The Californian from Salinas, California • 1

CALIFORNIAN The Weather SAUNAS VALLEY Clear today, tonight and Thursday, but overcast in mornings; little change In temperature. Yesterday: High 63 Low 53. A NEWSPATER FOR THE HOME Information and Enjoyment For Every Member of the family Continuing Salinas Index-Journal and Salinas Morning Post Established 1871 1 FIVE CENTS VOL LXXIV, KO. 192 SALINAS, CALIFORNIA, WEDNESDAY EVENING AVGUST 15, 1943 Dim tvJsumo to UDinKi Hirohito Blames Atom for Defeat 'New and Most Cruel' Bomb Would Wipe Out Japan Completely Emperor Reveals SAN FRANCISCO (UP) Emperor Hirohito, in the first broadcast ever made to his subjects, said today that the atomic bomb forced Japan to accept the first military defeat in the 2,60.3 years of her history. The bespectacled son of heaven, speaking four hours after President Truman announced that the Pacific war was over, said that the atomic bomb, Cabinet Quits; Gen.

MacArthur Gives Orders to End Hostilities Supreme Commander Directs Tokyo Group To Fly to le Island, Then to Manila, to Prepare for Formal Signing of Surrender WASHINGTON (UP) The world today entered a bright new era of peace in which Gen. Douglas MacArthur summarily ordered Japan to send representatives to Manila to receive Allied surrender terms. He acted as supreme Allied commander. MacArthur is expected to an-e Canned Fruits And Vegetables Also Off List OPA Rationing Stop Orders Effective Immediately; Meat, Butter, Sugar and Shoes Will Be Rationed Indefinitely WASHINGTON (UP) Gasoline rationing is ended, the office of price administration announced today. Nor will canned fruits and vegetables, fuel oil, and oil stoves he rationed any longer, OPA said.

Rationing stop orders are effective immediately. But rationing of moats, fats THIS IS IT. Here is the word the world has been waiting for as President Truman at the Idle House reads Japans capitulation to the terms of the Potsdam conference. The text of the Japanese government's communique is in his hands. PLANES BEFORE CARS AUSTIN, Tex.

(f PI Miss Dell Givens took her first flight lesson at a local airfield at m. At 6.55 p.m. she made a solo flight. She doesn't know how to drive an automobile. Government Has Holiday Mistake dropped for the first time only nine days before, was new and most cruel.

The emperor spoke over the Japanese broadcasting corporation network at noon Tokyo time (8 p.m. Tuesday PWT). It was the first time, with the exception of a few government and military officials and members of the royal family, that any Japanese had heard the voice of the emperor. Dispatches from Guam said that captured Japanese officers who listened to the broadcast on Okinawa believed there was no doub that the emperor made the broadcast in person presumably from his imperial palace in Tokyo. The emperor referred to himself with the imperial "we, reserved only for himself.

Obliterate Nation The emperor, who soon must place himself under the direct command of Gen. Douglas Mac-Arthur and other Allied military Raders, spoke solemnly as he read the imperial rescript. The enemy has begun to employ a new and most cruel bomb, the power of which to do damage is Indeed Incalculable, taking the toll of many innocent lives, he said. Should we continue to fight, it would not only result in an ultimate collapse and obliteration of the Japanese nation, but it would lead to total destruction of human civilization. Faced with the alternative of capitulation or ultimate collapse and obliteration of the Japanese nation, the emperor declared that we have ordered the acceptance of the provisions of the joint declaration" of the United States, Great Britain, China and the Soviet Union.

Important Broadcast Tiie broadcast was beamed both to the home islands and Japanese-occupied territory in Asia. Japanese radio stations for hours had told the people to stand by for an important broadcast, without hinting that the man they may not dare look upon when he ap-jears In public, would speak to them. The emperor's opening words were: To our good and loyal subjects: After pondering daily the general trends of the world and the actual conditions obtaining in cur empire today, we have decided to effect a settlement of the present situation by resorting to an extraordinary measure. He said it was the solemn obligation of the Japanese, handed down by their imperial ancestors, to strive for the common prosperity and happiness of all nations. Indeed, we declared war.

on America and Britain out of our sincere desire to ensure Japan's self-preservation and the stabilization of East Asia, it being far from our thought either to infringe upon the sovereignty of JAPS Turn to Page 2 As the ship listed heavily, 500 men grabbed life jackets and rubber life rings and literally walked into the sea. In the water they locked arms and struggled to keep their heads aboxe the oily surface. Scores of the Injured died before dawn. On the second day others slipped from their lifebelts from exhaustion and during hallucinations brought on by swallowing salt water. U.

S. Opens Battle for Employment WASHINGTON (TO The government embarked on an all-out effort today to win the battle for full employment, a stable economy, and unparalleled prosperity by the spring of 1947. Reconversion Director John W. Snyder announced with high confidence the nation's strategical plan for cushioning the shock of vast war contract cancellations and achieving victory In a broadly-conceived campaign for a total and stable prosperity in peace. Mar to Peace With war contract cancellations expected to reach $35,000,000,000 in a few weeks, in the face of mushrooming unemployment which may reach 8,000,000 before next spring, and despite the manifold hazards of readjustment from war to peace, Snyder declared: The outlook for this peacetime victory is bright, but It will not he won easily nor immediately.

He said it would take at least 12 to 18 months to achieve the expanded economy requisite to full employment. As an example of the tremendous dislocations which Industry will have to absorb, the war department disclosed that It already has cut procurement of munitions and supplies by $23,500,000,000 a year. The cut represented 100 per cent cancellation of many of the army's prime contracts. Practically all that remain in force have to do with maintenance food, clothing, medical supplies and gasoline and items for research and development. Navy cancellations, to be on a somewhat lesser scale, will add more billions to the stop-spending total.

Expand Production To prevent chaos, Snyder said, the United States must expand peacetime production to a volume greater than this or any other nation has ever seen. To this end, he added, the nation must direct all of its manpower, raw materials, plants, equipment, and industrial brilliance. Snyder said some rationing, rent controls and travel restrictions would have to be retained for a while because inflation is a continuing menace. No Tricks But he promised there would be no governmental tricks to make the unemployment picture look better than it is. He said at least 7,000,000 members of the armed JOBS Turn to Page 2 4 EXTRAS Yesterday Salinas Californian Extras (four of them) sold like hot cakes on the streets yesterday, final extra being that with the glaring red headline WAR IS OVER.

Print paper saved from previous quotas for the big day came in handy and permitted publication of many thousands of copies. The circulation included far reaches of the county. The Californian's final extra, WAR IS OVER" commanded top place on all news stands for several hours before any other newspapers arrived here. Persons wanting copies of these editions as souvenirs may be able to obtain same by phoning 6451 to reserve. Many of the men began to talk of home, food and water, Haynes said.

They were babbling of going to the galley for coffee, or swimming over to that island where there is a beautiful native girl, Seabees and tomato Then they began sxvimming toward the island that wasnt there. Twenty-five of them drowned. Tou could hear their Taxings growing fainter and then and oils, butter, sugar, shoes, tires and other commodities will continue indefinitely, OPA said, until military cutbacks and increased production can balance civilian supply and demand. Price Administrator Chester Bowles said that right now it's impossible to say just when all civilian buying restrictions can be ended forever. It certainly cant come too soon as far as we are concerned, Bowles said.

You can he sure that these items will go off the list the minute we hear that supplies are anywhere near big emAig Fill er Up! With the lid off gasoline purchases, motorists may now shout fill 'er up! to filling station operators for the first time since rationing started on May 15, 1942. The lifting of rationing on gasoline and fuel oil was made possible by tremendous cutbacks of military purchases. Reconversion Director John W. Snyder revealed earlier today that with the end of the war, the military will require 44 per cent less gasoline, and the army-navy petroleum board had announced it will reduce its fuel oil and gasoline supplies for the armed forces by about 565,000,000 gallons a month. The petroleum industry now Is operating at an all-time record rate.

Not only will civilians get more gasoline, but the quality will return soon to peacetime standards with the cutback of military requirements for aviation fuel. Blue Stamps lifted Removal of blue-stamp canned fruits and vegetables from the ration list was made possible by good crop prospects as well as by military cutbacks. To keep these programs operating, Bowles asked members of the nation's 5,500 local rationing boards to stay on their jobs for the present. We will continue to need their help at least until meat, tire and shoe rationing can be eliminated, he said. Petain Is on Prison Island PARIS (TP) Marsh Henri Philippe Petain was reported en route to a Mediterranean island prison today to await the word from Gen.

Charles de Gaulle that will send him to death or life imprisonment as a traitor to France. It was understood he had been placed aboard a special plane that took off from a Paris airfield for lie Ste. Marguerite, near the Riviera playground of Cannes. There the aged Petain probably will end his days in solitary confinement, if as expected, De Gaulle commutes his death War Minister Takes Oirii Life SAN FRANCISCO (TO The Japanese cabinet resigned today and one member already has committed hara-kiri in the first of what may become a wave of suicides among Japan's beaten war lords. The official Japanese Domel news agency said War Minister Gen.

Korechika Anami, 58, took his life at his official resident to "atone for his failure in accomplishing his duties as his majesty's minister. Domei said Premier Karfiaro Suzuki tendered the res.gnatinn of his cabinet at 3:20 p. m. Tokyo time (2:20 a. EWT) because of the new situation created by Japanese acceptance of the Potsdam declaration.

and start over. Many states had proclaimed holidays anyway. This considerably confused siuation resulted from what the White House frankly admitted at mid-day was an error and an inconsistency on its part. The whole premium pay business was intended and will apply only for V-J day, when it is proclaimed to mark the end of hostilities. So that's the way It will be legally.

But the nation, wiih some exceptions, went right on holidaying. Lt, Gov. Houser Proclaims Legal Holiday in State LOS ANGELES (TO Acting Gov. Frederick F. Houser proclaimed today a legal state holiday, declaring this day can be the greatest day In all our history or it can merely mean the end of another world conflict.

State offices were closed today. Lt. Gov. Houser issued the proclamation marking the Jap surrender in the absence of Gov. Earl Warren, who is in Washington to attend a governors conference.

hour victory holiday pace, with statements that: I. Excused all government employes in Washington and throughout the country from work today and tomorrow, except for skeleton forces of key workers. 2. Provided that private industry employes working on government orders shall be paid time and a half if they have to work today or tomorrow. Capt.

Charles Butler MeVav III, Washington, D. commander of the Indianapolis, said the cruiser was torpedoed at 12:15 a.m. July 30. In a matter of minutes the Indianapolis took on a 90-degree list and sank by the bow, carrying 700 of her crew to the bottom. The first shock of the torpedo hurled men from their bunks, Lt.

Cmdr. Lewis L. Haynes, Fairfield, said. nounce that Japan xvill sign on her home soil or in territorial waters perhaps Tokyo Bay. Radio Tokyo announced resignation of Premier Kantaro Suzuki war cabinet shortly before Mac-Arthur'a order xvas dispatched.

Suzuki'a war minister already was a suicide. Cease Offensix'e American forces were ordered to cease offensive action last night, Tokyo broadcast to Japanese troops at midnight EWT (I p.m., Wednesday Japanese time) the announcement of agreement to surrender. MacArthur's message also directed the Japanese immediately to cease hostilities. But Adm. Chester W.

Nimltz announced that Japanese planes attacked the U. S. Third Fleet after a.m., Wednesday, EWT. Five were shot down. It was not immediately clear whether the attacks were continuing.

Nimitz asked MacArthur to tell the Japs that we will shoot dowrn any planes approaching our fleet. Message to Hirohito MacArthur previously had radioed Emperor Hirohito to arrange to end the fighting at the earliest practicable date." His message went to the imperial Japanese government and to Japanese imperial headquarters as well as to Hirohito. The victors at home already were on a two-day holiday binge and celebration of the peace a peace beyond which lie the gravest conceivable dangers of reconstruction. But at long last there is peace in our time. Italy, Germany and Japan were beaten.

The Axis is dead. President Truman announced Japan's agreement to unconditional surrender last night at 7 oclock EWT. There arose from the vast homelands of those xvho love democracy a shout heard 'round the world. Emperor Now Puppet With the consent of the Allies, Truman named MacArthur supreme commander for the Allied powers. MacArthur, who fled in the night from Ccrregidor, will receive the surrerder.

He will command the forces which occupy designated areas in Japan. He will tell the Japanese emperor what to do and say. Hirohito, a puppet now, was on the air four hours after Japans agreement to surrender xvas announced, He told his people the xx ar xxas oxer, and why. He and his premier said that our atomic bomb had blasted them to defeat. Before that, Hirohito and his advisers had detected a trend.

Hirohitos radio address, first ever made by a Japanese em peror, also was his last as a free agent. MacArthur takes over now. I thank God, said the General in Manila when Informed that the war was over. I shall at once take steps to stop hostilities and further bloodshed. No Cease Firing" Yet Allied forces throughout the Pa cific and Far East will be directed to cease hostilities only after the enemy has complied with similar orders, MacArthur said in a radio message to Tokyo.

Allied forces already have been ordered to cen.se offensive operations, but no formal order to cease all lire has been Issued. PEACE Turn to I age 2 Chiang Asks Communist Settlement CHUNGKING (TO Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek offered to negotiate a settlement of his dispute with the Chinese Communist party today In an apparent bid to ward off a threatened internal crisis. In a surprise peace overture to the Northern Communists, Chiang radioed an urgent appeal to the Red leader, Mao Tse-Tung, to confer personally with him in Chungking. The Generalissimos move caipe on the -heels of a defiant Communist proclamation announcing that the Chinese Communist forces had rejected Chungking's orders forbidding them to take over Japanese-held areas of China. Tokyo Warns O' Warships to Stay Away GUAM (TO Japan sent planet against the U.

S. Third Fleet today as late as eight hours after her surrender was announced and five were shot down. At the sarr.s time, Tokyo warned Allied xvar-ships not to ente- Japanese home waters pending an official Japanese cease fire order. In any event, American antiaircraft gun crews and carrier planes were taking no chances. Adm.

William F. Halsey, commander of the Third Fleet, had radioed his pilots: It looks like the war is over, but if any enemy planes appear, shoot them down In friendly fashion. (A Tokyo radio broadcast, monitored by FCC, admitted that there were reports of Japanese air attacks continuing against the Allies but said imperial headquarters is trying to its best to prexent the recurrence of such incidents. The Tokyo report said "part of the Japanese air force is reported to have made attacks on the Allied bases and fleet in the south. The broadcast again warned Alii forces not to approach Japanese home waters until the armistice is signed.) BULLETINS LONDON (I.P) The Red Army drove forward in Manchuria and Korea tonight, capturing a number of places, under orders of the Soviet general staff to continue offensive operations until the Japanese cease resistance.

WASHINGTON (UP) President Truman today decreed the end of wartime censorship and authorized liquidation of the office headed by Byron Price. WASHINGTON a.PI Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson announced today that the army hopes to discharge 5,000,000 men in the next 12 months, but point score required for discharge will remain at 85 for the present. Othman Looks Over Washington He Has Hangover Like Boom! of An Atomic Bomb BY FREDERICK C. OTHMAV United Press Staff Correspondent WASHINGTON (L Pi Boy, what a hangover! I guess if you placed all the headaches today in America end to end, we'd all blow up like an atomic bomb.

Boom. Worth every ache, too! That's one of the beauties of democracy. The big-wigs said it was not V-J day. They said there would be no celebration until the Japs signed on the dotted line. Nuts, said the citizens with a whoop that echoed around the world.

The brass hats shut their big mouths. There were bonfires on San Francisco's Market street and snake dances on New York's Broadway and a sailor stood on top of one of the capital's streamlined streetcars. As it lurched past the White House, he doffed his cap and drank a toast from a jug he carried in his hand. The people cheered, the cops stood open-mouthed; they knew if they touched that sailor they were taking their lives in their hands. Top Dog Now It's all right to take orders during war time and jump when the general says "frog, but when peace comes to the U.

S. there's no mistaking about who's top dog. Take the guy on Pennsylvania avenue: you know, the big, wide street that congressional speech-makers call the avenue of presidents. He wore the uniform of a first lieutenant and he took off his hat and kicked it down the sidewalk in front of the Willard hotel like a football. Going to court-martial him, generals? You better not try It.

The peace is on, the people have spoken, and at this writing theyre confirming It with kisses on the street. So all right. The idea last night was to throw stuff out the win dow. Telephone books, ticker tape, newspapers, roller towels, feather pillows, anything that wasn't likely to kill your fellow man. The one thing everybody wanted to avoid was killing.

Fare Powder Dumped Upstairs on street was a blonde in the white uniform of one of the capitals toniest beauty parlors. The lady found something to throw: she dumped on the throngs her entire stock of face powder, a five-gallon drum of it. The street smelled of hyacinth from the civil service commission to the treasury department. Peace is here, all right. The boys can sign their papers aboard a battleship later If they want, but V-J Day arrived last night.

And if you'll pardon me now, I'll look for my aspirin bottle. Nude Dancer SAN FRANCISCO (UP) A plump red head danced naked atop the base of San Franciscos Native Sons monument early to-OTHMAN Turn to Page 2 WASHINGTON (LR) The White House discovered today it had made a slight error about this holiday business. For the record, as far as the federal government Is concerned, today and tomorrow arent really holidays at all for anybody except government employ es. Not (hat it made much difference. The two-day victory holiday, keyed on President Truman's announcement last night, was in full swing, and it was a little late now to go back Most of U.

S. Will Be Off For Two Days WASHINGTON (TO A lot of the U. S. A. Is taking a couple of day off.

It's not strictly a legal holiday, but nobody is bothering much with technicalities. Stock exchanges, department stores, all government offices, many war plants' and most of the nation's business offices are tightly closed for today. Many of them will remain shut tomorrow, reopening Friday morning. Postmaster General Robert E. Hannegan gave mailmen a break too.

Postal service ir. he field was put on a holiday basis today and tomorrow one delivery a day. Employes working on August 15 and 16 were notified that they would be given compensatory time within the next 30 days, and service on rural delivery routes was suspended until Friday. President Truman set the 48- The cruiser was sunk shortly after delivering essential atomic bomb material to Guam. Survivors said they watched some 200 of their shipmates perish after fixe days of helpless threshing in the sea.

Many of the men went mad from drinking sea water before the group xx as sighted by search planes 280 miles north of Pel-ell u. LOSS OF CRUISER IS ONE OF WORST SEA DISASTERS GUAM (C.Pi Two tremendous torpedo explosions sank the heavy cruiser Indianapolis July SO and caused 1,196 casualties very man aboard ship-while she was bound from Guam to Leyte, survivors reported today. The navy announced that 880 of the casualties were killed or missing in 'one of the worst U. S. naval disasters of war or peacetime history.

The other 816 casualties were wounded. 1.