The Wisconsin Jewish Chronicle from Milwaukee, Wisconsin • Page 1

Wisconsin Stite Historical Library, Uaiison, A'is. ISCOffilft WISH roflicie SI If AWeeldy for the JewisliSmo Vol. 58 -No. 5 Entered a tecofid ela matter on January 13. 1932.

the past office of Milwaukee. WU under the Act of March 3. 1879. MILWAUKEE, OCTOBER 4, 1946 Per Year 4. Wliatl Think of the Nuremberg Verdict Viewpoint of an Eyewitness at the'Trial New British Proposal May Lead to Agency's Joining London Parley Nuremberg Tribunal Cites Nazi Inhumanity to Jews in Verdict Historic Statement by War Crimes Court Reviews Criminal Acts Which Resulted in Extermination I.

By Joseph (As Told to B. In this interview Joseph Michel, who watched the Nuremberg proceedings for six months, gives his personal impressions of the important trial. Mr. Michel, who was a lawyer in- Germany before coming to Milwaukee in 1937, assisted in preparing the case against Arthur Seyss-Inquart. Hjs work entailed examining and analyzing German documents, preparing trial briefs and questioning witnesses.

Informal Talks Between Representatives of Jewish Agency and the English Government Under Way; Outcome Seen Promising i i i ii i i London (JrA) Informal talks between represcnta- tives of the IJritish government and members of the Jewish I Agency executive began here orf Tuesday at the Colonial; Because Mr. Michel is legally qualified to discuss the trial and because he presents the viewpoint of a Jewish refugee who had the rare opportunity of helping to prepare the case against his oppres-' sors Chronicle believes i this statement i of wide local interest. of Jews of Europe A. Nuremberg (JTA) In announcing the' verdict of guilty against the 21 top Nazi defendants here, the International War Crimes tribunal cited "the consistent and systematic inhumanity on the greatest scale" carried on lv the Nazis against the Jewish people, resulting in the extermination of (UHIO.OOO Jews. "From the earliest days of the Nazi parly, anti-Semitism occupied a prominent place in National Socialist thought and propaganda," the tribunal asserted.

Reviewing the l-je What is the significance of; the trial? At the moment the interest of, the public is Might in the fate I nf thf rlpfonHuntc What' ic mnro An official government announcement said that Foreign Secretary Ernest Hevin and Colonial Secretary George Hall, representing the British, met with Agency leaders, including Dr. Chaim Weizmann, Prof. Selig Hrodetsky, l)r Nahum (loldmann, Herl Locker, Rabbi J. L. Fishman and Eliezer Kaplan.

A preliminary exchange of views took place at the important is that principles andijority of the judges restricted 'precedents were established by a themselves too much by technical the Jews, it called attention JDC Rushes Hugfi uiuunui wiiim was set up or aii least approved by all the civilized i nations of the world. These prin- i ciples will be incorporated into international law and enforced by the United Nations. Thus the nrinrinle was pstah- lished that aggressive war is a crime for which statesmen may be prosecuted. This is significant in the preservation of peace in the future. Another important issue is that inhuman acts committed against the civilian population in peace or war based on racial or religious grounds are branded as "crimes against humanity." Not only in dividual hut fmtirp organisations' se rules.

The benefit of this new prtncple te Jews is' ogvlou, What do you think about the acquittal of Schacht and von 1 Papen? 'Those two were the renre- i sentatives of big industry and fi-! nance and they both carry a big i Michel Tousman) Nazis, especially in the decisive Period of acquiring full power over Germany. nrcrma11r ihinb- h-ii ruies 01 evidence. ana ine aecision of acquittal came as a surprise to most of us who watched the trial. Probably the fact that Schacht left the Nazi bandwagon in 1937 saved his neck. All of us at Nuremberg noticed his strong mental Pwers and we feel that he was foresighted enough to see the final outcome of the Nazi adventures, However, 1 feel that he is es- sentially an opportunist and he would have stayed on with the Nazis if he thought they could get away wun ineir crimes.

1 believe a criminal who quits his crimin- ality after the damage is done is still guiuy. knll. CV.nnU .1 iceaiu uuui oiiiuim unu vun nrraUy gUiUy not Suilty. fiT stretcher and Rosenberg senten- ces In Rosenberg I saw the "DhilosoDhical" anti-Semite, who even tried during the trial to justify his theories by references U. S.

Zone Has 139,026 Displaced Jews Frankfurt (JTA) Army authorities announced that the latest count showed 139,026 displaced Jews in the American occupation zone of Germany. Abraham Cohen, JDC area director, reported that some of these Jewish DP's have been contributing food and clothing from their own meager supplies to refugee in two ieni cuy camps, locaieu ai Landshut and Cham. Cohen said both camps were administered mostly by DP's, plus a few JDC workers, Army clerks and medical officers. He declared that parents with children less than one year old are given a priority for transfer to a permanent camp ps soon as possible. H.

M. Seidelman was again desig- naiea as general cnairman. ine L-onierence was ciosea wun i a mass meeting at Temple Emanu- El B'ne Jeshurun, where close to 1,000 people attended. Mrs. Archibald Silverman most experiences at displaced persons camps in Europe, particularly in Sweden.

She told of her expe- nences in Palestine, wnere sne 1 i i i of activity carried- on against Arabs Submit Plan for Independent Palestine Stale Proposals Provide for rermaneni minority of Jewish Populace icu lom rrpaiinn v- of an independent Arab state to be governed by a. parliament elected 18 was proposed for Palestine in the plan submitted to the London conference by the Arab represent- atives, according to the text pub- lished in the local Arab press. All Jewish immigration would be elections for a constituent assem- bly of 60. This assembly would vote on a constitution to be sub mitted by the interim government All males over 18 who had been residem in. the country lor at least ten yeurs would be eligible to vote for members or the assembly.

Set Date for Taking Office After the assembly had adopted the draft constitution, elections would be held for a Palestine Parliament, which would elect a head of the state, to take office no later Ihn Dornrnhpr .11. 1948. Prior to the establishment of the Parlia- I lit. II II IU CACLUUV puvrviD be in the hands of the interim gov ernment, with the High Commissioner reserving the right of veto. Hebrew would be the second official language of the country and the Jewish community would be allowed to preserve its own net work of sthools, provided that the education "not be poisonous." (Quoting highly-placed Arab sources, the Associaiea iress re oorted from Jerusalem that an responsibility for establishing the to American and British writings.

1 Since you worked on the stopped and the present land re-Nazi regime. They gave early help Streicher, on the other hand, Seyss-Inquart case, how do you strictions would remain in force, to the Nazi party, offering it in- appealed to the masses with slan- feel about his conviction? The Arab proposals provide for dustrial and financial support der and obscene pictures in his Unquestionably he was guil- a British-appointed interim gov-without which the Germans could newspaper, The Stuermer. ty and deserved his sentence and ernment composed of seven Arabs never have been able to wage ag- 1 It is highly significant from a I take a bit of modest pride in and three Jews, which would hold first meeting, which was brief and adjourned so that both sides could give further consideration to the opinions expressed. Agency circles emphasized that the members who are participating in the consultations do not constitute the delegation which the Agency may send to the conference on Palestine, if the negotiations are successful. That delegation, they said, will be much larger and will include members of the Agency from the United States and elsewhere.

The Government, in an official statement, announced that "there is no chanee" in its attitude re- I garding the Jewish representation at the conference on Palestine which is now taking place at Lan- 1 caster House. 1 I Fresh Approach Cited "A fresh approach," the state- ment said, "was made last week I in order to stress the fact that time I is now-short, and as the Arabs had fullysAed their case, which is now under consideration, a final decision as to whether to attend the conference should be made by the Jewish Agency, if they were to avoid their case going by default." The statement then revealed that acting on this approach, the Jewish Agency proposed that "certain Jews in Palestine, not detained, should be brought to London to consult Dr. Weizmann. To this the Colonial Secretary readily agreed and instructions were issued to the Palestine High Commissioner to facilitate their speedy passage to England." The influential London Economist said that the Government will have to impose its own solution of the Palestine problem on bjoth the Jews and Arabs, It declared that the prospects for a solution in Palestine "are as black as ever." Weizmann Threatened to Resign Jewish circles here report that Dr. Chaim Weizmann raised the possibility of his resignation, in a discussion held between the Zion-! ist leader and Colonial Secretary George Hall that the way for the resumption of informal negotiations.

They pointed out that Dr. Weiz- mann told Hall that since he was caught between the seemingly un compromising stands of the Jew ish Agency leaders Palestine th Rrltich fWrnmnt. his first impulse was to resign. How-1 i 4 1-9 JOSEPH MICHEL In his uniform as an American investigator at the trial. ond question and every witness at Nuremberg described him as a "schweinehund" (dirtv dog).

Sev- eral of my colleagues were of the belief that the court would not ap-r ply the highest possible punish-; ment, since his activities were only directed against Jews. The fact lhat he was sentenced to death indicates that international opimun sees in me Miiu-oeniiiu: in Germany a crime of the worst character JJ? indictment conspiracy, crimes against peace, war crimes and crime's against humanity. Rosen- horo's nnti-Spmiiim thoi fnre. was only one phase of his crim- inality. Check Anti-Jewish Provocations in Two Polish Towns Policemen and Soviet Soldiers Prevent Imminent Outbreaks Warsaw (JTA) An effort to provoke anti-Jewish disturb-i ances by placing the body of a Christian child in the courtyard of a Jewish house was recently uncovered in the town of Lignic, the seat of Soviet Marshall Roko-j sowski's headquarters, presence of So-i viet military headquarters, the 1,000 Jewish residents of Lignic felt more secure than most Jews jn p0jarH.

However, when the dead cmi(J was found and anti Semitic agitators started to spread a mmnr thut the Jews had mur- dered him, the entire Jewish popu- lation became panic-stricken. i units oi lAJijieincii ouu Soviet soldiers were -immediately Units of Polish policemen and stationed in the streets to sup i press any anti-Jewish outbreaks, while a medical investigation was ordered. The investigation estaD causes and was carried to tne owr noerom. via-a Kidnapped a similar provocation is also reported from the town of Mied- I 1 I gressive war. Jewish viewpoint that Streicher knowing that I helped him to the The guilt of these men from the I was convicted solely of "crimes gallows.

In the first place, he sold strict criminal angle may be over- against humanity." His activities i Austria to the Nazis. I found evi-shadowed by the deeds of a Goer- were limited to his Gau (province) dence to show that as far back as ing, Saukel, Rosenberg, etc. Nev-; and his furious anti-Semitic ac- 1918 he founded a fccret anli-ertheless, they were closely asso- tions. Semitic organization in Austria ciated with the leadership of the The guilt of Streicher was bey- (Continued on I'hk II) State Conference of JNF Launches Annual Project H. M.

Seidelman Again to Head Endeavor as General Chairman At a State-wide Conference held Sunday, September 29, at the Milwaukee Jewish Center, it was iinanimouslv voted to launch the traditional annual Jewish National Fund project for the year 1946. I The last project which was known as the "Kol Adamah" din-. ner was held in May, 1945. This spring, the Jewish National Fund project was aeierreu uue iu u.c ritv-wide Wplfnrp Fund drive held at that time. The officers of the various Zion- ist groups also pledged coopera tion in all JNF endeavors.

The Conference adopted the following resolutions: to business boycotts, the elimination of Jews fnom various professions, deprivation of citizen by, the Nuremberg laws, confiscation of property, and constant beatings and terrorism culminat-' ing in mass extermination in concentration camps. The court specifically mentioned massacres in villages of Eastern Europe, including Knvnow and Dubno, and qutffifd the commandant of the death camp at Auschwitz as admitting the extermination of 3,000,000 between May, 1940, and December, 1943. "A Thousand Years Will Pass" Listing the cruel tortures and inhuman experiments at the con centration camps, the tribunal referred to the statement by Hans Frank, Nazi gauleiter in Poland wherein he said, referring to the Nazi anti-Semitic persecution, "A thousand years will pass, and this guilt of Germany will still not erased." By ruling that certain organizations such as the Nazi SS and the Security Corps were guilty, the court was seen preparing the way for punishing the key groups that carried out anti-Semitic acts. The anti-Jewish policy was i traced from the issue of the Nazi i party program down to the con elusion of the war. The legislation which was passed in the early days of the Nazi regime was re- viewed in detail, The commandant of the concentration camp at Auschwitz (Oswiecim) told of the killings in these words: "It took from 3 to 15 minutes to kill people in the death chamber, depending upon the climntic conditions.

We knew when the i- i IL' ll waited about half un hour before we opened the doors and the bodies. After the bodies were removed our special commandos took off the rings and extracted the gold from the teeth of the corpses." Record Tells of Cruellies Part of the record reuds as follows: "Beating, starvation, torture nd killing were general in the 250 to 28 centigrade. when they died immediately. Other experiments included high-altitude experiments in pressure rhamber. experiments with pois contagious diseases and experiments dealing with the steriliza- tuin iif mpn and women DV A-rayl Dy "The hair-of the women victims Was cut off before they were killed to be used in the production 0f mattresses.

The clothes, money and valuables were sent to the appropriate agencies for disposi- tion. he gold teeth ana lunng. were taken from the heads of the corpses and sent bank. After cremation the ashes were used for fertilizer and in some instances attempts were made to utilize the fat from the bodies of the victims in the commercial rnanufacture of soap. "Adolf Elchmann, who had been put in charge of the program to exterminate tne jews, nas eu-i mated that the policy pursued re-I suited in the killing of 6,000.000 of whom 4.000.000 were killed in the concentration camps and 2,000,000 were killed by the Einsatz Groups.

inc. Cent: senl twin The Central Jewish committee i announced that It naa messages to President Truman and Gen. McNarney on tho uniAav. thank- tn svmnathetic treat- menunn oi me mvi Government ican uovernmeni nus (inivm Jews in tne u. S.

zone and is helping the Jews to re- habilitate themselves. A New Year with that the dis- ernment director in Havana, in a I nonoay meme (iirm Philip Auerbach. heaii of the Citi- missuriat for the tim of IVtit-ical and Racial IVrts-utii Arab "shadow government" for I were subjected to cruel experl-Palestine had been organized last mrnts week-end at Alexandria, asylum Aueust of 1942 Quantity of Food to European Jews Shipping Additional 25,000,000 Pounds to Ease Acute Shortages Pans (JTA) Dr. Joseph Schwartz, European director of the Joint Distribution Committee, tQld the Jewish Telegraphic Agen- cy that, in order to help combat the ood shortage in Europe, the JDC was rushing 25,000,000 pounds of meat, fish, dairy products, fruit, vegetables and canned goods to European Jews. They have al ready received 26,000,000 pounds of food from the JDC since the beginning of the year.

Including food shipments to all parts of the world, the year's total will be 51,000,000 pounds, costing nearly $9,000,000, already purchased, with a budget of being spent in Europe. "Food distribution is one of the major undertakings, of the JDC seeking to assist the Jewish survivors of Europe in regaining their health. The food we distributed reached more than 500,000 men, women and children in 13 countries, saving them from starvation," Dr. Schwartz declared. Use Surplus Army Stocks Most of the food comes from the United States, Canada, South America, South Africa, Switzerland, Sweden and Denmark.

About 16,000,000 pounds of food, equal- ling 22,000,000,000 calories, were recently obtained in one gigantic nrrlir rnstinff more than 000. Huge quantities of food were obtained from surplus United States Army stocks which recently turned over 3,500,000 pounds of canned fruit to the JDC. The fruit is now on the way to Germany, Austria, Poland and Hungary. Those countries, as well as France, are key centers of JDC distributions. Germany received i more than 3,500 tons of food, which has already been given out; Poland.

2.500 tons: Hungary, France, and Austria, 1,100 i mnnthc i ".7, U1 De lne maj0r recipient, gei 0.n r.rmnv ed and rushed to displaced per- sons camps in the American zone or uermany. oince xne ursi oi me "I hold myself ready to render whatever service I may be called upon to do and to continue to en- list the interest of my friends in the numoses of the Einstein Foun- i tho ilege of having had some part in the development 6f the idea of a Jowkh-snnnsnrpH nnn-ouflta uni iiri iiiiii. a. din i a li i i-iA iui hue iu- Jewish-sponsored non-quota uni versity as a contribution to Ameri- can hieher education paralleling the contributions made by other denominations Dr. Goldstein did not elaborate th HifWAnn of oninion that developed with ProfesRer Einstein in i.i it- 1 1 1 cri triiLca jl vluiivii iiiui regarding the univerjffty project.

Th Founda iorTnot yet an" or cirri- nounced what Pr 55 the university, which is expected t0 open in October, 1947, in Wai- tham. Mass. Dr. George Alpert a memoer iu. iTnir.r1ot;-ri'c hnnrH of ni- the Foundation's board of di- rectors, announced mat ine dou director8 of the Foundation will I I 1 1 i ever, he soon dropped this threat, 3 000 Poland, 1,700, Austria, 1,400 making it possible for an agree- and France 834 Countries re-ment to be reached.

ceiving JDC food include Italy, The Anglo-Jewish Association Belgium, the Netherlands, Yugo-made clear this week that it is pre- siavia, Bulgaria, Greece, Czecho-pared to join the Palestine Con- Slovakia and Rumania, ference at any time it feels its The JDC has also shipped cloth-participation could be helpful in ing and equipment to Europe in reaching some solution. preparation for the distribution of A general meeting of the Asso-, winter supplies. A ship loaded ciation by an undis- with 200 tons of JDC winter cloth-closed vote the position of 'its ex-1 ing is en route from Bremen to ofntivi. rnmmittw. which was out- Antwerp, where it will be unload- onvci man 6oc a inspiring address.

She related her gave a visited the last six months. "The lished that the child was not mur-Yishuv is anxious and ready to dered, but had died of natural "The acquisition of large areas Jewish National Fund is of para-1 mount importance to effectuate the mass immigration of Jews in- to kretz Israel, we regard as the imperative task of our people to acquire the ancient soil of Fal esUne through the Jewish National Fund, so as to create a free and democratic Jewish Commonweann in Palestine. To Complete Nachlath Wisconsin "This Conference expresses its deepest appreciation to all those inc aiuuiuuu vl ln in Palestine through the i receive iuu.ouu European jews lined by Leonard Stein, chairman of the organization. Stein criti- i cized the Jewish Agency lor its i immediately, although the housing of a Jewish home in order to in- situation there is perhaps eveni.i, Polish nnftulation to a refusal to join in the conference year, the JDC distributed more and said that the Association "is than 3,250,000 articles of clothing, ready to participate at any stage as well as nearly 400,000 pairs of where it can be of service." I shoes. Dr.

Goldstein Resigns From Einstein University Project wno nave parucipaiea in me natu- general answer was mai uiejr wm zyrzec, wnere mere are oniy awui lath Wisconsin project initiated in be glad to share their meager joo Jewish residents. The disap-1941, and toward which effort homes with the newcomers; that pearance of a six-year-old Polish regime wouiu Mufti, Ham Amin el Husseinl, as "President of the Republic," and his cousin, Jamal Bey Husseini, i i 4Ua AiK IT oepuiy cnuirman yi i. -r ecutive. as "l-remier unu oecreuiij of Foreign ii.k.,;, it- i 4n Jamna He rbaciu ed to napped a Christian child." Ener- getic measures by the police re- suited in their Xinding the child in the waiting room of the local rail- way station. Further investigation established that the child was kidnapped by a Polish woman, Teofila Piemak, who, when arrested, admitted that she intended to bring the child to Lodz and ask Jews there to "redeem it" for several thousand zlotys as "a Jewish child" which had been given asylum by her during the years of Nazi occupation.

accompanied by GIs and civilian youth from the community, visit- u. Taunch mon unn r-i nm rtc ii ii rii nu i Ml in the "struggl I for the city and conducted memorial services. -t at Raman. Two Jirr.a, Tinian and iwajaiein were flown to Guam where services t. AlasKa were moii.

ardson for observance of the New Year. McNarney Issues Holiday Message At the approach of the Jewish rvi me New Year it is appropriate xnai day message 10 au jewiMi K. one in iprraanv. siaune. 1 1 I i i I Servicemen Greet New Year on Three Continents New York (JTA) Thou- sands of Jewish servicemen in the i i i SanQS OI jewisn servicemen a i i ah Rosh Hashanah t.

nu holiday, the National Jewish Wei fare Board announced. Reports by the JWB from Eu- more acute than in this country," Mrs. Silverman stated. When Mrs. Silverman asked them how they could possibly accomodate an additional 100,000 persons, the ttev are anxious ano reaay iu 1 make every sacrifice to make them welcome and to atone to them for the heartbreaking hard- ships which they endured so bravely.

Mr Mendel N. Fisher also ad-, dressed the evening meeting, nolitiral de- A "i-Is i i fAiAnmonic in rMMi if in ui rdica" 'expressing" a strong belief that the Establishment of a dem- t.mV, rnmmnnwM Ih in ocratjc Jewish Commonwealth in paiestjne will soon come to pass, onH fht fnrrP wm be able to gt jt 700 Children Released from Athlit Camp Jerusalem (WNS) Ap- proximately 700 Jewish children who have been kept at the.Athlit immimntc" hvo been released from detention lomp, The children w.ll be placed in nnnnnnr. KnmAc RonrncontatiVK of 32 Jewisn seuiemenis weie I waiting for the singing and danc i communities tnrougnoui our oc loved State have contributed gen erously for the attainment of the said obiect. We renew our pledge and reaffirm the great urgency of mobilizing wider efforts for the mass acquisition of land. Land is the basis of all our work and hones.

This Conference resolves onoraotillv working ivs 1 1 a i vubihwivvKj 0 for the completion of the Nach- lath Wisconsin project on which sod homes shall be provided for soil homes shall be provided tor our homeless people. Nachlath Wisconsin shall be created as an everlasting memorial for our mar- tvred millions, who have been un- I mercifully destroyed by the Nazis; I "That we resolve to hold an an- nual dinner to take place Deiore i function all. Jewish communis Wisconsin shall participate, hat 'ea community sh 11 tak irZedtate steTto commence its rnllect 1 i ills iunos Deiore me amiuui ocy Nationa, Fund meeting. In the adoption oi mis resoiuuun, we, egates pledge to assume ation towards the attain- rope, Asia and all sections of North were conducted Dy men irom u.e acrorded the Jews in Ger-America emphasized the emergen- ranks. Jewish servicemen scat- messages made special fooHinu nrpriara- tered over the frozen wastes of u.

Am.P. New York (JTA) Dr. Israel Goldstein has resigned from the presidency of the Albert Einstein Foundation for Higher Learning, the organization announced today through its board of directors, adding that Professor Einstein's connection with the "Foundation "remains unchanged." It also announced that the Foundation is going ahead with plans to set up a Jewish-sponsored non- far- ulty and students without regard rn or reliuion. Dr. Goldstein made the follow- ing announcement regarding his resignation: "In view oi tne on-ferences on matters of public relations and faculty selection which have arisen between Dr.

Einstein i and myself, and believing that ur. Einstein's association with the university project is indispensable to its success, 1 nave resigneu, septemDer id, iiuu of the Albert Einstein Foundation tions made by Jewish chaplains nuuouif, ..0 r--r---- nons maue uy dcvu.hi for GIs who travelled hundreds of miles by rail, jeep and plane; the provision oi xaciuues iui by me from Christia large participat civilian communi nunareos ox in the services in oermdny diiu fcH inmnC Armv miiniii i Litra. liic iiik.ii asure ui dici aiu chaplains, and the ion of refugees and ties. ui frri Joseph T. McNarney u.

manoer in uermany, iucu a ni- 7, t.J. wen. vTaui-i muin-i, In rir.u! consideration be given by and JWB religious hP'telitXousn.