in a terse dispatch from Cape Canaveral. Communist East Germany's radio station said the first U.S.

satellite was launched "17 weeks aft er the start of the Soviet. Union's first Sputnik." Sputnik 'launched last Oct. J. to cet the news was Dr. Martin Ryle, director of the Cambridge Radio Observatory that tracked the Soviet satellites.

"It's a fine show they have got it up at last, a very good thing," Ryle commented. Prof. Takeo Hatanaka of Tokyo University, one of Japan's top authorities on solar physics, said in Tokyo he was "certainly glad to hear (of the launching) because the United Stales definitely did it by keeping its word as its project for the International Geophysical Year." with its orbiting explorer omciais aomuwieugeu. um the lead Russia holds as a agreements. Despite considerable speculation that the United States is willing! to soften these terms, high State! Department officials insist there has been no decision to do so.

Thev sav a conference without careful preliminary planning and without reasonable prospects of success might make world conditions worse instead of better. Nevertheless, officials privately concede that with the U.S. satellite in orbit they face the prob ability of a summit conference sometime this vear with consid erably less concern than they felt before the successful launching last night. launching and the orbiting amounted to a special thrill. The Armv.

once lust about ruled out of the missile develop mnnt fipld. had stepped in to bol ster U.S. prestige alter Kussia launching of two sputniKs. But at the Eisenhower vacation headquarters there was not even a hint of criticism of the Navy; and its unsuccessful efforts to launch a Vaneuard test satellite. The Navy's first attempt Dec.

6 failed, and it had to give up temporarily again last weekend. That cleared the stage for the Army. Eisenhower flew from Washing ion to Augusta yesterday after noon, and the word wnen ue arrived was that weather condi tions for an Army launching at tpmpt at Cane Canaveral prob ably would not be right before irly next week'. For the first time since he suf fered a minor stroke Nov. 25 the President got in a regular round of golf.

He had just come off the course and was settling down to few rubbers of bridge with tnenas hen Haaertv received the first of several phone cans trom wasn ineton. They all came from Brig. Gen. Andrew J. Goodpaster, White House staff secretary and Eisen hower's liaison man with the Pentagon.

Goodoaster reported the weath was clearing at Cape Canaveral and said it was beginning to look the Jupiter could be launched during the ni; firing time target 'at that point was 10:34 p.m. Hagerty, headquartered at a ho 1 1 a few miles from the Presi 1 dent's cottage at the edge of the golf course, promptly relayed that message to Eisenhower. At 8:30 p.m. Goodpaster called Hagerty again. The big rocket was being fueled.

Hagerty went from his hotel to Eisenhower's cottage. He called the President away from friends at the dinner table and gave him the latest information. At 9:50 p.m. there was another call from Goodpaster to Hagerty. It then seemed virtually certain the rocket would be launched.

Goodpaster left his Washington home and went to the White House to cut into a special telephone circuit linking him to Pentagon officials who across the Potomac River were getting phone reports from Cape Canaveral. Goodpaster opened another line to Hagerty. At 10:25 p.m. and again a few minutes before the launching at 10:48, Goodpaster again was on the phone to Hagerty. And as the moment of launching approached Goodpaster repeated the Gape Canaveral preparatory count down to Hagerty minus seven, minus six.

At 10:48 the fire command was given and 16 seconds later the upiter was on its way into space. At that point the President got on the phone to Washington and for several minutes listened to Goodpaster relay from Cape Ca naveral a word picture of the; rocket flight. Almost two hours later Goodpaster received word from the National Science Foundation the satellite was in orbit around the earth. Goodpaster phoned Hagerty a last time, Hagerty pnonea Eisenhower, and the President ex claimed: "That' wonderfull" to I 10 Stations Are Tracking Satellite gia to South Africa and from San Diego to Chile were following the first U. S.

earth satellite today. Its radio signal, one scientist says, is "like a mixture of varying musical tones, not a beep like the Russian satellite." Another project official de scribed it as a high pitched Whatever its sound, this radio vnire is one of the prime means of tracking the 18,000 mile an linnr vehicle not to mention value in relaying scientific infor mation irom the satellite to uie earth. The radio signal provided a farewell song as the great Jupiter rocket zoomed from its launching pad at Cane Canaveral, and then the Minilrack stations went into acion in various parts of the world. Thf successful launching. ging though it did behind Russia's two previous successiui opuinihb, brought praise from official Washington.

"Wonderful. President Eisen hower said at Augusta, horo he is vacationing this end. Vice President Nixon said the launching "demonstrates to world that there is no monop olv of scientific capability. Tie lirst omciai repon iram (he tracking system came from Antigua, in the British west in dies, but at that time project scientists did not yet know that the Explorer had successfully launched into an earin guumiK asn't until the satellite passed over the American West Coast alter having gone aimosi around the world tnat proj ect officials were pretty certain an orbit had been estaonsnea It was an amateur radio club in Earthauake Vallev I Dieco that first reported the West Coast passage to International Geophysical Year (IGY) officials. That was about 11:50 p.m.

EST last night, just about an hour after the aunehing. Ten minutes later, the satellite zoomed over Florida again and explorer was surely in business. Amateur radio operators around the world should be able to pick up the signals from the higher powered of the two radio transmitters. That one operates at 108.03 megacycles and is expected to be operating for two or ihree weeks. But signals from the lower powered transmitter sending at 103 megacycles probably can be (See 10 on Page Eleven) U.S.

contribution to the world got its Explorer into orbit. One of the early diplomatic suits of last night's achievement may be a new U.S. move to press President Eisenhower's proposal to Soviet Premier Bulganin for an agreement pledging outer space to peaceful uses. A new initiative on this proposal in the United Nations is though no specific has yet been decided on. Secretary of State Dulles nas suggested a U.N.

agency might be created by East West agreement to police a pledge to limit space missiles and space expiora ion to peaceful purposes. Unless some such system Is worked out, offirials here foresee a long period of increasingly grim, cosuy ana aangerous cumpcuuuu by the world's great powers for control of the skies. As officials presently see the situation, the launching should strengthen this country hand in negotiating with Russia for a summit conference. There is no doubt State Department leaders were reluctant to approach a top level meeting so long as this country was completely behind in the satellite race. Eisenhower and Dulles have insisted from the first Russia's ability to launch its Sputniks despite implications of Soviet missile capability had not upset the world Balance ot military power.

But no one deied that it threatened to upset the balance in the future or that the diplomatic bal ance had shifted in Russia's favor and considerable damage had been dealt American prestige. Part of the impact of Sovie! successes on world opinion, authorities here say, was due to the fact that Russia had achieved spectacular accomplish ments which many people had assumed the United States would take the lead in achieving. When the United states finally did undertake its first effort to catch up by launching the vanguard satellite rocket on Dec. 6, the operation turned out a nigmy publicized failure. Authorities attributed consider able prestige loss to the failure because it raised doubts as whether the United States was nearly as good in this field as people had assumed.

Meanwhile, the Soviets had followed up their satellite accomplishment with aggressive diplo matic action which quickly was tagged Sputnik diplomacy. I lus readied is peaK in aa ance of the NATO summit con ference at Paris in mid December hen Bulganin wrote Europe; allied leaders warning against any agreement to base U.S. mis siles on European territory. In effect, Bulganin was maning bid for neutralism in NATO Europe bv implying that if the Europeans refused U.S. nuclear rockets they might have hope of Egypt And Into Single CAIRO, Egypt Wc Egypt and Syria merged into one Arab state today.

A ioint proclamation signed by Presidents Nasser of Egypt and Shukri Kuwatly of Syria made the merger official. The two presidents affixed their signatures to the historic docu ment amid wild cheering from an Egyptian crowd assembled out side tne om presidential raiace. The new state will have one flag, one cabinet, one Parliament and one army. Nasser is expected to become president and Cairo the capital. It unites about 28 million Arabs in one state, its land areas separated by 150 miles of territory in which lie the states of Israel and Jordan.

Egypt's population is more than 23 million and its land mass far greater than that of Syria. Leaders of both countries already are urging other Arabi countries to join the union in one great Arab speaking nation ci ing the Middle East. Countries which would be eligible for mem bership are Jordan, Iraq, Lebanon Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Sudan, lid ya, Tunisia, Morocco, Algeria and the sheikdoms of the Arabian Peninsula. The countries some of them at loggerheads with Egypt and Syria unlikelv the Army's satel lite will be visible to the naked an announcement, tne Armv said: "IC will appear in its orbit with about the brilliance of a one fifth to one sixtn magnitude star, and a star of this brightness barely be seen witnoui som magnification." There are no living organisms i the satellite, the Army said. The Navy plans to put yeast cells nr: or more oi its satellites experiment to provide data on the reaction of living matter to conditions outside the earu's atmosphere.

There was confusion in early reports about the altitude of the satellite. Medaris said tne distance from the earth in its cliptical orbit would range between 185 and 1,230 miles. Dr. Wernher von Braun, designer of the rocket, said it would swing as high ai 2,000 miles and as low as 230. Rraun said the 6 foot long metal tube is circling the earth once every 113 minutes.

Medaris said the time was 106 minutes. They disagreed also on the baby moon speed, von uraun ngurea it at 19,400 m.p.h.; Medaris said almost exactly 18,000. The satellite christened Uie Explorer by its Army sponsors has the only radio voice coming to earth from outer space. Sputnik I has disintegrated and the radio batteries oi tne dog carrying sputnik II have long been dead. Two hours after the firine.

Me daris told a news conference here that the Army "has been directed to fire one more (satellite) at the present time." The date has been set, ne said, lit will be kept secret. The Army received a go ahead to launch its little space traveler after the Russians had fired their Sputniks. Previously, the space program had been assigned i 1 i cly to the Navy. Efforts to get the fs'avy van cuard rocket off the ground have failed. The first Vanguard blew up on its launching pad here Dec.

G. The firing was highly publicized in advance and the failure was a severe blow to U.S. pride. Last nicht's spectacular success was no surprise to the Army, which claimed it could have done the job long before the Sputniki it it had been given the chance. Medaris was so confident that In a statement prepared several days ago he predicted "about a 90 per cent degree probability" for success on the Army's first try.

The great blast of orange flame that marked the Jupiter C's departure from the earth indicated it was one of the most powerful rockets ever launched here. Taking off more quickly than other big missiles, it gained momentum swiftly as its mighty engine thrust it high into the starry night sky. Seven minutes after the blastoff, its satellite was in orbit. The Army said the satellite, a (See JUPITER on Page Eleven) How soon will we learn what the little moon is finding? Some of the major events can probably be reported fairly quicklysuch as the temperature inside the satellite, or temperatures on the skin when it passes from sunshine into darkness. Or if it is getting slugged by really sizeable meteors.

But precise data will be longer in coming. Each pass of the satellite produces recordings, and hundreds or thousands ot passes overhead can build up a sea of records to be analyzed. It might take three to flv months to get precise data, one expert said. EXPLORER ROCKET Above is shown launching ot an Armv Jumter rocket that blasted the United States' first earth satellite into orbit around the globe last night. The huge rocket rose from Cape Canaveral, Fla.

Seven minutes later it placed a radio equipped satel lite, named "Explorer," in orbit. Satellite To Hold Fixed Attitude CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. IT) The Army's satellite, if it performs according to expectations, will be sailing along, day after day, nose first halfway around the world and tan nrst tne otucr nan. No, it won't be pointed like an arrow in the same direction en the time. It won't turn around, or tumble, or flipflop or anything like that.

All this slender tube, more than feet long, is expected to do, as it orbits at 18,000 miles anj hour from 300 to 1,500 miles out in space, is to retain a fixed at titudeand we aon mean altitude in space. The authority for this is the spokesman for the government owned Jet Propalsion Laboratory Pasadena, builder oi tne Army satellite. The satellite, actually the final stage of the Jupiter rocket, re an enormous pencil bu inches long, inches in diameter shine about 30 pounds Most of this weight consists of the instruments inside the object. A laboratory spokesman said the principle of the satellite's flight could be explained by holding a pencil, representing the satellite, above a ball, apple or other sphere, representing earth. The Army satellite, JPL says, will retain throughout its flight as a satellite the attitude and we still don't mean altitude it assumes at the start of the orbit.

At that point, the pencil used to illustrate the principle is horizontal or parellel to the surface of the sphere. One fourth the way around the eartn," instead ot curving wiui the "earth," the pencil is vertical witn relation to tne ground, iw more miles beneath it. The nose; Satellite code. Ground stations record the signals on magnetic tape, then they are translated. In a sense, your automobile gasoline gauge could be considered a telemetering device.

The needle tells you how much gas you have you don't have to put a stick inside the tank. In essence, here's how the little moon's system works: It is broadcasting on two trans Each one has four channels for tclemcterine information, from de scriptions published, in technical! Journals bctorc tne launcning. These channels operate in dif By MARVIN L. ARROWSMITH AUGUSTA. Ga.

W) "That's wonderful!" That was President Eisenhower's elated reaction ear lv tnrfav to word that an Army Jupiter rocket had rammed the United States' first satellite into orbit around the earth. Then, after waiting up for that word until nearly 1 a.m. the happy President put out the first official announcement that the baby moon was racing around the globe. Eisenhower, here for a weekend of coif and bridge, took the orbit ing information by teiepnone irom Washington about two hours after the satellite carrying rocKet was. launched at Cape Canaveral, Fla.

At a dramatic news conference, wiiitp Tlouse Press Secretary James C. Hagerty issued this statement by the President: "Dr. J. Wallace Joyce, head of the International Geophysical fice of the National Science Foundation, has just informed me that the United States has successtuuy placed a scientific earth satellite in orbit around tne eartn. "The satellite was orbited by modified Jupiter rocket.

"This launching is part of our country's participation in the International Geophysical Year. All information received from this satellite promptly will be made available to the scientific community of the world." The phone message from Washington that the satellite was in orbit was given to the President at the Augusta National Golf Club by Hagerty. "He had just two words," Hagerty reported. And then he quuleu Eisenhower as having told him: "That's wonderful!" For old soldier Eisenhower, who spent 40 years in the Army, there was no doubt the successful Syria Merge Arab Nation are standing on the sidelines, giving no hint they eventually want to join. For more than a year Egypt and Syria have been feuding with Jordan, Iraq, and Lebanon.

Their relations with Saud of Saudi Arabia are none too cordial. The Sudanese government has often made it clear it wants nothing to do with the union. Tunisia ana morocco have never been close to Middle East countries. Yemen may want to join. Until now Egyptians have ap peared cool toward union, ine fervor for it came from the leftist Syrian government.

Nasser and his government had good reasons for reluctance. He has been sensitive to Western charges that he sitive to Western charges that he: is trying to dominate tne Arao world. Syrians themselves originated the idea of union with Egypt in 1955. What prompted Nasser final ly to consent can only be guessed. Some quarters believe it was tne growing strength of the hated Baghdad Pact, linking Iraq, an Arab country, to a Foreign alii' ance.

others believe nc nopes to curb any dangerous Communist trend in Syria. Financially, Syria should gam since it win ac joining a larger country with larger resources and a larger market for her merchants. wide IGY. "I trust the American scientists will cooperate with us in its obser vations, unlike the Russians failed to furnish us with enough information." Hatanaka said. An American officer at Allied (See EXCITEMENT on Par; ID Huntsville Stages Wild Celebration HTIA TSVILLE.

Ala. Hunts i nio mhtptk; hesan a wild cele bration last night as the United ct, wt ofollifo wat launched by a Jupiter missile at Cape Canaveral, Fla. The Jupiter was developed at nearby Redstone Arsenal, site of the Army ballistic missile agency. Sirens signaling the successful launching were sounded xiv.au ville about an hour before Presi dent Eisenhower's announcement from Augusta, that the satellite was in orbit. The sirens were a signal prearranged by Mayor B.

Searcy and nthpr ritv officials. PrmrHc hp assembling in the sin square in aownuwu xxlu, shortly after it was disclosed ne JUDiier Dearing mc moon was launcnen ST). within an nour aner me ouyi ter was launched the crowd in the downtown section of this north east Alabama town had increased tn several thousand. Searcy estimated the crowd at about 10,000. The city nas ulation of about 56.000.

The crowd waived placards, which said: "Shoot for Mars Move over Sputnik Our Missiles Never Miss Space is Ours We Dnod It." effigy carrying a sign which read "Secretary wuson was htirned on the courthouse square. The sign obviously referred to former secretary ot intense mi Sky rockets were fired from street corners. Fire crackers ex nlndcd. The demonstration wa. in those that dotted the nation marking the end of World War II.

Police drove along the main name "Juno" for the rocket. (See SATELLITE on Page Eleven) Gossiping About Space Called Chatterbox Explorer By ALTON L. BLAKESLEE AP Science Reporter NEW YORK America's first satellite is a true chatterbox gossiping about space. Its radio voices talk continuously, not with the beep beep beep of Russia's first Sputnik. All this talk is in code, telling what the Explorer is learning about cosmic rays, meteorites, and temperatures hundreds of ferent ranges of cycles per second.

In one method of measuring me teors, a sensitive microphone de tects pings from hits by these tiny space bullets. Signals from the microphone drive a counting circuit for continuous transmission of the cumulative number of hits. Cosmic rays can be counted in similar fashion to meteor hits, and earthbound men can learn how serious a hazard this radiation will be to crews of future space ships. The taped records from ground receivers aro decoded ard ana lyzed to learn what the space talk means. This system is telemetering, a "litters, one 103.03 megacy kind of telecram from space.

i clcs, the other at 103 megacycles. Tclcmetcrine has long bccni done with rockets which soar up I 50 to 200 miles, then fall down! aeain. Instruments record infor mation, code it, and broadcast in (See: HUNTSVILLE on Pago id.