Santa Cruz Sentinel from Santa Cruz, California • Page 4

PAGE FOUR SANTA CRUZ SANTA CRUZ. CALIFORNIA Sunday, January 8, 1939 Congr The WORLD Last WEEK Prepared by (he Associated Press for The Santa Cruz Sentinel Conflicts Continue i i HALF a century ago, a U. S. diplomat thought up the phrase "open door" to describe the principle of equal trade privileges in China for all outsiders. In 1922 the idea was put down on paper in a series of treaties signed by the U.

Japan and seven other Cartoon Comment On Congress At Home Murphy For Cummings Though born in a log cabin, Abroad Counter-Demonstration In Rome, where Fascists recently have demonstrated their hankering for some Mediterranean territories that belong to France, the French ambassador made a New Year's Eve speech: "France will not buy respose at any price. She will defend her property. In Paris, that night. Premier Da-ladier rammed his munitions-bulged 1939 budget through the French Senate. Next day, assured the budget would pass the Chamber of Deputies also, gruff M.

Da-ladier set off to inspect some of the territories mentioned by the ambitious Italians. His first stop was Corsica, the Mediterranean island where Napoleon was born. As warplanes circled overhead and a convoy of warships lay at anchor in Ajaccio harbor, Daladier boasted: "France must be strong. She is, and that is what I have come to tell you." And the Corsicans replied: "Mussolini to the scaffold!" Tunisians welcomed their premier, next day, with equally en Seilel in Richmond Titties-Dispatch 'Cactus Jack Rides Again' Ray in Kansas City Mar 'The Strong, Silent Man' Picture Reports On Foreign Affairs Frank Murohv lost his race for re- election as Michigan's governor last November. This week, on the same day his successor (Republican Frank FitzgeralJ) was inaugurated Murphy wps sworn into President Roosevelt's cabinet as attorney eeneral.

He succeeds Homer Cummings, who retired Jan. 1 to private law practice in Connecli cut. Murphy got into politics as a stump speaker for Woodrow Wilson in 1912. After service with the Ah. he returned to Detroit as a federal prosecutor of war graft cases.

Soon he became a city judge, then miyor. President Roosevelt sent him to the Philippines in 1933 as governor general, but he was back to cam paign successfully for governor in 1 936 as an apostle of the New Deal. His critics, including witnesses before tWe Dies committee on un-Americanism, say he was lax about enforcing the law against sit-downers in the 1937 Michigan auto strikes. His admirers, including Mr. Roosevelt, say Murphy deserves a big hand for having restored labor peace without bloodshed.

A red-haired Irish bachelor of 45, he likes to ride and box and denies he wears dazzling pajamas. Problem XX In time of war, U. S. naval tacticians regard defense of the Panama Canal one of their most pressing duties. They call it Problem 20 or XX.

The 1939 naval war games, which began th.s week, center around that problem. One hundred and sixty ships, 600 airplanes and 64,000 officers and men are converging on the Carribean for maneuvers which will last 10 weeks. New types of naval craft, launched during the past year, will be put to rigid tests. Signals Off About a year ago, NLRB directed Ford Motor Co. to rehire 29 men and to stop interfering with the self-organization of its workers.

Then, last April, the board sought to withdraw the order for revision. Ford attorneys, confident the courts wouldn't uphold the original order, tried to block its withdrawal. But the Supreme Court, this week, ruled that NLRB could back up for a new start. People Derelict's Death Legend says that aged elephants, knowing they are about to die, leave their herd and go to a secret place. Eben True Aldrich.

wealthy Massa chusetts mental specialist, did likewise. Knowing he soon would die of cancer, Dr. Aldrich disappeared in 1 934, turned up as "James Harrigan," a derelict pauper, in New York's Cancer Institute. He died within a year, but his story came out only recently when detectives found that keys Aldrich left at a New York bank fitted bags "Harrigan" left at a Bowery hotel. Jean Val Jean Nineteen years ago, Alexander Ripan was convicted on circumstantial evidence of murdering a neighbor at Saginaw, Mich.

After serving nine "ears of a life sentence, he broke jail. After running a shoe repair shop in Indiana for seven years, he was recaptured. This week, aftei thrpe more years in prison, he went free. New evidence showed the bullet that killed his neighbor couldn't have been fired from Ripan's gun. Lots Of Liars Sixty-five thousand tellers of tall tales sent their favorites to the Burlington, Liars' Club this year.

Winner of the "diamond-studded medal." announced this week, was Gilbert Boettcher, of Milwaukee. He described a fishing trip: When the boat ran out of fuel, he filled a tank with dogfish, tickled their stomachs till they barked, then threw the bark into the ess Convenes The President shall from time to time five to the Congress information of the state of the Union, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and erpedient. BECAUSE the. Founding Fathers wrote those words into the'U. S.

constitution 152 years ago. Franklin D. Roosevelt made a speech last Wednesday afternoon. Addressing a joint House-Senate meeting of the 76th Congress, on the second day of its first session, he said in part: On foreign affairs "A war which threatened to envelop the world in flames has been averted but it has become increasingly clear that peace is not assured. At the very least, we can and should avoid any action, or any lack of actiou which will encourage, assist or tuild up an aggressor.

Probability of attack is mightily decreased by the assurance of an ever reaay de fense." On domestic affairs "We have now passed the period of internal conflict in the launching of our program of social reform. Our full energies ma- now be released to invigorate the processes of recovery in order to preserve our reforms, and to give every man and woman who wants to work a real job at a living wage. We want to get enough capital and labor at work to give us a national income of at least $80,000,000,000 a year. At that figure the federal revenues will be sufficient to balance the current level of cash expenditures on the basis of the existing tax structure." In general the President's tone was that it's up to Congress to devise the machinery for accomplishing what the country wants or needs. He specifically recommended these items to its consideration: Adjustment of tax inequalities, ways of ending factional labor strife and employer-employe disputes, governmental reorganization, perfection of the federal farm program, railroad relief, extension of social security and revision of the neutrality laws.

And he promised a special message next week on national defense. Grist For The Mill The new Congress, in its first three days, received three other communications that made headlines almost as tall and black as the President's "state of the Union" message: 1. A House committee headed by Rep. Martin Dies, of Texas, after a five-months inquiry into un-American ism, reported Tuesday: "We are convinced that a large part of the espionage and un-American activities and propaganda carried on in this country can be directly raced to the failure of the Labor Department to enforce the deportation laws of the land." 2. A Senate committee headed by Sen.

Morris Sheppard, also of Texas, after investigating complaints of unfair electioneering in the primary and November n-paigns, reported tie same day: "The committee believes that funds appropriated by the Congress for the relief of those in need and distress have been in many instances diverted from these high purposes to political ends." 3. Mr. Roosevelt, in his budget message Thursday, called for of federal spending (plus $100,000,000 for debt retirement) in the fiscal year that begins next July 1, as compared with a new forecast of $9,492,329,000 for this year (including $750,000,000 more needed for WPA from Feb. 8 through June 30). Major iio-ns in the 1939-40 budget- $1,609 000 for defense.

SI. 500, 000.000 relief By July 1, 1940, he figu: the national debt would total barely half a billion under the present statutory limit. He advised, however, against "violent contraction'' in spending or "drastic new taxes." Silent John Here's the lineup of the Congress that received those reports, as compared with its predecessor: Senate New Old Old 31" tm'rnit I 'I "t'rM h'l. tits Am i. lit 435 Totl 9 96 To lead their almost-doubled minority in the House, GOP members picked Joseph W.

Martin. 54, a North Attleboro, newspaper publisher. Other topmen in both houses remained unchanged. More important than any of them, it appeared this week, was Vice President John N. Gai ner, of Texas, presiding officer of the Senate.

Observers thjught he might exert a conservative influence on the administration to prevent a split between New Deal and right-wing Democrats. Said "Cactus Jack," after a scries of calls from such administration bigwigs as new Commerce Secretary Hopkins and new Attorney General Murphy: "Well, you see, I've been down in Texas fishing and leading a pure life. My conscience is cle. r. All these people here in Washington want to see what a man with a clear looks like." EUlrrmnn in Washinpton i'vst 'Snowball Season1 major powers.

So, seven years ago this week, when Japan's conquest of M.w-churia threatened to close the door to others in that part of China, the U. S. sent Japan a note reserving American rights there. Japan replied, in effect, by establishing the Nipponese puppet-state of Man-choukuo which the U. S.

never has recognized. Reply Rejected Now, as Japan's conquest of China proper is closing the door there to non-Japanese trade, the U. S. again is demanding that the Japanese respect American trade privileges in the conquered regions. To a U.

S. protest of last Oct. 6, Japan replied on Nov. 18 that "the principles of the past" cannot be applied to "the new situation" in the Far East. That reply was rejected, last weekend, in another U.

S. note, which stated: "The people and the government of the United States cannot assent to the abrogation of any of this country' rights or obligations by the arbitrary action of agents or authorities of any other country." At The Front On the Far East military front, this week, Lieut. Gen. Otozo Ya-mada replaced Gen. Shunrokuo Hata as commander of the Japanese forces.

Foreign observers thought that meant a change in Nippon's cy'v1; asiSm: The shading on this map shows the fourth of China brought under nominal Japanese control since the war started 18 months ago. tactics. Yamada main job, they predicted, would be to mop up guerrilla resistance and pacify partially conquered regions behind the far-flung front lines established by Hata. Home Fires At home, meanwhile, Japan celebrated the 18-month "anniversary" of the war with a cabinet shake-up. Prince Fumimaro Konoye, 47, self-styled liberal" head of the government since June 4, 1937, was forced out by fascist-minded elements demanding a single political party for Japan, more rigid government control of the nation's economic life and greater sacrifices for the boyg in China.

Chosen to head a new government was Baron Kiichiro Hiranuma, 73, leader of a party "which includes all the advantages of nationalism, fascism and communism." Simultaneously, reports from Chungking, China's provisional capital 'way out west, spiked rumors that Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek might soon sue for peace. While in Spain, this week: Gen. Franco continued his push, begun two days before Christmas, toward Barcelona. In the first 10 days of the drive, his Insurgent officert claimed 675 square miles of territory and 40 towns a slight exaggeration, neutral observers found. 200 Minnows The Treaty of Versailles limited Germany's navy to three dozen light surface warcraft.

Submarine building was rerboten. But Britain, in 1935, gave Germany permission to build up to 35 of the British fighting tonnage in surface craft and up to 45 of the British submarine strength. And an "escape clause" gave Germany the further right after "friendly discussion" to build up to 100 of John Bull's undersea strength. Now, after "most friendly" discussions between British and Nazi navy men, Adolf Hitler's government has notified London of its intention to more than double German U-boat strength. Experts figure the Nrzis will build mostly quick-darting.

250-ton "minnows'' perhaps 200 of them that can be put together speedily and cheaply. (Vupp ight, ip eatur, S(, jre Notes On The New Year thusiastic demonstrators. Even Italian merchants had decorated their store fronts with French flags and bunting, and Arabs considered the fine weathei a good omen. After inspecting desert defenses and colonial troops, Daladier reported: "Tunisia is safe." Refugee Relief? To a world worried over what to do about Europe's racial and religious pogroms, the new year's first week brought these developments: 1. Three Pennsylvania Quakers, home from Berlin, said the Nazi government had promised its "fullest cooperation" in their plan to provide immediate relief for non-Aryans in Germany and to speed the emigration of Jewish family heads.

2. Montagu Norman, "silent giant" of British finance, went to Berlin to see his friend Hjalmar Schacht, reichsbank president, about getting Jews out of Germany and about preventing an Anglo-German trade war. 3. President Roosevelt, through the U. S.

ambassador to Rome, sent Benito Mussolini a message (contents secret) on the Semitic question and possible solutions. Cat Fight The Shah of Iran (Persia) closed his U. S. legation three years ago after his minister here was arrested for speeding. And now he's broken oil diplomatic relations with France because of a newspaper pun.

The French word for cat (chat), it seems, sounds like "Shah" when pronounced by translators who read French newspapers to him. So he didn't like this Paris head line on a report of the annual cat show: "His Majesty The Cat Receives In His Drawing Room." To soothe tho Shah's ruffled dignity, France may send him an official translator. Science Election Results Scientists and educators closed their various annual get-togethers last weekend by naming, among others: Walter B. Cannon, of Harvard, as president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science; Dr. E.

H. Sutherland, of Indiana University, as president of the American Sociological Society; Prof. Charles Grove Haines, of U.C.L. as president of the American Political Science Association; William S. Ferguson, of Harvard, as president of the American Historical Association.

Midget Giant In using X-rays to treat cancer, doctors find that high-voltage rays burn the skin less than slower ones. But 1.000,000-volt X-ray machines have been too big (some early ones were 65 feet high) for handy installation in hospitals. Now, by applying a new princi ple, General Electric engineers have developed a tube that (1) stands less than five feet high, (2) gives off a ray equal to that of $90,000,000 worth of radium, (3) may prove effective against types of cancet not previously reached. Quiz If you read "The World This Week," you should know the answers to these questions: 1. What and where is Djibouti? 2.

Who is the youngest member of the 76th Congress? 3. Who fought whom in 1938's four wars? 4. Who is Marriner S. Eccles? "Ellie" Roosevelt? 5. AAA is spending more money this fiscal year than WPA.

True or false? Each question counts 20. each half of two-part question 10: a score of 60 is fair. 80 good. You ran find the answers in the text of last week's page. Summaries Surmises The passing of 1938 and the advent of 1939 tilled newspapers this week with history and prophecy: TVA forecast a $300,000 profit on its power, navigation and flood control operations for the fiscal year that ends next June 30.

as compared with a deficit of SI, 155.000 on power alone last year. Administration leaders, noting a 2 nsp in farm prices during December while prices of non-farm goods and services continued to decline, predicted improved farm purchasing power in 1039. U. S. airline operators reported a 15 pickup in passenger miles flown in 1938.

as compared with 1937. and an 80.9';, belter safety record one passenger fatality per 19.140,000 revenue passenger-miles. Alaska (which the U. S. bought from Russia for $7,000,000 in 1S80) produced $27,036,000 worth of gold, platinum, silver, copper, last year, the Bureau of Mines estimated.

WPA researchers warned of a surplus of young people in U. S. rural areas by 1940. The Automobile Manufacturers' Association, noting a "rapid rise" in car buying during the fall of 1938. guessed ltli!) auto production at 33rr over last year's.

The Association of American Railroads foresaw 9.9 improvement in freight carloadings during the 1936 1937 1938 Duffy it' Haltimorc Sun Under The Closed Door' Upcoming Monday, Jan. 9 48 navy bombers take off from San Diego, on flight to West Indies via Panama Canal. Tuesday, Jan. 10 Vice President's dinner, White House. International wheat advisory council meets, London.

Department of Agriculture's general crop report due. Wednesday. Jan. 11 British Prime Minister Chamberlain and Foreign Secretary Halifax visit Rome. GOP leaders meet with Independent Citizens League, Washington.

Thursday, Jan. 12 Congressional reception, White Koine. nnniversary of opening of Versailles peace conference. In Short Captured: One of five insane criminals who escaped New Year's Day from a state hospital at Lima, Ohio. Continued: The government's price of 64.64 cents an ounce for newly mined domestic silver, by presidential proclamation.

Retired: Rear Admiral Wat Clu-verius, last survivor of the sinking of the U. S. battleship Maine in Havana harbor 41 years ago. Indicted: William P. Buckncr, by a federal grand jury in New York, on charges of mail fraud in the promotion of Philippine railway bonds.

Pleaded guilty: Mrs. Elma M. Lauer, wife of a New York supreme court justice, to charges of conspiring to smuggle Paris finery into the U. S. Married: Major Gen.

James G. Harbord, AEF chief of stair and RCA chairman, and Mrs. Anne Lee Brown, daughter of Confederate Gen. Fitzhugh Lee. Died: Frank T.

Johnson, painter; Roman Dmowski, ex-Polish foreign minister; Blanch i Baretta Worrs, oid-time French actress; Eugene V. Brewster, movie-magazine pub lisher; Alexander Cardinal Kakow-ski. of Poland Harold Jacobi, distillery executive; Frank W.ight, composer and organist; Isidor Lewi, ex-press agent for Mark Twain; Fred Grayson Sayre, painter; Dr. Hollis E. Dann, music teacher and writer.

'Slipped next three months as compared with the first quarter of 1938. Chicago police records showed 13 gang-style slavings of underworld figures in the most in any year since the prohibition era. And in Two Rivers. Joe Ott examined the layers of a sliced cnion and announced that 1939 would be a Act year. Auf Wiedersehen! Nazi bigwigs, who soft-pedaled Christmas as a non-Teutonic occasion, pulled out all the stops in their farewell salutes to the year that added 10,000,000 Austrian and Sudeten German? to the Reich.

"The year of the richest harvest in our history," Reichsfuehrer Hitler called it, adding: "We have only one wish that we may succeed also in the coming year to contribute to the general appeasement of the world." "A year which sticks out above the centuries like a granite obelisk," echoed Field Marshal Goering, adding: "Nineteen thirty-nine too will be a year of hard work." "A beautiful year, crowned with victory and huccess," chimed in Propaganda Minister Goebbels, adding ominously: "Hardly is one historical problem solved until another is waiting for us." To The Victor Republicans harvested 100,000 political plums this week as a re-suit of ousting 15 Democratic state administrations in the November elections, the Civil Service Reform League estimated, while Democrats reaped 10.000 jobs as their reward for upsetting Republican regimes in two states. An exception to the spoils system was reported from Nogales, where Mrs. Mary Bettwy, Democratic recorder-elect, appointed her Republican opponent in November, Mrs. Ada Jones, as deputy recorder. Casualties Death took no holiday over the three-day New Year's weekend: Auto crashes killed 200 Americans.

Fires, drownings, murders, suicides, hunting accidents, asphyxiations, airplane crackups, claimed over 100 more. Twenty-six killed themselves in New York City. Five, including a mother and her three children, perished in a hotel fire at Rumford, Me. One coal miner died but 19 others were rescued from a bu.ning mine at Clinton, Ini. Six Years Of Unemployment And Relief MILLIONS 1 1 1 16 1933 1934 193S i i In this chart, based on estimates by the Committee on Economic Security, the top line shows U.

S. unemployment in millions since just before the advent of the New Deal. The, next line indicates the total number of families and single persons receiving relief from federal, state and local agencies. The lower line, beginning in 1935, shows WPA's share of the totil rci.cl lo-d. Relief heads the agenda for the new Congress..