The Province from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada • 53

5 Sucked Mud From. False Creek to Make a Busy Island THE VANCOUVER PROVINCE, VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA Million Cuhic Yards of Silt Poured on to Granville Island, Now Home of Modern Industry Corseted ilh Piling, Honeycombed ith Water Pipes and Wealed ith Electrical Lines I i -''-Hi A. BSmjtSA one of raw materials to the island, the ihj-r of finished products, trade goods snipped to nearly every country oa earth. The following statistics, provided by industries on the island, will convey some idea of the size of these raw-material and trade-goods rivers, and shed yet more light on the value of this unpretentious piece of Canada which lies often so gloomily under the smoke-pall of its gigantic neighbor. The paint manufactory, with lt yearly production of 100,000 gallons of paint and 500.000 pounds of paste-colors, buys ninety-five per cent of its materials, even to cans and labels, right in Canada.

Its markets extend over the Dominion, United States, and to countries as far east as South Africa, and as far west as Australia-One industry, with a capital outlay of $250,000, makes steel boilers, furnaces, steel barrels, drums and Rteel pipes, spends over $50,000 a year on steel and $1000 a year on Canadian acids and paints. It recently filled an order from the Yukon Consolidated Gold Corporation at Dawson City for ten miles of heavy steel pipe, weighing 165 tons. A bolt manufactory, producing railway spikes, bridge timber-drifts and steel bands for wooden tanks and pipes also, spends $140,000 a year on raw materials, chiefly steel bars made in Canadian rolling mills, and it pays out $26,000 a year in transportation. Some 630 tons of wire-rope were manufactured by another industry last year. Through the centre, when completed, ran a core of Manilla cord to give tensile strength.

The cord came from the West Indies, the wire from England, and the 630 tons of finished product travelled to Canadian mining and logging districts. These examples of Granville Island's effect upon other industries and Canadian trade in general, are but four out of forty one. They show a trifle less than one-tenth of the size of the two mighty rivers which accompany the sizable stream of pay checks, flowing into and out of Granville Island now, as they have flowed at an average sameness of width and depth, for twenty-one years. It is a twenty-one-year record of imports, manufacture and exports, that not another country can equal if judged in ratio to its comparative size with Granville Island. It is the clinching quality of uniqueness of this unique, home-made, Canadian isle, lying, like a drowsing turtle, under Granville Bridge.

By WILT. DAWSON. UNDER Granville Bridge, in Vancouver, lies an island. If you arc a citizen of Vancouver you probably cross the bridge, many times a year and you see this island and know that it is called Granville Island. As a tourist you may have noticed it.

but the odds are you haven't, for no glimmer of fame flickers alluringly over its acres to attract attention. Yet a more unique island, an island with a greater variety of industrial wealth per square foot, is rare in Canada. Those who have not seen this amazing piece of CanaMian territory may picture a small, roughly oblong, bit of land, rounded at both ends and as flat as a dime, rising from the greenish-grey waters of False Creek. Less than four minutes walk one way and seven the other span its cxt remit ies. No trees, no shrubs, no flowers, grace its surface, but buildings only, concreteand corrugated-iron structures jammed together in seeming higgle-de-pigglcdy carelessness, as unbeautiful am! inartistic as centres of industry can be.

For twenty-one years Granville Island has lain like a drowsing turtle whose shell is the recipient of sea-debris washed up by sluggish In 1915 it arose turtle-like from the creel: bed. Twenty-three years ago only mudflats appeared and disappeared in the ebb end flow of False Creek's tidal waters, ugly, without value, and offensive tu the nose at low tide. Speculation in real estate in and aroun: "ancouver during the boom years of 1905 1912 had made land such an exorbitant price that manufacturing industries desirous o'. fettling in Vancouver were forced to locate elsewhere or wait until "devaluation" occurred. So the Vancouver Harbor Board de cided to build land as Dominion Governmct property, not civic, nor provincial, for indu trial settlement.

Mi. Sam McClay, as secretui of the board, had been perhaps the me constant advocate of this land-creating polic but just when adoption of it seemed assured, the depression of 1912 set in and the idea discarded for the moment. group of Vancouver business men saw a chance to turn this money-short cautiousness to advantage. They applied for a long-term lease of the mud flats, their intention to build the island and as its lessors, turn its acres to good account in the fat years to come. Once built, the island, lying in the very shadow of Vancouver, accessible to shipping and by bridge to trains and trucks, would have phenomenal value.

An alderman of Vancouver saw every bit as far as those far-sighted business men however, and after a stiff fight blocked issuance of the golden lease. He was Hon. H. H. Stevens.

Aid. Stevens set to work on public opinion and the powers that then were, in the Dominion Government. His appeal to have the island built as Dominion property was answered. In 1913 the Pacific Dredging Company's tender for contract to dredge False Creek und build what is now Granville Island was accepted, and under supervision of Messers. J.

L. Davidson and Stewart Cameron, engineers and contractors, the mud-flats grew into an island. Hydraulic pumps sucked at the bed of False Creek and poured it onto the flats, 971,467 cubic yards of it. Thus almost a million cubic yards of sea-mud and silt were built into an island, sectioned with concrete roads, honeycombed with salt water and sewag i systems, webbed with a network of electric and telephone wires and bridged to the mainland at nearby Rat Portage, for both trains md trucks. This product of human ingenuity 34.28 acres, and its total construc-m cost was $342,000.

In 1915 Granville Island was opened. Today vty-one industries rise from its pile-corseted ores. They produce a wealth of material, iffieient to build a modern city and equip with the most urgent utility needs. Cement. Scene on Granville Island, Once Beneaih False Creel(.

burners, stand cheek to Jowl. One factory makes almost every conceivable type of saw, another, machinery. Another builds boats, and yet another, engines. There is a place for service station equipment, one for storage, and trucking and hauling companies. The latest comer, odd among its heavy-material neighbors, makes an arm-long variety of chemical products.

To top the icing on this ginger-bread of wealth and final proof that a city could from powder to paving stones: si eel goods from to girders; roofing materials, builders' supplies, ordinary paper, stucco, pumps, pipes and electrical apparatus and appliances, are some of the things produced on this unique Canadian island. A paint factory manufactures allons of paint and 500.000 pounds of a year. Coal companies and oil companies, and industries manufacturing coal and wood stoves, sawdust burners and oil be built from the materials on Granville Island without any outside aid at all, there are electrical contractors, paving contractors, and a wholesale construction company. A rough means of computing any industry's economic worth is its The aggregate pay-roll of Granville Island's industries last year was $580,644. This golden stream of pay-checks has pouted from the island's 34.28 acres for over two decades.

Along with it two mighty rivers have flowed, Old Timer Raises Ghosts Of Bygone Halloweens Great Britain Grows Apprehensive Over India Religious Changes Dr. A mbedkar Leads Awak ening of 60,000,000 Untouchables. ''ffi4frT strcet scene in the ancient city of Rangoon, India.) HMsT By MAX I.EKL'S. WITH the Spanish civil war menacin; European peace and with the situatioi in the Near East, particularly in th Holy Land, continuing to be critical, a ne source of trouble looms for the British Ei fire in its vast East Indian colony. Religious changes are taking place in Ind among its teeming population of 300 million which, in view of the always-delicate proble of religious faiths, are followed by Lond-with utmost attention.

Much publicity was given by the Indi press to recent embracing of Mohammed; faith by Hiralal Gandhi, son of the great hatma. While the conversion of this prom nent Hindu has been a distinct score on th part of the Islamic mission of Bombay, it the rousing of India's 60 million Untouchables which may easily disturb the present peace of gland's most cherished colony, according wni En, to observers. The man behind the awakening of the Pariahs is a bespectacled lawyer by the name of Dr. Bhimrao R. Ambcdkar of Bombay.

Am-bedkar himself is a Pariah, the first one of his caste to rise to prominence and political importance. Attracted Attention of (laekwar of Uaroda Born 36 years ago as the son of a Pariah soldier in His Majesty's Indian army, the alert boy was educated in the government elementary school. According to the treatment Dr. Bhimrao R. A mbedkar 9 the first of his caste to rise to prominence and political importance In India.

Sabre-Tooth Tiger Haunts Our Beaches By II. S. SIIKRMAX. WHILE strolling along the beach at Chewassin, near Ladncr, I flushed a thousand or more sabre-toothed tigers and captured three. The sandbanks were riddled with their larval burrows, padded around the edges by the clutching paws of blood-thirsty carnivores.

But all of the architects and recent occupants of these vertical lairs seemed to have donned the "ronze armour of maturity and sallied forth search of prey. Autos were parked under the broad-leaved men, women and children crossed the and bathed in the sea. No one but myself seemed aware of the terrible creatures that haunted the beach. Had these people been reduced to the size of ants they would have been palsied with terror, as our remote ancestors were when the roar of the sabre-toothed tiger smote the walls of the jungle. What are these flitting fragments of the and that rise at our feet and disperse? Until they take wing they are to the casual eye invisible.

When they settle again, as they do. to right and left, they seem to vanish into the mottled grey surface of the sand. Only the trained or observant eye detects them. Try to catch one with hat or hand it Is impossible! They are fleeter of wing than bird or butterfly. Even the bugman with his long-handled net (an unlooked-for phenomenon! must strike with the utmost speed and accuracy to secure a specimen.

When he gets one, he labels it. Cicindela repanda or some other specific name and puis It away In a glass case, where it may remain for ten years before he looks at it again. Instead of putting my three specimens in a case, I took them severally in my hands and turned upon them the eye of the microscope a simple lens that anyone can buy and manipulate. To the naked eye the color of these tigers seems to fit them for their life on dusty roads and sandy slopes, where they stalk their prey. Victim Is Gradually Eased Down the Shaft But under the glass, with the sunlight upon them, they display streaks and bandings of emerald, copper, gold and erubescite.

The pigmentation of the elytra or wing-cases has been put on with the careful stippling of an early-Victorian craftsman no crude smudges in primary colors here. Their round, protuberant eyes are keen and far-sighteed. When a tiger-beetle seeks safety in flight he rises from the ground in a flash, alights a few yards ahead, faces you bravely and observes you intelligently. He soon knows whether you are an enemy or a mere peregrinating form, such as a cow or a horse, and governs himself accordingly. The larva, being wingless, must resort to different tactics.

He makes a vertical burrow In compact sand or soil, sometimes a foot or more in depth, and awaits for passing prey at its mouth. With his head blocking the entrance and his forefeet clutching the rim of his dugout, he displays the patience characteristic of good hunters and fishermen. Though his long body is slight in form and light in color, his head, which protrudes or lies flattened at the entrance to his burrow, is of the same color as the sun ounding sand. Here the larva lies In wail for ant, beetle or fly that ultimately will come within reach of his open jaws. And once seized the! a is no escape, except at the sacrifice of leg or wing.

The gnme may try to pull the hunter out of the hole, but In vain. On the fifth segment of the larva's body Is a' hump bearing two upward-pointing hooks or grapnels which sink into the walls like the flukes of an anchor, and serve the same purpose. The victim is gtp'Jimlly eased down the shaft to the chamber in the bottom, where it Is devoured. By MOI.1IE S.U'ERA. "Tit TELL now, and I'll be tellin' you." He shook his had emphatically.

"Can't say as how you'll find an honcst-to-goodncss Halloween witch these days, 'specially in Vancouver." "As a matter o' fact, can't sec why you ak me about 'em." Frank Holt rubbed his chin thoughtfully. "Sure, I've lived in this little house, right here almost behind the Marine Building-even before the Marine Building was built, for it's near on fort-five years. Come here in 1886. And I oughtj know 'bout any bogies that might be around." "But take it from me. the depression has upped and pushed real respectable spooks from all the most homes hereabouts.

It's the competition. I know. It's the same back home. Ever since tbty put plumbing and lights in Leeds in England, round 'bout 1926, spectres just won't haunt the place. Before that, remember the cruel Queen Mary 'n hosts of otherB used to have a real high time o' HaWoweens." "Folks blame the little boy next door nowadays for 'most all spooky things that take place." The man in the niton could not have had a more knowing twinkle in his eye than this Vancouver pioneer as he reminisced about All Hallow's Eve.

And then as if he had changed into that ghostly rider of the skies who sees all such things on nights when goblins hold revel, he chuckled. "Why I have it from good authority 'bout the cat who fiJuled for the cow the time they had that jumping competition. Used to make quite a sideline of riding on witches' brooms, that feller did." "But now," the old man sighed. "Well guess he's living on gieen cheese these days 'till he gets his fiddle practiced up a bit" Ship Was Cursed by An Old Apple Woman Mr. Holt smiled mpathetically.

Shadows drew closer as if listening His own wavered over his head along t) wall like one of the talked-of witch's cloaks. "No, t'ain't like the old days and tain the little hoy next dcor either who's scared all our shivery sort visitors away. Take the Indians now. They used to have some fine spooks." "'Course I'm just talking from what I heard other folk say but those that know 'II tell you it was a mighty risky business building the new armories' down there near Burrard Bridge. Now mind, I don't say I saw anything myself -but that spot used to be the Indians burying ound.

And 1 know they moved all the bones away, up to Squamish, I think. Just the wouldn't like to start a marchin' up and down there o' nights 'specially "And then there the old C. P. II. coal barge, "Melanope," vhtch was launched in Scotland as a sailing shi, in 1876.

Any of the old crew could give you a tale of how the ship was cursed by i old apple woman who came aboard in San Vrancisco when the ship was there in 1900. Tt old lady got mad at something, I don't know just what -but they had bad UcU the whole voyage to Vancouver, and they r.now as how it was because she put a spell on them. "But it's a pretty rare case you can get o' such black magic. t's these blamed fellers who think up pranks before the hobgoblins get a chance that cause ail the trouble." "Look at what they did here in 1929, or was It '28? No, it wa '29. Newspapers reported a quiet Halloween.

They usually do. Guess it's a policy they have." "Well, it was quiet enough." Mr. Holt laughed and paused to relight the fire. A coal scattered sparks across the floor like a shooting star. "Thj kids who painted the courthouse lions green sure didn't make toa much noifce about it.

You oughta remember that prank yourself. They had an awful time gctt'n' the stuff off tl.e stone with turpentine the next day." "But if it's black magic you want well gosh, there's no black magic in a can of green paint. Just tomfoolery that's all" "And the time some university students hung a dummy over a bridge and then called the fire department to oume and rescue the person who was trying to commit suicide just tomfoolery!" Mr. Holt stopped and hammered the poker vigorously and then expressed himself more pointedly with another stoiy. "But that's not what you call 'finesse'.

You gotta go back to when those Druid fellers held sacrifices to the sun, Samhain festival they called it. Or maybe a little later when people used to hold strange ceremonies to see who they were going to marry." "You know, they used to go into a dark room and eat an apple while looking in the mirror for their sweetheart's image. There's one case. The granddaughter of those it happened to, tells It." The Widow Wasn't Left Alone Long "They were married for a year and a half, these two, and they had the cutest little girl you could think of. But one night" Mr.

Holt leaned closer "one Halloween night the husband was wakened by the sound of the baby crying." "He tried to rouie his wife but she slept and slept. It seemed as if she be drugged. Anyway the baby went to sleep again. But next morning the young feller told his Jfe about it. 'I wish you'd wakened me', the wife said.

'I felt as if I had no sleep all night and I had tho most awful dream, of being taken miles and miles to another house and back again'." "When she told 'lim that, the husband was sure worried. 'I don't think you're going to have me long', he said. 'There is someone who is spiting against us'." "Well he was right 'cause soon after he died. But the widow wasn't left alone long. Her uncle brought a young man over to her house who wanted to meet her.

But even before the two reached ti. gate the young man pointed to the widow and said, 'That's who I'm going to marry. She's the one whose vision I saw in the minor on "But I dunno, t'ain't like old times. 'In those days the ghosts o' the departed roamed the hills'. It was All Sculs' Eve when them as had been condemned were released for one night.

'Twas a time when people thought o' those who couldn't get inside the pearly gates and had to varder forever over the earth. People used to leave food out for their dead relatives too." "But nope, they dun even do that any more. Kids Just eom; and shout 'Halloween 'n put soap all over your windows if you don't give 'em something." "Oh Vancouver's pretty nigh free ol honest spectres. But now don't you go writin' 'bout everything else I've said. People don't believe half those things now." Mr.

Holt slid behtm his newspaper like the moon disappeai ing beneath a cloud. 1 crept out of the cottage and remembered to cross my fingers while going down the dark streets- -just in case a wandering spirit hould be preparoing for Halloween revelry. of Nasik, near Bombay, and flatly exhorted hrs listeners to abandon Hinduism. "I had the misfortune to he born with the stigma of the Untouchable, but this was not my fault," he told them. "I shall not die a Hindu, for this is in my power.

So I tell you: Leave Hinduism, the fountain of your degradation and embrace any other creed that will grant you equality." American institution Ambedkar returned to Bombay to practice law as well as to fight for the elevation of others of his caste. He faced the old Brahman proverb, "Rice must be watered and the Untouchables must be stifled." Three years ago Dr. Ambedker was made a member of the All Indian legislative council, where he immediately became the mouthpiece of the millions of His programme, however, was radical. He intended not to be satisfied with half-hearted measures but decided to tackle the evil at Its roots. Thus, he called a meeting of tens of thousands of his followers to their holy city accorded his caste for centuries, young Ambcdkar was required to sit thirty-two paces apart from the Brahman pupils who belonged to the highest caste.

Upon leaving his classes, he had to go fit st, so as not to pollute the shadow of his Brahman teacher. But the clever, quick-grasping pupil attracted the attention of the liberal Gaekwar of Barodii. Indlas second richest maharajah. Ho took lasting interest in the boy and staked him to an education at Oxford and Columbia universities. Graduating from the Mushroomatism 1 Ac Hotter yi W.

M. N. KAMSAY. i A this time of year, early in Novetn- bet', the wild mushroom shows itself in small patches In woods and fields. Wild mushroom gathering should come under the heading of incurable diseases.

It attack lis victims worst In the autumn, the most noticeable symptom being a furtiveness. "J- '-T frJ is large paper bag, into which he carefully places his treasures. Temporarily lost to the world is he, his whole being concentrated on his search. Soon he stands erect to stretch his cricked neck, when lo! there, not twenty-five yards away, is another mushroomer. How did he get there unnoticed? How did he know of this patch? Our mushroomer quietly resumes hi search.

Has the other observed him yet? Yes, he caught that furtive glance. With suspicion very close to hatred the two continue their respective searches, but each always avoidingthe other. Victims of this peculiar disease never speak to each other. When the patch Is fairly thinned out, our hunter turns his steps towards home, deep in thought. He is greeted by his breakfast-busy wife who enquires: "Get many this morning, John?" "Oh, not so bad," replies the afflicted one, "but someone else has discevered the patch.

Think it wan Bloggs; must have found out from the kids. Did you tell Junior where I gathered the last lot?" hnth In glance and manner. When one falls a prey to this malady, i.e., when he discovers patch, he changes Komewhat, becoming stealthy and suspicious, and as for divulging the location of his find well, that's out! Early iti the morning he rises and proceeds as inconspicuously as potsiblc. Upon nearing the joveted patch he scans with suspicious eye the surrounding woods, to make sure he Is not noticed. He then saunters unconcernedly across the road to give the impres- cern JONATHAN CLENDON "Harvesting Jrien en days ajlct seeding?" Yes, that is a fad." Jonathan Ckndon, technocrat, told Saskatchewan farmers.

"The ivhcal grows i'houl any soil. The seed draws sustenance from mineralized Water in artificially heated and lighted factories 1000 feel long and 100 feet i)i(c, groirrit as much wheat a Xcnr as 35.000 acres of land." on that he may be going fishing, or going slon for an early morning stroll, or Just going. Artyihing but mushrooming. On approaching the patch he again slows his pace and scans the riTwy turf with searching eyes, and Is soon absorbed in hie quest for the menty vegetable. Ho piuducc fium bit pocket A 4.