The Philadelphia Times from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania • Page 21

THE TIMES SUNDAY SPECIAL SUNDAY MORNING. SEPTEMBER 27, 1896. 21 CAUGHT THE TWO THIEVES SUICIDE, MURDER AND REVENGEFUL DEEDS CREDITED TO THEE NEWEST ACHIEVEMENT OF SCIENCE FOR THE SAVING OF HUMAN LIFE. the extract killed a mouse in two hours, the notable symptoms being convulsive spasms, paralysis and difficulty In breathing. These symptoms correspond closely to those of snake poisoning.

Immunized mice were not affected by the scorpion venom. In the north of Africa scorpion bites are very serious and sometimes fatal. Accordingly, It Is suggested that persons bitten by scorpions may find the anti-venom a cure. For a long time It has been imagined that the poison of the bee was probably comparable In power to that of the rattlesnake, Inasmuch as so small a quantity as the insect Is armed with produces such distressing effects. One of the strangest facts In nature is the Immunity ofcertaln speclesof niammalsfrom poisoning by snake venom.

Hedgehogs do not seem to be injured by it; pigs often eat deady serpents, and the little mongoose, hardly larger than a big squirrel, does not hesitate to attack the most dangerous snakes. Dr. Calmette tried a dose of cobra venom on a hog, and the animal did not suffer. He imported six mongooses from Guadaloupe. One of them he put In a box together with a cobra six feet long.

The cobra attacked the mongoose at once, but the latter dodged and presently grabbed the head of the snake between Its teeth and broke its neck. The doctor Inoculated a gentleman in the Indian Civil Service, Is a capital example of 'animal' furniture. The seat Is covered with the beautifully-marked skin, and the head and paws are so arranged as to give the impression that the terrible animal is about to spring. This chair is particularly Interesting from the fact that the tiger was a dreaded man-eater, which had devastated and appalled several villages In Travancore. The day It was shot this brute came Into a village iif search of a dainty meal and succeeded in carrying off a little white girl, 10 years of age.

This child was afterwards rescued, but she was so shockingly lacerated that she died the same night In the house of a missionary doctor. "In the house of a big gome hunter you will come across all sorts of trophies, doing duty In various capacities. The leg of an ostrich mounted as a door-step, or, stranger still, the foot of a big elephant fashioned into a liqueur stand, so thatlt may be placed on the table In the mldjjt of a group in reminiscent mood, Nimrods who may, perchance, be fighting their battles over again. This is one of Mr. Itowlaud Ward's registered designs.

The foot is that of an Indian elephant a magnificent beast-shot by the then Duke of Edinburgh during a well-known tour. "Very large elephant feet, by the way. are coveted trophies, and are, moreover, interesting indications of the height of their late possessor, twice the circumference of the forefoot giving the height of the elephant at the shoulder. Strictly speaking, though, this rule applies more particularly to the Indian species. "Not the least Interesting among the Items of 'animal' furniture that ha come under my notice was a certain letter-box in a country house.

The top part consisted of the skull of a once-notoiious leopard, which had decimated great herds of cattle in Its day, and requiring a vast deal of killing, Record skulls of Hons, tigers and leopards are very frequently seen mounted as useful objects in the country bouses of wealthy hunters. One, for instance, Is a hall clooi (irmly grasped between the jaws of a tiger which killed at least five unlucky Hindu gun-bearers, whose cowardice cost them their lives. 'I have been shown ugly-looking fashioned by natives from the horns of the rhinoceros. There are as pie-covers; the eggs of emus and ostriches as basins and jugs; hares' heads as match-boxes; flying opossums holding card trays; colling snakes as umbrella stands; capercailzie claws as candlesticks; wild asses' ears as tobacco pouches; hippopotamus skulls as arm-chairs; foxes' heads as toothpick stands: elk and wapiti legs supporting tables; panthers hugging satin-lined waste paper baskets; flamingoes holding electric TABLE ORNAMENT MADE FROM TUSKS OF INDIAN WILD BOARS GRADUALLY EXTENDING FASHION FOR UTILIZING TROPHIES OF THE CHASE SPLENDID SPECIMENS OF THE TAXIDERMIST'S ART. defunct animals are called upon to throw light upon tilings.

I refer, of course, to animals converted into lamps. Some years ago a certain lady's pet monkey died, and. although her grief was great, she resolved to have her dead darling turned into something useful as well as ornamental. In life that monkey had been phenomenally active-tweaking the' noses of dignified people who least expected it; and the sorrowing mistress couldn't bear to think of the poor little thing as a mere stuffed specimen grinning idiotically beneath a glass case. Therefore was that pet monkey set up as a candle-holder, grasping In its little fists the polished brass sconces, and with quite an eager, officious air.

i "This set another fashion, and before long a West End firm (Messrs Williams Bach, of New Bond street,) was doing a roaring trade In animal and bird lamps. For some reason. Innumerable monkeys were sold to Jight up billiard rooms, the little animals swinging from a hoop with. one hand and carrying the lamp in the othpr. After a time people other than those who had dead pet monkeys wanted to possess these unique lamps, so that defunct simians from the Zoo bad to be eagerly bought up, and Mr.

Jam-rach, the famous wild beast importer, was vexed with orders for dead monkeys. Later on less uncommon pets parrots and cockatooswere utilized In a similar manner, and at length this latter form of the craze reached preposterous dimensions. Will It be believed that the Bond street house (I have It on authority of the manager) had actually to keep a stock of live parrots and. cockatoos, so that aristocratic customers could select one for a swinging lamp? After se A Hew York Drummer Tells of an Interesting Experience in Mexico. From the Washington Star.

"Last April I was down in Mexico," said a New York traveling salesman, on a business trip, and one night my partner and I had to remain over in a small place about fifty miles out of Mexico City. It wasn't such a had place, either, but the landlord of the hotel told us that thieves were plenty, and If they were cornered they might stick their knives into people. Our room In the little tavern was a kind of a summer house affair, out In (he yard, with a door on each of two sides, and was only a few feet up from the ground on a kind of a platform veranda. We had soveral hundred dollars which we had collected, and the safest place we could put It wasjn our satchels In our room. "For a wonder the doors had locks on them, but the upper part of the door was made In Venetian shutter style, and a man with a long arm could, by stretching, probably reach the lock.

We weren't very much afraid, and merely locked the doors without noticing the shutter part at all. Besides. It was dark when we went to bed, as we didn't want a light to attract the Insects. Wc slept without disturbance until the first gray streaks of dawn, and then we were awakened by a queer noise at the doors. "We suspected thieves at once, and as quietly as mice we slipped out of bed and began to reconnoiter.

When I got to my door It kind of gave me the creeps to see a dirty yellow hand thrust through the shutter and stretching itself downward toward the lock, and I was tempted to yell and scare the marauder away. However, I kept my nerve, and In a second or two It was strangely fascinating to watch the efforts of that hand to reach the lock. My partner was having the same kind of an experience, and the thieves were evidently Intending to take us 'a-comin' an' CHAIR MADE FROM A BABY GIRAFFE "We stood Irresolute for a minute, and then my partner made a sign to me to hand him an old lariat hanging on the wall. This In a second he had looped at each end, nnd I saw the trick. The next minute he had a hand apiece looped at each end of the rope, and had pulled It tight inside.

Everything had been perfectly still up to this time, nnd now it was stiller than ever. I do not know what the thieves thought had happened to them, but they were caught, and as soon as we got the rope knotted we let go, nnd they discovered that they were tied together and there wasn't any way for them to get away unless one of them pulled the other through the knot hole, so to speak. "Then It became funny, and we sat there nearly splitting, but never making a sound. In a minute or two more -we could see another hand coming through with a long, ugly knife In it, trying to cut the rope holding the first hand, but we had drawn them far through, and the other hand could not reach. Of course, we expected now to hear a yell and have some kicking and other disturbances, but the stoicism of the Indian was In them, nnd they never made a sound until the landlord himself spoke to them when he came to wake us up.

"That was two hours or more later, and we had In th meantime gone hack to bed to finish our morning nap. trusting to luck that they wouldn't get away. The landlord, when he discovered them, made more noise In a minute than all four of us had made since the act begun, and when we got up it was to find our garden house surrounded by half the population of the town, and the two thieves sticking to our doors as If they bad been nailed there and nobody able to get them loose." A HINT TO BICYCLISTS Too Much Oiling of the Machine ii Almost as Bad as Too Little. From the New York Post. So many bicyclists have been observed recently suffering from clogged chains that a word of advice, which has been given before in this place, may, with propriety, be repeated: Oil the chain nothing Is more necessary, but be sure not to have it wet.

Each link should be thoroughly lubricated nnd then the chain should be rubbed dry. No amount of rubbing. It should be remembered, can remove the oil from the parts between the links where It Is needed, and not a particle of oil Is required on the exterior surface. The drier that Is the better. The oil.

If exposed, picks up and holds dust and adds greatly to the friction. The same advice applies to all oiling. If so ranch is put In the bearings that some overflows and is not wiped off, dust will gather at the spot, and, even in the best made bearings, some of it will most certainly work into the balls and make trouble. And even Jf It does not get so far, the bunches of dust so accumulated detract from the appearance of an otherwise well groomed machine, and render the cleaning after a run twice as difficult as It need be. The fact Is.

that more wheels are overoiled than underoiled. "Carrying a canary," as the "wheelmen" call riding with a dry bearing that screeches. Is not half so common as a dust buried bearing. Of course, of the two the latter is preferable, but no flder need have either. Two Measures of Time.

From the Chicago Times-Herald. The older citizens of Chicago will remember the eminent jurist, Charley O'Malley, who kept his office at the north end of Clark street bridge. When a case was set for o'clock the law gave the defendant one hour within which to enter his appearance. At 10 o'clock or thereabouts "the court" called the case. If the court was for the plaintiff the case was called by the clock on the wall, but If the court was for the "deflndent" the clock was too fast and "the court's watch" was the standard timepiece.

The convenience of this arrangement was quite perceptible. A case became before the "coort" where the contract was to pay the debt In Kastern money, which was worth a premium over stumptall money. The plaintiff Insisted that he should have a judgment on the basis of Eastern money. "To I wid the East." said the court (and aside to the constable): "Ye may collect the costs of the court In Eastern money." That Is the kind of money Altgeld and Scwall collect costs In. The Last Touch.

From Larks. "Now, gentlemen and ladles," said the street fakir, exhibiting a bottle of his famous lfalr restorer, "this preparation used externnl'y will Insure a full suit of hair to the smoothest pate In the crowd. Hut remember this one necessary precaution: When the hair is once grown, then take a couple of doses Internally." "What's that for?" asked, the prospective purchaser. "To clinch the roots," replied the fakir, as he handed down the bottle andpocketed two bob." Kept Her Word. From the Cincinnati Tribune.

"And yet to think that only one short summer ago;" he hissed, "you vowed to me that you would never marry for gold." The maiden smiled with the nlr of one who had a lead-pipe cinch. "So shall I not," she said. "His wealth Is all la real estate." I .4 mm lection the doomed bird was sent along to be peculiarly appropriate. This nccomniodat-the taxidermist, killed Immediately, and then lng animal Is a young Ceylon elephant, mod-mounted In the style chosen. The parrots eled by Iiowlund Ward In a perfectly natu- IS IT INSTINCT OE SEASON Animale at One Time Were Considered Legally Responsible for Their Acts and Were Tried the Same as Any Other Criminal Storks That Committed Murder.

From the New York World. The word "Instinct" was formerly used to cover all emotions that were evinced by animals. It was instinct that taught the young to nurse; that led to the building of nesta and the selection of homes In Inaccessible spots; that made wild animals flee at the approach of man, and caused one species to mnke war on another. Instinct was a busy word then, but nowadays many people have substituted the word "reason." Many animals perform acta and evince the possession of emotions that are analogous to reason, to love and to hate. Wild as well as domestic animals show anger as well as pleasure, and their anger la often directed against a specific person or object.

Animals have been known to die of broken heart, and many have committed sui cide, incy did not nse the bare bodkin, nor did they resort to carbolic acid, but they killed themselves by other means. The Sunday World told a short time ago of a monkey In the Glen Island menagerie that hung himself because he was separated from his love. The act was premeditated and was carefully planned, and the hanging was a success In every way. Dogs have lieen known to commit suicide by Jumping In front of moving trains, as well as by drowning themselves. Snakes, which are not credited witli a high order of Intelligence, know that their own poison is fatal, and when angered.

Injured or bitten by another reptile, bite themselves repeatedly, and thus cause Immediate death. During the Middle Ages, and even as late as the time of Shakespeare, animals were considered legally responsible for their acts. They were tried for various offenses and if found guilty were convicted 'and punished. Mules were occasionally deprived of their ears for wrong doing, aud this altered the appearance of the animals, whether It Improved their morals or There was another punishment Inflicted on mules which suggests that there was method in the madness of the authorities. A mule which was particularly wicked was made forfeit to the crown, and the king had a corral of asses which could not be equaled for depravity in the world.

Occasionally the animals were tried before an ecclesiastical tribunal. Swarms of flies. Decs, leeclies and other Insect pests were often condemned to vacate within a certain time under penalty of "malediction." As a rule certain sections of the country were set aside to which the condemned animals might: retire ana live in pence and quiet. A borde of flies that bothered the residents of Mayence were tried once, and escaped pun- lsnment because of their small size and extreme youth. Rats one time began eating the barley of France and were tried In court.

They were defended by an eminent lawyer named Chasseneux, and he actually won the suit and the rats escaped punish- jfnent. In Naples an ass was tried by a jury or nis peers, no doubt nnd sentenced to die at the stake. The sentence was carried out, and the ass never committed murder again. About the year 1700 the practice died out. and some time after the S.

I C. A. was organized, and since then domestic animals have been better treated. Instances of affection between animals that are ordinarily disposed to combat each other are quite common. Cats occasionally adopt young mice or rats anil raise them with tenderness and care.

Dogs and cats do not always tight "like cats aud dogs," but live In peace and harmony. Henry C. Dlnslow, of Yates, N.Y., tells of a foxhound he once owned which took great fancy to a robust pig. The dog would spend hours in the pen playing with the porker, and he was overjoyed when the pig would engage In a game of tag. The hound would perform amusing antics with a view of entertaining the shoat.

Mr. Dlnslow also had a duck which apparently fell In love with a handsome Leghorn rooster and paid assiduous court, much to the disgust of the haughty fowl. Finally the rooster convinced the duck by means of his bill -and spurs that her attentions were distasteful, and the duck was forced to cease following the handsome rooster. Wild animals In menageries seldom meet after a separation without a fight, and the Introduction of a new bear, lion or tiger Into the cage Is the signal for a riot. The young born in captivity are frequently eaten by the mother.

Such an occurrence happened In New, York's Central Park Zoo in 1892, when Jennie, a hyena, gave birth to three cubs, and a week later made a meal of the smallest. She had shown a hatred for the little one almost from the time of Its hlrth. and one night she killed and ate It, though; she cared for the other two with the usual solicitude. In the Zoo at Fairmount Park Philadelphia, a few years ago a mother leopard ate her young, much to the annoyance of the keepers. Karl the celebrated German naturalist, tells of a murder In which two storks par- tlclpated.

During the absence of the male stork from the' nest a younger male visited the female. After several days of secret courting the two flew away one day to a stream, where the husband was hunting fop frogs. The faithless wife and lover pounced on the wronged husband, killed him quickly, and then returned to begin housekeepings plainly content nnd pleased with their revenge. Coons know that they can drown dogs If they can get them In the water, and many good coon-dogs have met their death by fighting In a stream. At such times the coon tries to hold the head of the canine under water, and victory usually follows the attempt.

In the London Zoological Garden there was formerly a lioness which was old aud and the'rnts annoyed her at night. Finally a rat terrier was placed In the cage. At first the lioness was disposed to resent the Intrusion, but after the terrier had killed one rat the lioness made friends with him, nnd during the rcRt of her life the terrier was treated with kindness and consideration. When sleeping the two were always close together, and the strong arm of the lioness was usually stretched over the little dog In a protecting and loving way. Curiosity Is a predominating characteristic) of many wild animals.

It has been used by hunters to enable them to capture or kill game. Deer are fascinated by a light at ulght, and will approach it, apparently uu- able to escape the fascinating glare. Miss Thompson, a young woman who lives In Isllp, L. and who has done a great deal of blcycle-rldlng at night, had an unusual experience with a deer. She was wheeling through the woods late at night, when a deer appeared In the road directly In front of her, gazing at the light on her wheel.

She was going at a rapid speed and could not stop. On she came, expecting to run Into the creature. When almost about to strike the deer Miss Thompson braced herself for the shock, which never came. Suddenly, the deer bounded Into the nlr. Jumped clear over Miss Thompson and then disappeared In the The young woman hardly recovered from her fright for a week.

Arctic Mosquitoes. From the Montreal Star. The popular notion that mosquitoes are chiefly resident In tropical and sub-tropl' cal countries Is quite a mistake, the home of their mightiest legions being within and nbout the Arctic circle. On coasting trips to the North Cape even vessels are Invaded by maddening swarms ot every stopping-place. It is reported that in Alaska they form clouds so dense that it is impossible for sportsmen to aim at objects beyond.

Native dogs are sometimes killed by them, and even the great grizzly bear Is said to be occasionally blinded by their attacks, and finally starved In consequence. OBTAINED FROM THE BLOOD OF HORSES Dr. Caemette, of the Pasteur Institute at Wile, France, Has Secured an Antivenom. Which Cures the Bite ot the Most Deadly Serpents-Horses Inoculated With Venom. Live Snakes Kept to Supply Toison.

Special Correspondence of THE Times. Science has a new discovery to announce to' a grateful world. It Is a sure cure for snake bite the specific so long sought In vain. The honor of the achievement belongs to Dr. A.

Calmette, of the Pasteur Institute, at Lille, France. He has succeeded In obtaining an antitoxin by inoculating horses with progressive doses of the poison of the most deadly serpents, such as the cobra. Having at length rendered the animals proof against the venom, even In large quantities, he draws from them the serum which he calls "antlvcnom." This fluid, Injected into the body of a person bitten by any kind of snake, will save life, if there has not been too much delay. Its efficacy has already been proven by trials with human patients, and Dr. Calmettc announces his readiness to furnish it In small bottles free of charge to applicants anywhere In the world.

The antivenom is obtained Just like the serum for curing diphtheria. Cobra poison Is preferred for use in the work, because it Is one of the most active of snake poisons. At the same time. It provokes less local bleeding and less swelling about the wound made by the hypodermic syringe. At lirst the doses are very small, administered at Intervals of four or five hours.

This Is kept up, gradually Increasing the doses, until the animal is able to endure an amount which would kill 2f0 large rats. The quantity required to kill a rat is taken as a sort of unit of measurement, because most of Dr. Calmctte's experiments were at the expense of long tailed rodents kept alive In cages and subjected to Injections of snake poison In varying quantities. The horse Is now considered completely immune, but to reach this result requires continuous treatment for six months, owing to the difficulty of accustoming the beast to the powerful venom. There exists in the venom of snakes an Ingredient not well understood which has the special effect of Inflaming the wound.

This is neutralized by beating the poison that Is to be used for injections. With each inoculation the local symptoms, swelling and bleeding, become less noticeable. No fever follows, but the horse is restless, refuses food, sweats abundantly and breathes In a labored way. Much care must be taken not to administer a dose that exceeds the proper limit even by a trifle, else the animal will be seized with colic and die. Finally, the horse Is inoculated with the venoms of several other species of deadly serpents.

It is now In condition for service as a producer of the new remedy; but It must first be proved by drawing off some of Its blood and trying the serum on rats and rabbits. If the rabbits and rats thus treated resist injections of snake' poison I. do not die from their effects the proposition is demonstrated. The antivenom Is prepared for medical use In a very simple fashion. Wood Is drawn from the Immunized horse into a vessel, where It Is permitted to settle.

The red corpuscles sink to the bottom, and later the watery part or serum lsdrawn off from the top. The latter is put up In little bottles enclosed for safety In blocks of wood. Each bottle Is marked with the date of preparation, "and the contents are guaranteed to retain the antitoxic power for one year. After that time the stutf Is apt to lose some of its efficacy. There Is now at the Tasteur Institute a sufficient number of horses immunized and In course of immunization to respond to the needs of the world for antivenom.

Already the serum Is being shipped to Australia, where there are many very deadly serpents, and to India, where, according' to government statistics, 22.000 persons die annually of snake-bite, the cobra being responsible for most of the deaths. It is found necessary to keep on dosing the Immunized horses with fresh Injections of venom, lest the serum they furnish lose Its quality. The antivenom Is efficient against the poisons of all species of deadly serpents that are common in the Old and New Worlds. The contents of every bottle sent out from the laboratory at Lille have been proved for the cobra, the tiger snake, the asp, the rattlesnake, the viper and the fer-de-lance. Dr.

Calmette requires large quantities of venom to maintain the Immunity of his horses, ami all persons who are In the way of obtaining snake poison of any kind are earnestly 'requested to contribute and forward it to him. There is very little trouble in getting venom from serpents living or dead. The doctor himself has quite a large collection of live snakes In his laboratory, Including nearly all of the very dangerous species. He keeps these snakes In wire cages which are lined with glass to prevent the reptiles from injuring their heads. At the top of each such box is an opening big enough to admit conveniently a short stick with a noose of leather on the end.

With this Instrument the serpent Is seized by the neck, and, taking care not to hurt It, the animal is laid upon a table and held firmly. Between its jaws is thrust the edge of a little glass saucer, which it bites fiercely. The result Is an Injection of venom Into the saucer. This Is a yellowish, transparent, sticky fluid, without smell or taste. It is soluble In water and If shaken becomes frothy.

Dissolved in alco hol or glycerine, it preserves Its properties for any length of time. Dried, It will remain unaltered for an Indefinite period. On this account it Is prudent to handle with care fangs that have been removed from the Jaws of deadly snakes, no matter how old they are. Dr. Calmette keeps a stock on hand of venoms of many kinds of snakes, dried or In solutions of glycerine.

His cabinet of preserved poisons includes those of the American rattlesnake, the dreaded copperhead, the Jaracara of the valleys of the Orinoco and Amazon, and the sururucu of the same region, most dangerous to travelers, whose bite kills a cow In two hours; also tie cobra and krait, of India; the asp of Cleopatra, the horned viper, of Egypt; the tiger snake and death adder, of Australia, and the famed fer-de-lance, which kills from sixty to eighty persons annually in Martinique the last species peculiar to Martinique, St. Lucie and the neighboring Island of St. Vincent. But so far as possible the doctor employs venom from living serpents, and healthy specimens of the cobra, ratttlesmikc, asp, fer-de-lance, horned viper and other species are kept captives. It Is observed that the poisons of different snakes vary much In quality.

Snake venom will stand boiling for a long time without losing Its properties. It dries like gum or varnish. first chemical analysis of it was made by I'rlnce Lnclen Bonaparte, In 1843, who called the supposed active principle "vlperlne." Subsequent Investigation has proved that it Is a very complex albuminoid compound. Dr. Calmette gets the poisons from dead serpents by dissecting out the glands from each side of the upper jaw, just under the skin and behind the eyes.

These glands are made to yield the poison which they contain by pressure. Finally the venom Is evaporated and put in a lass tube, which Is sealed at both ends to keep out the air. One interesting fact discovered Is that the blood of snakes Is poisonous. The supposition is that It actually contains the principles which are concentrated in the secretion of the venom glands. Many lots of scorpions have been shipped from Tunis and Cairo to Dr.

Calmette, who dcslrrti to study their poison and compare It frith. flint of snakes. The method he adopted was to cut otf the last segment of eaci scorpion's tall and mash It In a conical glass together with a little distilled water. Thei he filtered the mixture and evaporated the tcsulting solution. In this way he got 40 milligrammes of dry extract from 2S scorpion One-twentieth of a milligramme of mongoose with four Simes the mortal dose for a rat, ami to another he gave a six-fold Injection.

The former showed no effects, while the latter was sick only two days. A third mongoose received a dose eight times mortal for a rat and died In twelve hours. Thus it appears that mongooses are not entirely proof against snake poison, though they are able to endure big doses of it. The bite of a deadly snake is not very painful; it is nearly always followed by a numbness of the part bitten. This spreads through the body, and fainting and great weakness ensue.

Whenithe dose ot poison Is large breathing becomes difficult and the tongue swells. Finally comes coma and death, which by some authorities is believed to be caused by gastro-intestinal apoplexy combined with paralysis of the nervous system. If a vein Is penetrated by the serpent's tooth and a quantity of venom Injected directly into the blood stream the motor nerve lotteries are overpowered and death Is almost Immediate. In India cobra bites arc fatal In about thirty-five per cent. of all cases.

The venom is so rapidly diffused that there Is no use whatever In local treatment, such as cauterizing the wound. Alcohol in small quantities Is a help, keeping up the vitality; but It is in no sense an antidote, and In large amounts It helps the poison to do its work. Dr. Calmette inoculated many kinds of animals with venom of graduated intensity. A monkey, having a fatal dose, showed lassitude; then it staggered about and began to vomit.

It had trouble to breathe, and put Its hand to its mouth as if choking. Birds exhibited similar phenomena, beating their wings with convulsive spasms. Frogs, thanks to skin breathing, seem to succumb very slowly. One of them survived for thirty hours a dose that would have killed a rat In ten minutes. Lizards and chameleons are very sensitive to the poison.

Non-venomous snakes enjoy a par-1 tlal Immunity, enduring pretty' big doses. SMALL ELEPHANT MADE INTO Venomous serpents, on the other hand, show no effects from enormous doses of the venom of their own species. Fishes die slowly surviving five hours a dose that would kill a pigeon In five minutes. A rat is killed Instantly by introducing -Into the marginal vein of the ear one-tenth of a milligramme of cobra poison. The antlvenoni will cure a human being bitten by the most dangerous snake.

If the poisoning has not gone too far. It must be used as quickly as possible after the bite, and no time Is to be lost, t'sually the serum will get in Its work if administered within an hour and a half after the injury Is received; grown persons rarely succumb In less than three hours. The fluid should he injected beneath the skin of the side. Also Injections of hypochlorlde of lime should be made In the track of the wound and In three or four places around It, so as to neutralize the venom which has not been absorbed. Then the patient should drink some coffee or tra and be covered up for a sweat.

Alcohol and ammonia are to-be avoided and the wound Is not to be cauterized. It is likely that lu future hospitals and dispensaries generally will keep a small stock of antlvenoni on hand for use In emergencies, care being taken that It shall always he fresh. This remark applies more particularly to countries like India and Australia, where deadly serpents are numerous. In India there Is a caste of persons who make a special business of keeping and selling snakes. They do not juggle with them, however.

The snake jugglers or charmers belong to an entirely different caste, calling themselves Sangls. Sometimes the Jugglers render the serpents harmless by cutting out their poison glands, but It Is certain that many of them take no such precaution. Their ability to manage the cobra and other snakes with comparative safety Is due chiefly to acquaintance with the character and ways of the reptiles. Nevertheless, they are occasionally bitten and lose their lives. The only way to render a venomous snake harmless Is by extirpating Its poison glands.

If the fangs are pulled out merely, the next two teeth behind move forward within a few days and establish connection with tui glands. A Convincing Assurance. From the Washington Star. "I say, my friend," he said, In a hoarse whisper, to the hotel clerk; "will you have a man walking up and down the hall tonight looking for the smell of gas?" "We usually have somebody on the lookout for accidents." "Will you have some one pay particular attention to my room, number 313?" "If you desire it." "All right; have him rush In about 11 o'clock and drag me out Into the fresh nlr ajul send word to the nearest newspaper office." "What are you going to do?" I'm losing my grip In mj community. I've depended on the l'opullsts, but they're lieglnnlng to weaken In their devotion' to me.

I've got to do something and do It quick. The only thing I can think of that will restore their confidence that'll convince Oinl I'm etlll Trtth 'on, haft huiwl In as a by The fashion of keeping horns and heads as mementoes of the chase has undergone considerable development of late In England owing In a large measure to the skill with which modern taxidermists turn wild beasts Into beautiful articles of furniture. In the Strand of this month, Mr. Will-lam (1. Fitzgerald, speaking of the many beautiful specimens he has seen mounted, says: "Fancy lounging Into the entrance hall of a country mansion after a long ramble, and throwing your hat on the horn of a rhinoceros, A HALL PORTER'S CHAIR which Identical horn was once half burled In the writhing body of your host! And in saying this, I have a certain country seat my mind.

I also recall a titled lady who occasionally wears a necklace of gold-mounted bear's claws, which correspond exactly with a number of frightful-looking scars on her noble husband back. Then, again. In the beautiful home of one of our greatest big game hunters there may be seen at this moment a superb tiger set up a dumb very dumb waiter. That same tiger, however, wasn't always so obliging, and he once nearly tore to pieces the very man he now stiffly supplies with a glass of grog and a cigar. "The obsequious-looking bear whose portrait Is shown on this page, was shot In Russia by no less a personage than the I'rlnce of Wales; and for years It has 'waited' meekly In the smoking room at Marlborough House.

The setting tip of this bear was Intrusted to Mr. George F. Ilutt, F. Z. the eminent naturalist, of Wlgiuorc street, who has a perfect genius for transforming big game trophies Into articles of furniture and general utility.

From Mr. Butt I learn that this particular branch of taxidermy Is about thirty years old, Its origin dating from the time when ladles adopted the hideous fash-Ion of wearing as hats whole grouse and pheasants. In the when this craze was at Its height, the naturalist couldn't supply the birds-fast enough at $20 each. 'More grouse were worn than were remarked Mr. Itntt, gravely; 'and not merely the wings, mark you, but the whole bird from head to "After these modish abominations came tiger and bear claw jewelry, the notion of which was Imported from India; then followed various articles made from whole ani- mals and parts of animals.

One of the earliest designs was a horse's hoof that of favorite charger made Into a silver- mounted inkstand. Chairs were also made which, were supported by the four legs of a rhinoceros or zebra, or a favorite horse. "But without doubt the most original 'ani mal' chair 1 ever beheld was that which be- ongs to that mighty Nlmrod, Mr. J. (tard- lner Mulr, of 'Hllicrest' Market 'i bis chair, as may be seen In the accompanying reproduction.

Is made from a baby giraffe, which, with Its mother, was shot by Mr. Gardiner Mulr. neat the Klboko river, In British East Africa. The design Is Rowland Ward, of Piccadilly. 'It Is quite astonishing to learn how many ALBATROS BEAK AS LETTER-CLIP ELEPHANT'S FOOT AS LIQUOR STAND lights In their beaks; swans' necks as Ink bottles; crocodiles (with very expansive smiles) as dumb waiters, and elephants as 'cosy "The elephant here shown Is not exactly a 'cosy but he forms quite a unique hall porter's chair; at the same time It would be somewhat Invidious to speak of the thing as an 'elephantine hall porter's chair' even though In sonic cases the description might MOUNTED AS A DUMB WAITER ral position, but adapted for the use of the hall porter.

The hall porter asleep in this singular chair, by the way, should make an Interesting picture. "The next photo that has been reproduced here shows an extremely Interesting nnd even beautiful table ornament, made from the tusks of Indian wild boars by Mr. Butt, of Wlginore. street. It cost )f275 nnd the mountings are of silver.

In this case the tusks were forwarded by the adjutant of a crack regiment stationed In the Northwest provinces. The officers of that regiment had Indulged extensively In the noble pastime of pig-sl Icklng, and had carefully preserved the boars' tusks with the view of having them fashioned Into some useful and handsome ornament which might adorn the mess table and serve (almost literally) as a peg on which to hang many an exciting story." A Coinage Query. From the Chicago Times-Herald. If a dollar be a dollar honest coin, without' deceit one may melt It, one may smelt It, but Its value won't retreat. Melt ten dollars silver dollars In unbiased melting pot, and the silver "slug" resulting only sells for "five the lot." Melt gold dollars melt an eagle In aforesaid melting pot, and the golden "slug" resulting quickly sells for "ten the lot." Will you tell me, kindly tell me, how these dollars equal are If a little glowing furnace puts on only one a scar? There was never yet equation that demanded legislation to establish right In be; an equation is equation, else it is a fallacy! And I'm thinking, quietly thinking, that a poor man has poor sense If be vote to have a dollar that will melt to fifty cents.

THE PRINCE OF WALES' BEAR swung In brass hoops with outspread wings, and carried the lamps on their back, while5, cockatoos were 'chained' to a perch. Oh! Fashion! what cruelties are perpetrated In thy name! "A beautiful lamp made for an Australian gentleman consisted of a wild swan a magnificent coal-black bird resting upon a large mlrrbr, so as to give the Impression that the stately creature was floating on some placid lake. "The moment the door 1s opened at Baroness Eckhnrdsteln's beautiful house In Gros-veuor Square, a gigantic and truly formidable bear Is seen flooding the hall with a soft red light. This bear Is one of the very largest ever seen In this country. It was shot during one of Its fishing excursions In Alaska, and set up by Rowland Ward, who presented it to the Baroness on the occasion of her marriage.

Very quaint and Ingenious is the letter-clip shown above. It Is made from the beak, of an albatross, and Is ft relic with a history'. A year or two ago a certain foolhardy Individual set out (as many have clone) to cross the Atlantic In a craft little larger than an open boat. The adventurous voyager did eventually make New York harbor, but he was In a pitiable state of exhaustion. It transpired that before he had been many days at sea he was attacked by an enormous nlbatross, which bird, one would think, was aware of the dangerous nature of the whole undertaking.

and so commenced an unprovoked onslaught. The bird was shot, however, nnd Its head ultimately brought to Mr, Butt to make up the beak as we see It here. Doubtless that mariner Is still reminded of his lonely fight in mid-ocean every time he flies a letter. "A 'tiger chair," made by Mr. Butt for a.

Is to go somewhere, and blow out the gas.".