The Wisconsin Jewish Chronicle from Milwaukee, Wisconsin • Page 1

THE WISCONSIN JEWISH TP (ffifottide 1 0a "-a AWeeldy PapS for the JewisKSrfme Vol. 56 -No. 8 Entered woond elm matter at the poatotflce mt Milwaukee. under the Act of March 3. 1879.

MILWAUKEE, OCTOBER 26, 1945 Per Year $4 fcW Allied Indictment Charges Nazi Leaders With the Extermination of 5,700,000 Jews in Europe Pledges Complete Equality for Jews in Polish State Measures Taken on Anti-Jewish Outbreaks, Foreign Minister Says Washington (JTA Polish Foreign Minister Wincenty Rzy- Zionist Leaders Ask for Clarification of U. S. Policy on Palestine Rabbis Silver and Wise Confer With Secretary Byrnes, Demand Stronger Action on Palestine Issue; Oppose Consultation With Arab States Washington (JTA) Dr. Abba Hillcl Silver and Dr. Stephen S.

Wise, co-chairmen of the American Zionist Emergency Council, this week submitted a memorandum to James F. Byrnes, secretary of state, demanding "immediate clarification" of the issues raised by the exchange of correspondence between King Ibn Saud and the late President Roosevelt with regard to Palestine, and expressing the hope that the U. S. government will continue to press for the immediate admission to Palestine of 100,000 Jews from Europe. More British Troops Land in Palestine Jerusalem (JTA) More British troops arrived at Haifa from Britain aboard the Dutch liner "Vol-endam." They disembarked with full equipment and will be transported to army camps in various parts of Palestine, it was announced.

The Jewish underground radio, "Voice of Israel," directed a broadcast to the British soldiers, asking them whether it had been "illegal" for British troops to raid Norwegian waters during the war to release British war prisoners. "So will we release our prisoners by all ways and means at our disposal," the broadcast said. "We want peace with Britain. We do not want war. But those who estimate the strength of the Jewish self-defense organization at 60,000 are mistaken.

Our self-defense groups number over 600,000, who will defend Jewish rights and save our Jewish brethren." Annihilation of Jews Became Germany's Official State Policy and Mass Murder Was Deliberate and Systematic, 35,000 -Word Document Emphasizes Washington (JTA) The first public session of the International War Grimes Tribunal opened in Herlin last Friday with the presentation by the Allied prosecutors of a 35-000 word indictment, charging twenty -four top Nazi leaders and the German High Command with various crimes against humanity and placing squarely upon them the guilt for the extermination of 5,700,000 Jews in Europe since the outbreak of the war in 1939. The Nazi persecution of the Jews runs like a thread throughout the whole 11 -page indictment. The document nV II A 1 curing a -ju-minute conterence, the Zionist leaders pre- France and other countries to Nazi camps in the East. The indictment also records that "in November 1938, by orders of the Chief of the Gestapo, anti-Jewish demonstrations took place all over Germany. Jewish property was destroyed, 30,000 Jews were arrested and sent to concentration camps and their property confiscated." Special responsibility for crimes against the Jews is attributed to three of the defendants in Appendix A of the indictment which assesses individual responsibility of all the defendants under each count.

The three are: Julius Streicher, the notorious Jew-baiter; Baldur von Schirach, Hitler Youth chief, and Hans Fritsche, righthand man of Paul Joseph Goebbels. Arabs." The Secretary said that this Government intends to continue exploring "every possible means of relieving the situation of the displaced Jews of Europe." Roosevelt's Letter to King Ibn Saud on Palestine Issue The letter which the late President Roosevelt sent to King Ibn Saud, dated April 5, 1745, refers to "the memorable conversation" which he had with the ruler of Saudi Arabia, and reads as follows: "Your Majesty will recall that on previous occasions I communicated to you the attitude of the American Government toward Palestine and made clear our desire that no decision be taken with respect to the basic situation in that country without full consultation with both Arabs and Jews. Your Majesty will also doubtless recall that during our recent conversation I assured you that I would take no action, in my capacity as chief of the executive branch of this Government, which might prove hostile to the Arab people. "It gives me pleasure to renew to Your Majesty the assurance which you have previously received regarding the attitude of my Government and my own, as chief executive, with regard to the question of Palestine and to inform you that the policy of this Government in this respect is 250 Jewish Terrorist Suspects Transferred to Eritrea Jerusalem (JTA) The approximately 250 Jewish terrorist suspects who had been held in a British internment camp in the Sudan have been returned to Eritrea, to where they were originally deported last year, according to an official announcement. The transfer of the prisoners from Eritrea to the Sudan last January followed vigorous protests by them and their families concerning the primitive conditions of their quarters.

No explanation has been given yet as to why they were returned to Eritrea. Palestinian Jewry Will Defend Their Rights With Arms Ben Gurion Challenges Britain's Military Might in Palestine Paris (JTA) The power of the entire British Army, Navy and Air Force will be unable to prevent Jews from coming into Palestine, David Ben-Gurion, chairman of the executive of the Jewish Agency, told a press conference here. The Zionist leader stressed that the Jews in Palestine are united against application of the White Paper policy by the Labor Government. He said that they are ready to defend their rights by force of arms, if necessary. Ben Gurion charged that officials of the British Colonial Office are doing everything possible to secure continuance of the White Paper, and are using the first and sixth British Airborne Divisions, recently sent into Palestine, as a threat to any dissidents.

"The Jewish community in Palestine," he declared, "is not impressed by armed threats. Palestine Jewry is confident that the voice of justice and right will be heard by the world and will triumph over force." No Animosity Between Jews and Arabs, Correspondent Reports London (JTA) Jews and Arabs are mixing freely in Tel Aviv and in Jaffa, and peace reigns in the Arab villages, the Palestine correspondent of the Evening Standard reports from Tel Aviv. "Nothing is in the air to fore cast Arab-Jewish troubles, he cables. "Nothing is noticeable of the atmosphere which prevailed during 1933-36 when long before the Arab outbursts the relations between Jews and Arabs were cut and no Jews dared to appear in Jaffa while no Arab dared to enter Tel Aviv. The war has brought the Jewish and Arab populations in closer touch." Lord Samuel, first High Com missioner for Palestine, in a broad cast, declared that he does not understand "how the immediate establishment of a Jewish State or Commonwealth can be advocated as long as there are a million Arabs in Palestine." The Jews, he said, have a great claim on Palestine and the Jewish National Home there has been a great success.

"I regard it unfortunate, however, that a contro versy should take place at the present time on the question of a Jewish State, he stated. The Daily Express reports from Haifa that Rashid Ali el Gailini, the leader of the pro-Nazi revolt in Iraq during the war, is now in Mecca and has asked King ion Saud to give sanctuary in Mecca to the ex-Mufti of Jerusalem who is now interned in France. Rashid Ali reached Mecca after escaping from France, the report says, adding that three former collaborators of the ex-Mufti and of Rashid Ali are now in Syria and in Lebanon where they are contacting prominent politicians and conducting anti-Jewish propaganda. mowski in a lengthy analysis of anti-Semitism in Poland, told a large press conference here that the Polish Government, supported by all four parties composing it, is taking numerous measures to combat anti-Semitic outbreaks. Replying to a question by the Jewish Telegraphic Agency the Minister expressed his pleasure that it was asked.

He declared that the outbreaks are the remains of the "bad pre-war tradition" of all Polish Governments before 1939. He said that Jews in Poland now not only have equal rights as citizens but equal rights socially. "They have complete freedom to live as free citizens," the Minister stated. Numerous Clauses at Schools Removed Outlining steps taken to fight anti-Semitism, Mr. Rzymowski cited legislation providing equal rights for Jews, punishment of anti-Semitic crimes, opening of schools and universities previously closed to Jews and removal of the "numerous clauses," and appointment of Jews to important administrative and Government posts.

The Minister said that anti-Semitism in Poland was the "main instrument" of all previous Polish Governments, that Hitler's propaganda in Poland was anti-Semitic and that the chief source of this anti-Semitic propaganda was destroyed when Germany was defeated. He pointed out that three million Jews and three million Poles were murdered by the Nazis and said that the Polish people remember that Poles and Jews alike suffered from the same Nazi blows. About 100,000 Jews are in Poland at the present time, according to the Minister, and approximately the same number are expected to return from the Soviet Union. Jews from Poland, Hungary Arrive Weekly in British Zone London (JTA) Jews from Poland and Hungary attempting to reach Palestine are arriving at the rate of 500 weekly in the British zone in Austria, a Vienna dispatch to the Manchester Guar dian reports. It adds that the ar rivals report that 100,000 are en route.

A conference of the four Allied powers is to be held in Vienna to discuss the problem. The newcomers present themselves to the British authorities with a request that they be housed in displaced persons camps until they can proceed to Palestine via Italy, the dispatch says. It points out that there is evidence of organization behind the infiltration, since groups are apparently guided across the frontier, some arrive with knowledge of the camp names and the names of the commanders and many have a defi nite idea as to just where they want to go. British authorities have been placed in a difficult position by the wave of migrants, the corre spondent says, because there is not sufficient room in the camps for all of them, and, technically, the arrivals are not displaced persons, although since they refuse to return from whence they came, some arrangements have to be made for them. At present, about 3,000 are quartered in camps at Judenburg and Trofaiach.

Senator William J. Fulbright of Arkansas, addressing one of the sessions, stressed that President Truman's letter to Attlee requesting the admission of 100,000 Jewish refugees to Palestine was "intended to meet the immediate problem of saving human beings." He denounced the White Paper as part of the discredited Chamberlain Government. That policy, he demanded, "should be disavowed as a matter of course, adding that he saw no reason for further delay. With the war over, he stressed, Britain no longer had any cause to be concerned over the attitude of the Arabs. Describing the greatly increased requirements of the agencies of the United Palestine Appeal in making possible the immigration, settlement and absorption in Palestine of large masses of Jews, Dr.

James G. Heller, national chairman, announced that a total of $51,759,405 would be required in the coming year. Of this amount, $26,325,000 will be needed by the Jewish Agency for Palestine and the Keren Hayesod, while the budget of the Jewish National uuuiges uiui wnue implementing their 'master race' policy, the con spirators joined in a program of relentless persecution of the Jews, designed to exterminate them. Annihilation of the Jews became an official state policy, carried out both by officiul action and by incitements to mob and individual violence. The conspirators openly avowed this purpose." Anti-Jewish Speeches of Top Nasis Quoted Quoting from the anti-Jewish speeches of Alfred Rosenberg, Robert Ley, Julius Stretcher and other defendants who constantly emphasized that not a single Jew must be left alive in Europe, the indictment says: "These avowals and incitements were typical of the declarations of the Nazi conspirators through the course of their conspiracy.

The program of action against the Jews included disfranchisement, somatization, denial of civil rights, subjecting their persons and property to violence, deportation, enslavement, enforced labor, starvation, murder and mass extermination. "The extent to which the conspirators succeeded in their purpose can only be estimated, but the annihilation was substantially complete in many localities of Europe," the indictment states. "Of the 9,600,000 Jews who lived in the parts of Europe under Nazi domination, it is conservatively estimated that have disappeared, most of them deliberately put to death by Nazi conspirators. Only remnants of the Jewish population of Europe remain." Specific Cases of Mass-Killing of Jews Listed Listing specific cases where Jews were exterminated, the indictment reports the torturing and shooting of over 133,000 persons in the Lodz Jewish ghetto from September 7, 1941 to July 6, 1943. "Mass-shooting of the popula tion," the document states, "occurred in the suburbs of the city in the Livenitz Forest.

Other mass-murders of Jews listed in this indictment as crimes against humanitv include: 1. The mass-shooting of 31,000 Jews in the Kamenetz-Podolsk region, including 13,000 persons brought there from Hungary. i 2. The mass-extermination of 60,000 Jews at Kiev and Dnepropetrovsk. 3.

The killing of 60,000 Jews on an island in the Dvina River, near Riga, capital of Latvia. 4. The mass-shooting of 20,000 Jews at Lutzk, in the Wolyhnian section of the Soviet Ukraine. 5. The mass annihilation of 000 Jews at Sarny, in the Ukraine.

6. The extermination of about 70,000 Jews in Yugoslavia. "Thousands of Jews were gassed weekly by means of gas-wagons which broke down from overwork," the indictment reports. "As the Germans retreated before the Soviet Army, they exterminated Jews rather than allow them to be liberated. Many concentration camps and ghettos were kept up in which Jews were incarcerated and tortured, starved, subjected to merciless atrocities and finally exterminated.

1,157,000,000 Fines Imposed on Jewish Communities In France The indictment charges that among other religious institutions the Nazis destroyed 532 synagogues in Eastern Europe. It es tablishes that collective lines to taling 1,157,179,843 francs were imposed on Jewish communities in France. It also deals with the raids on Jews in French cities and the deportations of Jews from ment. The ORT also received a general export authorization. which will speed emigration.

The OSE headquarters here has announced that a temporary headquarters of TOZ, its sister organization in Poland, has been opened in Lodz and that trucks carrying eight tons of medicaments, and dental and surgical instruments sent from here have arrived there. The OSE also reported that a shipment of medicines sent to Jews in Austria, Hungary and Rumania last August, through the International Red Cross, have arrived there. sented a ueiuuea memorandum deploring that neither the executive branch, nor the state department in particular, had "translated into action" what Dr. Silver and Dr. Wise outlined as Zionist acts, promises and pronouncements." They stated that neither the letter of President Roosevelt to King Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia, nor Byrnes' recent statement "took any cognizance whatever" of the policy toward Palestine to which the American government and people are both "committed." They regretted that Mr.

Roosevelt in his letter to Ibn Saud "failed to point out" that the idea of a Jewish national home in Palestine could not be construed as "hostile to the Arab people." In a press conference, Dr. Silver said he and Dr. Wise had a "long and exploratory conversation" with Secretary Byrnes, who "did not seem to indicate that the matter is closed." Accuse Ibn Saud of "Infamous Lies" In the same press conference Dr. Silver accused Ibn Saud of "infamous lies," and demanded that the American government tell the Arab states that it did not propose to be "intimidated or blackmailed." The Arab 'tes, he went on, were likely. wv.siout the aid of America, to' "remain backward, impoverished and disease ridden." He asked why the British Labor party permitted a "shocking repudiation" of its own commitments made as recently as four months ago.

He inquired whether Palestine was a British colony, "or are 6,000,000 Jewish dead not enough?" Must the rest of the European Jews perish "in order to maintain Great Britain's imperial interest in the far east," he asked. Byrnes Says Jews and Arabs Will Be Consulted Washington (JTA) Secretary of State James F. Byrnes nounced last week that the United States Government "would not support a final decision which in its opinion would affect the basic situation in Palestine without full consultation with both Jews and American Court to Try Murderers of Dachau Next Month Doctors Who Used Jews for Experiments to be First Defendants Wiesbaden (WNS) From forty to fifty Germans whose names are linked with the torture and murder of thousands of Jews, at the Dachau concentration camp, will be tried by an American court next month in the largest war crimes trial yet held in the American zone. For the first time an American court will try Germans for atrocities practiced on other Germans, for thousands of those who died at Dachau were German Jews or Communists. Colonel Jaworski said that the doctors who had used the Jews and other prisoners as guinea pigs for experiments would be tried first and that others would follow.

Colonel Jaworski estimates that at least 5,000 Jews were killed in the Landsberg section of Dachau alone and that between 1,000 and 3,000 others died or were driven mad under the torture of medical experimentation that sought to provide information on high-altitude flying for the German Air Force. The Counter-intelligence Corps has arrested Johann Eichelesdor-fer, who was held responsible for having tortured and killed the Jews at Landsberg, it was learned. Colonel Jaworski said that the Jews had been "ruthlessly wiped out" by hanging and firing squad and gas chambers at Dachau. Frequently they were paraded into a gas chamber, told to strip for shower and then left to die when the gas was turned on. Dachau is now being used by the Third Army as the scene of all war-crimes trials within its area and as the place of confinement for war criminals, the S.S.

and important witnesses. Rabbi Silver Honored at Dinner in Pittsburgh Pittsburgh (JTA) Tribute was paid here to Dr. Abba Hillel Silver, in recognition of his services to the Zionist cause and his achievements in the field of Jewish scholarship, at a testimonial dinner tendered him by a special committee under the chairmanship of Judge Henry Ellenbogen. More than 800 persons representing a cross-section of the Pittsburgh community attended the function. An album of inscriptions was presented to Dr.

Silver on behalf of numerous local organizations and groups which contributed to the Jewish National Fund for the acquisition of at least four dunams of land in his name and which inscribed his name in the J.N.F. Golden Book. Dr. Filderman Detained for Two Weeks Bucharest (JTA) Dr. William Filderman president of the Union of Jewish Communities in Rumania, was arrested on August 21 and detained until September 9, it can now be revealed.

The charge against him was that he collaborated with the German-dominated Antonescu regime. Dr. Filderman is still under attack in left-wing circles. A speaker at a Communist meeting here reiterated the charge of his collaboration with the former pro-Nazi regime. Harrison Demands Quick Removal of Jews from Camps Denies That Displaced Persons Have Priority on German Housing Philadelphia (JTA) Earl G.

Harrison U. S. representative on the Inter-governmental Committee for Refugees, who was sent by President Truman to Europe to study the condition and needs of displaced persons, especially Jews, in Germany and Austria, issued a statement here replying to Gen. Eisenhower's report assuring the President that "real and honest" efforts have been made to improve the living standard of the displaced people. "General Eisenhower," Mr.

Harrison said, "refers to improved conditions in the camps or centers. What we need is more ac tion in getting the people out of the camps and less talk about improving conditions within the camps. "General Eisenhower cites the fact that subordinate commanders are under orders to requisition German houses, grounds and other facilities without hesitation for the benefit of displaced persons. Jews in Germany Will Hold Conference on Compensation London (JTA) A conference of delegates representing all Jews now living in Germany will shortly meet at Feldafing, near Munich, to discuss questions of compensation and emigration, the American News Service in Germany reports. Representatives of the UNRRA, of the JDC and of the German authorities will attend the conference, the report said.

That has been true for many months, as I pointed out in my report. The trouble is the subordinate commanders are not carrying out the orders. For example, it was not until General JMsen-hower himself visited Camp Feld afing a few weeks ago, after receipt of President Truman's letter forwarding a copy of my re port, that German houses in the vicinity of the camp were requi sitioned to relieve the over-crowded conditions in the camps." Housing Order Widely Disregarded Harrison "flatly" denied that displaced persons have absolute preference over Germans for housing. "That is true only on paper," he said, "and in a few isolated instances. In my report I offered to cite examples of quite the contrary, but I have never been requested to name names.

"1 laud General Eisenhower's letter, the date of which has not been given, but I am sure it is quite recent, directing that necessary guarding of camps should be done by displaced persons themselves on a volunteer system and without arms. When I was there. United States' troops were guarding the camps. That is why I said that so long as we continued to keep Jews, for example, in camps under our guard instead of S.S. troops as formerly, we would appear to be treating the Jews as the Nazis treated tnem except mat we do not exterminate them.

There was nothing misleading about my statement, if there has been a change, tnough recent, i am very glad. "One part oi uenerai Eisenhower's report is definitely mis- (Continnrd on Pace 1 Fund calls for expenditures aggregating $25,434,405. Dr. Heller said that in the year ending September 30, 1945 approximately $31,609,000 had been spent by the flppnries reDresented in the Unit ed Palestine Appeal. Rumanian Communists, Minister of Religion Support Jewish State Bucharest (JTA) Support for a Jewish state in Palestine came from two widely separated sectors of Rumanian public opinion: the Communist Party and the Greek Orthodox Church.

At a public meeting here devoted to Jewish problems, M. Lucca, general secretary of the Communist Pprty, declared that "Jews have a right to their owm, state in Pffiestine andshbuld be allowed to emigrate there." Lucca added, however, that "those Jews who choose to remain in Rumania must support democratic groups." At the same time, Father Con-stantine Burdurcea, Minister of Religion, told the Jewish Tele graphic Agency that "the Bible proves that Palestine belonged to the Tews. All nations must help to bring about justice for the Jews by re-establishing a Jewish State. Outbreaks Against Jews Reported from Argentine Capital Fascists, Celebrating Peron's Victory, Raid Jewish Quarters Buenos Aires (WNS) Anti-Semitic demonstrations throughout Argentina, and attacks on Jewish homes, buildings, synagogues and individuals in Buenos Aires, marked the return to power of Colonel Juan Peron. Celebrating Peron's victory, roving bands raided the Jewish section of this city shouting "Death to the Jews." The demonstrators attacked a number of Jews and smashed windows of homes and stores belonging to Jews.

Police Arrest Defenders of Synagogue Young Peronistas marched through the streets provoking the Jews "to come out and fight." The Jews kept away from the streets. But when the Anti-Semites approached the synagogue on Pasb Street and began throwing stones and smashing windows, they were engaged in a fight by a number of Jewish youths who had been hiding in the synagogue. Instead of coming to the rescue of the defenders, the police broke into the synagogue and arrested about twenty Jewish boys. When news of the attack on the synagogue became known, a group of Jewish boys gathered at the second synagogue, on Liberated Street, to defend it against a possible attack. The fascists also were preparing to attack the office of the Yiddish newspaper "El Diario Israelita," but police interference broke up their plans.

During the demonstration the walls of the Banco Industrial, a Jewish owned bank, were painted with slogans "Death to the Jew," "Kill a Jew and be a Patriot'' and other such slogans. Speakers harangued the mobs against the Jews, blaming them for the ills of the world and of Argentina. At Avelleneda, mobs stoned the synagogue and a Jewish bank. The gang broke into the buildings, destroying records and damaging the interior. UPA Supports Defiance of White Paper Restrictions Swiss Allow Repatriated Refugees to Take Along Tools and Machines New York (WNS) A resolution pledging all-out support of every measure taken by the Jews of Palestine to resist attempts of the British Government to carry out by force the cessation of Jewish immigration into Palestine was passed here at the twentieth anniversary conference of the United Palestine Appeal at the Hotel Commodore.

The conference, attended by more than 2,000 delegates, also voted to submit a three-point program to President Truman urging his continued support of the immediate admission to Palestine of 100,000 Jews and requesting him to permit the use of all possible American transportation facilities to speed the entry of the Jews into Palestine. The resolution urged the President to "take the initiative in the creation of an international agency which would be empowered to recover the property expropriated from Europe's Jews or left behind by the millions who were massacred and to use such funds exclusively for the relief, rehabilitation and resettlement of the surviving Jews of Europe." Geneva (JTA) The first transport of tools, sewing machines and textbooks to be sent by ORT to Jews in Germany left here for Landsberg, Bavaria, where a workshop has been established to train 300 students. In a move to facilitate the economic rehabilitation of Jewish refugees who will be repatriated from Switzerland to their home countries, Swiss authorities will permit the refugees to take along with them tools and machines, it was announced by the ORT, following a conference with an official of the Commerce Depart-1.