The Leader-Post from Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada • 13

Leader "Post Editorials REGINA, FRIDAY, JUNE 25, 1943 Th Ltarfer-Poet to published by The Leor-Pot Limited, ij-j Hirau-ten Regina- hoKr. Id'tor. Pers ktflcr. General Ibunr. Mrpbr el Toe Canadian Proa The people have spoken Thursday's verdict The voters of Saskatchewan have de It is also true that the government's Hamlet's madness still news By Envm Kreulrneiser VANCOUVER.

The University of Saskatchewan and all Saskatchewan can be proud of the university contingent that was here recently for the annual meeting of the Royal Society of Canada. Dr. W. P. Thompson, dean ot arts, presided over the general session.

It is a high honor to be chosen president of the Royal Society which, since it was founded by the Marquis of Lorne in 1881, has been the Canadian national academy of letters and sciences. There was agreement among the society fellows that Dr. Thompson's presidential address was an exceptional paper. The presidential address by tradition must be an outstanding contribution to knowledge and original thought. Dean Thompson rose to the occasion.

He chose as his subject "Mutations," something on which he is a noted authority, and used it as a "springboard" for profound thoughts on evolution and the nature of man. Mutations are the mysterious changes in plant and animal life which nature frequently throws out, giving alterations of form, color, size or behavior. Evolution has presumably occurred through mutations, and scientists have had warm controversies over the years as to whether these changes have taken place by chance or from design. Dr. Thompson seemed to be on the side of chance.

He pointed out that artificial mutations, induced by radiation, resulted from random hits on genes. Natural, or spontaneous, mutations, therefore, must also be random, "a point which is of great significance" in the explanation of evolution. Related to this is the question whether living matter has the power to adapt itself to new situations. Many scientists and philosophers have refused to admit that the universal occurrence of adaptation has been a matter of chance. They have suggested that there has been some form of guidance or original endowment of living matter with a capacity for adaption.

cided to grant the Douglas government a second term of office. In the number of C.C.F. members returned, the election was decisive. In terms of the total vote, the outcome was inconclusive. The C.C.F.

failed significantly to win a majority of the record popular vote of 464,480. Those who opposed the government's re-election will naturally be disappointed over the outcome. But there is no reason for them to feel discouraged. They fought well, hard and cleanly. They did not win.

They did make headway. A turnover of approximately IS seats represents from an opposition standpoint a major achievement. The government scraped through by the skin of their teeth for the vote in many ridings was extremely close. Mr. Douglas may well reflect that this is indeed a Pyrrhic victory.

The C.C.F. have been hard pressed when they felt themselves secure and when, elsewhere in Canada they were riding the crest. The voters and especially the farmers have demonstrated an independence which must have sttiaken the confidence of C.C.F. leaders. The apostles of militant socialism can read the handwriting on the wall; one more such contest and they are indeed done.

For the present, government supporters have every right to feel elated. They won a further term in office in the face of an exceedingly strengthened opposition. But their elation should properly be tempered by the pronounced drop in their popular vote. They have retained the reins of office; but the heavy anti-socialist vote cast should at least act as ar brake on their future actions. In its early stages, the campaign moved slowly.

Government forces in particular seemed to be holding their fire. Until the results of the Ontario provincial election and the federal by-elections became known it was almost like a cold war. But successes elsewhere in Canada whipped the C.C.F. machine into high gear. Fearful, perhaps, that the true significance of their dominating left-wing labor union support in Ontario and British Columbia would strike home to their rural following in Saskatchewan, they concentrated heavily on the social service and other general aspects of their administration and program.

The radical side of their plans was left right out of the picture. They posed as models of moderation in legislative accomplishment and intention. But their campaign was far from moderate in other respects. The cold war soon became hot and furious. It remained bo until the end.

In Regina, the climax was reached In two bumper gatherings at the armoury with the C.C.F. meeting being considerably the larger of the two. Doubtless it was the confidence engendered by this huge and enthusiastic turnout which induced the party to advertise a victory celebration for Thursday night before the balloting had even started. It was a hunch which proved correct. The Leader-Post still believes that a Liberal administration empowered to carry out the provincial Liberal program would have been a much wiser selection for the people to have made.

But enough of the electors having decided otherwise; the verdict must be accepted. This newspaper opposed the government's re-election on grounds that its record was not good and that its socialistic planning was neither well planned nor in the interests of the province. On the basis of the anti-socialist vote, it would appear that the majority of the electorate concurred. Throughout the campaign, C.C.F. leaders and spokesmen generally exploited to the limit of their ability such non-provincial issues as the high cost of living, the 21 percent freight rate increase and the coarse grain situation.

campaign was energetically centred on the positive social services phase of their administration. Little or nothing was said about their basic socialistic program. Clearly they were afraid to seek re-election on the platform presented in their original Regina manifesto. In this campaign they capitulated to reality. As for the Liberals, they vigorously advanced their own broad and constructive program for the betterment of Saskatchewan.

They also attacked the Douglas government unceasingly on its record and on the implications of its socialistic foundations. The danger of left-wing union support and communistic infiltration, made more real by the open and active support of the Communist party, was fully presented. For the most part, however, the Liberal attack was concentrated on the govern-record popular vote of nearly 500,000. A widespread measure of Liberal and Progressive Conservative co-operation increased the potential opposition strength. The Social Credit gains were an enigma.

The large over-all vote polled by that party would seem to indicate that it attracted many votes which otherwise might have gone to the Liberals. Conceivably, also, the Social Crediters received votes from disgruntled C.CF.'ers which had it been a straight two-party fight might have added to the Liberal totals. Nevertheless, the C.C.F. majority was substantially reduced. It follows that the government's claim to a mandate from the majority of voters is no longer valid.

Clearly more persons voted for opposition parties than for the C.C.F. Premier Douglas asked an endorsement of his policies from the electorate; the answer he received was Yes But! If, therefore, the people of Saskatchewan are not yet ready to turn thumbs down on the socialist experiment, it is at least manifest that Thursday's qualified approval is in no sense an all-clear for further adventures when those already undertaken have yet to prove themselves. On his past performance Mr. Douglas has been given the benefit of the doubt; to read more into the election returns would be entirely without warrant. In this same connection it may fairly be observed that the electors, in returning a powerful opposition to the legislature, headed by Walter Tucker who swamped his Rosthern opponents, have in fact called for more careful scrutiny of the government's program and for the salutary curb on the ministry which an alert opposition properly constitutes.

By his resolute' and spirited campaign Mr. Tucker convincingly demonstrated his fitness for Liberal leadership. It should never be forgotten that members to the left of Mr. Speaker also have a responsibility; it is their job to watch every move of the government with meticulous care, to examine all legislation with a view to opposing anything which does not seem to be in the interests of the province or the people as a whole. Now that the political whirlwind has abated, we shall probably enter upon a period of comparative calm.

The people of Saskatchewan divide on party issues but underlying all this is a democratic unity which is the fundamental basis of our strength and which must at all costs be preserved. The sovereign electors have spoken and the parties must accept the verdict in good temper and with the least possible recrimination. Above the rivalries of factions stands the welfare of the province; for all good citizens the first concern. The battle is over; partyism has had its hour; the business of the people goes on. And since we live in a democratic community it is incumbent upon both government and opposition to bear in mind that democracy provides its own safeguard so long as it continues to remain democracy.

It can be summarized in four words: Tomorrow is another day. Moral an1 economic force the answer Canada's design for peace (The cart Canada can nlav In main the inviolability of the individual man, woman and child; the belief Cone the garlic Soviet sirens By Frank Walker In the brave new world which existed before the last war, the ladies of the Communist party with whom we were mildly acquainted were serious-minded girls who had no time for such middle-class nonsense as permanent waves, junk jewelry and silk stockings. They were usually easy to recognize by an unkept head, down-at-heels footwear and untidy clothes. Sex, it appeared was not in them or of them and love was a biological urge with an ideological twist. We are glad to report after a somewhat inexhaustive study that this is all changed.

It is changed both locally and internationally and it is now difficult to spot the female members of the party at more than 20 paces. In Winnipeg, the party ladies are well turned out in a restrained pleasant kind of fashion. Their hands no longer show the proud scars of rugged toil; their feet are well shod; their heads primped; their figures organized and controlled. We have not seen any directive to explain the change though it is fairly obvious that it was more politic during the depression to advertise the full horror of rampant capitalism by dressing lor the part of the honest and downtrodden poor while now it is more suitable to follow the fashion while protesting at all times the high cost of such necessities, But, whatever the reason, it is general across the board. Sex appeal is now a party weapon and sex, as the U.S.

diplomatic service is finding, can have some fairly devastating results. Recently an American sergeant foreswore democracy in favor of the charms of a Miss Gahna Dunaeva, whose five feet six inches and 120 pounds have done more for the Soviet than all the oratory of Mr. Andrei Gromyko. Miss Dunaeva has light brown hair, a clear, lovely, fair complexion and a beautifully molded face. She has already married one U.S.

representative in Moscow; she has now enticed away from his duties an American sergeant employed in the embassy cipher room. Soon no doubt her beauty will be turned on others for Miss Dunaeva is a wholesaler rather than a retailer of charm whose favors are granted on a short-term credit basis. Miss Dunaeva according to Americans who have swayed under her appeal, dances well, is very well groomed and has a large supply of "American dresses, silk stockings and other luxuries" provided by her admirers. Americans arriving in the Soviet Union find dates easy to come by. One told Wallace Deuel, of the Chicago Daily News, that he was telephoned by three Russian girls, who called him by name, the first day he was in Moscow.

It is not clear what information they had got but they are obviously doing a good job in countering the democratic "successes" with such men as Kraychenko and Gouzenko whose departure from the Russian camp must have been embarrassing to the Utopians. Personally we are glad the Russians are realizing the value of charm and bathing. We hope it continues for our research today is pleasantcr and easier than it was before the war. We prefer tweed to garlic. Gorilla warfare scarey business Hubert Engert has just been driving ten thousand miles through Africa, opening a new north-south route for a motoring organization.

He has also been photographing wild beasts and birds en route, and arranging for some gorillas to be captured for the London zoo. B.B.C. listeners heard of these manifold activities end discovered that Engert's trip was no easy one, for on many occasions his car had to stop while a track was built. The gorillas provided some hair-raising moments. Once, at sunset, he walked right into a bunch of nearly thirty of them.

"They're amazing beasts weighing up to thirty stone," he said. "A gorilla will make a charge screaming blue murder. It you turn to run, well you've had it. If you stand your ground he'll funk it at the lust moment and turn into the bush. The females (thinned up and down hundred-foot trees as fast as monkeys on sticks, while the males shook the bushes, beat their chests and yelled rude words at me.

It was absolute pandemonium." The new look hasn't reached the Jungle yet, at least, the new look as the western world knows it. "But I did see one fellow, said Engert, "wearing a lady's white linen blouse, with puffed sleeves and clastic waist and nothing else but a spear, while his wife looked particularly fetching with a natty piece of ivory through her nose and nothing else at all!" B.BC. Letters. Victory in war is not won by caution alone. In war caution can too easily become another name for cowardice." Victory in war has to be won by a judicious mixture of caution with a willingness to run calculated risks for great objectives.

Victory over war can be won only by a similar willingness on the part of the free nations and the free peoples of the world to run calculated risks lor great objectives. Victory in war requires a pooling of risks and a pooling of resources. Victory over war requires a similar pooling by the free nations. Such a pooling cannot take place unless we realize that the giving of aid to an ally is not charity but self-help, The Western European democracies, for example, are not beggars asking for the charity of North America. They should be and, in fact they are our allies in the war against war.

We need their assistance in order to be able successfully to defend ourselves and our beliefs. We need their assistance just as they need ours. The spread of aggressive Communist despotism over Western Europe would ultimately almost certainly mean war for us, and war for us on most unfavorable terms. It is in our national interest to see to it that the flood of Communist expansion is held back. To be successful in doing so, we must constantly remember that that union of the free world which is now rather painfully struggling to be born will possess the necessary overwhelming strength only if it is based on moral as well as material force; if its citizens are bound together not merely by their common opposition to totalitarian Communist aggression but by a positive love of democracy and of their fellow men, by a determination to make democracy work for the promotion of mutual welfare and the preservation of peace, for others as well as themselves.

It Is for each citizen of the free world to examine his own heart and his own conscience in order that he may make clear to himself the principles of his democratic faith. We know that, divided, the free nations may fall, one by one, before the forces of totalitarian tyranny working within and without their borders, but that, united, they can preserve freedom and peace for all. Let us be not only willing but anxious to unite. Said Mr. Thompson; "All such theories from Aristotle through Bergson to the present propose some form of metaphysical intervention which cannot be acceptable to scientists.

To assume that the living organism has been endowed with the ability to respond to the needs of its environment by producing mutations suited to those needs is to believe in miracles. All our evidence indicates that mutations occur without regard to their potential use. "Teleological explanations of variation must, therefore, be ruled out." The Royal Society president found in biology a support for democracy. His argument was as follows. Man is unique in the immense number of types and variations in the human species.

This "human diversity" is a "sound basis" of democracy. "If we were all alike or conformed to a few patterns or could readily be made to do so by education and indoctrination, the authoritarian state which would marshall us all along the same path might be best for us. But no species with such a wealth of inborn differences as ours will long rest contentedly in the same bonds, even though the bonds be of their own forging." Dr. J. W.

T. Spinks, head of the chemistry department, took part in the symposium on atomic energy in relation to biology. Saskatchewan people know something of the pioneer work that Dr. Spinks and his associates have done in the practical application of radioactive isotopes to agriculture. He told of the work at the university in using radio-phosphorus "tracers" to study the uptake of fertilizers by wheat plants.

Canada's atomic power plant at Chalk River, Ontario, produces radioactive substances which can be used for analytical work 'that has hitherto been Impossible. It was the chemist's opinion that Canada should play a leading role "in the exploitation of this valuable new tool." The paper that aroused greatest Interest in the literature and philosophy section was that of Dr. F. M. Salter, English professor at the Universiy ot Alberta.

He propounded a new theory on the perplexing problem of whether Hamlet was mad or not. Shakespearean scholars have offered four main opinions on this question: (1) that Hamlet was really mad; (2) that he feigned madness; (3) that ho was neither mad nor pretended to be so; ((4) that at times he was mad and at times he feigned madness. "It would seem Impossible to think up further variations," said Dr. Salter, "but as Dover Wilson has added a fifth, that Hamlet is 'both mad and not perhapr I may rush in Hmong the angels with a sixth possibility, that Hamlet goes mad because he plays mad." In his enthralling paper he purported to give, not Bradley's or Kittredge's or anybody else's interpretation of Hamlet nor even his own but Shakespeare's. He called his essay "Shakespeare's Interpretation of Hamlet." It would not be here even to outline the argument in the 54-page thesis.

Those who are Interested will no. doubt rush to get a copy of the Transactions of the Royal Society as soon as It is published. taining world peace was the subject recently ol a speech made by Ht. Hon. Louis St Laurent, secretary of itate for external affairs, at a Canadian International Trade Fair dinner In Toronto.

Par Is renrlnted below.) Several weeks ago speaking in the house of commons, I said that the free nations, or some of them, might soon find it necessary to consult together on how best to establish a new collective security league under Article 51 of the United Nations Charter. I said that Canada should be willing to enter such a league, I referred to entry into such a league as a fateful decision for Canada. Why was it that the proposal met with unanimous support in the house of commons from members of all political parties? I suggest it is because we, In Canada, are agreed upon the essential bases of our foreign policy. We are agreed, to begin with, that totalitarian Communist aggression constitutes a direct and immediate threat to every democratic country, including Canada. It endangers our freedom and our peace.

It puts in jeopardy the values and virtues of the civilization of western Christendom of which we are heirs and defenders. Secondly, we have come to a common realization of what Communist totalitarianism means to the people subjected to its tyranny. We have seen the Bolshevists create in Russia the most omnipotent and pervasive state In history. We have seen them take over what was the worst feature of the Czarist regime, the secret police, and expand it. The Soviet government, though proclaimed by Communist parties to be the champion of the oppressed, Is itself an oppressor on a scale surpassing even Nazi Germany.

It has already, in 10 countries of eastern Europe as well as In the Soviet Union itself, suppressed the freedom of millions of men and imposed a police regime upon them, It has demonstrated to us that the goal of social justice can never be reached by the Communist methods of terror and violence. It has demonstrated that the division today is not, as the Communists vainly assert, between the forces of reaction with the Fascists on the extreme right and the forces of progress with the Communists on the extreme left. The reactionary parties ore those which advocate a police state; and they are reactionary whether they call themselves Na.l, Fascist or Communist. The parties of progress are those which advocate a free society. The police state, by coercion and regimentation, ultimately makes progress Impossible.

Only In a free society can there exist a firm foundation for social and spiritual progress. Therefore, the things that divide the democratic parties of the free nations, by whatever names they call themselves, are as nothing compared with the gulf that separates them all from the Communists and the regimenting totiilitarians. It Is, I suggest, because virtually all the people ot Canada have come to realize these things that there are today no fundamental differences between them on questions of foreign policy. We are all resolved to maintain and to strengthen In Canada the values and virtues of our civilization; values and virtues whlrh the totalitarian soclctirs repuili ate with contempt and drrlslnn: mpect for the orlh, the dignity, that the state exists for man anct not man for the state; the belief that all men are brothers; the belief in pity and compassion. We do not believe in the blasphemy that a Third World War is inevitable.

No war is inevitable. We shall do our best to diminish the possibility of a war breaking out. We shall do that by pursuing unprovocatively, constructively, and obstinately in the United Nations, in the specialized agencies and elsewhere, policies which seem to us best calculated to remove causes of friction between nations and to provide opportunities for fruitful co-operation between all nations and peoples of the world. We believe in the maintenance of the United Nations as a possible bridge between the Russian world and the free world. We have faith in the possibility of a spiritual transformation of the hussian people based on their feelings tor justice and human emancipation and the deep Human aim religious resources wnich are Inherent in this great people.

We believe, as the tiis-tinguished Catholic philosopher Jacques Maritain has put it, that, while "a Nazi people, aiming at world conquest and domination through war, can only be cured of racial paganism, by a crushing defeat of their undertakings of aggression; it is possible for a people now Communist to be cured of materialistic atheism by some internal transformation, however hard and dillicult such a process may In the interests ot the peoples of both worlds the Communist and the free we believe that it musr be made clear to the rulers of the totalitarian Communist states that if they attempt by direct or indirect aggression to extend their police states beyond their present bounds by subduing any more free nutions, they will not succeed unless they can overcome us all. The best guarantee of peace today is the creation and preservation by the nations of the free world, under the leadership ot Great Britain, the United States and France, of an overwhelming preponderance of force over any adversary or possible combination of adversaries This force must not be only military; it must be economic; it must be moral. Just as in the last war, so also today, we are engaged in a "struggle for the control of men's minds and men's souls" We believe that the menace to the free world of Communist aggression makes it necessary that the free world create and maintain a sufficient degree of military, politlral, economic and moral unity to ensure that Its preponderance of force Is so used that the free nations cannot be destroyed and defeated one by one. No measure less than this will do. We must avoid a fatal repetition of the history of th pre-war years when the Nazi aggressor picked off Its victims one by one.

Such a process would not end at the Atlantic. I am sure that It Is the desire of the people nf Canada that Canada should play Its full part In creating and maintaining this overwhelming preponderance of moral, economic and military force and the necessary unity for its effective use. Congratulations in order Wilfrid G. Brown and Alan W. Congratulations are due Hon.

C. M. Fines, provincial treasurer, and Hon. C. C.

Williams, minister of labor, on having been re-elected to office to represent the citizens of Regina for a second term in the legislature. They fought a hard campaign and received the endorsation of just over 20,000 of the voters, 3,000 more than their chief opponents, the joint Liberal and Progressive Conservative candidates. The results Indicate that the two cabinet ministers over the past four years have retained the respect and confidence of their fellow citizens. Embury, who ran on the joint party ticket, made an excellent showing and while they failed to win the majority of the electorate in this city they piled up a very large following. The impressive gains they made are a tribute to the spirited campaign they carried out.

It is to their credit that having decided to run as a team they worked together throughout the election in each other's interests as well as their own. They are to be commended also for the sportsmanlike manner in which they accepted defeat, as are the two Social Credit candidates W. E. Stowe and A. E.

Kovatch. Of summer A cause that deserves support blame in the present tragedy of the Holy Regardless of the political rights and When children dangle golden feet In little, tepid streams; When the sun shines on the fisherman; The poet and his dreams Time Is no warrior, but a friend Who hides his dagger well; Who blurs the tiresome hands of clocks; Muffles the clock-tower bell. While only wind or cricket say When the rich day is over, And shadows of the punctual birds That cross deep seas of clover. Land Although Canadians might look askance at any scheme whose purpose was to arm one or other of the opposing factions for the resumption of struggle, they can with good conscience support the Aid to Israel fund. This Is directed towards the collection of clothing, foodstuffs and medicines -for" unfortunate people; its nature is exclusively humanitarian and it has the official sanction of the Canadian government.

The appeal may therefore be endorsed wholeheartedly and the summons to "Give should not fall on deaf ears. Regina headquarters for the fund is at 2060 Halifax street and the first shipment of clothing and supplies is dut to go forward In a few days. wrongs of the quarrel between Jews and Arabs in the Near East, every decent citizen must sympathize with the plight of the displaced Jewish victims of Hitlerism in the camps of Europe and also with thousands of Innocents in Palestine now embroiled In a dangerous war. While, through the skilful efforts of Count Folke Bernadotte, a truce has been worked out between the warring factions, the prospects that peaceful settlement will come out of the talks at Rhodes are not encouraging. Meanwhile war as usual has brought great suffering in its wake, visited all too frequently upon women, children and others altogether free from PAl'LINE HAVARD.

Victoria. Love, In its highest manifestation, Is the richest, most per-iuasive, most powerful thing that God has to ofter it is the only weapon we need. Rev. It. R.

Mifpard. Love Is the hardest lesson In Christianity; but, for that reason, It should be most our care to learn It William Tenn. i.